phsautomotivesalsphsautomotivesals autoshop tools

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AUTOSHOP TOOLS

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TOOLS- What brand should I buy?

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Tool Material- high strength alloy steel, should be light and easy to use in tight quarters, not a bulky tool, slim and properly designed

for your hand.

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• Quality Tools are heated treated.

• Machine to a close tolerance.

• A 3/4 opening is a 3/4.

• Sharp edges are removed.

• Tools are polished

• Good lifetime guarantee.

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In buying tools you get what you pay for

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Tips to Remember• 1. KEEP YOUR TOOLS CLEAN• 2. Separate cutting tools• 3. Lightly oil any tool that might rust• 4. Delicate measuring tools- keep in protective

containers, such as micrometers etc.• 5. Mark your tools with Drivers license.

Put Name & license Number on all tools

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Major brands of Quality hand tools: Snap On, Craftsman, S-K Wayne, Matco, Mac, Proto, Master Mechanic

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When working in the shop

• Always wear safety glasses or a full face shield

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Screw drivers

• Flat blade - conventional - blade should fit slot snug and be the same width

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Screw drivers

• Phillips # 0, 1, 2, 3, 4

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Screw drivers

• Reed and Prince

• clutch

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• Pozidrive

• Allen or Hex tip

Screw drivers

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• Scurlox or Square Drive

• Torx

Screw drivers

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• Tamper Proof Torx

Screw drivers

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• Tamper Proof Allen

Screw drivers

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• Offset

Screw drivers

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• Screwdrivers are classed in size of shank such as 3/16, 1/4, 5/16, and length of shank such as 2", 4", 6". Some manufactures take length of shank and handle. Normally just the shank is measured.

Screw drivers

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• Handles come in different shapes to get better torque on screw

Stubby Screw drivers

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• Some shanks are square so you may apply a wrench

• Don't misuse you screwdrivers by prying and beating on them

• If you must, have a couple of old beat up ones in your tool box

• If holding small object in hand do not run screwdriver through hand

• Screwdriver handles are not insulated

Screw drivers

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Pliers

• Combination slip joint pliers

• Diagonal side cutters

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Pliers

• Needle nose

• Channel lock or Arc joint (Sears) Snap-on calls them Adjustable Joint

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Pliers

• Linesmen

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Pliers• Locking Pliers or

Vise grips (Brand Name)

• Needle nose Locking Pliers

• Lock ring

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Pliers

• Locking C-Clamp

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Pliers

• Snap ring - internal external

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Pliers

• Spark Plug boot pliers

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Pliers

• Brake pliers

• Hose clamp pliers

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Pliers

• Robo Grip

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Pliers

• Pinch off hose pliers

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Pliers

• Battery pliers

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Pliers

• Battery spreaders

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Pliers

• Wire Strippers and Crimpers

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Hose Grip Pliers

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Punches & Chisels

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Punches

• Aligning punch sometimes called a Long Taper or Line up

• Center punch - use before drilling or to mark metal

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Punches

• Starting punch has a short tapered end

• Drift or Pin punch same size shaft

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Punches

• To sharpen or true Punches and chisels:

• Hold at proper angles and dip often in water, DO NOT let them turn blue

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Punch and Chisel Holder

• Use this so you don’t hit your hand. It does not feel good.

• Thanks Sears for the picture

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Brass Drift Punch Set

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Chisels• Flat Cold chisel: most

common, safety glasses should be worn, make sure cutting edge is sharp. Striking surface or top of chisel should not be mushroomed, it should be smooth with a slight taper.

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Mushroomed chisels

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Hammers

• Claw Hammer - this is Auto shop not Wood shop

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Hammers - Dead blow

• Dead blow - shot filled, plastic coating

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Hammers - Ball Peen

• Ball Peen - most common General purpose head may weigh 4 oz to several lbs

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Hammers - Rubber Mallet

• Rubber Mallet

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Hammers

• Plastic Tipped - with replaceable tips

• Brass Hammer

• Plastic Tipped

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Tips on Hammer use• 1. Strike face of hammer head squarely• 2. Make sure head is secure on hammer handle

(Hammer Head is wedged on in both directions)

• 3. Never swing hammer in the direction that someone is standing

• 4. Keep handle clean and dry, is handle cracked or broken.

• 5. Use the proper size hammer for the job.

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Wrenches• Wrenches are a way to remove and replace bolts

etc but they are slow use as a last resort you should use air tools or ratchets if at all possible

• (Remember, pull with a wrench you have better control, if you do push, push with palm open.)

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open end

• size is determined by width of opening, end is usually offset 15 degrees, each end is a different size

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• End is totally enclosed in 6 or 12 point openings. Can be double offset or box offset 15 degrees for clearance for hand.

• Comes in different lengths, each end is a different size, good wrench for breaking loose tight bolts

Box end Wrench

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Offset Box end Wrench

Thanks Sears for the picture

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Combination Wrench

• One end open, one end boxed both the same size can be different lengths

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Combination & Box End Wrench

• Boxed ends can be either 6 or 12 point.

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Tubing Wrench - flare nut

• Box type wrench with section cut away. One end sometimes might be open like a combination wrench. Make sure you buy 6pt. – (12pt. are no good they will slip)

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Ratcheting Wrenches

Box end

GearWrench Flex Head Ratcheting Wrench

GearWrench® Combination Wrench

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Ratcheting Wrenches

S Reversible GearWrench Ratcheting Wrench

•Half Moon ReversibleGearWrench®

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Adjustable open end Wrench• Not a replacement for all other wrenches,

discuss proper use, tends to slip. Adjust jaws firmly. Try to always use the correct size wrench. Should only put pressure on the fixed jaw. Also know as a Crescent Wrench.

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Adjustable open end Wrench

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Ignition Wrench

• one end open, one end boxed or both ends open different size at each end

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Distributor wrenches

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Sockets• Sockets come in many sizes with different

openings. 6 pt. & 12 pt. Are the most common

• 8 pt or double square are used on square nuts. Square (4 sided) sockets are also used in special applications

6 point 8 point 12 point

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Drive size common to Automotive are 1/4, 3/8, 1/2, 3/4 - square hole

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• Shallow or Regular size chrome and Impact

Sockets

• deep sockets chrome and Impact

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• Swivel sockets Regular Impact

Swivel Sockets

The socket is attached to the Universal joint

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• extensions

• universal joint – No socket attached

Impact Standard

Sockets

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crowfoot

Crowfoot Sockets

Crowfoot Flare Nut

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• Used to torque down lug nuts to the proper torque when using a impact wrench. The larger the shaft the more torque it will carry.

Torque Stix

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• Look up on the chart for your make and model or if you know the torque look on the chart and find the right torque stix

Torque Stix

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Socket handles

• ratchet - short and long

Swivel Ratchet

½ inch Ratchet

½ inch Long Handle Ratchet

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Socket handles

• speed handle - and swivel speed handle

• flex handle or breaker bar long and short

• sliding T bar

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Socket handles

• Nutdrivers

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Socket handles

• Spinner Handle

Need to add a socket

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Torque wrenches

• beam

• Dial type sometimes referred to as a Micrometer type

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Torque wrenches

Digital

Click style

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Torque wrenches

Split beam torque wrench

Do not torque left hand bolts with this one

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Torque wrenches• Come in inch lbs and foot lbs

• Always look up tightening sequence

• Always look up the amount of Torque

• If large number divide the torque into smaller amounts and torque in steps.

• Pull with a steady pull, do not jerk

• Make sure threads are clean

• Remember that it takes more force to start a fastener then to keep it turning.

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Hack saws• Used to cut metal

• Blade length 8, 10, 12,

• Semi-flexible blades, High speed blades.

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Hack sawsClose quarter Hack saw

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• Teeth per inch (T.P.I.)

• Need at least two teeth on metal

• 14 T.P.I. Large pieces of soft steel

• 18 T.P.I Large pieces of hard tool steel

• 24 T.P.I. Cooper brass, Light angle Iron Tubing, sheet metal

• 32 T.P.I. Thin sheet metal and thin tubing

• Teeth on hack saw go forward

• Learn how to properly hold the hacksaw

Hack saws Blades

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Hack saws Blades

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Hole saw

• Used to cut round holes in thin metal or wood or plastic

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Files

• Single cut - Smooth - fine work

• Double cut - coarse, for faster cut

• Bastard - real coarse

• The number of cuts and the size of the cuts determines the coarseness of the file

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Files

• Single cut - rows of teeth run in one direction

• Double cut - teeth run at an angle to each other

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Shapes of files

• flat, square, round or rat tail, half round, knife edge, 3-square or triangular, point file

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• Use a coarse file for soft metal, it prevents clogging

• Use a file card or wire brush to clean a file

• Use chalk to get rid of oil on a file

• Always use a file handle

Files

File Card

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Rotary files

• good for blind holes

• where a lot of material must be removed

• wear safety glasses

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Gasket Scrapers/Cleanup tools• putty knifes

• Gasket scrapers

• razor blades (not shown)

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Pick up tools

Heavy dutyTelescopingMagnetic Pick up tool

TelescopingMagnet

Flexible FingersPick up tool

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Tin snips / Straight Tinner Snips

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Offset model aviation snips

Left cut model - for cutting straight and tight left curves Right cut model - for cutting straight and tight right curves Straight cut model - for cutting straight and mild curves both left and right

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Telescoping Rectangle Inspection Mirror /and other shapes

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Tri-Square

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Combination Square

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Twist Drills

• Fractional inch size 1/16,1/4, 3/8, 7/16, ½• Letter Size A-Z• Number Size 1-80

• Left hand drill bits cut when going in Reverse

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Twist Drills

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Twist Drills

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Twist Drills

• Shanks - straight • - turned down • - tapered • Types of materials

- carbon steel – Cheap drill bit - high speed steel (HSS) better - Titanium & Cobalt best

• Twist Drill must be sharp

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Drills

• Common sizes 1/4, 3/8, ½ refers to size of chuck or how big of drill bit it will hold.

• Center punch your work,

• use cutting oil except on sheet metal and cast iron.

• Corded and cordless

• Some have keyless chucks

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Drills

Close Quarter Drill, Variable Speed

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Drills Keyless chuck

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Safety Hints• 1. Firm grip on the drill

• 2. Unplug drill before removing or installing drill bit

• 3. Don't wear loose clothing

• 4. Secure the work firmly

• 5. Wear safety glasses

• 6. Make sure drill is properly grounded

• 7. Do not stand on wet surface when using power tools

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Reamers• Used to enlarge or shape holes not for deep

cuts only a few thousandths of an inch at a time.

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Types of Reamers

• Adjustable

• Adjustable with pilot

• Solid - for king pin or valve guides

• Hand use only - not for power tools

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Tap & Dies

• Taps are used to cut internal threads

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• Taper - first 6-8 threads are Chamfered

• Plug - first 3-5 threads are Chamfered

• Bottoming have threads all the way to the Bottom - Does not start well

Types of taps

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taps

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Know these termsTap drill

drill bit that drills a hole for proper amount of threads when using a tap.

Clearance Drilldrill bit that will drill a hole the size

needed to insert bolt with out threading it.

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Refer to the tap drill size chart

Tap wrench

Die Stock

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Dies

Dies are used to cut external threads on stock or bolts

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Finding the right size Tap or Die Use a Thread pitch gauge

National Coarse National FineNC NF

½ x 13 ½ x 20 ½ size of bolt

13 teeth per inch 20 teeth per inch

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Thread pitch gauge

• Used to find how many threads in an inch• come in metric and standard

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Metric Bolts• 10mm x 1.50 x 60mm

• 10mm size of bolt

• 1.50 pitch of thread

• 60mm length of the bolt in millimeters

• Be careful of some, cannot tell apart by naked eye without thread pitch gauge might screw on each other but hard, will strip out the bolt or nut.

• The head of the bolt should have a number on it like 4.8, 8.8 helps you to identify metric bolts.

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Tap and Die rules• Use cutting oil when using Taps and Dies

• Keep Tap square with hole

• Keep backing off Tap to break chips off (1 turn in 1/2 turn back

• Keep Taps and Dies clean and lightly oiled

• Keep Taps in storage box separate from others so you will not damage the cutting edge

• Make sure all the tools are in the box when you return it to the tool room

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Thread chasers and rethreading dies can be used only to repair

damaged threads

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Screw Extractors

• For removing broken screws and studs

• first center punch broken bolt, lube with W.D. 40 to loosen bolt, drill out with largest size drill with out damaging threads all the way through, then insert screw extractor

• square shank - hit with hammer

• spiral - will twist in and grab

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Thread repair

• Heli Coil EZ-LOK

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Solder Guns

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Soldering• If solder gun does not work do these three things

• 1. Tighten the nuts, the screw or allen set screw on the soldering tip. (do not over tighten as it gets hot then cold it will expand then contract these will always come lose)

• 2. Clean and sand the tip of the solder gun

• 3. Tin the tip of the solder gun

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Solder Guns

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Types of Solder

• Rosin core – electrical work - wiring– The rosin is flux, which cleans as you solder.– 50/50 50% tin 50% Lead melts at 425 degs– 60/40 60% tin 40% Lead melts at 425 degs– 63/37 63% tin 37% Lead melts at 425 degs

• Acid core - radiators

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Pullers

• Two jaw

• Three jaw

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Pullers

• Steering wheel

• Harmonic balance puller

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Pullers

• Slide hammer and attachments

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Hones• wheel cylinder (Drum Brake)

• disc brake caliper

• glaze breaker

• cylinder hone

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Ring Compressor

• ring compressors

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Ring Expander

• ring expanders

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valve spring compressors

• valve spring compressors

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Brake spoon & Spanner wrench• brake spoons

• spanner wrench

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• bushing drivers

• bearing packer

Bushing driver & Bearing Packer

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• Grease Gun

Grease Gun

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• Seal pullers Seal installers

Seal Puller & Installer

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Hand Impact

• Used to remove stubborn screws

• insert right size bit turn in direction you want to go and strike with a hammer.

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Measuring tools

• feeler gauge - flat

• round or wire

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Measuring tools

• Feeler gauge flat & round

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Measuring tools Calipers

• Outside inside

• dial

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• Dial indicator

• Straight edge - .003 max (not shown)

• Telescoping gauge

• Small hole gauge

Measuring tools

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Micrometer

• name of parts• reading mikes

• Inside micrometer

• See power point on micrometers

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Test Light

• Use to test for power

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The End for now

• Thanks to Sears, Grainger KD Tools and Goodheart- Willcox for some of the pictures