CHAPTER 10

ALCOHOL

CHAPTER 10.1 KEY TERMS

ALCOHOL- DRUG IN WINE, BEER, AND LIQUOR THAT CAUSES INTOXICATION

INTOXICATION- PHYSICAL & MENTAL CHANGES PRODUCED BY DRINKING ALCOHOL

BLOOD ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION- AMOUNT OF ALCOHOL IN A PERSON’S BLOOD, EXPRESSED AS A PERCENTAGE

BINGE DRINKING- DRINKING 5 OR MORE DRINKS IN ONE SITTING CIRRHOSIS- DEADLY DISEASE THAT REPLACES HEALTHY LIVER

TISSUE WITH SCAR TISSUE; MOST OFTEN CAUSED BY LONG-TERM ALCOHOL ABUSE

HANGOVER- SET OF UNCOMFORTABLE PHYSICAL EFFECTS THAT ARE CAUSED BY EXCESSIVE ALCOHOL USE

DEMENTIA- DECREASE IN BRAIN FUNCTION THAT INCLUDES PERSONALITY CHANGES & MEMORY LOSS

SHORT-TERM EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL

NAUSEA VOMITING DEHYDRATION LOSS OF JUDGMENT & SELF-CONTROL REDUCED REACTION TIME POOR VISION MEMORY LOSS BLACKOUT COMA DEATH

SHORT-TERM EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL ON THE BODY

IRRITATES THE MOUTH, THROAT, ESOPHAGUS, & STOMACH- CAUSE PERSON TO FEEL NAUSEATED & TO VOMIT

MAKES THE HEART WORK HARDER- WIDENS BLOOD VESSELS MAKING HEART HAVE TO WORK HARDER TO PUMP BLOOD THROUGH THE WIDE VESSELS

BODY LOSE HEAT- WIDENED BLOOD VESSELS MAKING PERSON FEEL WARM, BUT MAY ACTUALLY BE GETTING TOO COLD. DRINKING ALCOHOL IN COLD WEATHER OR WHILE IN WATER CAN DRAIN TOO MUCH HEAT FROM THE BODY & LEAD TO HYPOTHERMIA.

LIVER WORKS HARDER- LIVER BREAKS DOWN TOXIC SUBSTANCES, ALCOHOL, TO NEUTRALIZE ANY POISONOUS EFFECTS. LIVER CAN ONLY BREAK DOWN ONE ALCOHOLIC DRINK PER HOUR. DRINKING MORE THAN THAT AMOUNT CAUSES ALCOHOL TO BUILD UP & TO STRESS THE LIVER.

DEHYDRATION- BREAK DOWN OF ALCOHOL REQUIRES WATER, WHICH IS TAKEN FROM THE REST OF THE BODY INCLUDING THE BRAIN. CAN KILL BRAIN CELLS.

LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL ON THE BODY

MOUTH, ESOPHAGUS, & STOMACH- STOMACH BLEEDING; CANCER OF THE MOUTH, ESOPHAGUS, & STOMACH

LIVER- HEPATITIS, CIRRHOSIS, LIVER CANCERBRAIN- BRAIN DAMAGE, DEAD BRAIN CELLS DUE TO REPEATED

DEHYDRATION & LACK OF OXYGEN. ALCOHOLISM IS THE 2ND LEADING CAUSE OF DEMENTIA IN THE U.S.

HEART- IRREGULAR HEARTBEAT, HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE (HYPERTENSION), ENLARGEMENT OF HEART, ANEMIA

IMMUNE SYSTEM- DIMINISHED IMMUNE SYSTEM FUNCTION, WHICH MAKES FIGHTING OFF DISEASE DIFFICULT

HANGOVER

RESULT OF SEVERE DEHYDRATION

-HEADACHE

-NAUSEA

-VOMITING

EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL ON THE MIND

1-2 DRINKS- RELAXED, MORE TALKATIVE, LAUGH MORE EASILY

AFTER 2 DRINKS- LOSE ABILITY TO MAKE GOOD DECISIONS, PAY ATTENTION, FOLLOW COMPLEX THOUGHT, OR COPE WITH DIFFICULT SITUATIONS. LOSES INHIBITIONS. INHIBITIONS- NATURAL LIMITS THAT PEOPLE PUT ON THEIR BEHAVIOR

AFTER A FEW MORE DRINKS- LOSE ABILITY TO FOCUS EYES, SLURS SPEECH, LOSES CORDINATION, LOSES JUDGEMENT, MAY EXPERIENCE DRASTIC MOOD SWINGS, MAY BECOME SEXUALLY AGGRESSIVE OR ENGAGE IN UNPLANNED OR UNPROTECTED SEXUAL ACTIVITY

ALCOHOL EQUIVALENCE

GROUP DISCUSSION

WHAT FACTORS DETERMINE YOUR BLOOD ALCOHOL CONTENT?

4 PEOPLE IN FRONT OF THE CLASSWHO WOULD BE ABLE TO DRINK

MORE?ASK QUESTIONS IF YOU LIKE

Factors That Influence Blood Alcohol Concentration

GenderBody WeightNumber of drinks consumed within a

period of timeWhether alcohol is consumed with a

mealBlood alcohol content - Wikipedia, the fre

e encyclopedia

ALCOHOL POISONING

FOR MOST PEOPLE 8 DRINKS OR MORE IN AN HOUR CAUSE THE AREAS OF THE BRAIN THAT CONTROL BREATHING & HEART RATE TO BECOME DANGEROUSLY DEPRESSED.

THE BRAIN & HEART MAY STOP WORKING

SYMPTOMS OF ALCOHOL POISONING EXTREME VOMITING LOSS OF

CONSCIOUSNESS DANGEROUSLY SLOWED

BREATHING

IF PERSON HAS PASSED OUT FOR DRINKING: CALL 911

IMMEDIATELY TURN VICTIM ON

SIDE

ALCOHOL POISONING

ALCOHOL POISONING

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CIRRHOSIS

DISEASE THAT REPLACES HEALTHY LIVER TISSUE WITH SCAR TISSUE & IS USUALLY CAUSED BY LONG TERM ALCOHOL USE

WHAT IS THE STEREOTYPE OF AN ALCOHOLIC?

CHAPTER 10.2 KEY TERMS

ALCOHOL ABUSE- DRINKING TOO MUCH, TOO OFTEN, OR AT INAPPROPRIATE TIMES.

ALCOHOLISM- DISEASE THAT CAUSES APERSON TO LOSE CONTROL OF HIS OR HER DRINKING BEHAVIOR; PHYSICAL & EMOTIONAL ADDICTION TO ALCOHOL.

ENABLING- HELPING AN ADDICT AVOID THE NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES OF HIS OR HER BEHAVIOR.

CODEPENDENCY- CONDITION IN WHICH A FAMILY MEMBER OR FRIEND SACRIFICES HIS OR HER OWN NEEDS TO MEET THE NEEDS OF AN ADDICT.

FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME (FAS)- SET OF PHYSICAL & MENTAL DEFECTS THAT AFFECT A FETUS THAT HAS BEEN EXPOSED TO ALCOHOL BECAUSE OF THE MOTHER’S CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL DURING PREGNANCY.

4 STAGES OF ALCOHOLISM

PROBLEM DRINKING- EXPERIMENTATION, SOCIAL DRINKING

TOLERANCE- TAKES MORE ALCOHOL TO FEEL THE SAME EFFECTS FELT WHEN FIRST DRINKING ALCOHOL

DEPENDENCE- PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE, DRINKER’S BODY BEGINS TO NEED THE ALCOHOL TO FUNCTION NORMALLY. EXPERIENCES WITHDRAWAL SUCH AS ANXIETY, SWEATING, SHAKING, & NAUSEA

ALCOHOLISM- ADDICTED TO ALCOHOL & CAN NOT CONTROL HIS OR HER DRINKING, PUTS IT BEFORE EVERYTHING ELSE

4 RISK FACTORS FOR ALCOHOLISM

AGE- TEENS WHO START DRINKING BEFORE AGE 15 ARE 4 TIMES MORE LIKELY TO BECOME ALCOHOLICS THAN PEOPLE THAT WAIT UNTIL THEY ARE 21

SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT- PEER PRESSURE, PERSUASIVE ADVERTISING

GENETICS- RUNS IN FAMILIES. MALE CHILDREN OF ALCOHOLIC FATHERS HAVE A 25% RISK OF BECOMING ALCOHOLICS. CHILDREN OF NON-ALCOHOLICS HAVE A 7-9%RISK

RISK-TAKING PERSONALITY- PEOPLE WHO ARE IMPULSIVE & ENJOY TAKING RISKS

WARNING SIGNS OF ALCOHOLISM

DRINKING TO DEAL WITH ANGER, FRUSTRATION, & DISAPPOINTMENT

CHANGING FRIENDS, PERSONAL HABITS, & INTEREST

BEING DEFENSIVE ABOUT DRINKING FEELING DEPRESSED DRINKING MORE FOR THE SAME HIGH DRINKING ALONE DRINKING TO GET DRUNK EXPERIENCING MEMORY LAPSES AS A RESULT

OF DRINKING ALCOHOL

6 WAYS ALCOHLISM AFFECTS THE FAMILY

GUILTY FEELINGSUNPREDICTABLE BEHAVIORVIOLENCENEGLECT & ISOLATIONPROTECTING THE ALCOHOLIC

ENABLINGIGNORING ONES OWN NEEDS

CODEPENDENCY

FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME

SYMPTOMS OF WITHDRAWAL

WITHDRAWAL- STOPPING USE OF A DRUG TO WHICH THE BODY IS ADDICTED.

SYMPTOMS: EXTREME NERVOUSNESS HEADACHES CHILLS NAUSEA SEIZURES UNCONTROLLABLE SHAKING

ALCHOLICS ANONYMOUS (AA)

The 12 steps of AA

CHAPTER 10.3 KEY TERM

DESIGNATED DRIVER- PERSON WHO CHOOSES NOT TO DRINK ALCOHOL IN A SOCIAL SETTING SO THAT HE OR SHE CAN SAFELY DRIVE HIMSELF OR HERSELF & OTHERS

DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE (DUI)

DRINKING, DRIVING, & THE LAW

ALCOHOL USE IS ILLEGAL FOR PEOPLE UNDER 21 YEARS OF AGE

DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE (DUI)- ANYONE CAUGHT DRIVING WITH A BLOOD ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION (BAC) OF .08 PERCENT OR GREATER

ZERO TOLERANCE- ILLEGAL FOR ANYONE UNDER 21 TO DRIVE WITH ANY AMOUNT OF ALCOHOL IN THEIR SYSTEMS VIOLATING ZERO TOLERANCE LAWS CAN

RESULT IN LOSS OF DRIVER’S LICENSE, EXPENSIVE FINES, & COMMUNITY SERVICE

GETTING HOME SAFE & SOBER

DON’T DRINKPLAN AHEAD

DESIGNATED DRIVERHAVE AN ARRANGEMENT WITH

YOUR PARENTS OR GUARDIAN TO PICK YOU UP IF YOU NEED A RIDE HOME

CALL A CAB

MADD

- Mothers Against Drunk Driving - Victim Services - Victim and Survivor Stories

YouTube - drunk driving

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