centre for wireless communications giga final results promotion 29.3.2011 markku juntti oulun...

GIGA Project ResultsUniversity of Oulu / CWCCentre for Wireless Communications

Prof. Markku Juntti

Centre for Wireless Communications (CWC) and Telecommunication Laboratory

Research unit within the Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, which belongs to the Faculty of Technology (School of Engineering)Responsible for research and education in communication engineeringTotal staff about 120Groups:

Communication Signal ProcessingRadio Access TechnologiesInternetworkingApplied Systems

GIGA Seminar 2011 © M. Juntti et al., University of Oulu, Dept. Electrical and Inform. Eng., Centre for Wireless Communications (CWC) 8

CWC Research Arena

CWC Overview

Funding and Staff RESEARCH FUNDING in € 1995-2010

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Research personnel

Management and administration

CWC Research funding division in 2009CWC Research funding division in 2009


CWC Projects in GIGA ProgramAATE Adaptation of Antennas to Usage EnvironmentsCOGNAC Cognitive and Opportunistic Wireless Communication NetworksCROSSNET Crosslayer Solutions For Broadband Wireless AccessCUBS Concepts for Ultra Wideband Radio SystemsMITSE MIMO Techniques for 3G System and Standard EvolutionNETS2020 Networks of 2020PANU Packet Access Networks with Flexible Spectrum UseWINNER+ Wireless world INitiative NEw Radio+

IMTA IMT-Advanced evaluation


Inter-Operator Resource Sharing


NS = Non-Sharing (reference)ALL = Always to Least LoadedSSU = Sharing as a Secondary UserSIMPLE SNR and SNR+LL utilize linkquality information

T. Haataja, ”Performance studies on inter-operator resource sharing algorithms”, Master’s Thesis, 2009.

Throughput is defined as the number of bits persecond transferred over the whole system

• All algorithms show moderate to significant gains compared to NS case under all loading conditions

• Gains increase with network loading

• SNR and SNR + LL algorithms provide the highest gains, up to 30 –50 % increased throughput when compared to NS case

• ALL algorithm provides 15 – 20 % increase under moderate loading

• SSU provides constant gains, which settle between the gains of ALL and SNR based algorithms

• The gain saturation of ALL and SSU algorithms are more visible under heavy loading

eMAC Protocol for Multihop Networks


Normalized Throughput for Different MAC Schemes in Double-Hop System

0.60.61250.625

0.63750.65

0.66250.675

0.68750.7

0.71250.725

0.73750.75

0.76250.775

0.78750.8

0.81250.825

0.83750.85

0.86250.875

0.88750.9

0.91250.925

0.93750.95

10 20 30 40 50

Sub-clusters Node Population

eMACAMACADBTMAFAMA - NCSMACA - BIIEEE 802.11

K. Ghaboosi and M. Latva-aho, ”A novel topology aware MAC protocol for the next generationwireless ad hoc networks” in Proc. IEEE VTC2007-Spring, Dublin, Ireland, pp. 41-45.

Standard

New proposal

Proposals fromthe literature

Coginite Radio System and Network

GIGA Seminar 2011 © M. Juntti et al., University of Oulu, Dept. Electrical and Inform. Eng., Centre for Wireless Communications (CWC)


Channel history database

2SUs

3SUs4SUs

Cooperative sensing of primary spectrum user by Secondary Users

Probability of PU detection

Probability of false alarm

Obtaining spectrum info

PSTN

Internet

VoIP Proxy

NAT+ Firewall

CWC’s ExperimentalCognitive Radio NetworkOn WARP

LE-WARP

LE-WARP

LE-WARP

LE-WARP

LE-WARP

LE-WARP

LE-WARP

LE-WARP LE-

WARP

LE-WARP

Primary UserSecondary UserEthernet

Laptop w/VoIP Client

Cognitive radio demonstrations

Testbed for Advanced Multiantenna Transceiver Techniques

The testbed is based on running the EB4Gv2 together with MATLAB simulator and PROPSim radio channel emulator.

10

Example: 4x4 MU-MIMO Scenario

2 Users4 TX antennas at BS2 RX antennas for each user

11

Multiuser scheme

Evaluation of IMT-A Proposals

WINNER+ project was one of the external evaluator groups for IMT-Advanced systems in ITU-RIMT-A evaluation activity in WINNER+

a complete evaluation of LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) proposed by 3GPP,

The different concepts and technology solutions submitted to ITU-R were evaluated by means of link and system level simulations

According to the requirements of ITU-R for IMT-A and targets of standardisation for IMT-A.

LTE-A system was shown to comply with the IMT-A requirements set by ITU-R

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Spectral efficiency results vs. ITU-R requirements for IMT-A systems

Results are based on the system level simulation guidelines defined by ITU-R and LTE-Advanced system assumptions

Results are included to the report submitted to ITUhttp://www.itu.int/ITU-R/index.asp?category=study-

groups&rlink=rsg5-imt-advanced =en

Scenario Spectral efficiency [bits/s/Hz/cell]

Cell edge user spectral efficiency [bits/s/Hz/cell]

Requirement Result Requirement Result

Indoor hot spot

3 4.92 0.1 0.149

Urban micro 2.6 2.75 0.075 0.086

Rural macro 1.1 1.88 0.04 0.055

Crossnet Laboratory


MIMO-OFDM SystemOFDM based multiple antenna system with NT transmit and NRreceive antennasReceived signal y=Hx+

where H is the channel matrix,x is the transmitted symbol vector,

is a noise vector.

GIGA Seminar 2011 © M. Juntti et al., University of Oulu, Dept. Electrical and Inform. Eng., Centre for

Complexity-Latency Trade-off

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Receiver Latency Complexity Decoding rate

LMMSE 50.6 ns 30187 slices 316 Mb/s

SIC 58.75 ns 31017 slices 228 Mb/s

8-best LSD 347 ns 50942 slices 46 Mb/s

8-best LSD, 2 iter. 391 ns 50942 slices 46 Mb/s

4x4 16-QAM, Latency of detecting one symbol

As the number of antennas and the modulation order increase, the complexity and latency also increase. It then becomes more difficult to utilize the throughput increase provided by the extra antennas or higher modulation.

GIGA Seminar 2011 © M.

Hand + head effect on mobile terminal antenna

Measured absorption & mismatch losses in the calling mode with different hand grips.


M. Berg, M. Sonkki and E. Salonen, ” Experimental Study of Hand and Head Effects to Mobile Phone Antenna Radiation Properties” in Proc. EuCAP 2009, Berlin, Germany, pp. 437-440.S. Myllymaki, A. Huttunen, M. Berg, M. Komulainen and H. Jantunen ”A method for measuring user-induced load on a mobile terminal antenna”, Electronics Letters, vol.45, no.21, pp.1065-1066, October 8 2009

• Results show that the user’s hand very close to the antenna element causes a large influence on the antenna operation.

• Total efficiency decrease is mainly due to the absorption to head and hand.• The user caused impedance mismatch has a minor influence on the total

efficiency decrease.

Active method

Antenna diversity switchingLeast loaded in use

Implemented with Four Planar Inverted-F Antennas (PIFA) and with Capacitive coupling elements (CCE)Capacitive sensors used to sense the user proximityDecreases the absorption to the hand.User effect compensation up to 5 dB.

User effect compensation

Passive methodNew antenna that isunsensitive for user handAntenna consist of twofolded dipoles symmetrically implemented on both side of mobile ground planeCombination of metal bezel and ground plane are used as a radiating element

Mobile phone is the antennaThe antenna structure uses symmetrical feeding to create magnetic ground plane between the folded dipoles


-10-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-10

1850 1870 1890 1910 1930 1950 1970 1990

Tot

al ef

ficie

ncy,

[dB

]

Frequency [MHz]

Antenna 1, free spaceAntenna 2, free spaceAntenna 1, handAntenna 2, hand

user effectcompensation

Measured total efficiency of elements 1 and 2 with different hand grips.

Measured hand losses with 4 different handgrips.

-1

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0,88 0,9 0,92 0,94 0,96

Han

d L

osse

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Metal Bezel

Grip1Grip 2Grip 3Grip 4

UWB Cellular Coexistence


Measurement scenarios varied from realistic to highly excessive ultra-wideband device densities

Analytical physical layer energy consumption models


Expected energy consumption per information bit for the FEC and ARQ methods in the multihop scenario

FEC technique is preferred for WSN applications because it is efficient also in bad channel conditions.

Conclusion

Eight research project + one subprojectNine (9) direct partner companies

Eight (8) more via Celtic cooperation

Numerous national and international research partners / collaboratorsSome measurable outputs:

Scientific international journal papers: 64Scientific international journal papers: ~230Doctoral dissertations: 18Invention disclosures: 61

Tekes funding and programs are highly important both for academic excellence and commercial impact


The End

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!ANY QUESTIONS?



Partners: CWC, Microelectronics and Materials Physics Lab., Univ. of Oulu, Aalto University/SMARAD, Elektrobit (2008), Nokia Devices, Pulse Finland and Tekes.Co-operation with:

Technical University of Valencia, Spain (research exchange)University of Nice, France (research exchange)

Selected Topics: Characterization of user effect on mobile terminal antennas on the frequency range from 400 MHz to 5000 MHzUser recognition using capacitive sensing systemsCompensation methods to reduce user head and hand effects

Volume (2008 2010): total 144 pm / CWC 54 pmDuration: 36 months (from 1/2008 12/2010)Outputs: 5 journal publications, 9 conference publications, 2 invention disclosures, 3 doctoral theses, 1 licentiate thesis, 4 master theses

AATE Adaptation of Antennas to Usage Environments

COGNAC Cognitive and Opportunistic Wireless Communication Networks

Partners: CWC, VTT, Tekes.Steering group:

Tekes, EB, NetHawk, Nokia Research Center, Nokia Siemens Networks, Finnish Defence Forces, Tieto(Enator), Finnish Communications Regulatory Authority, CWC and VTT

Topics: The development of future wireless networks aiming at an efficient usage of the available resourcesFuture systems need to be aware of the surrounding wireless ecosystem as well as the current status of the available resources. Based on the acquired knowledge the system opportunistically will react, adapting itself (at network and link levels) to achieve better efficiency.Cognac develops fundamental methods for opportunistic use of resources in future cognitive networks

Volume (2008 2010): total 180 pmDuration: 3 years (from 1/2008 12/2010)Outputs: 4 journal publications, 34 conference publications, 3 magazine etc. articles, 1 invention disclosure, 2 doctoral theses (+ one more during 2011).


Partners: CWC, VTT, Elektrobit, Nethawk, Nokia Siemens Networks, Nokia and Tekes.Goal

Creating of testing/development platform for 3GPP LTE systemDeveloping Software models for 3GPP LTE PHY, MAC and RLC layersIntegration of hardware from project partners with CWC’s software models

Topics:Crosslayer optimizationNetwork monitoring

Volume (2008 2010): total 70,5 PM / CWC 40 PMDuration: 27 months (from 4/2008-6/2010)Outputs: 1 Master’s thesis, 1 Magazine Article (“Prosessori”), 1 White paper

CROSSNET Crosslayer Solutions For Broadband Wireless Access


CUBS Concepts for Ultra Wideband Radio Systems

Partners: CWC, Elektrobit, Finnish Defence Forces/Technical Research Centre and Tekes.Co-operation with:

TeliaSonera FinlandNokia Mobile PhonesNemo Technologies

Selected Topics: performance analysisco-existence analysiscapacity studiesenergy efficient channel coding for WSNpositioning algorithms radio channel studyco-existence measurements demonstration development

Volume (1/2004 2/2007): total 145.7 pmDuration: 38 months (from 1/2004-2/2007)

In GIGA: 3/2006 – 2/2007In NETS: 1/2004 – 12/2004

Outputs: 3 journal publications, 22 conference publications, 1 edited book, 1 chapter in book, 2 doctoral theses, 1 licentiate thesis, 5 master theses


Partners: CWC, Elektrobit, Nokia Siemens Networks, Nokia, Texas Instruments, Uninord and Tekes.Co-operation with:

NECST and ECUUS ProjectsInformation Processing Laboratory at the University of Oulu (prof. Silvén)Institute of Digital and Computer Systems at the Tampere University of Technology (prof. Takala)

Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA (prof. Cavallaro)Topics:

MIMO transmission schemes, receiver algorithms and architectures for multi-user OFDM(A) and SC-FDMA systemsBaseband implementation architectures MIMO transceiver schemes and algorithms for downlinkMIMO transceiver schemes and algorithms for uplinkDevelopment and implementation of algorithms

Volume (2006 2010): total 383 pmDuration: 4 years (from 1/2006 3/2010)Outputs: 10 journal publications, 50 conference publications, 18 invention disclosures, 2 doctoral theses, 9 master theses

MITSE MIMO Techniques for 3G System and Standard Evolution


Partners: CWC, Aalto University / TKK, Elektrobit, Ericsson Finland, Nethawk, Nokia, Nokia Siemens Networks, and Tekes.Part of China-Finland Strategic ICT AllianceCo-operation with:

Chinese Wireless Access Project funded by Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST)

Topics: Resource Management for New Network Topologies Layerless Communication in Relay Based NetworksSelf-organization in Dynamic Networks

Volume (2009 2012): total 118 pmDuration: 3 years (from 9/2009 8/2012)Outputs: 2 conference publications, 2 master theses

NETS2020 Networks of 2020


Partners: CWC, Elektrobit, Nokia Siemens Networks, Nokia Technology Platforms, Finnish Defence Forces and Tekes.Co-operation with:

University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA (prof. Ephremides)Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA (prof. Aazhang)

Selected Topics: Radio resource management and sharing in MIMO-OFDM(A) systemsOutdoor-indoor propagation measurement and modelingNovel network topologies to enhance local connectivity (e.g., relays, direct device-to-device links, femtocells)Advanced MAC protocols for opportunistic wireless multihopnetworksFair routing in wireless mesh networks Wireless network cross-layer design and optimization

Volume (2006 2009): total 483 pm / CWC 483 pmDuration: 48 months (from 1/2006 12/2009)Outputs: 39 journal publications, 100 conference publications, 40 invention disclosures, 6 doctoral theses, 7 master theses

PANU Packet Access Networks with Flexible Spectrum Use


WINNER+ Wireless world INitiative NEw Radio+

Wireless world INitiative NEw Radio+Continuation of EU FP6 projects WINNER I and IIOrganised under European Celtic umbrella

Partners: CWC and Tekes.Co-operation with:

WINNER+ consortium, see the next slide Selected Topics:

Research, system integration and evaluation of innovations in areas with high potential of exploitation in IMT-Advanced Harmonisation of innovations Contribution to standard organisationsJoint European input to IMT-Advanced processUtilisation of strong ITU-R ChannelEvaluation and demonstrationExternal Evaluation group for IMT-A in ITU-R

Volume (2008 2010): total 144 pm / CWC 54 pmDuration: 26 months (from 4/2008 6/2010)Outputs: 3 journal publications, 14 conference papers (excluding the joint publications), 2 doctoral theses

http://projects.celtic-initiative.org/winner+/

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WINNER+ Consortium

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RU

WINNER+ Consortium

Figure. WINNER+ Consortium

Main Outcomes of WINNER+

New innovations on RRM, spectrum utilisation and (multi-cell) multiantenna transmission

Public deliverables are available on the the project website http://projects.celtic-initiative.org/winner+/

Reported also in numerous journal and conference articles

Inputs to the standardisation process in ITU-R and 3GPPITU-R channel model mostly developed in WINNER(+)Definitions of evaluation methods

A high-level description of the WINNER+ in IEEE Communications magazine special issue on 'Next Generation 3GPP Technologies’, June’09

“The Road to IMT-Advanced Communication Systems: State-of-the-Art and Innovation Areas Addressed by the WINNER+ Project”

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IMTA IMT-Advanced evaluation

Partners: CWC and Tekes.Cooperation with Winner+, its evaluation extensionCo-operation with:

Winner+ consortiumTopics:

System level evaluation of LTE-A candidate for IMT-A systemsParticipation in the ITU-R evaluation process of IMT-A systems in Celtic Winner+ project

Volume (2009 2010): total 23 pmDuration: 15 months (from 8/2009 10/2010)Outputs: 2 conference publications

CWC Achievements within WINNER+

Multi-user MIMO and Coordinated multipoint TXNew (near-)optimal algorithms for both centralised and distributed CoMP processingPractical multi-user MIMO transmission methods for both DL and UL

Game theoretic approach to spectrum sharing between non-cooperative operatorsChannel measurements and modelling

Relay and distributed antenna systems3D extension to WINNER+ / ITU-R SCM channel model

Hardware demonstration activitiesDeveloped methods/algorithms exhibited in public demos

“WINNER+” book: Wireless Communication for IMT-A & beyond, Wiley, 2011Impact on the IMT-A standardisation process (partially via the IMT-A eval project)

Evaluation of LTE-A -> LTE-A compliant system simulator developedChannel models

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