Economic GrowthCh 10 Sec 1 & 2The Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution

• 1750 – Industrial Revolution began in GB

• 1800 – Industrial Revolution began in US

• Industrial Revolution changed how and where people made goods

CHANGE in how and where goods would be made

• BEFORE the Industrial Revolution, people make goods and cloth at home or in a small workshop. As a result of the Industrial Revolution, people began going to work in factories.

• BEFORE the Industrial Revolution, people used hand tools to make goods. New technology such as steam engines, spinning jenny, and cotton gin allowed some work in the past done by people, to now be done by machine.

Picture shows how people made thread at home – BEFORE industrial revolution

As a result of Industrial Revolution

People began working outside the home. Went to work in factories.

Advantages to factories:1. All manufacturing steps done in one place

2. Increased efficiency (factory system/assembly line) 3. Factories located near water --- use water power.

(1785 – 1st time steam engine provided power for a cotton mill.)

Industrial Rev led to growth of cities/towns (in NE)

Advantages1. libraries, museums,

shops, & jobs2. Earn a wage3. People socialize more

(“Dating” begins.- people will need more and more educ. People postpone marriage to later and later time.)

Disadvantages1. No city planning. Result

– overcrowding, unsanitary conditions, disease, threat of fire

2. Lack of sunlight – tall structures built to close together

3. No sanitation system – raw sewage & animals in street

Important Vocab

Capitalism – the economic system of the US

Capital – money for investment. People put their $ (capital) into a business in hopes of it making a profit (more $)

Free enterprise – another term used to describe the American economy. In a free enterprise system, people are free to buy, sell, and produce whatever they want.

Patent – gives an inventor the sole legal right to the invention and its profits for a certain length of time

Important New Technology

1. Spinning Jenny2. Steam Engine 3. Cotton gin

Cotton gin – created by Eli Whitney in 1793. machine that quickly removed seeds from cotton fiber.

Industrial revolution and cotton gin - actually increased the need for more slaves. Everyone is screaming at the south --- we want more cotton for our factories so we can produce more cloth!!!!

Ch 10 Sec 2 - People Moving West

• 1st census – the official count of a population – 1790.

• U.S. needed new improved methods to travel to sell goods

• $ for first National Road approved in 1803 but took approx 15 years to build

• Private companies built turnpikes (toll roads)

Improved Traveled conti.

• Steam boats – can travel against the current• Canals (363 mile - Erie Canal)