Progressive Presidents

Chapter 18

Theodore Roosevelt

Most Well Known For

• Square Deal

• Nature Conservation

• Naval Expansion

• Food and Drug Act

• Bull Moose Party

• Trustbusting

Environmental Conservation

• Reclamation: The process of making damaged land productive again

• National Parks– National Park Service

• National Conservation Committee– Protection of natural resources

• National Forest Service• Bird Watching Preserves• Game Preserves

National Parks

http://www.theodoreroosevelt.org/life/conNatGame.htm

Square Deal• Hands on with businesses

– Attempted to settle disputes between business owners and workers

– Balance interests of owner, worker, and consumer.

• Arbitration: to let a 3rd party settle the dispute– “See to it that every man has a square deal, no less

and no more.”

• Limit power of trusts• Promote public health and safety

Trustbusting

• 1902 sued Northern Securities Company– Monopoly of railroad shipping– Pursued lawsuits against 44 other trusts– Based it not on size but on whether they were

good or bad for the people

• Elkins Act: forbade shippers from accepting rebates

• Hepburn Act: authorized the ICC to set railroad rates and to regulate interstate commerce.

Pure Food and Drug Act• Forbade the manufacture, sale, or transportation

of food and patent medicine containing harmful ingredients.– Muckrakers exposed drug companies, meat packers,

and food processors were selling dangerous products.– Mixing of dangerous drugs such as cocaine and

morphine

• Meat Inspection Act: required government inspection of meat shipped from one state to another– The Jungle inspectors

Naval Expansion

• Assistant Secretary• Developed a strong navy

– The Great White Fleet– Overseas domination

• Manifest destiny• Against Spain for their domination of Cuba

– Spanish-American War

Rough Riders

• US Cavalry Volunteers• 1,250 men, including cowboys, Native

Americans and eastern college athletes• Roosevelt, having secured a horse, led his

forces in a charge up Kettle Hill outside of Santiago. They achieved their goal and later in the day participated in the victory at San Juan Hill in Cuba

Bull Moose Party

• Said he felt as strong as a “bull moose”• Nominated Taft to represent the Republican

party despite TR winning the primaries• Created a progressive party based on

conservation called the Bull Moose Party• Progressive or Bull Moose Party welcomed

women into leadership positions as no major party had before– Women’s suffrage and rights

• In August 1912 the national convention of the new Progressive Party met in Chicago, and nominated TR for President and Governor Hiram W. Johnson of California for Vice President. In November the Republicans for the first and only time in history came in third in both the popular and electoral vote for President. TR came in second, and because of the split in the normal Republican vote, Democrat Woodrow Wilson was elected