Agriculture and Rural Statistics in the Philippine Statistical System

by

Tomas P. Africa

Workshop on Strategic Planning for Agricultural and Rural Statistics

Bangkok, Thailand

17-19 March 2015

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Outline of Presentation

I. Overview: The PSS - Then and Now

II. AgriStat Roles and Responsibilities

III. AgriStat Data Collection

IV. Statistical Coordination Framework, Structures and Mechanisms

V. Funding for AgriStat Activities

VI. Linkage between Sector Development and Statistical Development Plans

VII. PSDP Development Process and Institutional Framework

VIII. Summary

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I. Overview: Why consolidate?

• While the Philippine Statistical System is engaged in a number of good practices, there is ample scope for improving its current organizational structure and processes toward enhancing quality of its products and services.

• A number of structural limitations in the decentralized setup of the PSS, coupled with constraints on financial, physical, human, and other resources have hindered the PSS from responding quickly to users’ requirements and criticisms, especially regarding the need for statistics for local development planning, including the agriculture and rural sectors.

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The Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) – Republic Act No. 10625

• The PSA shall be constituted from among the existing personnel of the major statistical agencies engaged in primary data collection and compilation of secondary data:

• National Statistics Office (NSO)

• Technical Staff of the National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB)

• Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS)

• Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics (BLES)

I. Overview: Latest development in the PSS

II. AgriStat Roles and Responsibilities

• Agriculture and Fisheries Census: The Census Planning and Operations Division (a unit under the former National Statistics Office) was the responsible unit for the conduct of Census of Agriculture and Fisheries every 10 years, in tandem with the Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS). The last CAF was conducted in March 2013. – [Proposed unit responsible in the PSA --- Agriculture & Fisheries Census Division

(AFCD) under the National Censuses Services (NCS) of the Censuses & Technical Coordination Office (CTCO)]

• Surveys of Agriculture and Fisheries. Units from the former Bureau of

Agricultural Statistics were the ones responsible for generating agricultural statistics for crops, livestock and poultry, fisheries and aquaculture. – [Proposed units responsible in the PSA --- Divisions of the Sectoral Statistics Office

(SSO)]

• Survey of Forests. The Forest Management Bureau (FMB) of the Department of

Environment and Natural Resources is the one responsible for forest-related statistics. (Reference: forestry.denr.gov.ph)

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Framework of Coordination in the PSS

Central Statistical

Authority of the Philippine

Government

Judicial and Legislative

Office

Executive Office

Training, Education and Research Institutions

Other Data Producers

Data Users

Data Providers/ Respondents

IV. Structure and Framework of Coordination in the PSS

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Regional/Provincial Statistical Coordination Committees

• Serve as forum for the discussion and resolution of statistical issues at the regional and local levels

• Venue for data dissemination and statistical advocacy activities

Subcommittees/Technical Committees/Task Forces/ Technical Working Groups

• Tasked to address/resolve specific concerns/issues before these are discussed at the Regional/Provincial Statistical Coordination Committees

IV. Statistical Coordination Structures

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RSCC XII

RSCC XII

TF on Tourism Statistics, RSCC VIII

IV. Statistical Coordination Mechanisms for AgriStat1 of 5

• Membership to inter-agency committees and technical committees or technical working groups – regular interaction with producers and users in the public sector; thus promoting, among others, increasing use of administrative data, including exchange of data and generation of statistics through direct tabulation of administrative data.

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IV. Statistical Coordination Mechanisms2 of 5

Policies and Standards and Classifications – various Board Resolutions calling for the adoption of statistical standards and classification systems

Philippine Standard Industrial Classification (PSIC)

Philippine Standard Commodity Classification (PSCC)

Philippine Standard Occupational Classification (PSOC

Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC)

Philippine Standard Classification of Education (PSCED)

Philippine Central Product Classification (PCPC)

Philippine Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose (PCOICOP)

Philippine Classification of Commodities by Broad Economic Categories (PCCBEC)

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IV. Statistical Coordination Mechanisms3 of 5

• System of Designated Statistics - identifies the responsible agencies, frequency of conduct, disaggregation and schedule of data dissemination. It also establishes priorities for data production and hence provides a means for more rational resource allocation among government statistical activities

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IV. Statistical Coordination Mechanisms4 of 5

Philippine Statistical Development Program (PSDP) – defines priority statistical programs and activities designed to provide vital information support for Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan (MTPDP) as well as promote efficiency of statistical operations. Also, it is a tool for integrating and coordinating the statistical activities of the government and enjoins compliance and cooperation among various agencies

• The concerns of food and agriculture statistics can be found in all the parts and in most chapters of the PSDP. But, importantly, in Part 3, there is a chapter on agriculture and agrarian reform. Here the statistical development programs, specific to agriculture and agrarian reform are articulated.

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IV. Statistical Coordination Mechanisms5 of 5

• User-Producer Dialogue/Forum - to present the role of agriculture and fishery statistics in the development of the economy. Through the Forum, improvements in the data systems are expected as a result of the assessment of the PSA products and services. To solicit feedback from clients, partners and stakeholders, consultative meetings and/or appreciation seminars were also organized to determine and address the emerging issues and changing needs of stakeholders.

• Advocacy and Dissemination Activities

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V. Funding for AgriStat Activities1 of 2

• Formerly BAS had a centralized budget in its normal operations wherein a top-down approach is applied. The BAS’s approved budget came from the Department of Agriculture (DA) and pushed it down to each Technical Divisions and Regional/Provincial Operation Centers who conducts the agricultural surveys.

• The regular AgriStat surveys are funded by regular appropriations. However, in some instances, budget deficits are addressed by requesting additional funds from DA Programs such as Rice Program, Corn Program, Livestock Program, High Value Commercial Crop Program, etc.

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V. Funding for AgriStat Activities2 of 2

Having a PSA budget with an AgriStat component significant for the production of primary statistics in agriculture since ---

• Under Department of Agriculture, the DA budget at times had statistics competing with programmes and projects, with the latter having higher priority, resulting in resource constraints

• Now with PSA – once approved by Congress, no further competing claims from other ’non-statistical’ programmes upon budget release by the Department of Budget and Management.

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VI. Linkage between sectoral development and statistical development plans

• Do sectoral development plans usually include statistical development as well? • Do sectoral development plans also set the priorities for statistical developments

either directly or indirectly?

‘’The National Economic and Development Authority should include

statistical development in its Medium Term Philippine Development Plan (MTPDP) – a step that would highlight the key role that statistics can play in smarter governance. This would be an important change; the current MTPDP does not mention statistics as an element in the plan but only considers statistics as a tool for monitoring plan realization. There needs to be more explicit recognition of the role of statistics in identifying issues and informing policy design.’’

*Sourced from PSDP Assessment (WB,2010). There is need to examine the MTPDP

for 2011-2016

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Generally effective coordination and advocacy mechanisms for agriculture and rural statistics

a. Inter agency/technical committees

b. Policies, standards and classifications

c. System of designated statistics

d. PSDP formulation

e. User-producer dialogues

f. Advocacy activities

Summary1 of 3

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Issues * • Statistical development not a priority in national and local

government budget allocation; no predictability in budget approval process

• Existing government policy biased towards attrition • ‘Exodus’ of some trained and experienced senior statisticians

from Major Statistical Agencies • Dwindling human capital *Sourced from PSDP Assessment (WB,2010)

Summary2 of 3

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Challenges (My views)

Organize the Philippine Statistics Authority and ensure that the mandate and responsibilities of the former Bureau of Agricultural Statistics become more efficient and effective as provided by the Philippine Statistical Act of 2013

Secure increased resources and to sustain investment in agriculture and rural statistics that are results-based through

• a rationalized and transparent expenditure planning and allocation process that is directly linked to statistical development outcomes, optimal human resource framework, and strategies for sustainable financing and resource mobilization.

Summary3 of 3

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Mabuhay and Thank you!

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Republic Act No. 10625, otherwise known as

The Philippine Statistical Act of 2013

“AN ACT REORGANIZING THE PHILIPPINE STATISTICAL SYSTEM, REPEALING FOR THE PURPOSE EXECUTIVE ORDER NUMBER ONE

HUNDRED TWENTY-ONE ENTITLED “REORGANIZING AND STRENGTHENING THE PHILIPPINE STATISTICAL SYSTEM AND FOR

OTHER PURPOSES”

I. Overview: Latest development in the PSS

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III. Data Collection: AgriStat1 of 3

1. Crops

a. Palay (paddy rice) and Corn Production Survey (PCPS) - quarterly b. Palay and Corn Situation Reporting System (MPCSRS) - monthly c. Palay and Corn Stocks Survey (PCSS) - monthly d. Crops Production Survey (CPS) – quarterly (vegetables and rootcrops

(101), fruit crops (51) and non-food and industrial crops (76) + administrative data for sugarcane, fiber crops, cotton, tobacco, coconut

2. Livestock and Poultry a. Backyard Livestock and Poultry Survey (BLPS) and Commercial Livestock

and Poultry Survey (CLPS) - quarterly b. Survey of Animals Slaughtered in Abattoirs and Dressing Plants +

administrative data - quarterly c. Semestral Survey of Dairy Enterprises

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III. Data Collection: AgriStat2 of 3

3. Fisheries a. Commercial Fisheries Surveys (quarterly) + administrative data b. Municipal/Inland Municipal Fisheries Surveys - quarterly c. Aquaculture Surveys – quarterly

4. Prices and marketing a. Farm Prices Survey (FPS) – monthly b. Wholesale and retail prices – weekly/monthly c. Prices Paid by Farmers for Pesticides - quarterly d. Cereals and Fertilizer Price Monitoring - weekly

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III. Data Collection: AgriStat3 of 3

5. Farm Economics a. Agricultural Labor Survey (ALS) b. Costs and Returns Survey (CRS), Survey of Food Demand(SFD),

and the Integrated Farm Household Survey (IFHS) – ad hoc 7. Forestry The Forest Management Bureau (FMB) of the Department of

Environment and Natural Resources is the one responsible for forest-related statistics. (Reference: forestry.denr.gov.ph)

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The PSA Board

• Establish appropriate mechanisms to maintain an efficient and effective Philippine Statistical System

• Formulate policies on all matters relating to government statistical operations, standards and classifications

• Review the statistical programs of the agencies of the national government and of the local government units, and rationalize responsibilities in these government organizations on matters relating to such statistical programs

• Review budgetary proposals involving statistical operations, and submit an integrated budget for the PSS to the DBM

IV. Statistical Coordination Structures

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IV. Statistical Coordination Mechanisms for AgriStat2 of 7

Among the data sets that can be compiled are the following: Grains Warehouses and Storage Statistics Administrative forms used in the licensing and registration of privately owned and operated storage facilities

Volume of fish catch: – commercial fisheries can be compiled through the Log-Book

method involving the compulsory submission of fish catch by fishing boat operators even while still in fishing trips.

– municipal fisheries can be compiled from the reports of municipal fisherfolk to their respective local government units (LGUs).

Volume and price of unloadings of commercial and municipal boats can be sourced from records of the Philippine Fisheries Development Authority (PFDA).

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Activity Agency Frequency of

Conduct Geographic

Disaggregation Schedule of Data

Dissemination With ARC

Census of Agriculture and Fisheries

National Statistics Office

every 10 years national, regional, provincial, municipal

6 months after survey conduct (preliminary) 2 years after survey

conduct (final)

/

Rice and Corn Survey Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS)

quarterly national, regional, provincial

40 days after the reference quarter /

Seasonally Adjusted Palay Production

BAS quarterly national 40 days after the reference quarter /

Backyard Livestock and Poultry Survey

BAS quarterly national, regional, provincial,

45 days after the reference quarter /

Commercial Livestock and Poultry Survey

BAS quarterly national, regional, provincial

45 days after the reference quarter /

Palay and Corn Stocks Survey

- Household stocks

BAS, National Food Authority

monthly national, regional, 15 days after the survey conduct (preliminary)

45 days after the survey (final)

/

Palay and Corn Stocks Survey

- Commercial stocks

BAS, National Food Authority

monthly national, regional, 15 days after the survey conduct (preliminary)

45 days after the survey (final)

1/

Commercial Fish Catch Survey

BAS monthly national, regional, provincial

2 months after the reference month

/

Municipal Fish Catch Survey

BAS Marine - every other day

Inland - quarterly

national, regional, provincial

2 months after the reference quarter

/

Generation of Data on Land Holdings and Land Transfer

Department of Agrarian Reform

quarterly national, regional, provincial

1 month after the reference quarter O

IV. Statistical Coordination Mechanisms5 of 7

Agency Statistical Calendar/Advance Release Calendar

• The ARC of Designated Statistics is designed to promote transparency, timeliness, and accessibility of government statistics by providing advanced information to the public as to what and when the statistics will become available. It gives the specific dates on when the various statistics will be released by government agencies for the benefit of the data users.

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M&E

Framework

Logical

Framework

VII. The PSDP Development Process

• Vision and goals

• Key result areas and

thrusts

• Major programs and

strategies

Strategic

framework

• Problem analysis

• Stakeholder analysis

• Objectives analysis

• Human resource framework

• Medium-term expenditure framework

• Resource mobilization strategy

• Activities and outputs

• Time and cost

schedules

• Implementing units

Action plan PSDP Volume 2

Resource

framework Situational analysis

Strategic plan PSDP Volume 1

VII. Institutional Framework for PSDP Preparation

PSDP NSCB

Executive Board

PSPD Steering Committee

NSCB Technical Staff /

PSDP Secretariat Strategic plan

Action plan

Activities & outputs

Time & cost

schedules

IACs / TCs / AWGs

RSCCs

MSAs

NGAs

LGUs

Data users Academe, Private Sector, CSO

Other stakeholders

Communication plan

M&E framework

Office of the President

Resource

framework

Strategic

framework Situational

analysis

Strategic directions

Major programs &

strategies

Proclamation