developing a fulldome standard: a historical perspective for success
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Developing a Fulldome Standard:A Historical Perspective for Success
Jim Costigan & Blair Parkin
Visual Acuity, Ltd.
Standards that have stood the test of time
Heliopolis Obelisk, Cairo, Egypt http://www.istcomprsarto.it/ipertesti/astronomia/merkhet.htm
CAVE Displays
Spatial Standards
A way to define the space in such a way that software could be added as a plug and play.
This is a function of the software and providing a common definition of the physical space.
Problems of Definition
Create a physical space and map a virtual space to it
-where is 0,0,0?
-what is the unit of measure
CAVE Displays
ImmersaDesk™
Avatars & Networking
Reality Centre
Dome
Test Patterns
Centered on a physical location
-CAVE test patterns moved from center of the cave to center of the floor
Multiple test patterns to perform multiple functions
→ Alignment (CRT only?)
→ Scaled registration
→ Sub system test patterns (audience response, navigation, tracking)
→ Residual Error (specific for a projector / bend system)
→ Black Balance / Color balance
→ Users guide with test patterns so that non-engineers can correctly define issues
Test Patterns
The IMAX Example
IMAX Corporation
(90)
(80)
(70)
(60)
(50)
(40)
(30)
(20)
(10)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Mar
'04
Dec
'03
Sep
'03
Jun
'03
Mar
'03
Dec
'02
Sep
'02
Jun
'02
Mar
'02
Dec
'01
Sep
'01
Jun
'01
Mar
'01
Dec
'00
Sep
'00
Qtr ending
($m
's)
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
Source: SEC filings for IMAX Corporation (NASDAQ: IMAX)
Th
eatr
es (
Inst
alle
d B
ase)
Revenue
Profit before tax
No. of theatres
DVD Format
Movie Retail Revenues, US Mkt
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
2000 2001 2002 2003 (est.)
Year end 31 Dec
% of movie retail revenues
DVD
VHS
Source: The VHS Statistical Report, 14th Ed.
HDTV Television Standards
Advanced Television Systems Committee
Joint Committee on InterSociety Coordination (JCIC)
Electronic Industries Association (EIA
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
National Association of Broadcasters (NAB)
National Cable Television Association (NCTA)
Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE)
Currently 140 voting member organizations
Interactive Television
Cable Operators …………………………………………...OCAP
Broadcasters ……………………………………………….DASE
Others…………………………………………………….....MHP
Others……………………………………………………….GEM
ACAP……………………………………Advanced Common Application Platform
Courtesy of the Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB), Japan
Estimated Television Ownership in the US for 2000
100,800,000
98% of all households
Standards
It is very easy to have a technical success and a market failure.
If the standard is not supported it doesn’t matter.
The users speak…..
“Vendors who want to play seriously stand behind their products to help customise the solution and provide good customer service for a lasting relationship. Our project needs stable partners with upgradeable technology.”
“Symbiosis is not working well, but there is no reason for this other than the lack of industry standards. The viewing public would be best served, and so would industry, if greater efforts were made to respond to our needs.”
“The one area of this institution that does not need biodiversity is the technology”
“Exchange of knowledge, means exchange of content.”
Format
Format noun the way in which something is arranged or set out:
The medium in which a sound recording is made available:
Computing a defined structure for the processing, storage, or display of data: a data file in binary format.
Framework
Framework noun an essential supporting structure of a building, vehicle, or object: a conservatory I a delicate framework of iron
A basic structure underlying a system concept, or text
Guideline
Guideline noun a general rule, principle, or piece of advice.
ISO
ISO International Organisation for Standardization.
- ORIGIN from Greek isos ‘equal’; the term is often erroneously thought to be an abbreviation.
Standard
Standard noun 1 a level of quality or attainment:
A required or agreed level of quality or attainment:
2 an idea or thing used as a measure, norm or model in comparative evaluations:
adjective 1 used or accepted as normal or average:
(of a size, measure, design, etc ) such as is regularly used or produced:
Care required – do we mean noun or adjective!
Assumptions
•Standards are critical•Methodology is a means to an end•Standards can shape the market place•Good Standards do not inhibit innovation•There are competitive issues involved in standards•Standards reflect the culture
What is needed
•Standards•Formats•Guidelines•Recommended Practices•Common Nomenclature
A suggestion ….
Standard Format Guideline Framework
Theater design
Display Resolution / FOV
Content exchange
Audio
Render / Frame Resolution
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