center for integrative medicine

8/19/2019 Center for Integrative Medicine

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CHAPTER 3

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents the Related Literature, case studies which are

relevant to the present study. These materials gave the researcher valuable

information and deeper insights in the preparation conduct and formulation of

design solution of this study.

3.1 RELATED LITERATURE

3.1.1 FOREIGN LITERATURE

Health and Nature: The Inluen!e " Nature "n De#$%n

O the En&$r"n'ent " Care

Much of the recent research in the fields of therapeutic and environmental

design has to do with patient stress and health outcomes, which refer to an

indicator or measure of a patient’s condition or progress. Now, healthcare

designers are using this research to approach healthcare facility design with a

different focus than the traditional methods. According to lrich, health outcomes

research can potentially !indicate the degree to which gardens in healthcare

facilities are medically beneficial and cost"effective relative to such alternatives

as not having gardens# $lrich %&&&'. (n fact, research has documented that the

appropriate use of nature reduces stress, improves health outcomes, supports

pain management, and promotes a sense of overall well"being among patients,

visitors, and staff. )atients who are in direct or sensual contact with nature have

demonstrated higher thresholds of pain. And interaction with nature in chronic

and terminal patients yields higher levels of *uality of life. +hen way finding and

landmars are associated with nature and are clearly identified, visitor stress is

reduced.

-enefits of Nature

+ithin the environment of care, where life"challenging and life"threatening

events are amplified, the pronounced focus on individual situations at handnecessitates diversions or distractions to allow those within to manage stress.

)roviding access to nature within healthcare facilities supports these evidence"

based design concepts and offers opportunities for positive distractions.


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Therapeutic nvironments

+ithin the healthcare, there should be numerous opportunities for the

various user groups to encounter nature. Areas may be interior or e/terior and

encountered physically or by sensory perception. Any contact with nature, from

looing at a picture to lying in the grass, has a wide range of positive

psychological effects and subse*uent benefits. (nterior environments are

enhanced when views or elements of the outside world are brought into the

interior design. (ndoor plantings or pictures of nature should be incorporated into

the conte/t of the interior design. A*uariums and terrariums are also sources of

life that bring nature within reach. Light wells and sylights be incorporated into

the conte/t of the interior design. A*uariums and terrariums are also sources of

life that bring nature within reach. Light wells and sylights bring natural light into

an interior space that may not be ad0acent to an e/terior wall. Also, fountains and

water features provide natural movement and sound to an otherwise sterile

institutional environment. +herever possible, views of nature from patient rooms

and public spaces should be considered throughout the design process of

healthcare facilities. The interior design should also incorporate nature into the

environment through interior courtyards and atria. These spaces are often

landmar design elements and way finding *ueues in the public spaces. They

provide a year"round benefit to visitors by bringing natural daylight to the ma0or

gathering spaces of the facility. ven when building sites have limited views of

nature, designers are using interior spaces to create healing gardens and walls

of windows to connect inside and outside. /terior environmental factors provide

the setting for the healthcare campus and help to establish its character of

healing. )roviding landscape and green screening along the arrival se*uence

from the property boundaries, to the gateway, to the paring space, to the frontdoor will facilitate the therapeutic campus"design concepts.

-iophilic or sensory e/periences with nature involve enhancing or

stimulating one or more of the five senses1seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting,

and touching. The senses are the basic foundations for what individuals consider

their sense of self and what they now as familiar $+ilson, .2., %&345 6ellert 7

+ilson, %&&8'. /periencing events of nature offers a common familiarity to all

ages and bacgrounds, regardless of their current situation, and it becomes apositive distraction. The way a visitor e/periences nature can be both conscious

and subconscious, but the overall effect of the e/perience is deemed to be

beneficial.


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9ome e/amples of ways to incorporate design elements that address the senses

are the sight: gardens views or familiar sights of nature from pictures, such as a

view of the outdoor space or a painting. 9ound: nature noises, such as a running

stream or other soothing sounds. 9mell: aromatherapy, such as the scents of

flowers and herbs. Taste: herbal therapy, such as hot teas

The design goals of a therapeutic environment, simply stated, should

improve the health outcomes of its users and reduce their levels of stress.

stablishing these design parameters early in the design process will help the

integrated design team set up the framewor for specific design ob0ectives and

considerations. ;esign ob0ectives provide attainable metrics that the design team

can establish in the early visioning sessions of the conceptual design phase.

9ome of the design ob0ectives for therapeutic environments include, enhance the

wor setting. )rovide accessibility to nature, include comfort and user"

friendliness. (ncorporate visibility and visual interest intoonsiderations

9upportive design considerations are intuitive and functional to the

specific space and its user group. >onsiderations should also address the

mission of the institution and connection to community and should include

convenient way finding and circulation clarity, accessibility, access to privacy,

seating that facilitates social interaction, e/ercise opportunities, contact with

nature, support of the sense of community, enhancement of the institutional

image and improvement of the overall *uality of the space. $?ealth ;esign, @%@'


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9tress is one cause of having sic. Through the help of nature or good

environment, patients suffering from different ind of sicness can recover easily.

(ntegrating the concept of having a garden in a healthcare institution is one way

of providing a *uality service as a goal of the pro0ect. The literature above gives

bacground on designing functional facilities that can be adopted on the study.

De#$%n Re!"''endat$"n# and C"n#$derat$"n# "r Health!are Fa!$l$t$e#

-ased on the research and evidence"based design process on the

positive health outcomes that access to nature provides recent design guidelines

for hospitals and healthcare facilities have included language and metrics to

encourage the incorporation of these concepts into future building initiatives.

Biews to Nature

The outdoor areas should be visible from interior public spaces for

security, administrative, and medical purposes. Bisual access to nature from

within the facility should also be addressed from patient rooms and public spaces

alie. (ndoor places of respite should have direct line of sight to the outdoor

environment for & percent of the total aggregate net program area and C

percent of those *ualifying areas with direct views of nature.

Access to Nature

/terior spaces, courtyards, or gardens should be handicap accessible

and located ad0acent to public spaces, such as reception areas, corridors, waiting

rooms, and dining areas. (n addition, user"specific departments within the

environment of care should also have ad0acent e/terior spaces that may addressspecific needs of the user groups of that particular area.

;esignated /terior 9paces

The healthcare facility design should provide for designated e/terior

spaces for the purpose of nature"centered restoration, rehabilitation, and therapy

for the various user groups within the environment of care. 9uch areas should be

free of negative distractions, such as smoe and fumes, noise pollution, strong

sunlight, distracting views and activities, insecurity, crowding, and ambiguous

design features or art that may be interpreted in multiple ways. (ncluding shorter

patient stays, reduced staff turnover, and improved staff longevity. The defined

area designated as 2utdoor )laces of Respite should be C percent of the net

usable program area, specifically programmed and with direct connection to the


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natural environment and an additional @ percent of the net usable program area

as outdoor places of respite dedicated for staff. $?ealthcare Recommendation,

@%@'

Duidelines in designing a healthcare facility should also be incorporated

with a nature"centered design to facilitate the recovery and the good ambience of

the user. 9paces within the interior of the structure should have a view from the

outside. This literature gives idea to the proponents and must be incorporated on

the design solution.

H"#($tal Outd""r )(a!e# * Thera(eut$! +ene$t# and De#$%n C"n#$derat$"n#

Deneral ;esign >onsiderations in planning of hospital outdoor spaces that

would support, enhance and promote positive healthcare outcomes relies on the

design considerations set up to meet strictly defined norms, regulations and

criteria. They provide information and achievable measures which need to be

incorporated as early as in the conceptual phase in order to fully integrate the

use of outdoor space into a hospitalEs routine.

)otentials of the 9ite in hospitalEs site is certainly one of the most

significant generators of its form in many aspects. Numerous analyses and

investigations need to be undertaen by the design team with the aim of truly

understanding its advantages, disadvantages and potentials. (n an ideal case,

optimal distribution of the total site area of a hospital comple/ should be the

following: 8F for the buildings, %CF for internal communication routes and

paring, CF for vacant area $@C"8F in case of hospitals with a limited capacity

for future growth' out of which %F is reserved for recreational areas.

+hile planning suitable locations for different types of outdoor areas, there

are several issues that need to be taen into account, such as: environmental

factors $e.g., orientation, insulation, wind e/posure, views'5 distance from

distractions $e.g., urban noise, paring lots, mechanical systems'5 physical

configuration of the comple/5 internal traffic system and its access points5 specific

needs of different user groups5 etc. )roper acnowledgment and implementation

of these factors may generally enhance beneficial value of the outdoor space.

)ositive and negative distractions in current studies on design of hospital

outdoor spaces also suggest featuring of restorative and positive distractions that


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may effectively induce health restoration. mphasis on natural features as

grounding points, such as the use of plants, rocs, wood or water, can only be

beneficial to recovery. Diven that art, according to Ted ?ughes, represents Ga

psychological component of the auto"immune system that gives e/pression to

the healing processG, implementation of carefully chosen art pieces should also

be encouraged.

Accessibility, familiarity and security in all hospital outdoor spaces must be

designed to be physically secure and accessible to people of all ages and

abilities, thus contributing to their positive psychological perception. +hen feeling

stressed or depressed, many users search for environments that seem familiar

and safe. These applies to implementing visual amenities which are rooted in the

sub consciousness of the ma0ority of users and creating outdoor spaces that are

human scaled and evoe memories. Hurthermore, constant monitoring by the

nursing staff and provision of additional medical support $e.g. o/ygen outlets'

may allow their e/tended use and lead to a higher degree of comfort.

?ealing vs. therapeutic garden in the term healing garden applies to the

gardens that promote recuperation from illness. (n this conte/t, EhealingE does not

necessarily refer to curing, but to the overall improvement of well"being. +hile

these gardens are more focused on spiritual, psychological and physical aspects

of health restoration, therapeutic gardens as a new trend in hospital outdoor

spacesE design relate to specific curative therapies, such as the allopathic

method in which a disease is treated by producing effects or conditions different

from those caused by the disease itself. >onse*uently, gardens are also

becoming the location and means of treatment.

Dreen roofs

There are many e/amples of using flat roofs as additional outdoor places

of respite, especially in the hospitals within city *uarters with a high construction

density. Their use may influence and enhance the general *uality of healthcare

environment. ;epending on the hospitalEs physical configuration, one of the

options in case of limited site area is to create accessible or inaccessible roof

gardens visible from the upper floors of higher buildings in the vicinity. Not only

that green roofs accommodate places for contemplation and rela/ation, but they

also minimiIe energy consumption J they reduce heating loads by adding mass

and thermal resistance value and lower cooling loads through evaporation.


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Biew out

The outdoor hospital areas should be visible from patientsE rooms, interior

public spaces and corridors, for both security and medical purposes. Biew out is

also psychologically therapeutic, since it reduces feeling of isolation and

claustrophobia by providing a constant contact with the outside world. (t may also

add patientEs interest to the surrounding environment, leading either to immediate

use or a decision to visit it later. +hen building new or reconstructing an e/isting

hospital with budget restrictions or a limited site, one of the solutions is to

incorporate an indoor Eviewing gardenE J a small garden that cannot be entered,

but may be seen from the building interior. (f there is enough space, an

alternative is to apply Ea wal"in gardenE, which is accessible to a certain number

of people.

(ntegration and unity of hospital buildings and their surrounding outdoor

spaces contribute to creation of hospital as a Esmall city within a cityE, with its own

specific patterns of use. Heatures that are relevant for the *uality evaluation of

any public space may also apply to these spaces, since they should be

considered and e/perienced as a vital part of urban landscape. +hat maes

them different from other public spaces are their physical characteristics,

determined and preconditioned by specific contents, functional units and

communication lines that all need to be planned and designed according to strict

re*uirements of modern medical technology. The approach in design proposed in

this paper is structured upon the premise that the primary function of the hospital

outdoor space is creation of calming environment which represents an additional

healthcare amenity that provides therapeutic benefits and positive health

outcomes. The list of features that a hospital outdoor space may comprise was

also given as an illustration of various aspects that need to be taen into account

in order to generate a new and more positive image of a hospital as a non"

threatening place. (n relation to patientsE e/perience, the essence of presented

approach may be found in a possibility of creating a common and familiar

everyday environment within a space that a ma0ority perceives as psychologically

bounded. /periencing these spaces as islands isolated from everyday life

occurrences may, among others, lead to a loss of faith in curing or complete

recovery, thus the true worthiness of the outdoor spaces of modern hospitalfacilities is based on their appropriate and diverse program, social, psychological,

environmental and ambient characteristics, which can be valued upon daily

presence, positive e/periences and satisfaction of patients, as well as other user

groups. (n a long"term sense, the role of a design team is to integrate hospital


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outdoor space into a hospitalEs routine in a manner that would help compensate

e/tra costs by reducing the length and cost of therapies. This leads to

improvement of general effects of timely diagnostics and treatments and

contributes to healthcare promoting *ualities, but re*uires a more comple/

hospital infrastructure and poses additional considerations to the outdoor

planning process. $Therapeutic -enefits in ?ospital, @%@'

)lanning a healthcare institution should be in consideration with the

guidelines provided by the healthcare governing bodies. ach component

pertaining to the design should be utiliIed. The site, relationship of each building

and their functions should be analyIed.

The Ne,t Wa&e " Health!are De#$%n -ae# Ar!h$te!ture Part " the

Pre#!r$(t$"n

+hile it may seem self"evident that a patient’s e/perience should be the

central factor in the design of healthcare facilities, the average medical setting,

however, is hardly salubrious. The typical hospital encounter, notes Turan ;uda,

principal of ;udaarolina, involves waiting in a sterile

room with a television on and being seen in a clinical, often intimidating

environment

That sentiment has spread across the healthcare field, due in part to the

advent of evidence"based design, which considers the impact of hospital

environments on patient care. 9tudies have found, for e/ample, that spending

time in a garden offers therapeutic benefits1the more soothing the setting, themore *uicly patients are liely to recover. At the same time, patients today are

far more informed about hospital choices than earlier generations. 9tatistics on

readmission, infection rates, and procedures are widely available, maing

consumers ever choosier about facilities. This competitive maret approach to

healthcare means that hospitals and clinics need to mae spaces as appealing to

patients1read customers1as possible. $Architects Newspaper, @%@'

Hacilities and e*uipments in healthcare institutions is one of the bases of

some patients in choosing a health service provider. )resence of a good and

rela/ing environment contributes to the healing factor of a patient and each

space should have an appealing *uality to the user.


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H"/ t" De#$%n a Un$0ue and Pr"$tale )(a "r Wellne## Pr"(ert2

;esign for Massage


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;ry Treatment Rooms

6eep treatment areas as fle/ible as possible. Rooms to change when

program changes. )rovide for sins, locable storage cabinetry, counter space

with mirror above, clothing hoos on bac of door, clean 7 soiled linen storage,

electrical outlets on two side walls and above counter, floors of an easily

cleanable material $ie. vinyl tile'. All lighting should be indirect and on rheostats.

All treatment rooms should be as sound proof as possible. )rovide for separate

music system with individual controls. )rovide for clothing hoos. )rovide for G(n

seG signage on all treatment room doors. )rovide for locable storage in each

room. )rovide for numbers or letters on doors of each room for identification

balance of nature and man"made elements focus on healing environment. $?ow

to ;esign a ni*ue and )rofitable 9pa, @%@'

Minimum or standard siIes of each space provided by local codes should

be observed to have a good and functional design. To come up with a suitable

design solution, the application of this related literature can achieve the goal of

the pro0ect. 2ther spaces will be based on the number of users but should

always in accordance with the e/isting codes of designing.

3.1. LOCAL LITERATURE

General O#er&at$"n# "n )(a De#$%n

(nterior design should provide a residential not institutional feeling. A

simple yet effective Ione eying system should be installed. A proper GsignageG

system should be installed for easy traffic flow. All treatment areas should be as

sound proof as possible

Materials

Non"corrosive materials should be used in all high moisture areas $Bents,

ducts, drains, ceiling 7 wall cover'. asy to clean moisture resistant materialsshould be used in all high moisture areas. >onsider using local materials and

integrating cultural and artistic traditions.

Locer < >hanging < Banity Area


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)rovide appropriate number of half siIe locers $two per full siIe locer

bans' on each side. )rovide a separate alcove with third"siIe locers $two per

full siIe locer bans' for members on each side. tiliIe movable benches or

2ttomans on casters for seating by locers. )rovide wall mounted soap,

shampoo 7 conditioner dispensers in showers. )rovide mae"up lights around

vanity mirrors on womenEs side. )rovide wall mounted magnified shaving mirrors

at vanity on menEs side. )rovide wall mounted hair dryer units at vanities on both

sides. )rovide for electrical outlets above vanities. Hlooring in locer and

changing area should be carpeted, all other areas tiled

Locer Room +et Area

Accommodate 9auna, 9team, +hirlpool and >old )ool $if applicable'.

)rovide lounge with water proof seating near each wet area. )rovide clothing

hoos throughout area. Hlooring should be non"slip easily cleanable tile. )rovide

for non"corrosive ventilation ducts in this area. 2utflow of ?BA> should be

provided for @C air changes per hour. )rovide for oIone water purification system

for whirlpools. )rovide a self service beverage service station with sin, counter,

storage cabinet, mini"fridge 7 ice machine. )rovide for clean and soiled linen

storage. $Deneral 9pa ;esign @%@'

>hoosing suitable materials that were to be used in the design is

important factor to be considered. The character or the function of the building

should have a consideration to the patients need to provide a more comfortable

and rela/ing feeling for easily facilitation of healing of every patients in the center.

2bservation on various related structures is very important to the proponent to

have an idea pertaining to the design solutions that can be applied.

-a$n% 4"ur Cl$n$! +u$ld$n% W"r

?ealth facilities should be functional and economical to run and maintain.

+hether the clinic is large or small, the layout should be organiIed in such a way

that different functions are correctly placed in relationship to each other. The

layout should mae it easy for client and provide to enter, move through and

leave the facility. (t is important to plan ahead and space and organiIationre*uired to e/pand services, serve a greater number of client, and continue to

function efficiently under new service circumstances.

The facility planning process for health care clinic building is done at the

regional or central level rather than at the local level. No matter where planning is


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carried out, involving local community and staff member in the planning process

helps ensure that the facility more accurately reflects the health priorities of the

community.

The planning process is shortened by the use of type plans, which they

are standardiIed building plans for specific inds of health facilities such as

urban health care clinic or a rural health post. Type plans can serve the need of

different communities better if they are adapted the respond to the needs

e/pressed by local user both staff and community during the planning process.

(nvolving local users ensures that a type plan allocates sufficient spaces to meet

the community immediate and long"term health care priorities and taes local

condition into consideration. $Maing our >linic -uilding +or, @%@'

sing the clinic space to improve *uality of care, the physical environment

in which clinics provide health care activities has a direct influence on the *uality

and efficiency of the services. The above literature gives the proponents an idea

on how the center maybe becomes more functional to ensure the feasibility of the

proposed pro0ect.

3. CA)E )TUD4

3..1 FOREIGN CA)E )TUD4

Due Inte%rat$&e -ed$!$ne


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;ue (ntegrative Medicine located at North >arolina 9A is committed to

transforming the way healthcare, delivered in the @%st century. Their e/pert

provider integrates the best of +estern scientific medicine with proven

complementary therapies to address the whole person""body, mind, spirit, and

community. The center innovative model of care includes primary care,

physician consultations, health coaching, annual membership, and a broad array

of clinical services, classes, worshops, and trainings""are focused on healing

and provide personaliIed, comprehensive support across time.

The center goals and guide to their missions is to transform health care, to

develop, demonstrate, and implement effective integrative models for clinical

service. ducate a new generation of health care professionals about integrative

approaches to care for the benefit of their patients and in their own lives.

stablish, through rigorous academic research, the efficacy and cost"

effectiveness of integrative models of care and integrative models of education. A

leading voice in the national discourse shaping the future of healthcare, based on

their e/periences in new models of medicine, professional education, and

research.

Also ;ue (ntegrative Medicine, an ideal, state"of"the"art healing

environment where tradition and innovation come together to create a spirit of

health and healing. 9ituated ne/t to the woodlands and streams of ;ue Horest

on a serene campus, there is a @K, s*uare foot building in close pro/imity to

;ue niversityEs internationally renowned medical and educational facilities.

nvironmental stewardship is integral to their daily operations and is a

ma0or consideration in the buildingEs design. Their facility incorporates many

sustainable features and has been registered for L; $Leadership in nergy

and nvironmental ;esign' certification.

They offer warm and comfortable therapeutic treatment rooms, worshop

spaces, meditation spaces, fitness facilities and a state"of"the"art cafe designed

for healthy cooing demonstrations, guest meals and catered events.

;ue (ntegrative Medicine is a national model of innovative healthcare setin at state"of"the"art healing environment at one of the most prestigious academic

medical systems in the world. Their clinical service model is based on the very

best medicine available5 both conventional and complementary services are

offered in a system of care that is focused on patient"centered, whole"person


14/45

medicine. )artnership, planning over time and prevention are among the core

principles of their treatment model. They complement the clinical care with a

robust research initiative, professional and medical education programs, and a

commitment to translating what they are doing and learning across settings and

systems..

Their custom"designed e/ecutive session offers team leaders from

medical practices or systems a one"on"one session with the e/ecutives of ;ue

(ntegrative Medicine to gain a better understanding of how to develop an

integrative medicine practice and


15/45

(t includes spaces not usually found in conventional medical clinics or

academic institutions, such as: Droup rooms for yoga and tai chi instruction5 calm

areas for meditation and reflection5 treatment rooms for acupuncture, massage

therapy, biofeedbac, and mind"body awareness5 and the Taahashi Darden, a

apanese healing garden.

The design incorporates nature, natural light and fresh air, simply

organiIed spaces, water features, and pleasant colors and te/tures. 9paces are

intimate, friendly, and promote rela/ation and humanistic values. The building will

contribute to the general health of the occupants and aid the healing process of

the patients.

Hor patient care, the >9H 2sher >enter integrates modern medicine with

established practices from around the world. Their clinical programs focus on

prevention, patient empowerment, and whole person healing. nlie the rushed,

revolving"door feel of hospital medicine, their patients spend an average of

minutes with the doctor or practitioner during their first visit.

Their clinical practice offers a variety of integrative medicine services5

treatments and therapies. )ractitioners are trained in both conventional and

complementary therapies and offer a professionally guided, comprehensive

approach to patient’s health care.

The center realiIes that hospitals and clinics can seem overwhelming,

especially when someone’s ill. Their site includes many of the services and

facilities they offer as well as guidelines for re*uesting appointments, billing and

preparing for a hospital stay.

To ensure a smooth visit, the visitorare, Additional 9upport, ?ospital 9tay, -illing 7

Records, Maps 7 ;irections, including public transportation and shuttles, and

)aring.

They also have information for patients who live overseas and for those

who are visiting patients. Hor special needs the patient have any special needs,

some of their special services include: (nternet Access and Bideoconferencing.

The >9H Medical >enter has partnered with 9ype to connect hospital patientswith family and friends who are unable to visit in person. The 9ype video and

voice"calling program is available to patients during their stay in >9H hospitals.

sing designated laptop computers with 9ype software, patients can have

virtual visits on a secure networ. Laptops also are available to patients for


16/45

(nternet access. Also the center is a smoe"free environment. $sher Medical

>enter, @%@'

(ntegrating research, education and patient care in a health care service is

important factor to consider. These three factors can provide a vast nowledge to

the users and can help in improving the facilities. nvironment can contributes to

the well"being of patients, practitioners and staff so it is necessary to always

incorporate nature in design.

INTEGRATIVE -EDICINE CENTER AT GRIFFIN HO)PITAL

Lower Naugatuc Balley Region nited 9tates

The >ancer >enter at Driffin ?ospital, the (M> offers individualiIed holistic

therapies for current patients undergoing conventional cancer therapy. They can

help minimiIe side effects with strategies for pain control, weight maintenance,

increasing energy, and optimiIing immune function. They can provide e/pert

dietary advice and recommendations for nutritional supplements with particular

emphasis on synergistic benefits and avoiding interactions with conventionaltherapies. 2ther aspects of treatment include stress reduction and wellness

promotion through acupuncture, meditation, imagery, and breathing techni*ues.

)reventive (nterventions, the (M> offers individualiIed recommendations

to reduce ris for cancer. These recommendations tae into account family

history, genetic factors, lifestyle practices, and environment. They wor with

people with no nown ris factors and aim to optimiIe health. Also they wor with

people with specific family history, including family members of current Driffin>ancer >enter patients, to minimiIe ris. Recommendations incorporate lifestyle,

diet, nutritional supplementation, and other preventive and complementary or

alternative techni*ues as needed.


17/45

Driffin ?ospital is a %"bed acute care community hospital serving more

than %, residents of the Lower Naugatuc Balley Region. Driffin ?ospital

also serves as the flagship hospital for )lanetree, an international leader in

patient"centered care and has received national recognition for creating a facility

and approach to patient care that is responsive to the needs of patients. Many

healthcare facilities around the world send visitors to Driffin ?ospital and

incorporate its concepts into their healthcare models.

Driffin ?ospital has more than @3 active and courtesy physicians who

have admitting privileges. Driffin ?ospital is recogniIed for having industry"

leading patient satisfaction ratings and has received numerous *uality and

clinical e/cellence awards.

)lanetree )rograms 7 9ervices an innovative model of healthcare that

puts patientsE needs first. Driffin ?ospital is the flagship of the )lanetree networ

of hundreds of hospitals in the nited 9tates, >anada, 9outh America, apan and

the Netherlands. very aspect of care at Driffin ?ospital is shaped by )lanetree

principles " from their welcoming, comfortable interiors, to their emphasis on

patient and family education and involvement, to their e/ceptional healthcare. As

a result, Driffin ?ospital receives consistently high patient satisfaction scores.

The components of the )lanetree model are designed to empower patients, to

foster their independence, to honor their humanity, and to enhance the healing

environment at a time when they often feel vulnerable and an/ious

The primary focus of )lanetree is to deliver healthcare in a manner that

wors best for patients. (n a patient"centered approach to healthcare, providers

partner with patients and their family members to identify and satisfy the full

range of patient needs and preferences. )atient"centered care is the core of ahigh"*uality health care system and a necessary foundation for safe, effective,

efficient, timely, and e*uitable care.

)lanetree >omponents are ?uman (nteraction, Hamily, Hriends, 7 9ocial

9upport contribute to the *uality of the hospital e/perience by promoting caring

connections between the patients and their support systems, (nformation 7

ducation, Nutritional 7 Nurturing Aspects of Hood, Architecture 7 (nterior

;esign: The )lanetree design considers the patients’ wellbeing. The hospital iswelcoming and accessible, providing clearly mared signs for direction,

comfortable and familiar rooms, and designs that engage the senses and brea

down barriers, Arts 7 ntertainment, 9pirituality and ?uman Touch.


18/45

>omplementary Therapies e/pand the choices offered to patients.

Aromatherapy, therapy dog visitation, acupuncture, and Reii are offered in

addition to clinical modalities of care.

Architecture 7 ;esign, Driffin ?ospitalEs adoption of the )lanetree model

of patient"centered care over twenty years ago prompted us to design a distinctly

warm, nurturing and healing environment, their hospital"wide implementation of

the )lanetree model of patient"centered care has set the stage for Driffin ?ospital

to better respond to the needs and e/pectations of our patients and community.

The center features a healing environment inspired by nature and created

for comfort, with *uiet, calming interior spaces infused with natural beauty and

light, designed for comfort and serenity.

The Driffin (maging 7 ;iagnostics >enter in 9helton, combines diagnostic

confidence and patient comfort in one of the most advanced imaging facilities in

the 9tate. As a )lanetree facility, the Driffin (maging 7 ;iagnostics >enter is

designed entirely around the patient e/perience, with the sensitivity of Driffin

?ospitalEs renowned model of personaliIed care: >omfortable furnishings, +iHi

(nternet with )> access ?igh"definition TB, 9altwater a*uarium, (nteractive

childrenEs waiting area and Refreshment station. $Driffin ?ospital, @%@'

)lanetree as a concept adopted by Driffin ?ospital is a innovative

principles that puts patients needs first. The )lanetree design considers the

patients’ wellbeing which is welcoming and accessible, providing clearly mared

signs for direction, comfortable and familiar rooms, and designs that engage the

senses and brea down barriers, arts 7 entertainment, spirituality and human

touch structure and this concept can be adapted to the proposed pro0ect.

TAO GARDEN HEALTH )PA

Located in the ?imalayasE green foothills, Tao Darden holistic ?ealth 9pa

7 Resort is an oasis of healing. Their 8@"acre lush garden that loos lie an

enchanted forest offers a perfect environment to rela/, re0uvenate and find your


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inner peace. Tao Darden was founded by the Taoist 7 Oigong Master Manta

>hia, utiliIing his e/perience with Thai and >hinese medicine, (ndian and

+estern holistic medicines, along with different inds of treatments and healing

practices.

At Tao Darden, ancient astern health systems are combined with the

latest developments in the +estern medicine. Together they create a singular

health system based on the theory of cleanest blood, cleanest cells, good >hi,

and good health as a result. Taoism, Ayurveda, Acupuncture, traditional Thai

massages,>hi Nei Tsang and 6arsai Nei Tsang massages, body organs

cleansing, deto/ and weight loss programmes are 0ust a few modalities that can

be e/perienced at Tao Darden’s )aua >linic and Anyamanee 9pa.

>hemical free salt"water swimming and salt hydrotherapy pool, steam

room, a fully appointed gym, and organically grown food served buffet style add

to the pleasurable e/perience. 9troll among lush fifty acres of Heng 9hui

designed gardens and paths with mature trees, bonsai trees, and >hinese

Bases, en0oy lusciously scented blossoms surrounded with various species of

birds 7 butterflies. Hind yourself blaneted with an abundant sense of well"being

at the -est ;estination 9pa in Thailand. Allow yourself to set out upon your path

of inner e/ploration and peace, and partae in a healing adventure that is at once

both dynamic and a most tran*uil respite.

Leading ?ealth 9pa 7 Resort, >hiang Mai, Thailand

>reated by world renowned Oi Dong and Taoist (nner Alchemy Master

Manta >hia in the lush environment of northern Thailand, Tao Darden is anoasis for the body, mind and spirit where the senses are soothed and the heart

encouraged to open.

Large sun drenched swimming pool, shaded lounging chairs with a

complimentary chilled coconut drin, herbal steam bath, e/ercise room, tennis

courts, basetball court and other amenities.

All the treatments are given in their beautiful new Anyamanee 9pa, which

also includes a fully e*uipped hydrotherapy pool.

The )aua >linic, a ?olistic Medical Hacility, has few rivals for the breadth

and diversity of medical treatments and diagnosis. ach guest receives a

comprehensive analysis of their state of health guided by a licensed allopathic


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physician with data garnered by sophisticated laboratory analysis. All their

physicians are also trained in Naturopathic and astern ?ealing Arts such as

acupuncture, meditation and Oi Dong.

At Tao Darden they use Adobe -ric for the accommodation’s

construction. Adobe brics are a fireproof, durable yet biodegradable, non"to/ic

building material which provide sufficient thermal mass to buildings to ensure

e/cellent thermal performance. 2ther benefits include low sound transmission

levels through walls and a general feeling of solidity and security. ;ue to the

production process and the nature of clay, Adobe brics have good water

resistance. Nevertheless it is very important to provide ade*uate weather

protection of the earth walls, especially in e/posed situations. This is normally

done with the provision of ade*uate eaves. Moreover, the process of maing

Adobe bric is environment safety which has no burn, 0ust wait until it dries in the

sun, also it can avoid using wood for fuel and no smoe as well.

;irt suitable for adobe bric should have a high enough clay content to

help the bric resist moisture and provide strength to the bric. The problem is

that dirt with too much clay in it will crac upon drying. (f dirt has too much clay,

one must add sand to it or dried grass5 sand is the better additive. ;irt with too

little clay will mean that the dried bric will be too brittle to use. /perience has

shown that cement added to a standard adobe mi/ture can all produce a strong

bric. Hor Tao Darden, their compositions are clay KF, sand %CF and cement

%CF. $Tao Darden ?ealth 9pa, @%@'

At Tao Darden, ancient astern health systems are combined with the

latest developments in the +estern medicine. This method can be adapted to the

pro0ect. The materials that were used to Tao Darden was adobe bric, and thistype of construction materials is good on weather adaptation but re*uires more

time in maintaining the cleanliness, so brics is not advisable to the pro0ect.

3.. LOCAL CA)E )TUD4

The Far' at )an +en$t"

-arangay Tipaan, Lipa >ity, -atangas


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Located in an e/ceptional healing environment, The Harm at 9an -enito,

rests on %%& acres in the foothills of Mount Malarayat, %,@C feet above sea level.

Duests en0oy year round tropical weather and the comforts of a world"class

resort while discovering paths to a healthier and happier lifestyle. )rograms are

supervised on"site (ntegrated Medical )hysicians 7 Licensed Therapists,

Movement >onsultants, Living Hood >hefs while e/periencing the miraculous

healing hands and caring hearts that Hilipinos are nown for. >onsistently

recogniIed as one of the few truly integrated medical and wellness resorts in the

world by leading publications and sophisticated travelers, this award"winning

resort in -atangas, )hilippines offers a complete immersion into healthy and

mindful living.

;edicated to the promotion of overall health and well"being, The Harm

specialiIes in G+ellness ?olidaysG or G?ealing RetreatsG. A specialty retreat is the

)erformance nhancement program, a powerful, weelong e/perience designed

to help one mae positive lasting lifestyle changes through integrative wellness

methods. The HarmEs team of professionals creates a personaliIed plan to

improve oneEs physical"emotional health, spiritual vitality, fitness 7 movement,

nutrition, and stress management. 2ther e/pertise includes treatment of lifestyle

related diseases such as digestive disorders, weight loss, diabetes, infertility,

arthritis, hypertension, and other chronic degenerative diseases. ach program is

designed to be specific to the individual to achieve optimal health 7 recovery.

Additional on"site amenities include three swimming pools, a bouti*ue,

library, meeting hall, woring organic gardens, open air yoga amphitheater, and

gym. +ith 0ust @4 rooms, privacy and personaliIed service is guaranteed in this

pictures*ue setting.


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The Harm at 9an -enito is a world"renowned holistic health and wellness

retreat. Nestled amidst a lush tropical forest with the impressive Mount Malarayat

as its bacdrop. Also an ideal for sanctuary for soul searchers and those in need

of a literal physical or spiritual healing get away spot for a romantic and rela/ing

retreat for health enthusiasts or those looing for full immersion in a lifestyle

leading to a hale and hearty mind and body.

Their facilities are Accessible to Mount Malarayat Dolf 7 >ountry >lub and

9ummit )oint Dolf and >ountry >lub, both of which offer stunning scenery and

year"round golf activities. uropean"inspired holistic wellness services

supervised by on"site medical doctors.%F natural and organic spa treatments

made fresh daily, health and fitness center offering a variety of high and low

impact activities.

(ndoor and outdoor private area designed for *uiet moments and

communing with nature a swimming pool, wide gardens, and stone walways.

The Harm -outi*ue, which has a range of products for sale, transportation

services and business center, laundry facilities, and room service. $The Harm at

9an -enito -atangas, @%@'

The Harm at 9an -enito has a good and rela/ing ambience. >onsideration

to nature is very important to this type of structure and this study gives an idea to

the proponent on choosing and proper designing the site vicinity to achieve the

goal of having a rela/ing and comfortable environment which is very important to

on health maintenance of every person.

A'e5!ua Wellne## Centre

6atipunan Avenue +hite )lains, OueIon >ity

AmeIcua +ellness >entre is an oasis for serenity and re0uvenation with

its combination of integrative diagnostic and screening facilities, spa treatments,

wellness therapies, and fitness activities designed to guide one towards a healthy


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lifestyle. The first modern urban medispa in the )hilippines, boasting a team of

well"trained, licensed professionals who care for, and pamper clients with C"star

service throughout their visit. All of AmeIcua’s services are based on the concept

that true health comes with the balance of body, mind, and spirit. As such, it

offers a comprehensive approach to health care with traditional, alternative

therapies and treatments that complement modern methods. No other

establishment has been able to e*ual its standards in terms of having e/actly the

same ind of service offerings in a highly"comfortable, e/clusive environment J

so much so that it was nominated !-est Medi9pa# in the -accarat Asia 9pa

Awards @K.

AmeIcua is differ from hospital because it offers a holistic approach to

restoring the balance of the body, mind, and spirit, and thus bring bac *uality to

life amidst the fast pace of modern living. AmeIcua advocates the use of

preventive medicine to detect weanesses in the system before the symptoms of

disease manifest in the body. ?ospitals use synthetic drugs to alleviate the

problem as it e/ists in its current state5 AmeIcua uses complementary methods

that tacle the source of the problem, aiming to prevent disease by strengthening

the body’s immune system. (f damage has occurred to the system, the >entre

helps in managing the illness or disease by alleviating pain or similar discomfort,

to mae it easier for the individual to deal with the condition .AmeIcua also

espouses the use of homeopathy J natural, organic"based medicine that has a

therapeutic effect on almost any health condition. (ts benefits are numerous1no

chemical components, safe, non"to/ic, no ris of overdose, no side effects, and

most of all effective.

AmeIcua’s state"of"the"art medical facilities and service offer the most

comprehensive in Asia, boasting some of the world’s most modern e*uipment

and facilities which are rarely, if a tall, used by other medical establishments

.Meridian 9tress Assessment$M9A' is a high"technology method that measures

electrical energy throughout the body as it passes through acupoints and

meridians. M9A shows normal, wea, and stressed areas, and indicates possible

remedies. 2nly AmeIcua has this high"technology machine in the )hilippines. (t

is recommended for those who have suffered stroes, nerve problems, and

psychological and emotional problems.

A spa helps maintain one’s physical, mental, and emotional well"being by

providing an environment for serenity and re0uvenation5 while addressing various

body needs such as stimulation of the system, improving circulation, relieving

aches and pains, and reducing tension and an/iety. 9ervices include body


24/45

massage, scrubs and wraps, basic facial, and hand and foot treatments that use

only the finest infused herbs, essential oils, minerals, and sea"plant e/tracts to

cleanse, firm and tone the sin, slim down the body, and boost the immune

system and energy levels. $Medical 9pa, @%@'

AmeIcua is a wellness center that is totally different from other e/isting

health institution. Their principles, practices and methods used in treatment are

adoptable to the proposed pro0ect. Many similar therapy and treatments are also

being offered in the proposed pro0ect and this study can give the proponents an

idea on the design solution.

Ananda -ar%a Wellne## Center

Natural ?ealing in the )hilippines)agsabungan, Mandaue, >ebu, )hilippines

9ituated in a *uiet neighborhood of >ebu, the Ananda Marga +ellness

>enter is the countryEs first affordable stay"in alternative healing center. (t

practices a holistic approach to health through various natural therapies, the

practice of yoga, meditation and vegetarian diet. They do not only assist their

students in their healing, but they also teach them the path to life"long health.

They empowers people to overcome problems caused by e/cess fat, stress and

disease, to cure themselves through a system of natural therapy without

depending on medicines, to become physically fit, mentally rela/ed and fully

conscious and to learn new healthy systems of eating, e/ercise, drining water

and harmonious thought. They offer a complete systematic, in"patient natural

therapy program. ;aily activities are not only therapeutic but also entertaining

and educative.

Located on the tropical island of >ebu, )hilippines, AM +ellness is a

deto/ health center $also called a natural health farm or natural health resort'

using holistic healing and natural therapy to overcome disease and achieve total

health and well"being. They also teach their students the eys to life"long health

through the practice of yoga, meditation and vegetarian diet.

Rather than use the word !patient#, they prefer to call the people who

come to their center !students# because the student


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herbal colonic cleansing, mudenter is in a

village with mostly dirt roads. ven though it is only a few minutes away from the

city, the air is clean and fresh and there is a small number of goats and cows

graIing in the empty lots across the street and nearby. The houses are a mi/ of

well"to"do and wooden huts.

Their facilities include student’s bedrooms available for sharing or private

use. The innermost room called !the cave#, designed by renowned artist

ayarisna, is where they often do meditation, yoga, art worshops and classes.

Their hall upstairs is also for yoga classes and group meditation. The open

itchen is where cooing classes are held to teach students vegetarian cooing.

The garden and lawn is a good place to have sunbathed and other treatments. (t

is also ideal for fun activities and games. Though their property is small it is rich

in foliage and vegetation. $Natural ?ealing )hilippines, @%@'

The practices and approach of Amanda Marga +ellness >enter is

adoptable to the proposed pro0ect. Their facilities can be used as basis for

maing a design solution to the proposed pro0ect.

THE -EDICAL CIT4 6Wellne## Center7

2rtigas Avenue, )asig >ity

The facility is located on a %.C"hectare property along 2rtigas Avenue in

the business district of )asig >ity, Metro Manila. (t is composed of %%C,

s*uare meters of floor space and includes two Nursing Towers, which can be

fitted for up to 3 beds, 0oined by a )odium, bridgeways, and a Medical Arts

Tower. The %3 floors of the Medical Arts Tower house @3 doctorsE clinics and

select commercial spaces. Located within the si/"floor )odium are diagnostic and

intervention facilities, as well as support and administrative offices. The three"

level basement paring accommodates over a thousand vehicles. The comple/ is

also e*uipped with a broad range of state"of"the"art security features, an

advanced building management system, and biosafety features incorporated into

sensitive patient areas.


26/45

TM> also serves as the hub for a networ of satellite clinics and hospitals,

delivering a full range of diagnostic and therapeutic services to patients in Manila

and select provinces. TM>Es aggressive national e/pansion strategy

demonstrates a commitment to bringing its uni*ue, world"class brand of health

care straight to the communities of its patients.

The >enter for +ellness and Aesthetics is a flagship program of The

Medical >ity, dedicated as a one"stop shop for preventive, promotive, proactive,

diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitative interventions, and employs methods

and methodologies guided by the principles of evidence"based medicine. The

>enter helps people adopt a healthier lifestyle and facilitates positive health

behavior changes through a combination of efforts to enhance awareness,

change behavior and create environments that support good health practices. (t

offers organiIed, comprehensive services appropriate to various segments J

from the young to the young at heart.

The ;epartment of )hysical Medicine and Rehabilitation focuses on

prevention, rehabilitation, and the clinical management of problems associated

with disability, and facilitate one’s return to his previous lifestyle after a condition

that re*uires prolonged healing, or in spite of the presence of irreversible

pathological deficits. +ith the comple/ity of a situation involving various

disabilities, the specialty is based on a holistic approach to medical care utiliIing

the interdisciplinary team approach. Rehabilitation is an integral part of total

medical care. (t is best achieved through the coordinated wor of various health

disciplines headed by a physiatrist. The interdisciplinary team is composed of

physical therapists, occupational therapists, speech therapists, nurses,

vocational and social worers, and other medical specialists. All patients referred

to us are considered individual persons, and not 0ust patients with disease.

They cater to patients suffering from a wide range of conditions such as,

but not restricted to: pain syndrome: low bac pain, nec pain, arthritis. )ediatric

conditions: cerebral palsy, spina bifida, developmental delay, 9MA, muscular

dystrophy. Neuromuscular conditions: multiple sclerosis, )arinson’s disease ,

myasthenia gravic , guillain barre syndrome, poliomyelitis. 9ports"related

conditionsardiac conditions: myocardial

infarction, angioplasty, cabg. Neurologic conditions: stroe, traumatic brain in0ury,


27/45

peripheral nerve in0ury, spinal cord in0ury. 2ther medical conditions: diabetes

mellitus, obesity5 metabolic disorders, Renal ;iseases.

The 2ut"patient >hemotherapy nit is specially designed for patients who

only wish to be provided chemotherapeutic medications without having to be

confined in the hospital. $The Medical >ity, @%@'

Medical >ity is a high rise structure and offers a high *uality of security

management. This type of building is not applicable on the proposed pro0ect but

the security management can be adopted for patient security. 2ther services of

Medical >ity is not applicable in the center but it can also gives an idea to the

proponents.

Oa/""d Wellne## Center

>orinthian )laIa 9uite %@, %@% )aseo de Ro/as

Legaspi Billage, Maati >ity, )hilippines

The 2awood +ellness >enter, a totally new concept of natural medicine

clinic, is practicing Advanced Alternative Medicine. The uni*ueness of this clinic

is providing Alternative ?ealing combined with both +estern and 2riental

Medicine. (t is a private Natural Medicine >linic that provides *uality patient care.

Their physicians are both 6oreans and Hilipinos, who were all well" trained to

their chosen specialiIation. They are providing e/cellent services with high

regards to the welfare of each individual who has specific health problem.

They provide *uality time to every client with accommodating attitude and

in approachable manner, offering solutions and remedy to each individual. The

registered nurses, nutritionist and psychologist are all highly competent to their

area of specialties. They also undergone in depth trainings and orientation about

2riental Medicine.

The facilities and e*uipments are highly moderniIed, and accessible to

the general public. The clinic offers the highest degree of *uality care in the field

of Acupuncture, Aromatherapy, -M9( $-ody, Mind, 9pirit, and (ntegration'

therapy, >helation therapy, Bitamin > Mega"dose therapy, ;eto/ification Therapy,

Lights and 9ound therapy $-rain +ave therapy', Meditation and Mind Therapy,

2/ygen Therapy, Thermotherapy, and specially designed physical e/ercises. (n

addition, the clinic offers wellness products lie slimming in0ectable medication,

food enIyme supplements, and herbal medicine that are proven, highly effective,


28/45

and safe for use because it is made from plantEs seeds, berries, roots, leaves,

bar, or flowers for medicinal purposes which are non to/ic and natural.

2awood +ellness >enter was registered in 9ecurity and /change

>ommission on the %Kth of 9eptember @&.

+ellness comes from within5 diseases originate from our mind. At the

present time, +estern Medicine is focused in treating the physical aspect.

Therefore, -ody, Mind, 9pirit and (ntegration $-M9(' therapy is their basic

philosophy is selflessly dedicated to their patients. The patient’s total health

indeed is their primary concern. They aid in disease prevention and ensure that

their physical energy, emotional health, mental state, and spirit are all into the

patient’s optimum level. Their aim is to be an ideal (ntegrated Natural Medical

>linic recogniIed nationally and internationally. To deliver e/cellent healthcare

through caring and highly *ualified physicians and nurses to utiliIe a world class

diagnostic program and or therapeutic system. To build a fresh and reliable

image of new paradigm of alternative medicine to the people of the )hilippines.

To endeavor and lead a tas to con*uer (ncurable and ?ard"to"cure"diseases .To

e/pand the realm of curing diseases by using !Bital Hood or nIyme Hood#

Their service is lifestyle related diseases $>ancer, ?ypertension, ;iabetes,

etc.' deto/ification, anti"aging, sports in0ury clinic, stress clinic, pediatric clinic,

geriatric diseases and gynecology obesity.

Acupuncture originated in china over five thousand years ago. (t is based

on the belief that health is determined by a balanced flow of *i $also referred to

as chi', the vital life energy present in all living organisms. According to

acupuncture theory, *i circulates in the body along twelve ma0or energy

pathways, called meridians, each lined to specific internal organs and organsystems. There are over one thousand acupoints within the meridian acupoints

within the meridian system that can be stimulated to enhance the flow of *i.

+hen special needles are inserted into these acupoints $0ust under the sin',

they help correct and rebalance the flow of energy and conse*uently relieve pain

and


29/45

properties and their small molecular siIe, maing them one of the therapeutic

agents to easily penetrate bodily tissues.

oga is among the oldest nown systems of health practiced in the whole

world today, and research into yoga practices has had a strong impact on the

fields of stress reduction, mind


30/45

The word chelation is derived from the Dree word chele that means claw

$lie that of a scorpion or crab'. The concept of chelation is based on the

observation that when a certain amino acid comple/ called ;TA $ethylene"

diamine"tetra"acetic acid' comes in contact with certain positively charged metals

and other substances such as lead, iron, copper, calcium, magnesium, Iinc,

plutonium and manganese, it grabs them $hence the chele or claw', and removes

them. >helation therapy is the process of removing from the body the

undesirable ionic material by the infusion, or taing orally, of an organic

compound which has suitable chelating properties.

Light therapy or phototherapy consists of e/posure to daylight or to

specific wavelengths of light using lasers, light"emitting, fluoresence, dichroic

lamps or very bright, full"spectrumlight, for a prescribed amount of time and, in

some cases, at a specific time of day. Light therapy directed at the sin is used to

treat acne vulgaris and neonatal 0aundice, Light therapy which stries the retina

of the eyes is used to treat circadian rhythm disorders such as delayed sleep

phase syndrome. -right light to the eyes treats seasonal affective disorders with

some support for its use also with non"seasonal psychiatric disorders.

2/ygen may be classified as an element, a gas, and a drug. 2/ygen

therapy is the administration of o/ygen at concentrations greater than that in

room air to treat or prevent hypo/emia $not enough o/ygen in the blood'. 2/ygen

delivery systems are classified as stationary, portable, or ambulatory. 2/ygen

can be administered by nasal cannula, mas, and tent.

?erbal medicine is the most ancient form of health care nown to

humanind. ?erbs have been used in all cultures throughout history.

?erbs have always been integral to the practice of medicine. The word

drug comes from the 2ld ;utch word drogge meaning !to dry#, as pharmacists,

physicians, and ancient healers often dried plants for use as medicines. Today

appro/imately @C percent of all prescription drugs are still derived from trees,

shrubs, or herbs. 9ome are made from plant e/tracts5 others are synthesiIed to

mimic a natural plant compound.

The +orld ?ealth 2rganiIation notes that of %%& plant"derived

pharmaceutical medicines, about K4 percent are used in modern medicine in

ways that correlated directly with their traditional uses as plant medicines by

native cultures.


31/45

;eto/ification Therapy involves the removal of to/ic substances. 2ur body

naturally eliminates or neutraliIes to/ins. -ut due to industrial revolution the

accumulation of to/ins $food additives, industrial chemicals, anesthetics and

residue of pharma drugs, pesticides, paint, gasoline, and heavy metals'

surpasses its elimination.

Many alternative medicine practitioners fear an epidemic that they call

bioaccumulation, or a buildup and trapping of to/ic substances in the body that

weaens the organs of elimination as well as the immune system and gradually

erodes health. They also claim that to/ic accumulation alters the bodyEs

metabolism and causes enIyme dysfunction, nutritional deficiencies, hormonal

imbalances, and damaged immune systems, all of which contribute to

physiological and psychological decline.

9ound and music can have a very powerful effect on one’s health. 9ound

Therapy is simple, effective and effortless. -y listening to the specially recorded

music tapes while you go about your daily routine, you can create the changes

needed to enhance your *uality of life. (t is used in hospitals, schools, corporate

offices, and psychological treatment programs.

Recent research has demonstrated that diet alone may not be ade*uate to

supply the nutrients essential for overall good health. +hile most e/perts agree

that nutritional supplements are vital for a variety of illnesses, in0uries, and age"

related problems, vitamin and mineral supplements can also help to maintain

optimal physical and psychological health, and promote longevity and chronic

disease prevention.

nIyme therapy is a plan of dietary supplements of plant and animal

enIymes used to facilitate the digestive process and improve the bodyEs ability to

maintain balanced metabolism.

>hiropractic is a health care discipline which emphasiIes the inherent

recuperative power of the body to heal itself without the use of drugs and

surgery. The practice of chiropractic focuses on the relationship between

structure $primarily the spine' and function $as coordinated by the nervous

system' and how that relationship affects the preservation and restoration of

health.

Bitamin > Megadose Therapy is the consumption of vitamin > $ascorbate'

in doses well beyond the current ;ietary Reference (ntae. (t is given via

intravenous route for faster absorption. Bitamin > is one of the most widely used


32/45

and highly valued vitamins in the world. (t is a recogniIed antio/idant, which has

led to its endorsement by some researchers as a complementary therapy for

improving *uality of life. $2awood +ellness >enter, @%@'

2awood +ellness >enter is very similar to the proposed pro0ect. The

services, facilities and treatments they offered is adoptable and it is useful to the

proponents as bases for the design solution. Lie any other wellness center,

2awood introduced new types of medicine the natural medicine and this is also

one of the goal of the proposed pro0ect, to introduce the natural medicine.

HEALTHCARE WA)TE -ANAGE-ENT

CAPITOL -EDICAL CENTER INC

DNRAL -A>6DR2N;

>apitol Medical >enter (nc. $>M>' is a tertiary hospital located at OueIon

Avenue corner Magbanua 9t., OueIon >ity along a ma0or thoroughfare of Metro

Manila in a middle income area and is very accessible to the nearby low income

areas including some slum and s*uatter settlements.

The >apitol Medical >enter is a modern medical center and has four $4'

ma0or departments namely, Medicine, 9urgery, )ediatrics and 2bstetrics

Available facilities in the hospital include Radiology, Laboratory, 9pine >enter

$specialty', >T scan, ltrasound, ?omography and Mammography. The

institutionEs progress over the years can be clearly seen from its rapid e/pansion.Hrom an initial 3"storey building hospital with a %C"patient bed capacity, the

>M> (( $anne/' building was constructed in %&KC after barely C years of operation

to increase their capacity to @ beds and additional doctorsE clinics and offices.

)atient admission also grew from an average of C, at the beginning of its


33/45

operations to %, patients a year at the end of the first decade. A third

building, the >M> (((, was constructed, which presently houses the

>omprehensive 2ut")atient >enter of the hospital. -ed capacity was increased

to @C beds in %&3& with the construction of additional private rooms and

installation of hospital e*uipment. A fourth building started last November %&&

and it will add another % private rooms, new medical e*uipment and a three

floor paring space. This building will e/pand the medical facilities such as

cancer treatment facilities lie cobalt and linear accelerator, and a

comprehensive physical and medical rehabilitation center. (n addition, the

hospital has ac*uired a 8,CKC s*.m neighboring paring lot for future e/pansion.

-ed occupancy rates all along this time averaged 3"3C percent, reaching as

high as &CF during pea periods. )ea periods are those months where the

average patientsE admissions reached more than one hundred seventy $%K'

patients. ;uring the period from uly %&&C to une %&& the average occupancy

rate was KC.4F. As of 9eptember %&& there are 4K8 regular employees of

>apitol Medical >enter. anitorial service is being contracted to the -uilding >are

>orporation while the 9afeguard 9ecurity Agency is rendering security service.

9olid waste management is the responsibility of the houseeeping section under

the administrative department There are a total of C personnel being providedby these two contractors to the >M>.

+A9T MANADMNT )RA>T(>

The houseeeping section under the administrative department is

responsible for the implementation of the hospital policy on waste management.

The 0anitors of the -uilding >are >orporation, the contractor for 0anitorial

services, are under the supervision and control of the houseeeping section. The

maintenance section that is responsible for the maintenance of the infrastructure

for solid waste management is under the engineering department. >lose

coordination with the houseeeping section is being undertaen to eep the

hospital premises clean.

9egregation

There are two 0anitors assigned to each floor. sually, one $%' hour before

the end of each shift the assigned 0anitors collect the waste from each room.

These are brought to the electrical room $3"% s*.m' in each floor that also

serves as the storage and segregation area for hospital waste. After the 0anitors

for each floor collect the blac, yellow, and green plastic bags, they segregate the


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recyclable $paper and cartons' from the blac plastic bags. The supervisor of

0anitors maes the rounds on every shift to ensure that all wastes are collected

properly. The collected wastes are then placed temporarily in a room to await for

the scheduled time for them to use the elevator so that they could place the

garbage in the central storage room. This storage room $3 s*.m' has a two"day

capacity and is located at the bac of the main building. A laboratory aide is

collecting infectious waste for the whole hospital. (nfectious wastes are supposed

to be placed inside the incinerator room, but the incinerator operator instructs the

0anitors to place the yellow plastic bags outside the incinerator room. ;uring data

gathering, yellow plastic bags were observed aligned along those that are going

to the incinerator room. 9yringes are collected and placed in a big plastic

container $hard plastic' at the nurseEs station, these syringes are incinerated.

)reviously, they use to separate the needles from the syringe body $plastic' but

because of the ris and labor involved5 they 0ust incinerate the syringes and the

needles together. The blades of scalpels are included in the sharps container for

disposal while the scalpel handles are autoclave and re"used again. 9eparating

the blades from the handles, forceps are utiliIed to minimiIe possible

contamination or infection. Tools used for segregating waste includes gloves,

liners and carts. 9ome gloves $thic rubber gloves' that are used for non"infectious waste segregation are being autoclaved and reused again. The

laboratory aide usually collects infectious waste around C:8":8 in the

afternoon. (ncineration taes place every night around 3: )M. ?owever, if the

*uantity of infectious waste is minimal, the hospital incinerates them every other

day. ?ospital linen of patients with contagious diseases are segregated from the

rest of the linen and properly tagged. These are soa with a chemical disinfectant

before undergoing the usual laundry procedures. This cleaned linen is then

issued to patients with similar diseases. 2rdinary linen are used up to si/ months

while linen issued to patients occupying hospital suites are used up to three

months. These condemned linen together with other linen are then cleaned and

donated to the Dolden Acres, a home for the aged as rags.

9torage

The storage phase is largely influenced by the siIe of their central storage

room located at the bac of the hospital. (t can only store around two"day

e*uivalent of solid waste generated by the hospital. The unreliability of the

garbage collector assigned to collect from the OueIon >ity government has

adversely influenced the storing of waste by >M>. sually, the garbage collector

collects the waste only one or twice a wee. (n these cases, the waste, plastic


35/45

bags that cannot be accommodated in the storage room are placed near the

incinerator. Traditional recyclable materials such as cullets, cartons and paper

are stored in a bodega inside the hospital. +hen sufficient *uantity has

accumulated the personnel in charge of selling these materials call the cullet

traders andommercial, a business entity that buys placentas from hospitals in Metro

Manila. (n cases where the mothers re*uest to eep the placentas, the hospital

gives the placentas to the mothers. There are some parents who bury the

placentas in their yards in the belief that these will help their lives to financially

prosper while others bury them together with ballpens or pencils in the belief that

the children will become talented. 9ome parents plant trees on the spots where

they bury the placentas in the belief that the newly born child will have long lives

lie the trees planted. )resently, )rime >ommercial has stopped buying the

placentas. >M> disposes them together with other biodegradable to produce

compost that will be used in the hospital premises and for the residence of the

head of the hospital. The hospital is presently looing for other buyers of

placentas. (n the meantime, these placentas are buried in a pit inside the hospitalgrounds near the paring lot. The hospital management has given instructions to

the security force to prevent unauthoriIed

persons from entering the storage area and collecting recyclable materials. This

was a response to previous incidences wherein scavengers were retrieving

recyclable and in the process scattering the waste ven stray dogs are not

allowed to go near the storage room to rummage or scavenge -ased on

interviews with some ey informants in the hospital, it is estimated that around

3F"&F compliance on waste segregation is being achieved by >M>. Hre*uent

violators are visitors of patients who are ignorant or apathetic to the ongoing

segregation of the hospital

>ollection

The collection of solid waste from the hospital is the responsibility of the

local government unit. (n the case of >M>, the OueIon >ity government is

responsible for the collection, transport and disposal of solid waste. ?ospital

waste is collected together with other municipal waste within their 0urisdiction The

OueIon >ity government utiliIes contractors for the collection of solid waste RN

Transport one of the solid waste collectors of OueIon >ity covers the area of

>M>. An open garbage truc $%@"%C cubic meter capacity' is assigned by the


36/45

contractor to collect all the hospital waste in OueIon >ity. RN Transport collects

the bul of the hospital waste generated by >M>. The garbage collector

servicing ma0ority of the hospitals in OueIon >ity is >arlito Manuel, who is an

employee of RN Transport. ?e drives the garbage truc that collects hospital

waste in OueIon >ity. sually, he has four helpers with him in collecting garbage

from the hospitals 2ne helper is tased to segregate the recyclable on top of the

truc $palero' while the three helpers collect the waste. ?is assigned truc

figured in a vehicular accident recently and he is borrowing a truc from his fellow

drivers to collect the waste from the hospitals. The lac of transport adversely

affects the collection of waste in his assigned route. >M> generates

appro/imately C bags $around .@ cubic meter per bag' a day. (n addition, the

contractor also collects the ashes that are produced in incineration. These are

stored in plastic bags or sacs and placed in cartons $@4G / %CG / 3G' including

burned needles and blades. The hospital produces an average of 8"4 cartons of

ashes a month. Hor each load of waste being delivered in the dumpsite, the

operator of the )ayatas ;umpsite is charging a dumpsite fee of )@ . This is

partially defrayed by the incentives being paid by some private hospitals as in the

case of >M> where it is giving )K. a wee to the garbage collector.

(ncinerator

>M> uses a commercial type of incinerator that was bought around %&&.

Through the years, the incinerator was periodically rehabilitated and remodeled

to its present form. )resently, the incinerator uses L)D gas fuel and can

incinerate around C g per loading. The firing time of the incinerator is at

nighttime. There are plans to replace the incinerator by anuary %&&K The

proposed incinerator can accommodate even the general waste of the hospital if

the garbage collector fails to collect their waste. The bigger incinerator can also

accommodate the to/ic and haIardous waste of other hospitals for incineration.

Reuse and Recycling

The driver of the garbage truc assigned to collect the hospital waste

deliver the recyclable to >laritaEs un 9hop at )ayatas, OueIon >ity, a 0unshop

owned by his mother who specialiIes on hospital waste The recyclable that are

normally retrieved are paper, empty bottles, plastic, and cartons. The infectious

materials such as blades and syringes are not usually retrieved by the paleros of

the garbage truc. mpty de/trose bottles are segregated and crashed to


37/45

produce cullets in the hospital. This is also done to reduce the volume of waste in

the hospital. The cullets are then sold to two 0unshop specialists namely,

>hrisma nterprise and Mallari Trading for a total of around )@, to )8, a

month ncontaminated paper and cartons are also segregated in the hospital.

>onfidential papers are shredded before these are sold to the buyers through

oral bidding. These are then sold to interested buyers who pic up these

recyclable. These buyers are usually itinerant buyers of recyclable who own or

rent a vehicle to pic up the materials from the hospital. The buying prices of

recyclable vary depending on the prevailing buying prices in Metro Manila. The

purchasing department is negotiating the selling prices of these recyclable with

the buyers The proceeds of the sales go directly to the Treasury of >apitol

Medical >enter )reviously, scavengers enter the hospital premises and separate

paper and other recyclable from the blac plastic bags ?owever, when

management found out the practice and the mess that this created, it instructed

the 0anitors to automatically separate papers and cartons to centraliIed the

retrieval of materials and prevent the unhygienic conditions that this practice has

created. -iodegradable waste from the itchen and canteen are stored and

collected every day by a businessperson for hog"feed -esides food waste, she

also collects used cooing oil. >ollection time is usually at around 4: in themorning when there are minimal activities in the hospital.

HER+AL -EDICINE FOR ALTERNATIVE HEALTH CARE

Heral$#' And The D$erent T2(e# O Heral -ed$!$ne

?erbalism is a reputable profession and has been for many thousand

years, it actually laid the groundwor base for modern medicine, botany,

pharmacy, aromatherapy and chemistry, unfortunately the attraction with

technology and other reasons, and it was relegated to an e/perimental and

partially wonderful art. ?erbalism is both an art and a science, which has always

varied well with other treatments. Thriving today using whole plants to treat whole

people and it is as significant now as in the secluded past, and perhaps will be

more applicable in the future now that has been re"discovered.

$http:


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>hinese ?erbalism is one of the main components of traditional >hinese

medicine $T>M' or 2riental medicine $2M'. (n traditional >hinese medicine,

herbs are use in alternative with other techni*ue lie acupuncture or massage.

>hinese medicine is a holistic medical system, which it loos at treating a patient

as a whole person, looing at the mental and spiritual health, as well as the

physical health of the individual. (llness is seen as a disharmony or imbalance

among aspects of the individual.

Ayurveda was derived from the two 9ansrit words " Ayus, or !life# and

Beda, or !nowledge#. Ayurveda has been translated as !the nowledge of life#

and as !the science of life#. (t has been suggested but one modern writer that a

more appropriate translation would be !the nowledge of life span#. According to

Ayurvedic philosophy, !?ealth is dependent upon one’s ability to live in harmony

with one’s self and with the e/ternal universe. Traditionally, as much attention

was given to illnesses of the mind as to the illnesses of the body.# According to

Ayurveda, !Life is a combination of the senses, mind, body and soul.# This

system believes that human beings and nature should be in perfect

synchroniIation and that diseases occur when there is an imbalance between

body’s three humors, the vata or nerve energy5 pitta or catabolic fire energy5 and

apha or anabolic nutritive energy. Restoration of this primary balance with the

help of innate products is the main goal of this medicinal branch.

+estern herbalism is a form of the healing arts that draws from herbal

traditions of urope and the Americas and that emphasiIes the study and use of

uropean and Native Americans herbs in the management and prevention of

illness. +estern herbalism is based on physicians and herbalists clinical

e/perience and traditional nowledge of medicinal plants remedies preserved by

oral tradition and in written records over thousands of years. +estern herbalism

lie much older system of traditional >hinese medicine relies the synergistic and

restorative properties of the plant to treat symptoms and disease and maintain

health. This type has evolved along with western civiliIation. (t is conse*uently

describe here in terms of the communal cultural history form Drees to the

present day. ?ippocrates categoriIed all foods and herbs by the *ualities of hot,

cold, dry or damp and this related to the four elements water, earth, fire and air.

Heral -ed$!$ne# A((r"&ed +2 The De(art'ent O Health

This is the list of the ten medicinal plants that ;2? through its Traditional

?ealth )rogram have endorsed. All of these ten herbs have been thoroughly


39/45

tested and have been clinically proven to have medicinal value in the relief and

treatment of various ailments.

1. Aa(ul" $Cassia alata' " also nown as !bayabas"bayabasan# and !ringworm

bush# in nglish, this herbal medicine is used to treat ringworms and sin fungal

infections

. A'(ala2a $Momordica charantia' " nown as !bitter gourd# or !bitter melon# in

nglish, it is most nown as a treatment of diabetes and for non"insulin

dependent patients

3. +a/an% $ Allium sativum' " popularly nown as !garlic#, it mainly reduces

cholesterol in the bl

center for integrative medicine

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