1_ noise induced deafness prevention programme & sharing of enforcement results(1).pdf
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A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
© 2010 Government of Singapore 1
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Ng Zhihan Occupational Hygiene Branch
OSH Specialist Department Ministry of Manpower
Management of Noise Hazards at Workplace
© 2012 Government of Singapore 2
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Workplace Health (WH) Strategies
© 2012 Government of Singapore 3
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Targeted Intervention Programme
Noise Induced Deafness Prevention Programme
Management of Hazardous Chemicals Programme
Confined Space Management Programme
National Asbestos Control Programme
© 2012 Government of Singapore 4
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Scope • Effects of Exposure to Excessive Noise
• Overview of Noise Induced Deafness Prevention Programme (NIDPP)
• Hearing Conservation Programme Guidelines (HCP)
• MOM Engagement and Enforcement
• NIDPP Future Plans
© 2012 Government of Singapore 5
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Effects of Noise 1. Annoyance / irritation
2. Interference / disturbance
3. Exposure to Excessive Noise can lead to Hearing loss or NID
– sound pressure level
– exposure duration
– frequency
– susceptibility
© 2012 Government of Singapore 6
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Noise Induced Deafness • Damage to nerve cells
– Prolonged exposure to loud noise
• Early stage – Might not be able to hear as clearly
– Affects way of life
• Late stage – Hearing ability severely affected
– No known cure
• Prevention is the only remedy
© 2012 Government of Singapore 7
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
NID Stats
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500 1
97
4
19
75
19
76
19
77
19
78
19
79
19
80
19
81
19
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19
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19
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19
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19
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19
97
19
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19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
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03
20
04
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20
08
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09
20
10
20
11
Year
Total ODs NID Occ Skin Disease
© 2012 Government of Singapore 8
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Audiometry Stats
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Number of workers under medical surveillance by year
© 2012 Government of Singapore 9
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
NIDPP – Strategies
1. Developing and Prescribing Appropriate Standards
2. Providing Compliance Assistance
3. Deepening Capabilities to Monitor and Control Hazards
4. Educating and Engaging Employees
5. Targeted Enforcement
© 2012 Government of Singapore 10
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Indicators for NIDPP
1. 95% of workplaces inspected have implemented HCP
2. 20% reduction in NID
© 2012 Government of Singapore 11
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Our Journey
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Developing
Standards
Compliance
assistance
Educating
employees
Deepening
capabilities
Targeted
Enforcement
Reviewed, Finalized and Introduced the WSH (Noise) Regs
•NIDPP Educational Posters
•Revised HCP
•TA for work in noisy environment
•Compliance assistance checklist
•‘Music to my ears’ - Launch of NIDPP
as national OH programme
•Technical Seminar for HCP
implementation for workplaces
•Dormitory road shows
•MOM internal training and capability
building
•WiNE Probe for 200 workplaces in the
metalworking, shipbuilding /ship-
repairing and construction sectors
•Fact sheet on
‘Noise Control in
Entertainment
Outlets’
•Metal working
forum (present)
•Landscape safety
(present)
•Common Noise
controls (bulletin)
•Worker’s
newsletters (article)
•Review NMO and
NCO course
•66 workplaces ID
with high noise
•Noise Survey (300
companies replied
with self
assessment)
•HCP guidelines for
Workplace Health
Kit for metal
working industries.
•Managing Noise
Risks for the
Entertainment
Industry
•WSHC’s outreach
platforms
•Research into
control measures
for common noisy
processes
•Pilot trial utilizing
CPs on 350 WPs
with potential noise
hazards
•Review HCP
Guidelines to align
with new regs
•NIDPP Webpage
on iWSH portal
•Technical seminar
in collaboration with
WSH Council
•Introduce changes
to new regulations
•Review 5 years of
NIDPP
•Noise controls for
industries invited
•Follow up on
previous screening
•Screening another
300 WPs for potential
noise hazards
utilizing CPs
© 2012 Government of Singapore 12
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Hearing Conservation Programme Guidelines (2012)
Noise Monitoring
Noise Control
Hearing Protectors
Training & Education
Audiometric Examination
© 2012 Government of Singapore 13
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Legal Requirements
• WSH(Noise) Regulations 1st September 2011
• All workplaces are to
– Identify their noise hazards
– Control noise at workplace if noise is above PEL
– Provide hearing protectors as an interim measure
– Training for workers to understand the hazards they are exposed to
• WSH (Medical Examinations) Regulations
– Audiometric Examinations for all affected workers
© 2012 Government of Singapore 14
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
What is Excessive Noise? • Noise Regulation 2(2)
– A person shall be deemed to be exposed to excessive noise where the noise he would be exposed to, if he was not wearing any hearing protector, exceeds equivalent sound pressure level of 85 dB(A) over an 8-hour workday (PEL)
© 2012 Government of Singapore 15
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Permissible Exposure Limit
Sound Pressure Level (dBA) Maximum Duration (hrs)
82 16
83 12 ¾
85 8
88 4
91 2
94 1
97 ½
100 ¼
103 7 ½ mins
106 4 mins
109 2 mins
112 <1 min
120-140 <10 sec
No exposure to above 140 dB is allowed Factories (Noise) Regulations, First Schedule
Exchange Rate = 3dB
© 2012 Government of Singapore 16
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
HCP Element 1 Identification of Noise Hazard and
Evaluating Risk
Noise Monitoring
Noise Control
Hearing Protectors
Training & Education
Audiometric Examination
© 2012 Government of Singapore 17
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Identification of Noise Hazards • Ascertain if there is presence of excessive noise at
the workplace – Qualitative Identification (Checklist / Site visits) – Quantitative Identification (Noise Monitoring)
• Conduct Risk Assessment, based on identification
results, and evaluate the risk involved
• If more than 10 workers are likely to be exposed to excessive noise, the company must conduct noise monitoring and submit the results to Commissioner, OSHD – once every 3 years – any change in conditions
© 2012 Government of Singapore 18
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
New Noise Monitoring Report Guidelines • Annex B of Hearing Conservation Programme
Guidelines (2012)
• A quick summary of the changes – Move from area-based monitoring to combination of
area and personal monitoring – Noise Monitoring Officers will conduct a HCP
implementation check and include in the Noise Monitoring Report
• Benefits
– Occupiers knows the gaps in HCP implementation and how to rectify them
– Align report requirements for easier e-submission
© 2012 Government of Singapore 19
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
HCP Element 2 Noise Control
Noise Monitoring
Noise Control
Hearing Protectors
Training & Education
Audiometric Examination
© 2012 Government of Singapore 20
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Noise Control • Based on Noise Monitoring Report
– Prioritize control based on evaluated risk – Implement practicable measures to control noise
• Controls can be done:
– At Source – Along the Pathway – At Receiver
• Hierarchy of Control – Substitution – Engineering Control – Administrative Control – Personal Protective Equipment
© 2012 Government of Singapore 21
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Noise Control • Workplaces with noise issues can appoint a
Noise Control Officer
– Provides sustainable long term and short term noise control plans
– Mandatory for workplaces for more than 50 workers exposed
• CP 99 (2003) : CP for Industrial Noise Control
© 2012 Government of Singapore 22
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Noise Control Plans • Endorsed by management
• Based on SMART Objectives
Specific
Measure
Achieve Realistic
Time
© 2012 Government of Singapore 23
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Noise Control Plans • Some good practices
– Consider noise emission levels during selection / procurement of machines
– Involve employees exposed to noise hazards in the development of control measure
– Perform noise monitoring to evaluate control measures post-implementation
– Establish maintenance programme to ensure noise control measures remain effective
– Communicate proper use of the noise control measures to employees
© 2012 Government of Singapore 24
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
HCP Element 3 Hearing Protectors
Noise Monitoring
Noise Control
Hearing Protectors
Training & Education
Audiometric Examination
© 2012 Government of Singapore 25
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Hearing Protectors • Employers must provide employees working in
noisy environment with hearing protectors
• Serves as interim measure while implementing engineering or administrative controls
• Employers must also ensure that hearing protectors are issued, used and maintained.
• SS549:2009 : Selection, Use, Care and Maintenance of Hearing Protectors
© 2012 Government of Singapore 26
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Hearing Protectors
Levels ≤ 100 dBA
Levels ≥ 100 dBA
© 2012 Government of Singapore 27
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Warning Signs
• Post signs at all entrances to or at the periphery of all noisy area
• Serves as a constant reminder for workers to put on hearing protectors
© 2012 Government of Singapore 28
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
HCP Element 4 Training and Education
Noise Monitoring
Noise Control
Hearing Protectors
Training & Education
Audiometric Examination
© 2012 Government of Singapore 29
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Training and Education • Aim to increase awareness of noise hazard,
and need for hearing protection
• Training must be conducted for all exposed persons at least once every 12 months
• For new employees, within 3 months of employment
© 2012 Government of Singapore 30
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Topics for Training • Topics for training shall include :
– Provisions of the Act and Regulations
– Effects of noise on hearing
– Purpose of hearing protectors & their selection, fitting & care
– Purpose & procedures of hearing test
© 2012 Government of Singapore 31
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
HCP Element 5 Audiometric Examination
Noise Monitoring
Noise Control
Hearing Protectors
Training & Education
Audiometric Examination
© 2012 Government of Singapore 32
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Audiometric Examinations • Help detect early signs of hearing loss
• Audiometric examinations must be conducted
– within 3 months of commencement of work (for new employees)
– annually for all workers exposed to excessive noise
• Must be conducted by a Designated Workplace Doctor
• Employees should not be exposed to loud noise for at least
16 hours before the audiometric examination.
• NID is a reportable occupational disease. All cases of NID must be reported via iReport.
• Results must be communicated to employees
© 2012 Government of Singapore 33
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
IN-PLANT HEARING CONSERVATION
PROGRAMME
© 2012 Government of Singapore 34
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Recent Enforcement Activities • 717 workplaces assessed over the past 3 years
– Screening Exercise 2010 & 2012
– Operations Canary 2011
• Workplaces assessed for compliance to Hearing Conservation Programme (HCP)
• Industries Selected – Metalworking
– Marine
– Manufacturer of Chemicals
© 2012 Government of Singapore 35
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Key Elements of in-plant HCP
1 Noise Monitoring must be conducted once every 3 years if more than 10 workers are exposed to excessive noise
2
Noise Control Officer must be appointed to advise on Noise Control solutions if more than 50 workers are exposed to excessive noise
3 PPE must be provided and used during the interim
4 Workers are warned of the hazards involved and the precautionary measures to be taken via training
5 Workers undergo annual audiometric examinations
© 2012 Government of Singapore 36
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Results of Enforcement – Overall
7% 4%
89%
Screening Exercise
Full Compliance Zero Compliance
Partial Compliance
74%
0%
26%
Operations Canary
Full Compliance Zero Compliance
Partial Compliance
© 2012 Government of Singapore 37
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Results of Enforcement – Breakdown by industry
100%
0% 0%
Operations Canary (Chemicals)
63% 0%
37%
Operations Canary (Metalworking)
62% 0%
38%
Operations Canary (Marine)
61% 9%
30%
Screening Exercises (Chemicals)
33%
2% 65%
Screening Exercises (Metalworking)
26% 0%
74%
Screening Exercises (Marine)
© 2012 Government of Singapore 38
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Overall Compliance to HCP Elements
87%
47% 47% 42%
26%
Provides PPE Audiometric Examination
Worker's Training Noise Monitoring Report
Noise Control Officer
Complied Not Complied
© 2012 Government of Singapore 39
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Summary of Enforcement Exercise • Noise can be better managed at workplaces
– Less than half implements the full hearing conservation programme
– 75% of workplaces do not have a NCO to provide noise control solutions
– 58% of workplaces do not regularly monitor their noise levels
– 53% of workplaces do not send their workers for audiometric examinations which helps detect early NID
– 90% of workplaces rely on PPE to control noise exposures to workers
© 2012 Government of Singapore 40
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Way Forward • Gazette CP 99 as Approved Code of Practice
• Enlarge the number of workplaces placed under surveillance
• Extend enforcement efforts
• Labelling of noisy machines
• Identify best practices in noise controls
• All noisy workplaces to implement RM and full HCP
© 2012 Government of Singapore 41
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Useful Resources • Ministry of Manpower Website (rec & inno
scheme) – www.mom.gov.sg – Search for “Noise Regulations” – Search for “Tax Incentives Scheme for Noise Control”
• WSH Council’s NID webpage
– http://www.wshc.sg/nid
• Singapore Standards e-shop – http://www.singaporestandardseshop.sg/Product/Ho
me.aspx – Search for “SS549” – Search for “CP99”
© 2012 Government of Singapore 42
A Great Workforce A Great Workplace
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