baroque era
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Baroque Era. 1600-1750. www.nyu.edu. Baroque Era. Began with Opera Ended with the death of Johann Sebastian Bach Term “Baroque” originally applied to architecture Describes architecture, music, painting, literature, and fashion of that era Fancy and highly decorative. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
BAROQUE ERA1600-1750
www.nyu.edu
Baroque Era Began with Opera Ended with the death of Johann Sebastian
Bach Term “Baroque” originally applied to
architecture Describes architecture, music, painting,
literature, and fashion of that era Fancy and highly decorative
Composers of the Baroque Era Johann Sebastian
Bach George Frederick
Handel Arcangelo Corelli Georg Philipp
Telemann Antonio Vivaldi
Portrait of Bach, Haussmann, 1748
Instruments used during the Baroque Era
Harpsichord Primary keyboard
instrument Flute Oboe Bassoon Trombone Valveless Trumpets
and Horns Organ
What made the Baroque Era Unique?
Written dynamics introduced New styles of entertainment introduced:
Opera: combines singing, dance, orchestra, costumes, and scenery
Ballet: dance with orchestra Music although considered simple
emphasized emotion and showed personal side of composers
Composers of this time period composed simple melodies that could be ornamented and extravagant.
Key Terms Cadenza
Unaccompanied passage before the end of a piece Dynamics
Refers to how a musical piece is played (loudness, softness)
Piano Soft
Forte Loud
Crescendo Gradually louder
Decrescendo Gradually softer
Baroque Musical Styles Fugue-structured, musical piece that
requires two or more voices and built on a subject that is imitated throughout piece.
Tocatta- a musical composition usually for organ or harpsichord played in a free style and characterized by full chords and quick passages. Show off piece.
Johann Sebastian Bach Born March 21, 1685 in Germany. His parents died
when he was very young. Brother, Christoph was a church organist and taught
him how to play the organ and harpsichord Later in life became a court organist and violinist and
was also a teacher. He composed several types of music, such as, fugues,
toccatas, and cantatas. Except opera. Composed over 100 works in his lifetime but very little
of them were published during his lifetime. One of the greatest composers of all time. Died on July 28, 1750 which also ended the Baroque
Era.
Fugue and Toccata Fugue- is a structured piece of music that
contains a subject that is recurring and also contains contrasting parts called episodes
Toccata- free style piece. Very quick, fast moving with long full chords.
Musical Exampleshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_FXoyr_FyFw
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O0pfBoT46eI
George Frideric Handel Born February 23, 1685 in Germany. Showed
great musical talent from a very young age and always knew he wanted to be a musician.
Parents had other plans for him and wanted him to become a lawyer.
Became very interested in opera after leaving school. Was a violinist.
Wrote vocal music in many different languages.
Wrote many operas and oratorios during his lifetime.
Baroque Musical Styles cont’d. Oratorio- A musical piece that describes a
sacred story and played with accompaniment. Text taken from the Bible.
Like an opera but more like a concert piece than a stage piece.
17th century- oratorios became more popular because opera was banned during a certain part of the church year.
Musical Examples Oratorio Hallelujah Chorus http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IUZEtV
bJT5c Rejoice http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nNt1Qj
4MA6M
Opera A dramatic story that is put to music. The
plot is told by orchestral and vocal music. Costumes and scenery is also used in an opera.
Parts of the Opera Libretto- the text of an opera
Recitative- is a song that is spoken in rhythm to tell a story rather than singing the melody.
Leit-motif- a theme or musical phrase to identify a certain character in an opera.
Aria- song used for solo purposes in an opera.
Overture- the musical composition played at the beginning of an opera.
Types of Opera Grand Opera- A dramatic story that
usually is tragic that is sung in its entirety. This could also be known as Opera Seria. (serious opera)
Comic opera- a humorous musical play that can be performed with or without dialogue.
Opera comique- a cheerful or tragic story in which spoken dialogue is used.
Musical Exampleshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OzIUL0wKkgU
Romantic Era1820-1900
The Romantic Era Came after the Classical Era. Resented the simplicity of the Classical
Era. Focused on emotions, imagination, and
individualism. Music was usually created to perform for
concerts that required admission.
Romantic Era Composers were influenced by the
political, and social changes of the time and this caused them to put emotion into their music.
Music of the Romantic Era Symphonies- were more pragmatic,
meaning they told stories or scenes through music.
Composers started using different rhythms, melodies, different meters, chromaticism, and several tempo changes to create tension and expression in their music.
Orchestra size grew. Allowed composers to make bigger dynamic changes.
Instruments of the Romantic Era
Many instruments were redesigned during this time.
Valves were invented for brass instruments.
Clarinets and flutes also became easier to play with keys
Saxophone was also invented in 1846.
Instruments
Instruments
Instuments
Instruments
Styles of Music Opera Symphony Sonatas Ballet
Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky Born May 7, 1840 in Russia. Began studying music at 22 He worked for the government and wrote
music while he considered a career in music. He wrote symphonies, operas, and music for
ballets. His music is said to be very enjoyable(played
often) He lived alone Very depressed. Always felt his music was
never good enough.
Ballet Ballet- a stage show in which ballet
dancing and music, often with scenery and costumes, are combined to tell a story.
Musical Exampleshttp://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Id-zGCTT8DQ
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xvriN62Y5bY
The Nutcracker Ballet Music written by Tchaikovsky One of the most famous ballets Performed the most around Christmas time Seven dances each written in different forms
(ABA ABACA) Tells the story of a girl named Clara whose
nutcracker toy gets broken and doesn’t know how to fix it. She goes down stairs to check one night by the tree and the toys come to life before her eyes.
New Instrumentcelesta
Musical Examplehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j2PQ8LWXZD8http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wz_f9B4pPtg