advanced wind turbine controls input based on realtime loads measured with fiber optical sensors...
TRANSCRIPT
Advanced Wind Turbine Controls Input Based on RealTime Loads Measured with Fiber Optical Sensors
Embedded in Rotor Blades
ewec 2006, Athens28 February
S. Kuhnt, J. Wernicke, R. Byars, J. Shadden (WindForce GmbH)
Main Issues on Wind Power Plants
• High Operational and Maintenance Costs• Reliability below Customer Expectation
– MTBF, MTTR
• Competitiveness of COE• Low Insurability• Rapid Market Development
FIBRADAPT™Advanced Wind Turbine Control System
Goal• Reduction of Structural
and Dynamic Loads (extreme and fatigue)
• Increasing the Lifetime of Wind Turbine Components
• Component Reliability Improvements (MTBF, MTTR)
• Project Controlling and Management Parameter
• Fast Return on Investment (ROI)
Investments in Innovation ensure Future Business Opportunities
Operational Conditions of a wind turbine
• Measuring of Rotor flapwise and edgewise Loads and Frequencies during Operation
• Traceability of single Events (extreme Loads, emergency Stop etc.)
• Traceability of fatigue Loads for residual Lifetime Estimation
• Monitoring of Design Parameter• Monitoring of the Component Structure for early Detection
of Damages and for determining predictive Maintenance
Targets
Installed Measurement System
Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) -Benefits
• Multiple sensors in a single Fibre– Simple Connectivity, low Sensor Mass
• No EMI with other operational Systems • Higher Measurement Quality and Stability
– Solid state Electronics – Lifetime Operation
• High Reliability of Sensors
No EMI, no Corrosion, high Reliability
Control Interface Electronics
Specification Value
Range +/- 4000 microstrain range
Resolution 0.8 microstrain
Repeatability (short term) +/- 5 microstrain
Repeatability (long term) +/- 10 microstrain
No of Sensors 100 per channel
Maximum sensor distance > 2 km
Scan Frequency 25 Hz for 20 Sensors
Power Requirement 12 V @ 0.25 A Typical (3W-12Wl)
Interface Ethernet, CANBus, RS422 etc.
FIBRADAPT: Advanced wind turbine controls
Residual Lifetime Estimation
Residual Lifetime Estimation is based on Load Cycle Counting during the Operation of the Wind Turbine used for predictive Maintenance.
Structural Monitoring
The Occurrence of Cracks and Defects can be detected at an early Stage to prevent catastrophic Failures and lengthy Downtimes. Data can be also used for Ice Load Monitoring.
Active Control
Real time Loads act as in Input for Individual Blade Pitch Control especially for large Wind Turbines where the Wind is very turbulent over the Rotor spam.
Integration of FIBRADAPT
FIBRADAPT™ System Additional Applications
• Integration into the SCADA System• Standard Application for Design Verifications• Development of a Wind Park Management System
based on Load Data• Black Box Functionality
Test Installation – Application of FIBRADAPT
Sensor Layout in Test
Blade 1
Installation of FIBRADAPT during the Production of the Blade
Bending Moment flapwise
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600Time [s]
4E+05
6E+05
8E+05
1E+06
1.2E+06
1.4E+06
Bendin
g M
om
ent [k
Nm
]
Mbf_1_fosCopyright©2005 WindForce GmbH
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20Time [s]
4E+05
6E+05
8E+05
1E+06
1.2E+06
1.4E+06
Bendin
g M
om
ent [k
Nm
]
Flap- and edgewise Loads during Operation
450
500
550
600
650
343 345 347 349 351 Time [s]
stra
in(1
6) [
mik
rost
rain
]
-600
-400
-200
0
200strain (12) [m
ikrostrain]
Sensor16 Sensor12
Frequency Analysis (Turbine Operation)
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2Frequenz [Hz]
3
4
FF
T-M
bf
FFT_Mbf_1
FFT_Mbf_1_fos
Copyright©2005 WindForce GmbH 2004-08-12 18-40-00_fft
Project planning - Outlook
• Integration of FIBRADAPT into a Serie• Development and testing of active Control Algorithms for
FIBRADAPT• Development of Methods for controlling and operating,
based on Variables• Development of Methods for assuring the Application
Process in Serial Production in Offshore Installations• Development of Software for Load Monitoring and
Residual Lifetime Estimation
Die Entwicklung wird teilweise finanziert durch Mittel aus dem PFAU Programm der BIS BremerhavenWindForce GmbH wird unterstützt durch Mittel des GRW Programms des Landes Bremen
Thank you for your attention!