cells and cell structures. “cell” name means “small room” basic structural, functional and...
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Cells and Cell Structures
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“Cell”• Name means “small room”• Basic structural, functional
and biological unit of all KNOWN living organisms
• Smallest unit of life that can replicate independently
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Microscopes were used as early as the 1600s to look at things.
• 1665 Hooke used a microscope to look at the bark of a Cork-bark oak
• Saw this and named them ‘cells’
• Snowflake
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• 1838: Schleiden concluded all plants are made of cells
• 1839: Schwann stated all animals were made of cells
• 1855: Virchow concluded new cells can only be produced from existing cells
Spurred more interest… better technology
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Cell Theory• All living things are made of
cells• Cells are the basic structural
and functional unit of living things
• New cells are produced from existing cells
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Cell Theory• What IS a theory?• Why is it “Cell Theory” and not “Cell Law”?• Do we know about “ALL living things”?
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• Two (broad) categories of cells
• NO membrane-bound organelles = Prokaryotes
• HAS membrane-bound organelles = Eukaryote
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Scanning electron micrograph of E. coli in human intestine
www.listoid.com
Scanning electron micrograph of human brain neuron
www.scienceclarified.com
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• Smaller and ‘simpler’
• Bacteria are prokaryotes
• MOST living things are prokaryotes
Prokaryotes
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Prokaryotes
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• Smaller and ‘simpler’
• Bacteria are prokaryotes
• MOST living things are prokaryotes
• MOST of ‘you’ is prokaryotic
• YOU are outnumbered 10:1 in/on YOU!!!!
Prokaryotes
American Society for Microbiology, June 5, 2008
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Scale between human cells and bacterial cell
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• Larger, more ‘complex’
• Eukaryotes have a nucleus
• MOST have other organelles
• Protists to animal/plant cells
Eukaryotes
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Daphnia are NOT protists. They’re related to lobsters- Crustaceans
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• Review your notes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Homework