towards sustainable mobility

Towards Sustainable MobilityTowards Sustainable Mobility

Piet SteelVice-PresidentEuropean & Government Affairs Toyota Motor Europe

1969 S800 gas turbine hybrid

1975 Centurygas turbine hybrid 1996 1st FC vehicle

2003 Prius 2nd generation

2006Lexus GS 450h

2009 Prius3rd generation

1997 Prius

19701960 1980 1990 2000 2010

2005Lexus RX 400h

2007Lexus LS 600h

2009Lexus RX 450h

1963Start of HV

car development1997 RAV4-EV

1998 e-com

2010 Auris HSD

Toyota environmental historyToyota environmental history

The main challenges of today, The main challenges of today, as as Toyota sees itToyota sees it

1. Response to energy diversification2. CO2 reduction3. Improved air quality

HVs & PHVs with internal combustion engine

Passenger cars

HVHV

PHVPHV

Gasoline, diesel, bio-fuels, compressednatural gas, gas to liquids,

coal to liquids, etc.HydrogenElectricity

Veh

icle

size

Driving distance

We believe in the SustainableWe believe in the Sustainable--mobility based society, mobility based society, where several types of ecowhere several types of eco--cars will cars will coco--existexist……

EV

Small delivery vehicles

�� ��

seriesWinglet

Short-distance commuters

EVEV

Motorcycles

FCHVS

FCHVFCHV

FCHV (BUS)FCHV (BUS)

Heavy-duty trucks

Delivery trucks

Route buses

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The right car, the right place, the right time

……however, we do believe in one however, we do believe in one technology platform: Hybrid Synergy Drivetechnology platform: Hybrid Synergy Drive

Gasoline,diesel

Gaseousfuels Biofuels Synthetic

fuels Electricity Hydrogen

CO2 reduction Air qualityEnergy diversity

Sustainable Mobility

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Our aim: 1 million hybrid sales per year, early 2010s1 hybrid option in every model, early 2020s

Our experience tells us that the market Our experience tells us that the market for hybrid vehicles is growingfor hybrid vehicles is growing

2.75 million

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000

3000000

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Units

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Only the full hybrid technology allows driving Only the full hybrid technology allows driving in purely electric modein purely electric mode

Idle-stop Micro hybrid Mild hybrid Full hybrid

Start/Stop

Regenerativebraking

Motor-assist

EV Drive

Start/Stop

Regenerativebraking

Motor-assist

Start/Stop

Regenerativebraking

Start/Stop

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A PlugA Plug--in Hybrid: simply a conventional hybrid, with an in Hybrid: simply a conventional hybrid, with an extended EV rangeextended EV range……

Engine

Gasoline station

Motor

Fuel tank

Battery

Household electrical energyor public charging post

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Short distance: EV

…… functions as EV for city transportationfunctions as EV for city transportationand as a conventional full hybrid for longer drives and as a conventional full hybrid for longer drives

Long distance: Hybrid

PHV: “the best of both worlds”Copyright

100 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000

Ene

rgy

dens

ity b

y w

eigh

t (w

att h

ours

/ kg

)

Energy density by volume (watt hours / litre)

10,000

1,000

100

Weight & package are limiting todayWeight & package are limiting today’’s battery s battery technologytechnology……

Substantial R&D needed for batteries to reach levels similar to conventional

energy sources

Gaseous fuels

CNG

Hydrogen absorbing

alloy

Hydrogen

Batteries

Lithium-ionNickel metal

Lead

Liquid fuelsEthanol

Gasoline

Bio-diesel Diesel

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Electric Vehicle Electric Vehicle -- EVEV

Motor/GeneratorMotor/Generator

BatteryBattery

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FTFT--EVIIEVII

Launch of small commuter EV planned for 2012

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Motor/GeneratorMotor/Generator

BatteryBattery

Fuel TankFuel TankEngineEngine

Modular HSD Modular HSD -- Readily adaptable to PHV, Readily adaptable to PHV, EV and FCHV EV and FCHV

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Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle -- FCHVFCHV

Motor/GeneratorMotor/Generator

BatteryBattery

FC StackFC Stack Hydrogen TankHydrogen Tank

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Reality not theory: the FCHVReality not theory: the FCHV--advadv

*1: in LA#4 test cycle, Toyota in-house test

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Next steps: ToyotaNext steps: Toyota’’s expansion s expansion plan for EVs, PHVs and FCHVsplan for EVs, PHVs and FCHVs

PHV

EV

FCHV

2010 2015

Test Phase Market launch

Market launch (US)

Test Phase Market launch

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Prius PlugPrius Plug--in Hybrid in Hybrid

Thank you