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International E&E standards trends and challenges including SDGs and Society 5.0
Dr. Yoshiaki Ichikawa, IEC ACEA member and ISO TC 268 SC1 Chairman, Former Chairman of IEC TC 111 Visiting Prof. Tama University Research Center for Rule Making Strategy, International Standardization Promotion Office, Hitachi, Ltd.
1 1
Business Ecosystem
Business Model We Need to Pursue
Provide services to solve social issues
Own unique technology Customer
Return
Conventional
Your company
Partners
Regulators
Funders
NGOs
Other Stakeholders
Rule
High return
2 2
Case of Amazon.com (from annual reports)
2005 2017
Net sales (B$)
3 3
Ecosystem Mechanism
Actor A Actor B
Actor C
Actor D
Actor F
Foster
Foster Foster
Foster
Foster
Foster
Foster Foster
Foster
Foster
4 4
The Scale-up Model of The Ecosystem
mB
Actor B
E.g. Customers
mA
Actor A
E.g. Providers
Ecosystem
Δ𝒎𝒎𝑨𝑨 ∝ 𝒎𝒎𝑩𝑩 Δ𝒎𝒎𝑩𝑩 ∝ 𝒎𝒎𝑨𝑨 and
Δ𝒎𝒎B
Δ𝒎𝒎𝑨𝑨
5 5
mA
t
Exponential growth
Attractiveness of B Attractiveness of A
6 6
Case of Amazon.com (from annual reports)
with R2 = 0.99 Net sales (B$)
2005 2017
7 7
Multi-connected Ecosystem
Actor B
Actor C
Actor A
Ecosystem
Actor Z
8 8
9 9
Reference Document
"Rules" to Design an Ecosystem
11 11
"Rules", Critical Element for Establishing Ecosystem
1. Business ecosystem needs a common agreement which promises shard benefits for all members, i.e., rules.
2. For the business ecosystem featured by "Scale trumps differentiation" principle, blue ocean with no competitors is always to be attempted.
3. New rule will make a blue ocean.
12
Red Ocean
14 All Rights Reserved Copyrights C 2016 Hitachi, Ltd.
Six principles for International Standard Body
Purpose is to promote trade
Technical Barrier to Trade Treaty Government Procurement Treaty
National Standard has to be in accordance with International Standard
Laws Procurement
Principles for IS bodies (i) Transparency (iv) Effectiveness/relevance (ii) Openness (v) Coherence (iii) Impartiality (vi) Development Dimension
ISO
IEC
ITU
15 15
Conventional Areas of Standardization U
pstre
am o
f soc
ial d
eman
d
Performance Protocols Technical Standards
Social issues
National projects
Operator needs
Metrics (KPI)
Products
Services
16 16
Rule-making
Standards
Promising Areas of Standardization
Approach to solve issues
Systems of systems
Service Standards
Ups
tream
of s
ocia
l dem
and Social issues
National projects
Operator needs
Metrics (KPI)
Products
Services
17 17
Collaboration and Complementarity Principle Building Block Approach
Social System TC (Open Platform) Standards to be developed
IEC TC XY made ISO TC XX made
ITU-T SG XZ made JTC1 SC ZZ made
Gap to Address
Gap to Address
Gap to Addresses
Gap to Address
Liaison or Joint Work
Liaison or Joint Work
Liaison or Joint Work
Consultation first between relevant Committee. Depending on the result, set up Liaisons (one way/two way) and/or JWG
A Case of Standardization ─ Environmental Standard in IEC TC 111
19
Three Major Standardisation Bodies and Environmental TCs
SG 5
International Telecommunication Union
ISO TC 207
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
TC 111
ITU Environmental
Focus
International Standard Organization
20
ISO
IEC
ITU
ISO TC207
IEC TC111
JWG ECD
The first model case in Environmental Focus... Develop ISO/IEC double logo standard
- Added value - Collaboration - Integrated generic concept - Promote supply chain connectivity
Create successful joint work
21
Outline of IEC TC 111
Established: October, 2004 Title: Environmental Standardization for Electrical
and Electronic Products and Systems Officers
- Chairman: Yoshiaki Ichikawa (Japan) - Secretary: Andrea Legnani (Italy) - Technical Officer: Matei Cocimarov (IEC)
■ Last plenary meeting: 2017-10-13, Vladivostok, Russia ■ Next plenary meeting: 2018-10-26, Busan, Korea
Focus is on Environmental Standards that span the electrotechnical industry
22
Scope of IEC TC111
Standardization of environmental aspects concerning: To prepare the necessary guidelines, basic and horizontal
standards, including technical reports, in the environmental area, in close cooperation with product committees of IEC, which remain autonomous in dealing with the environmental aspects relevant to their products;
To liaise with product committees in the elaboration of environmental requirements of product standards in order to foster common technical approaches and solutions for similar problems and thus assure consistency in IEC standards;
To liaise with ACEA and ISO/TC 207; To monitor closely the corresponding regional standardization
activities worldwide in order to become a focal point for discussions concerning standardization;
EMC and EMF aspects are excluded from the scope.
23
IEC TC111 Meetings
May 2005 Milan Oct 2005 Cape Town
Oct 2007 Paris
Mar 2007 Tokyo Jun 2006 Redmond
Oct 2008 Jeju Oct 2009 Tel Aviv
Oct 2010 Seattle Oct 2011 Melbourne Oct 2012 Fortaleza
Nov 2013 Shenzhen Nov 2014 Tokyo Nov 2015 KISTA Nov 2016 Frankfurt
Nov 2017 Vladivostok
24
Membership of IEC TC111
Members (37) P-members: AU, BE, CZ, CN, DE, ES, DK, GB, FR, FI, IT, KR, TH, SE,
IN, NO, MX, MY, NL, CA, JP, IE, EG, BR, US (25) O-Members: AT, SK, PK, RU, SI, IL, RO, PL, CH, SG, ZA, BY (12) Outside IEC liaisons: ISO/TC207, ISO/TC61 (Plastics), ECMA,
ISO/TC268/SC1 (Smart Community Infra.), JTC1/SC39 Internal liaisons: TC1, SC3D, SC22H, TC47, TC59, SC62A, SC65B,
SC 86A, TC91, TC94, TC96, TC100, TC107, TC108, TC110, TC113, SC121A
25
Structure / Activity of IEC TC 111
AHG :Terminology
WG1: Material Declaration
WG3: Test Procedures for Regulated Hazardous Substances: PTs on -3-2 Ed.2, -3-3 Ed.1, -9 Ed.1, -10 Ed.1
PT 62476: Guidance for Evaluation of Product with Respect to Substance Use Restrictions
ISO/IEC JWG 62959: Environmentally Conscious Design
IEC 62474 Ed.1.0 IEC TR62474-1 Ed. 1.0
IEC 62321-1...8 Ed1.0
IEC TR 62476 Ed.1.0
IEC 62542 Ed.1.0 included in IEV
WG4: Green House Gases
VT 62474: DB for Material Declaration
Disbanded after publication
IEC TR 62725 Ed.1.0/ IEC TR 62726 Ed.1.0
PT 01: Env. Performance Criteria
TF: SBP
PT 62824: Material Efficiency Guidance for ECD
PT 62635/62650: Recyclability IEC TR 62635 Ed.1.0
PT 63000: Technical documentation for the assessment of electrical and electronic products with respect to the restriction of hazardous substances
MT 62474: Material Declaration
IEC 62430 Ed.1.0
IEC TR 62824 Ed.1.0
26
Relationships of Environmental Issues and IEC TC111 Projects
Climate change
Resource efficiency
Health
Basic environmental issues
TC111 standards & activities
Eco-design
Hazardous chemicals management
Energy and GHG
Current highlighted agenda for
EE industries
Material efficiency - Water - Rare metal - Fossil fuel
- Toxic chemicals - Emission
- Green house gas
IEC/VT 62474: Material declaration
IEC 62430, JWG: Env. Cons. Design
IEC 62321: Substances test
IEC TR 62476: Restr. Sub. Guidance
IEC TR 62635: Recycling Rate
Laws & Regulations
IEC TR 62725/26: GHG
IEC TR 62824: Material Eff.
IEC 63000: Technical Document
PT01: Env. performance criteria
27
IEC/ISO JWG “ECD” 62959 Environmental Conscious Design (ECD) - Principles, requirements and guidance
Title: Environmental Conscious Design (ECD) - Principles, requirements and guidance
Convenors: Shu Yamada (Japan), and Daniel Trillos (Colombia) Objective: Joint standard for ECD (together with ISO TC207) to expand the
scope to non-EEE sectors Additional guidance areas for ECD to be considered Progress: IEC 62430 Ed.1.0 (June, 2009) Develop NWIP for revision for the double logo standard of IEC/ISO (November, 2013) NWIP Voting - IEC TC 111: March 28- July 4, 2014 Approved - ISO TC 207: June 6 –September 5, 2014 Approved CD2 Voting - June 30, 2017 Approved CDV(DIS) was circulated
28
Great contribution to JWG ECD by
international experts incl. China
29
There are various terms that are used to describe the process associated with the minimisation of the environmental effects of a product throughout its life cycle. The goal of “ECD” is the reduction of adverse environmental impacts of a product throughout its entire life cycle.
This standard uses the term “ECD” as a synonym for these other term
What is the term “ECD” ?
30
INTRODUCTION 1. Scope 2. Normative reference 3. Terms and definitions 4. Principles of environmentally conscious design (ECD)
4.1 General 4.2 Life cycle thinking 4.3 Integration of ECD into the management strategy of an organization
Principles
Developing standard - Contents (CD2)
31
5. Requirements of environmentally conscious design (ECD) 5.1 General 5.2 Analysis of stakeholder requirements 5.3 Identification and evaluation of environmental aspects 5.4 Incorporation of ECD into design and development 5.5 ECD Review 5.5.1 Process review 5.5.2 Design review 5.5.3 Documented information of reviews 5.6 Information exchange
Requirements
Developing standard - Contents (CD2)
32
6. Guidance on implementing environmentally conscious design (ECD)
6.1 General 6.2 Analysis of stakeholder requirements 6.3 Identification and evaluation of environmental aspects 6.4 Incorporation of ECD into design and development 6.5 ECD Review 6.6 Information exchange
Guidance
Developing standard - Contents (CD2)
33
Requirements on Information Exchange 5.6 Information exchange As part of the ECD, the organization shall exchange information with other parties in the value chain to achieve its objective. If the information from the value chain is not available the organization shall take other measures to obtain the required information. Information exchange for cooperation among parties involved should start as early as possible in the ECD. Information to be exchanged may include: a) resources used; b) emissions and waste generated by the product; c) guidance to achieve or improve environmental performance; d) end of life considerations (e.g. recyclability); and e) environmental labels and declarations.
34
Goods and Service are Both Addressed
35
Information Exchange Concept
Information exchange and collaboration
Value Chain
Value Chain
Upstream supplier
Middle stream supplier
Final product or service provider
Downstream users
incl. recyclers
A Case of Systems of Systems ─ Smart Cities in ISO TC 268 SC1
37 37
We Address Smart City as "A System of Systems"
Smart community infrastructures
Water
Energy
Waste management
Transportation
ICT (Solar panels)
38 38
Smart Community Infrastructures
39 39
Members of ISO/TC 268/SC 1
Austria, Canada, China, Chile, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, India, Iran, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Ukraine, UK, US
Argentina, Brazil, Czech, Egypt, Finland, Malaysia, Poland, Singapore, Switzerland,, Turkey, UAE
40 40
Background: Why infrastructure ?
Community infrastructure is essential to solve societal problems Economic growth is effective and essential to solve societal problems
including poverty, pollution, public hygiene, etc.
Fundamental community infrastructures including energy, water, transportation, waste-management and ICT are essential to achieve economic growth.
Urban congestion causes diverse societal problems.
Poverty
Pollution
Public hygiene
Crime
Traffic congestion
Noise
41 41
ISO 37151 3.3 smart community infrastructure
community infrastructure with enhanced technological performance that is designed, operated and maintained to contribute to sustainable development and resilience of the community
Note 1: It is the infrastructure that is considered to be “smart” in this standard and not the community.
Note 2: Sustainable development tends to require community infrastructures that meet multiple, often contradictory, needs at the same time.
Note 3: ICT is an enabler but not a precondition for achieving smart community infrastructures.
Definition of Smart Community Infrastructure
42 42
ISO/TC 268 “Sustainable
development in communities”
Structure of ISO/TC 268/SC 1
ISO/TC 268/SC 1 “Smart community
infrastructures”
WG 1 “Infrastructure
metrics”
WG 2 “Integration and
interaction framework”
TG 1 “Roadmap”
TG 2 “Road Testing”
WG 3 “Smart
transportation”
WG 4 “Data exchange and
sharing”
WG 5 “Power Plant”
43 43
ISO TS 37151
44 44
ISO/TS 37151:2015 – 14 categories of needs
• The following 14 categories of needs are the minimum set of issues to be considered in the selection of performance metrics
45 45
Summary of Deliverables, Ongoing Projects
• Projects for all types of community infrastructure ISO/TR 37150 "Review of existing activities relevant to metrics" ISO/TS 37151 "Principles and requirements for metrics" ISO 37153 "Maturity model for assessment and improvement" ISO/TR 37152 “Common framework for development & operation” ISO 37155 "Opportunities and challenges from interactions"
• Projects for specific type of community infrastructures ISO 37154 “Best practice guidelines for transportation” ISO 37156 "Guidelines on Data Exchange and Sharing" ISO 37157 "Smart transportation for compact cities" ISO 37158 "Battery-powered bus transportation systems" ISO 37159 "Rapid transit in/between city zones and surrounding areas" ISO 37160 "Measurement method for quality of thermal power station"
46 46
Providers
Standards Trigger Creating Business Ecosystem
Motivation and Competition Needs & Certification
Standards
Foster
Foster Cities
Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0
48 48
Look back ToC (Theory of constraint) (1)
Max 1000/day Max 800/day Max 1200/day Max 1000/day
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Herbie_in_a_queue.png
49 49
Look back ToC (Theory of constraint) (2)
Digital Communication Network (IoT)
50 50
Industry 4.0 and Connected Industries
Like a TOC (Theory of Constraint) expanded worldwide
Improve total throughput
Connected Industry
51 51
Society 5.0
52 52
The Purpose of Society 5.0
Source: Cabinet Office Japan
53 53
Sustainable Development Goals Adopted by UN
54 54
SDGs and Business Source: Better Business, Better World, Business & Sustainable Development Commission
55 55
Society 5.0 as An Ecosystem
Cross-sectoral Innovation Facilitation Platform
Data Platform
Autonomous Driving
Social Issues
Contribute
Society 5.0
Construction Disaster Mgm
Data Platform
Agriculture
Data Platform
Manufacture
Data Platform
Health/ Medical
Data Platform
Increase Increase Increase Increase
56 56
Activities in Keidanren, Japan
Source: SHIROISHI, et al., “Society 5.0: For Human Security and Well-Being”. IEEE Computer, vol 51, no. 7 IEEE Computer Society, July 2018
57 57
What is Innovation
Novel Combination of (Existing) Different Technologies, Services and Products
58 58
Society 5.0 for Business Ecosystem ─ Like A Catalyst
Reaction progress
Pote
ntia
l Ene
rgy Activation energies
With catalyst
Without catalyst
59
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