Chapter Two:

Early GreeceChapter Two:

Early Greece

Cultures and Values, 7th Ed.Cunningham and Reich

Cultures and Values, 7th Ed.Cunningham and Reich

History of Early GreeceHistory of Early Greece

The Heroic Age The Age of Colonization The Archaic Period

The Heroic Age The Age of Colonization The Archaic Period

[Image 2.1]Zeus (Poseidon?)

[Image 2.1]Zeus (Poseidon?)

Homer and the Heroic AgeHomer and the Heroic Age

Significance of the Polis Religion, Mythology and Folklore Art & Literature vs. Prayer

Significance of the Polis Religion, Mythology and Folklore Art & Literature vs. Prayer

The Iliad & The OdysseyThe Iliad & The Odyssey

“the Homeric question” Oral Tradition

Epithets, Elaborate Similes Iliad

Theme of Human Responsibility Odyssey

Return of the Epic Hero

“the Homeric question” Oral Tradition

Epithets, Elaborate Similes Iliad

Theme of Human Responsibility Odyssey

Return of the Epic Hero

Art and SocietyArt and Society

Painted Vases Protogeometric (1000-900 B.C.E.)

Concentric circles, semi-circles

Geometric (900-700 B.C.E.) Linear designs, the meander Human Forms (~800 B.C.E.)

Amphoras

Painted Vases Protogeometric (1000-900 B.C.E.)

Concentric circles, semi-circles

Geometric (900-700 B.C.E.) Linear designs, the meander Human Forms (~800 B.C.E.)

Amphoras

Age of ColonizationAge of Colonization

Prosperity of City-States Competition, Image

Wealth + Over-Population = Colonization Italy, Sicily, Egypt, Asia Minor

Trade and Cultural Exposure Orientalizing

Prosperity of City-States Competition, Image

Wealth + Over-Population = Colonization Italy, Sicily, Egypt, Asia Minor

Trade and Cultural Exposure Orientalizing

Visual Arts at Corinth and Athens

Visual Arts at Corinth and Athens

Corinthian Art Eastern Motifs Commercially Successful

Athenian Art Narrative style (Myth, Daily Life)

Trade Rivalry: Corinth vs. Athens

Corinthian Art Eastern Motifs Commercially Successful

Athenian Art Narrative style (Myth, Daily Life)

Trade Rivalry: Corinth vs. Athens

The Beginnings of Greek Sculpture

The Beginnings of Greek Sculpture

Near Eastern and Egyptian influences

Kore, Kouros Increasing Realism, Naturalism

Careful study of human anatomy Representation of Life and vigor

Near Eastern and Egyptian influences

Kore, Kouros Increasing Realism, Naturalism

Careful study of human anatomy Representation of Life and vigor

Sculpture and Painting in the Archaic Period

Sculpture and Painting in the Archaic Period

Solon’s Legal Reformations Tyrants / Artistic Patronage Artistic Developments

Freestanding Figures High & Low Relief Carvings The “Archaic Smile” Vase Painting

Black- and Red-Figure Styles

Solon’s Legal Reformations Tyrants / Artistic Patronage Artistic Developments

Freestanding Figures High & Low Relief Carvings The “Archaic Smile” Vase Painting

Black- and Red-Figure Styles

[Image 2.9]Calf-Bearer

[Image 2.9]Calf-Bearer

[Image 2.10]Peplos Kore

[Image 2.10]Peplos Kore

[Image 2.13]Kritios Boy

[Image 2.13]Kritios Boy

[Image 2.15]Euphronios, painter, Euxitheos,

potter, red-figure calyx krater

[Image 2.15]Euphronios, painter, Euxitheos,

potter, red-figure calyx krater

Architecture:The Doric Order

Architecture:The Doric Order

Simple dignity No Base/20 flutes Capital

Echinus, Abacus Entablature

Architrave, frieze, triglyphs/metopes Cornice, Pediment

Simple dignity No Base/20 flutes Capital

Echinus, Abacus Entablature

Architrave, frieze, triglyphs/metopes Cornice, Pediment

[Image 2.16]Basilica at Paestum

[Image 2.16]Basilica at Paestum

Architecture:The Ionic Order

Architecture:The Ionic Order

Ornate, fanciful Tiered Base/24 flutes Capital

Volutes 3-D Architraves Running Frieze

Ornate, fanciful Tiered Base/24 flutes Capital

Volutes 3-D Architraves Running Frieze

Music and Dance in Early Greece

Music and Dance in Early Greece

Doctrine of Ethos (Musical Theory) Dorian, Phrygian modes

Music=Primarily vocal Paean, dithyramb

Instrumentation Cithera, aulos

Significance of Narratives Music and Dance

Doctrine of Ethos (Musical Theory) Dorian, Phrygian modes

Music=Primarily vocal Paean, dithyramb

Instrumentation Cithera, aulos

Significance of Narratives Music and Dance

Literature and PhilosophyLiterature and Philosophy Hesiod

Theogony, Works and Days Lyric verse vs. Heroic verse

Sappho Presocratics

Materialists, Pythagoreanism, Dualists, Atomists

Herodotus (Father of History) Right over Might

Hesiod Theogony, Works and Days

Lyric verse vs. Heroic verse Sappho

Presocratics Materialists, Pythagoreanism, Dualists,

Atomists Herodotus (Father of History)

Right over Might

Chapter 2: Discussion QuestionsChapter 2: Discussion Questions

What significant differences exist between the cultures of the iron age and those of the bronze age? Explain.

Consider the role of religion in Early Greece. What does Early Greek theology suggest about the concerns of the society? Explain.

What were the causes for and the results of Greek colonization? Cite specific examples.

Explain the new directions of art in the Archaic Period. What do these changes suggest about the culture that was producing and patronizing this art?

What significant differences exist between the cultures of the iron age and those of the bronze age? Explain.

Consider the role of religion in Early Greece. What does Early Greek theology suggest about the concerns of the society? Explain.

What were the causes for and the results of Greek colonization? Cite specific examples.

Explain the new directions of art in the Archaic Period. What do these changes suggest about the culture that was producing and patronizing this art?