chuong 3- ma hieu

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 LYÙ THUYEÁT TRUYEÀN TIN LYÙ THUYEÁT TRUYEÀN TIN CHÖÔNG 3: CHÖÔNG 3: MAÕ HIEÄU MAÕ HIEÄU

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Page 1: Chuong 3- Ma Hieu

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LYÙ THUYEÁT TRUYEÀN TINLYÙ THUYEÁT TRUYEÀN TIN

CHÖÔNG 3:CHÖÔNG 3:

MAÕ HIEÄUMAÕ HIEÄU

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Noäi dung c!n cu"# c$%ngNoäi dung c!n cu"# c$%ng

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'' M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u:M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u: M#, B#noM#, B#no M#, H#u+#nM#, H#u+#n

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&' M#, i-äu&' M#, i-äu

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! du:! du: +oä0 nguo4n 0in co/ 8 0in a# c db'+oä0 nguo4n 0in co/ 8 0in a# c db' T# +#, o#/ %/i +#, i-äu n$ 2#u: T# +#, o#/ %/i +#, i-äu n$ 2#u:o # PQ _ PQ &_ c PQ &_ d PQ &&# PQ _ PQ &_ c PQ &_ d PQ &&o Gi#" 2$" #"n 0in c#4n +#, o#/ 6#: #cd#OGi#" 2$" #"n 0in c#4n +#, o#/ 6#: #cd#Oo M#, o#/ 0#n: &&&&OM#, o#/ 0#n: &&&&O

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9i-u di-;n +#, #\ng Do49i-u di-;n +#, #\ng Do4

`n c#1F`n c#1F ! du: co nguo4n 0in co/ n#K+ 0in D$%c! du: co nguo4n 0in co/ n#K+ 0in D$%c

+#, o#/ 0-o +#, i-äu n$ 2#u:+#, o#/ 0-o +#, i-äu n$ 2#u:

o #& PQ #& PQ o #. PQ &#. PQ &o #3 PQ &&#3 PQ &&o #8 PQ &&#8 PQ &&

o #< PQ &&#< PQ && 9i-u di-;n oä +#, 0>-1n 0-o Do4 `n9i-u di-;n oä +#, 0>-1n 0-o Do4 `n

c#1F'c#1F' Öu Di-+ cu"# 7$%ng 7#/7 Do4 `nÖu Di-+ cu"# 7$%ng 7#/7 Do4 `n

c#1Fjc#1Fj

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9i-u di-;n +#, #\ng9i-u di-;n +#, #\ng

#+ c#u 0>u/c +#,:#+ c#u 0>u/c +#,: S$" dung #+ GniO 0>ong Do/:S$" dung #+ GniO 0>ong Do/:

o 9i-n ni 6# Doä d#i cu"# 0$ +#,9i-n ni 6# Doä d#i cu"# 0$ +#,

o Gi#/ 0>) cu"# #+ 6# 2o 0$ +#, co/Gi#/ 0>) cu"# #+ 6# 2o 0$ +#, co/Doä d#i ni 0$%ng $/ng'Doä d#i ni 0$%ng $/ng'

! du ! du : 9oä +#, i-äu & & &&: 9oä +#, i-äu & & &&&&&O&&&Oo H#+ c#u 0>u/c +#, 6#:H#+ c#u 0>u/c +#, 6#:3 khi ni=2

2 khi ni=3

G(ni) =

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9i-u di-;n +#, #\ng9i-u di-;n +#, #\ng

#+ c#u 0>u/c#+ c#u 0>u/c ! du: co nguo4n 0in co/ n#K+ 0in! du: co nguo4n 0in co/ n#K+ 0in

D$%c +#, o#/ 0-o +#, i-äu n$ 2#u:D$%c +#, o#/ 0-o +#, i-äu n$ 2#u:

o #& PQ #& PQ o #. PQ &#. PQ &o #3 PQ &&#3 PQ &&o #8 PQ &&#8 PQ &&

o #< PQ &&#< PQ && 9i-u di-;n oä +#, 0>-1n 0-o #+9i-u di-;n oä +#, 0>-1n 0-o #+

c#u 0>u/c'c#u 0>u/c'

Öukn$%c Di-+ cu"# 7$%ng 7#/7jÖukn$%c Di-+ cu"# 7$%ng 7#/7j

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9i-u di-;n +#, i-äu9i-u di-;n +#, i-äu

9#i 0#ä7: co nguo4n 0in co/ V 0in D$%c9#i 0#ä7: co nguo4n 0in co/ V 0in D$%c+#, o#/ 0-o +#, i-äu n$ 2#u:+#, o#/ 0-o +#, i-äu n$ 2#u:

o #& PQ &&#& PQ &&o #. PQ &#. PQ &o #3 PQ &&#3 PQ &&o #8 PQ &&&#8 PQ &&&

o #< PQ &&#< PQ &&o # PQ &# PQ &o #^ PQ &&#^ PQ &&o #V PQ &&&#V PQ &&&

9i-u di-;n oä+#, 0-o:

P9#"ng Doi ci-u

P M#0 7#ng 0o#Doä

P (o4 `n c#1F

P H#+ c#u 0>u/c'

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 T!n =>-?@ T!n =>-?@

M#, co/ 0!n 7#1n 0#/c D$%c:M#, co/ 0!n 7#1n 0#/c D$%c: $ieàu kieän$ieàu kieäncaàn vaø ñuû ñe% maõ coù tính phaân taùchcaàn vaø ñuû ñe% maõ coù tính phaân taùchñöôïc laø &aát k#ø to% hôïp maõ naøo cuõngñöôïc laø &aát k#ø to% hôïp maõ naøo cuõng

khoâng ñöôïc t"uøng vôùi phaàn ñaàu cuûa to%khoâng ñöôïc t"uøng vôùi phaàn ñaàu cuûa to%hôïp maõ khaùchôïp maõ khaùc''o ! du:! du: +oä0 nguo4n 0in co/ 8 0in a# c db' T# +#,+oä0 nguo4n 0in co/ 8 0in a# c db' T# +#,

o#/ %/i +#, i-äu n$ 2#u:o#/ %/i +#, i-äu n$ 2#u:]

# PQ _ PQ &_ c PQ &_ d PQ &&# PQ _ PQ &_ c PQ &_ d PQ &&

] Nguo4n 0in n#F 0o#" +#,n Di-4u 5i-än 7#1n 0#/c D$%c'Nguo4n 0in n#F 0o#" +#,n Di-4u 5i-än 7#1n 0#/c D$%c'

o N-u T# +#, o#/ %/i +#, i-äu n$ 2#u:N-u T# +#, o#/ %/i +#, i-äu n$ 2#u:] # PQ _ PQ &_ c PQ &_ d PQ &&# PQ _ PQ &_ c PQ &_ d PQ &&] Nguo4n 0in 5o1ng 0o#" +#,n Di-4u 5i-än 7#1n 0#/cNguo4n 0in 5o1ng 0o#" +#,n Di-4u 5i-än 7#1n 0#/c

D$%cD$%c

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 T!n =>-?@ T!n =>-?@

Co +oä0 0$ +#, 7>-?@ cu"# 0$ +#,Co +oä0 0$ +#, 7>-?@ cu"# 0$ +#,Do/ 6# 0#0 c#" c#/c 0i-4n 0o cu"# 0$Do/ 6# 0#0 c#" c#/c 0i-4n 0o cu"# 0$

+#, D#, co'+#, D#, co'o ! du:! du: co 0$ +#, &&&& 7>-?@ cu"#co 0$ +#, &&&& 7>-?@ cu"#0$ +#, n#F 6# c#/c 0o %7 +#,:0$ +#, n#F 6# c#/c 0o %7 +#,:] &&&&&&&&] &&&&&&] &&&&&&] &&&&] &&&&] &&&&

] &&

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 T!n =>-?@ T!n =>-?@

M#, co/ 0!n 7>-?@:M#, co/ 0!n 7>-?@:  'oä maõ ñöôïc goïi'oä maõ ñöôïc goïilaø coù tính p"e() neáu &aát k#ø to% hôïplaø coù tính p"e() neáu &aát k#ø to% hôïp

maõ naøo cuõng khoâng phaûi laø p"e()maõ naøo cuõng khoâng phaûi laø p"e()cuûa to% hôïp maõ khaùc t"ong cuøng &oäcuûa to% hôïp maõ khaùc t"ong cuøng &oämaõ*maõ*

#äF +#, co/ 0!n 7>-?@ 0o#" +#,n#äF +#, co/ 0!n 7>-?@ 0o#" +#,n

Di-4u 5i-än 7#1n 0#/c D$%c'Di-4u 5i-än 7#1n 0#/c D$%c'  T>-1n Do4 `n c#1F c#/c 0$ +#, cu"# T>-1n Do4 `n c#1F c#/c 0$ +#, cu"#

oä +#, co/ 0!n 7>-?@ c D$%c 0!n %"oä +#, co/ 0!n 7>-?@ c D$%c 0!n %"c#/c nu/0 cuoi 5o1ng D$%c 0!n c#/cc#/c nu/0 cuoi 5o1ng D$%c 0!n c#/c

nu/0 gi$,#'nu/0 gi$,#'

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 T!n =>-?@ T!n =>-?@

N-u oä +#, i-äu co/ c% 2o + 0`N-u oä +#, i-äu co/ c% 2o + 0`c#/c nu/0 5o1ng 7#"i nu/0 cuoi 2-,c#/c nu/0 5o1ng 7#"i nu/0 cuoi 2-,

noi %/i + nu/0 %" +$/c 0i-7 0-onoi %/i + nu/0 %" +$/c 0i-7 0-o%/i +%/i + ≤≤ ++o N-u + Z + 0# co/ +#, D#4FN-u + Z + 0# co/ +#, D#4Fo N-u + + 0# co/ +#, %i'N-u + + 0# co/ +#, %i'

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 T!n =>-?@ T!n =>-?@

N$ #äF #+ 5-0 c#u cu"# c#/c +$/c n$N$ #äF #+ 5-0 c#u cu"# c#/c +$/c n$2#u:2#u:

G&OG&O ≤ m≤ m

G(2) ≤ mG(2) ≤ m22 – G(1).m – G(1).m

G(3) ≤ mG(3) ≤ m33 – G(1).m – G(1).m22 – G(2).m – G(2).m

……

G(n) ≤ mG(n) ≤ mnn – G(1).m – G(1).mn-1n-1 – G(2).m – G(2).mn-2n-2 - …-G(n-1).m- …-G(n-1).m

o Ci# . - co +Ci# . - co +nn 0# co/: 0# co/:

o (#1F 6# Di-4u 5i-än D- 0i-0 6#ä7 +#, co/ 0!n 7>-?@(#1F 6# Di-4u 5i-än D- 0i-0 6#ä7 +#, co/ 0!n 7>-?@

∑=

−≥n

 j

 j  jGm1

)(.1

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M#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!nM#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n

=>-?@=>-?@ M#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n 7>-?@M#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n 7>-?@ 6#6#

+oä0 0>ong #i 6o#i +#, c+oä0 0>ong #i 6o#i +#, coù tínhoù tính

 p"e() pho% &ieán* p"e() pho% &ieán* %/i +oä0 oä +#, i-äu 0# co/ #%/i +oä0 oä +#, i-äu 0# co/ #

gi#i Do#n 0$c i-än:gi#i Do#n 0$c i-än:o  T#n 6#ä7 +#, T#n 6#ä7 +#,

o M#, o#/M#, o#/o Gi#"i +#,Gi#"i +#,

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M#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!nM#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n

=>-?@ ] T#n 6#ä7 +#,=>-?@ ] T#n 6#ä7 +#,  T#n 6#ä7 +#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n T#n 6#ä7 +#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n

7>-?@7>-?@ #o go4+ 3 $%/c:#o go4+ 3 $%/c:o

9$%/c &9$%/c &: Con +oä0 oä +#,: Con +oä0 oä +#, D%n gi#"n co/D%n gi#"n co/0!n 7>-?@0!n 7>-?@o 9$%/c .9$%/c .: L#F +oä0 2o 0o %7 +#, %" $%/c: L#F +oä0 2o 0o %7 +#, %" $%/c

& 6#+& 6#+ 0o %7 c% 2%"0o %7 c% 2%" c#/c 0o %7 con 6#i c#/c 0o %7 con 6#icu"# $%/c & D$%c goi 6#cu"# $%/c & D$%c goi 6# 0o %7 cuoi0o %7 cuoi''

o 9$%/c 39$%/c 3:: G-/7 +oä0 o#c +oä0 2o 0o %7G-/7 +oä0 o#c +oä0 2o 0o %7c% 2%" %/i n#u >o4i coäng 0-1+ #o cuoic% 2%" %/i n#u >o4i coäng 0-1+ #o cuoi+oä0 0o %7 cuoi 0# D$%c & 0$ +#,+oä0 0o %7 cuoi 0# D$%c & 0$ +#,' T$c' T$ci-än n$ #äF co D-n 5i co/ Du" 2o 0$i-än n$ #äF co D-n 5i co/ Du" 2o 0$+#, c#4n dung'+#, c#4n dung'

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M#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!nM#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n

=>-?@ ] T#n 6#ä7 +#,=>-?@ ] T#n 6#ä7 +#, ! du&! du&: 0#n 6#ä7 oä +#, -ä: 0#n 6#ä7 oä +#, -ä

0ong co/ 0!n 7>-?@ D- +#, o#/0ong co/ 0!n 7>-?@ D- +#, o#/

nguo4n 0in: AZa#& #. #3 #8 #<bnguo4n 0in: AZa#& #. #3 #8 #<bo 9$%/c &9$%/c &: Con oä +#, D%n gi#"n co/: Con oä +#, D%n gi#"n co/0!n 7>-?@:0!n 7>-?@: & & && & &

o 9$%/c .9$%/c .::

] ConCon & & & &  6#+6#+ 0o %7 c% 2%"0o %7 c% 2%"]  To %7 con 6#i: To %7 con 6#i: && 6#6# 0o %7 cuoi0o %7 cuoi''

o 9$%/c 39$%/c 3: G-/7 0#n c#/c 0o %7 +#,:: G-/7 0#n c#/c 0o %7 +#,:] &&&&__ &&&& &&&& &&&&&& &&

  #& #. #3 #8 #<#& #. #3 #8 #<

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 Tingoc #& #. #3 #8 #<

 T$+#,

&&

&&

&& &&& &

M#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!nM#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n

=>-?@ ] T#n 6#ä7 +#,=>-?@ ] T#n 6#ä7 +#, T# D$%c #"ng +#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n =>-?@ n$ 2#u:

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M#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!nM#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n

=>-?@ ] T#n 6#ä7 +#,=>-?@ ] T#n 6#ä7 +#, ! du ! du : 0#n 6#ä7 oä +#, -ä: 0#n 6#ä7 oä +#, -ä

0ong co/ 0!n 7>-?@ D- +#, o#/0ong co/ 0!n 7>-?@ D- +#, o#/

nguo4n 0in: AZa#& #. #3 #8 #< #nguo4n 0in: AZa#& #. #3 #8 #< ##^ #Vb#^ #Vb

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M#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!nM#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n

=>-?@ ] M#, o#/=>-?@ ] M#, o#/ M#, o#/M#, o#/ : 0$c i-än 0#i D#4u 7#/0: 0$c i-än 0#i D#4u 7#/0

0in 6# i-n Doi c#/c 0in cu"# #"n0in 6# i-n Doi c#/c 0in cu"# #"n

0in 0#n c#/c 0o %7 +#, 0$%ng0in 0#n c#/c 0o %7 +#, 0$%ng$/ng'$/ng' ! du! du nguo4n 0in 0>-1n 7#/0 #"n 0in:nguo4n 0in 0>-1n 7#/0 #"n 0in:

lZ#lZ#&& # #33 # #<< # #88 # #.. # #&& # #&&O'O'o M#, o#/ 0# D$%c:M#, o#/ 0# D$%c:

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&O&O

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

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M#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!nM#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n

=>-?@ ] Gi#"i +#,=>-?@ ] Gi#"i +#, Gi#"i +#,Gi#"i +#, #o go4+ 3 $%/c 0$c#o go4+ 3 $%/c 0$c

i-än 0#i D#4u 0u 0in:i-än 0#i D#4u 0u 0in:

o 9$%/c &9$%/c &: =#1n 0#/c cuo;i 0in 0u D$%c: =#1n 0#/c cuo;i 0in 0u D$%c0#n c#/c 0o %7 c% 2%" # 0o %70#n c#/c 0o %7 c% 2%" # 0o %7cuoicuoi

o 9$%/c .9$%/c .: No/+ 0#n c#/c 0o %7 +#,: No/+ 0#n c#/c 0o %7 +#,

-ä 0ong'-ä 0ong'o 9$%/c 39$%/c 3: 9i-n Doi 0$ c#/c 0o %7 +#,: 9i-n Doi 0$ c#/c 0o %7 +#,-ä 0ong 0#n c#/c 0in 0$%ng $/ng'-ä 0ong 0#n c#/c 0in 0$%ng $/ng'

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M#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!nM#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n

=>-?@ ] Gi#"i +#,=>-?@ ] Gi#"i +#, ! du 0>-1n! du 0>-1n: cuo;i 0in 0u D$%c 6#:: cuo;i 0in 0u D$%c 6#:

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

o 9$%/c &9$%/c &::&&PP&&PP&&PPPP&&PPPP&&PP&&PP&&PP&&PP&&PP&&PP&&PP&&PP&&PP

&&

o 9$%/c .9$%/c .::

&&&&PP&&&&PP&&PP&&&&&&PP&&&&PP&&&&PP&&&&o 9$%/c 39$%/c 3: lZ#: lZ#&& # #33 # #<< # #88 # #.. # #&& # #&&OO

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M#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!nM#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n

=>-?@ ] N#än @-/0=>-?@ ] N#än @-/0 M#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n =>-?@ co/M#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n =>-?@ co/ $u$u

Di-+Di-+::

o Co/ 0!n cong ni-;uCo/ 0!n cong ni-;uo Co/ 0!n #"o +#ä0 c#oCo/ 0!n #"o +#ä0 c#o

N$%c Di-+N$%c Di-+::o  T>ong ! du 0>-1n Doä d#i 0$ +#, 6%/nPQ T>ong ! du 0>-1n Doä d#i 0$ +#, 6%/nPQ

i-äu 2u#0 0>uF-4n 0in gi#"+' TuF ni-1ni-äu 2u#0 0>uF-4n 0in gi#"+' TuF ni-1nDoä d#i 0$ +#, c#ng 0#Kng 0` 0!nDoä d#i 0$ +#, c#ng 0#Kng 0` 0!n#"o +#ä0 c#ng 0#Kng'#"o +#ä0 c#ng 0#Kng'

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M#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!nM#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n

=>-?@ ] T#n 6#ä7 +#,=>-?@ ] T#n 6#ä7 +#, ! du .! du .: 0#n 6#ä7 oä +#, -ä: 0#n 6#ä7 oä +#, -ä

0ong co/ 0!n 7>-?@ D- +#, o#/0ong co/ 0!n 7>-?@ D- +#, o#/

nguo4n 0in: UZau& u. u3 u8 u<nguo4n 0in: UZau& u. u3 u8 u<ub'ub'o Gi#" 2$" nguo4n 0in 0>-1n 7#/0 #"n 0in:Gi#" 2$" nguo4n 0in 0>-1n 7#/0 #"n 0in:

lZu u< u3 u. u. u3 u8 u&OlZu u< u3 u. u. u3 u8 u&O

M#, o#/ # gi#"i +#, #"n 0in 0-o oäM#, o#/ # gi#"i +#, #"n 0in 0-o oä+#, $# 0#n 6#ä7'+#, $# 0#n 6#ä7'

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M#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!nM#, -ä 0ong co/ 0!n

=>-?@ ] T#n 6#ä7 +#,=>-?@ ] T#n 6#ä7 +#, ! du 3! du 3: 0#n 6#ä7 oä +#, -ä: 0#n 6#ä7 oä +#, -ä

0ong co/ 0!n 7>-?@ D- +#, o#/0ong co/ 0!n 7>-?@ D- +#, o#/

nguo4n 0in: UZa#& #. #3 #8 #< #nguo4n 0in: UZa#& #. #3 #8 #< ##^b'#^b'o Gi#" 2$" nguo4n 0in 0>-1n 7#/0 #"n 0in:Gi#" 2$" nguo4n 0in 0>-1n 7#/0 #"n 0in:

lZ#. #. #^ #^ # #< #3 #. #8 #&OlZ#. #. #^ #^ # #< #3 #. #8 #&O

M#, o#/ # gi#"i +#, #"n 0in 0-o oäM#, o#/ # gi#"i +#, #"n 0in 0-o oä+#, $# 0#n 6#ä7'+#, $# 0#n 6#ä7'

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $uM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u

C#/c 0in 0$ c#/c nguo4n 0in 0$%ng co/C#/c 0in 0$ c#/c nguo4n 0in 0$%ng co/@#/c 2u#0 @u#0 i-än 5o1ng D-4u'@#/c 2u#0 @u#0 i-än 5o1ng D-4u'

N-u +#, o#/ %/i oä +#, D-4u 0`N-u +#, o#/ %/i oä +#, D-4u 0`#"n 0in 2#u +#, o#/ 2-, d#i %n#"n 0in 2#u +#, o#/ 2-, d#i %n7$%ng 7#/7 +#, o#/ +# %" Do/:7$%ng 7#/7 +#, o#/ +# %" Do/:o  Tin @u#0 i-än ni-4u dung 0$ +#, ng#fn Tin @u#0 i-än ni-4u dung 0$ +#, ng#fn

o  Tin @u#0 i-än c#ng !0 dung 0$ +#, c#ng Tin @u#0 i-än c#ng !0 dung 0$ +#, c#ngd#id#i

Lo#i +#, 5o1ng D-4u n#F D$%c goiLo#i +#, 5o1ng D-4u n#F D$%c goi6#6# +#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u+#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u''

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $uM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u

! du ! du : +#, Mo>2- dung 0>ong Di-än: +#, Mo>2- dung 0>ong Di-än#/o 6# +#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u' ÔW#/o 6# +#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u' ÔW

Do/:Do/:o C$, E # c$, T @u#0 i-än ni-4u n#0C$, E # c$, T @u#0 i-än ni-4u n#0n-1n +#, o#/ +oä0 5F/ i-äu:n-1n +#, o#/ +oä0 5F/ i-äu:] E Z E Z ''OO]  T Z  T Z  [  [ O'O'

o C#/c c$, l Y m @u#0 i-än >#0 !0C#/c c$, l Y m @u#0 i-än >#0 !0n-1n D$%c +#, o#/ 0%/i 8 5F/ i-äu:n-1n D$%c +#, o#/ 0%/i 8 5F/ i-äu:] lZlZ [ ' ' [  [ ' ' [ OO]  YZ YZ [ ' [ [  [ ' [ [ OO

] mZmZ [ [ ' ' [ [ ' 'OO

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $uM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u

Co/ ni-4u 7$%ng 7#/7 @#1F d$ngCo/ ni-4u 7$%ng 7#/7 @#1F d$ng+#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u:+#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u:

o =$%ng 7#/7 p#no=$%ng 7#/7 p#noo =$%ng 7#/7 H#u+#n=$%ng 7#/7 H#u+#no =$%ng 7#/7 S#nnon=$%ng 7#/7 S#nnon

9#i 0o#/n:9#i 0o#/n: Co nguo4n 0in aU =uCo nguo4n 0in aU =u iiOOiZ&''nb' C#4n +#, o#/ nguo4n 0iniZ&''nb' C#4n +#, o#/ nguo4n 0in0>-1n 0-o +#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u'0>-1n 0-o +#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u'

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

p#nop#no =$%ng 7#/7 p#no T$c i-än #\ng 8=$%ng 7#/7 p#no T$c i-än #\ng 8

$%/c:$%/c:o 9&9&: l#f7 @-7 c#/c 0in 0-o 0$/ 0$ gi#"+ d#4n: l#f7 @-7 c#/c 0in 0-o 0$/ 0$ gi#"+ d#4n

cu"# @#/c 2u#0 @u#0 i-än'cu"# @#/c 2u#0 @u#0 i-än'o 9.9.: Ci# c#/c 0in 0#n . no/+ 0$ 0>-1n: Ci# c#/c 0in 0#n . no/+ 0$ 0>-1n

@uong co/ @#/c 2u#0 @u#0 i-än g#4n #\ng@uong co/ @#/c 2u#0 @u#0 i-än g#4n #\ngn#u n#0' Moä0 no/+ D$%c g#fn i0 X'n#u n#0' Moä0 no/+ D$%c g#fn i0 X'

No/+ con 6#i 6# X&'No/+ con 6#i 6# X&'

o 9393: T$c i-än 6#i $%/c . co 0$ng no/+': T$c i-än 6#i $%/c . co 0$ng no/+'L#7 6#i n$ #äF co D-n 5i +o;i no/+ cL#7 6#i n$ #äF co D-n 5i +o;i no/+ c6# & 0in'6# & 0in'

o 9898: C#/c i0 D#, D$%c g#/n 0-o 0$/ 0$ c!n: C#/c i0 D#, D$%c g#/n 0-o 0$/ 0$ c!n

6# 0$ +#, cu"# 0$ng 0in'6# 0$ +#, cu"# 0$ng 0in'

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

p#nop#no ! du &: Gi#" 2$" +oä0 nguo4n 0in go4+! du &: Gi#" 2$" +oä0 nguo4n 0in go4+

^ 0in n$ 2#u 6#ä7 oä +#, 0ong 5-1^ 0in n$ 2#u 6#ä7 oä +#, 0ong 5-1

0oi $u D- +#, o#/ nguo4n 0in Do/:0oi $u D- +#, o#/ nguo4n 0in Do/:o uu&& PQ 7uPQ 7u&&O Z 38O Z 38

o uu.. PQ 7uPQ 7u..O Z .3O Z .3

o uu33 PQ 7uPQ 7u33O Z &O Z &

o uu88 PQ 7uPQ 7u88O Z &O Z &o uu<< PQ 7uPQ 7u<<O Z ^O Z ^

o uu PQ 7uPQ 7uO Z O Z

o uu^̂ PQ 7uPQ 7u^̂O Z &O Z &

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

p#nop#no Gi#"i:Gi#"i: 9$%/c &9$%/c & @#f7 @-7 0-o 0$/ @#f7 @-7 0-o 0$/

0$ gi#"+ d#4n cu"# @#/c 2u#0 @u#00$ gi#"+ d#4n cu"# @#/c 2u#0 @u#0

i-äni-änuu&& PQ 7uPQ 7u&&O Z 38O Z 38

uu.. PQ 7uPQ 7u..O Z .3O Z .3

uu33 PQ 7uPQ 7u33O Z &O Z &

uu88 PQ 7uPQ 7u88O Z &O Z &uu<< PQ 7uPQ 7u<<O Z ^O Z ^

uuAA PQ 7uPQ 7uAAO Z O Z

uu^̂ PQ 7uPQ 7u^̂O Z &O Z &

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

p#nop#no Gi#"i:Gi#"i: 9$%/c .9$%/c .

uu&& PQ 7uPQ 7u&&O Z 38O Z 38

uu.. PQ 7uPQ 7u..O Z .3O Z .3 uu33 PQ 7uPQ 7u33O Z &O Z & &&

uu88 PQ 7uPQ 7u88O Z &O Z & &&

uu<< PQ 7uPQ 7u<<O Z ^O Z ^ &&

uuAA PQ 7uPQ 7uAAO Z O Z &&

uu^̂ PQ 7uPQ 7u^̂O Z &O Z & &&

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

p#nop#no Gi#"i:Gi#"i:

uu&& PQ 7uPQ 7u&&O Z 38O Z 38

uu.. PQ 7uPQ 7u..O Z .3O Z .3 &&uu33 PQ 7uPQ 7u33O Z &O Z & &&

uu88 PQ 7uPQ 7u88O Z &O Z & && &&

uu<< PQ 7uPQ 7u<<O Z ^O Z ^ && &&

uuAA PQ 7uPQ 7uAAO Z O Z && &&

uu^̂ PQ 7uPQ 7u^̂O Z &O Z & && &&

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

p#nop#no

Gi#"i:Gi#"i:uu&& PQ 7uPQ 7u&&O Z 38O Z 38

uu.. PQ 7uPQ 7u..O Z .3O Z .3 &&uu33 PQ 7uPQ 7u33O Z &O Z & &&

uu88 PQ 7uPQ 7u88O Z &O Z & && &&

uu<< PQ 7uPQ 7u<<O Z ^O Z ^ && && &&

uuAA PQ 7uPQ 7uAAO Z O Z && && &&

uu^̂ PQ 7uPQ 7u^̂O Z &O Z & && && &&

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

p#nop#no

Gi#"i:Gi#"i:uu&& PQ 7uPQ 7u&&O Z 38O Z 38

uu.. PQ 7uPQ 7u..O Z .3O Z .3 &&uu33 PQ 7uPQ 7u33O Z &O Z & &&

uu88 PQ 7uPQ 7u88O Z &O Z & && &&

uu<< PQ 7uPQ 7u<<O Z ^O Z ^ && && &&

uuAA PQ 7uPQ 7uAAO Z O Z && && && &&

uu^̂ PQ 7uPQ 7u^̂O Z &O Z & && && && &&

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

p#nop#no

Gi#"iGi#"i::uu&& PQ 7uPQ 7u&&O Z 38O Z 38

uu.. PQ 7uPQ 7u..O Z .3O Z .3 &&uu33 PQ 7uPQ 7u33O Z &O Z & &&

uu88 PQ 7uPQ 7u88O Z &O Z & && &&

uu<< PQ 7uPQ 7u<<O Z ^O Z ^ && && &&

uuAA PQ 7uPQ 7uAAO Z O Z && && && &&

uu^̂ PQ 7uPQ 7u^̂O Z &O Z & && && && && &&

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 Tingoc u& u. u3 u8 u5 u6 u^

 T$+#, 00 01 10 110 1110 11110 11111

M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

p#nop#no

e-0 Ju#" D$%c #"ng +#, p#no n$ 2#u:

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

p#nop#no

! du . #i 0#ä7O! du . #i 0#ä7O: Gi#" 2$" +oä0 nguo4n: Gi#" 2$" +oä0 nguo4n0in go4+ V 0in n$ 2#u 6#ä7 oä +#,0in go4+ V 0in n$ 2#u 6#ä7 oä +#,0ong 5-1 0oi $u D- +#, o#/ nguo4n0ong 5-1 0oi $u D- +#, o#/ nguo4n

0in Do/:0in Do/:o uu&& PQ 7uPQ 7u&&O Z 3O Z 3o uu.. PQ 7uPQ 7u..O Z .&O Z .&o uu33 PQ 7uPQ 7u33O Z &O Z &

o uu88 PQ 7uPQ 7u88O Z &<O Z &<o uu<< PQ 7uPQ 7u<<O Z 3O Z 3o uu PQ 7uPQ 7uO Z O Z o uu^̂ PQ 7uPQ 7u^̂O Z <O Z <

o uuVV PQ 7uPQ 7uVVO Z &O Z &

Sini-1n

6#+ 0#i6%/7

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $uM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u

PH#u+#nPH#u+#n

== H#u+#n T$c i-än #\ng < $%/c:== H#u+#n T$c i-än #\ng < $%/c:o 9&9&: l#f7 @-7 c#/c 0in 0-o 0$/ 0$ gi#"+ d#4n: l#f7 @-7 c#/c 0in 0-o 0$/ 0$ gi#"+ d#4n

cu"# @#/c 2u#0 @u#0 i-än'cu"# @#/c 2u#0 @u#0 i-än'

o 9.9.: No/+ #i 0in cuoi 0#n & 0in 7u %/i: No/+ #i 0in cuoi 0#n & 0in 7u %/i@#/c 2u#0 @u#0 i-än cu"# 0in 7u #\ng 0ong@#/c 2u#0 @u#0 i-än cu"# 0in 7u #\ng 0ong@#/c 2u#0 @u#0 i-än cu"# #i 0in cuoi Do/'@#/c 2u#0 @u#0 i-än cu"# #i 0in cuoi Do/'

o 9393: C#/c 0in con 6#i ngo#i 0>$ . 0in cuoiO #: C#/c 0in con 6#i ngo#i 0>$ . 0in cuoiO #0in 7u 0#o 0#n nguo4n 0in 0>ung gi#n'0in 7u 0#o 0#n nguo4n 0in 0>ung gi#n'

o 9898: u#F 6#i 0$ $%/c & %/i nguo4n 0in 0>ung: u#F 6#i 0$ $%/c & %/i nguo4n 0in 0>unggi#n # 6#7 6#i c#" 8 $%/c nP. 6#4n'gi#n # 6#7 6#i c#" 8 $%/c nP. 6#4n'

o 9<9<: Ti-n #n Di-4n c#/c i0 0#o 0#n 0$: Ti-n #n Di-4n c#/c i0 0#o 0#n 0$+#,'+#,'

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

H#u+#nH#u+#n

! du &: Gi#" 2$" +oä0 nguo4i 0in go4+! du &: Gi#" 2$" +oä0 nguo4i 0in go4+^ 0in n$ 2#u 6#ä7 oä +#, 0ong 5-1^ 0in n$ 2#u 6#ä7 oä +#, 0ong 5-1

0oi $u D- +#, o#/ nguo4n 0in Do/:0oi $u D- +#, o#/ nguo4n 0in Do/:o uu&& PQ 7uPQ 7u&&O Z 38O Z 38

o uu.. PQ 7uPQ 7u..O Z .3O Z .3

o uu33 PQ 7uPQ 7u33O Z &O Z &

o uu88 PQ 7uPQ 7u88O Z &O Z &o uu<< PQ 7uPQ 7u<<O Z ^O Z ^

o uu PQ 7uPQ 7uO Z O Z

o uu^̂ PQ 7uPQ 7u^̂O Z &O Z &

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

H#u+#nH#u+#n

uuii  7u  7uiiO IO I

uu&&  38  38 3838

uu..  .3 .3.3 .3

uu33  &  & &&

uu88  &  & &&

uu<<  ^  ^ ^^

uu      ^^

uu^̂  &  &

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

H#u+#nH#u+#nuuii  7u  7uiiO I IIO I II uu&&  38  38 38 3838 38 uu..  .3 .3 .3  .3 .3 .3

uu33  &  & & && &&8&8

uu88  &  & & && &

uu<<  ^  ^ ^^

uu     ^^

uu^̂  &  &

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

H#u+#nH#u+#nuuii  7u  7uiiO I II IIIO I II III uu&&  38  38 38 3838 38 3838  .8.8uu..  .3 .3 .3  .3 .3 .3 .3.3

uu33  &  & & & && & &  &8&8uu88  &  & & && &

uu<<  ^  ^ ^^

uu     ^^

uu^̂  &  &

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

H#u+#nH#u+#nuuii  7u  7uiiO I II III IO I II III I  8.8.uu&&  38  38 38 3838 38 38 3838 38  .8 .8.8 .8uu..  .3 .3 .3  .3 .3 .3 .3.3

uu33  &  & & & && & &  &8&8uu88  &  & & && &

uu<<  ^  ^ ^^

uu     ^^

uu^̂  &  &

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

H#u+#nH#u+#nuuii  7u  7uiiO I II III I O I II III I   8. 8.8. 8.uu&&  38  38 38 3838 38 38 3838 38  .8 .8.8 .8uu..  .3 .3 .3  .3 .3 .3 .3.3

uu33  &  & & & && & &  &8&8uu88  &  & & && &

uu<<  ^  ^ ^^

uu     ^^

uu^̂  &  &

0,58

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

H#u+#nH#u+#nuuii  7u  7uiiO I II III I O I II III I  T$ +#, T$ +#,  8. 8. 8. 8. uu&&  38  38 38 3838 38 38 3838 38  .8 .8.8 .8uu..  .3 .3 .3  .3 .3 .3 .3.3

uu33  &  & & & && & &  &8&8uu88  &  & & && &

uu<<  ^  ^ ^^

uu      ^^

uu^̂  &  &

0,58

1

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

H#u+#nH#u+#nuuii  7u  7uiiO I II III I O I II III I  T$ +#, T$ +#,  8. 8. 8. 8. uu&&  38  38 38 3838 38 38 3838 38  .8 .8.8 .8uu..  .3 .3 .3  .3 .3 .3 .3 .3

uu33  &  & & & & && & & &  &8&8uu88  &  & & && &

uu<<  ^  ^ ^^

uu      ^^

uu^̂  &  &

0,58

1

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

H#u+#nH#u+#nuuii  7u  7uiiO I II III I O I II III I  T$ +#, T$ +#,  8. 8. 8. 8. uu&&  38  38 38 3838 38 38 38 &38 38 &  .8 .8 &&.8 .8 &&uu..  .3 .3 .3  .3 .3 .3 .3 .3

uu33  &  & & & & && & & &  &8&8uu88  &  & & && &

uu<<  ^  ^ ^^

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

H#u+#nH#u+#nuuii  7u  7uiiO I II III I O I II III I  T$ +#, T$ +#,  8. 8. 8. 8. uu&&  38  38 38 3838 38 38 38 &38 38 &  .8 .8 &&.8 .8 &&uu..  .3 .3 .3  .3 .3 .3 .3 .3

uu33  &  & & & & && & & &  &8 &&&8 &&uu88  &  & & & &&&& & &&&

uu<<  ^  ^ ^^

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

H#u+#nH#u+#nuuii  7u  7uiiO I II III I O I II III I  T$ +#, T$ +#,  8. 8. 8. 8. uu&&  38  38 38 3838 38 38 38 &38 38 &  .8 .8 &&.8 .8 &&uu..  .3 .3 .3  .3 .3 .3 .3 .3

uu33  &  & & & & && & & &  &8 &&&8 &&uu88  &  & & & &&&& & &&&

uu<<  ^  ^ ^ &&^ &&

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0,58

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

H#u+#nH#u+#nuuii  7u  7u iiO I II III I O I II III I  T$ +#, T$ +#,  8. 8. 8. 8. uu&&  38  38 38 3838 38 38 38 &38 38 &  .8 .8 &&.8 .8 &&

uu..  .3 .3 .3  .3 .3 .3 .3 .3

uu33  &  & & & & && & & &  &8 &&&8 &&uu88  &  & & & &&&& & &&&

uu<<  ^  ^ ^ &&^ &&

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^ &&&^ &&&

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0,58 1 

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 Tingoc u& u. u3 u8 u5 u6 u^

 T$+#, 10 00 01 111 1100 11010 11011

M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u P

H#u+#nH#u+#ne-0 Ju#" D$%c #"ng +#, H#u+#n n$2#u:

1

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u PH#u+#nH#u+#n

! du . #i 0#ä7O! du . #i 0#ä7O: Gi#" 2$" +oä0 nguo4n: Gi#" 2$" +oä0 nguo4n0in go4+ V 0in n$ 2#u 6#ä7 oä +#,0in go4+ V 0in n$ 2#u 6#ä7 oä +#,0ong 5-1 0oi $u D- +#, o#/ nguo4n0ong 5-1 0oi $u D- +#, o#/ nguo4n

0in Do/:0in Do/:o uu&& PQ 7uPQ 7u&&O Z 3O Z 3o uu.. PQ 7uPQ 7u..O Z .&O Z .&o uu33 PQ 7uPQ 7u33O Z &O Z &

o uu88 PQ 7uPQ 7u88O Z &<O Z &<o uu<< PQ 7uPQ 7u<<O Z 3O Z 3o uu PQ 7uPQ 7uO Z O Z o uu^̂ PQ 7uPQ 7u^̂O Z <O Z <

o uuVV PQ 7uPQ 7uVVO Z &O Z &

Sini-1n

6#+ 0#i6%/7

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M#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $uM#, 0ong 5-1 0oi $u

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