DESIGN

Strategy Hints

Strategy Hints

Introduction

The Cold October GuideVOL 1 12 PAGES 10cTUESDAY, MORNING, OCTOBER 23, 1962

U.S. IMPOSES ARMS BLOCKADE ON CUBAON FINDING OFFENSIVE-MISSILE SITES;KENNEDY READY FOR SOVIET SHOWDOWN

For 4 to 10 players - aged 10+

Strategy Hints

with the Soviet Government. The President, in language of unusual bluntness, accused the Soviet leaders of deliberately "false statements about their intentions in Cuba."

The other aspect of the speech particularly noted by observers here was its flat commitment by the United States to act alone against the missile threat in Cuba.

Washington, Oct. 22--President Kennedy imposed a naval and air "quarantine" tonight on the equipment of offensive military equipment to Cuba.

In a speech of extraordinary gravity, he told the American people that the Soviet Union, contrary to promises, was building offensive missile and bomber bases in Cuba. He said the bases could handle missiles carrying nuclear warheads up to 2,000 miles.

Thus a critical moment in the cold war was at hand tonight. The President had decided on a direct confrontation with--and challenge to--the power of the Soviet Union.

Nation Ready to ActThe President made it clear that this country

would not stop short of military action to end what he called a "clandestine, reckless and provocative threat to world peace."

Mr. Kennedy said the United States was asking for an emergency meeting of the United Nations Security Council to consider a resolution for "dismantling and withdrawal of all offensive weapons in Cuba."

President Kennedy signs the Proclamation for Interdiction of the Delivery of Offensive Weapons to Cuba at the Oval Office.

Direct Thrust at SovietTwo aspects of the speech were notable. One was its

direct thrust at the Soviet Union as the party responsible for the crisis. Mr. Kennedy treated Cuba and the Government of Premier Fidel Castro as a mere pawn in Moscow's hands and drew the issue as one

He said the launching of a nuclear missile from Cuba against any nation in the Western Hemisphere would be regarded as an attack by the Soviet Union against the United States. It would be met, he said, by retaliation against the Soviet Union.

He called on Premier Khrushchev to withdraw the missiles from Cuba and so "move the world back from the abyss of destruction."

All this the President recited in an 18-minute radio and television address of a grimness unparalleled in recent times. He read the words rapidly, with little emotion, until he came to the peroration--a warning to Americans of the dangers ahead.

"Let no one doubt that this is a difficult and dangerous effort on which we have set out," the President said. "No one can foresee precisely what course it will take or what costs or causalties will be incurred."

"The path we have chosen for the present is full of hazards, as all paths are--but it is the one most consistent with our character and courage as a nation and our commitments around the world," he added.

"The cost of freedom is always high--but Americans have always paid it. And one path we shall never choose is the path of surrender or submission.

"Our goal is not the victory of might but the vindication of right--not peace at the expense of freedom, but both peace and freedom, here in this hemisphere and, we hope, around the world. God willing, that goal will be achieved."

The President's speech did not actually start the naval blockade tonight. To meet the requirements of international law, the State Department will issue a formal proclamation late tomorrow, and that may delay the effectiveness of the action as long as another 24 hours.

Crisis Before PublicThe speech laid before the American people a crisis

that had gripped the highest officials here since last

Tuesday, but had only begun to leak out to the public over the weekend. The President said it was at 9 A.M. Tuesday that he got the first firm intelligence report about the missile sites on Cuba.

Last month, he said, the Soviet Government publicly stated that its military equipment for Cuba was "exclusively for defensive purposes" and that the Soviet did not need retaliatory missile bases outside its own territory.

"That statement was false," Mr. Kennedy said.Just last Thursday, he continued, the Soviet foreign

minister, Andrei A. Gromyko, told him in a call at the White House that the Soviet Union "would never become involved" in building any offensive military capacity in Cuba.

"That statement was also false," the President said.

Appeal to KrushchevHe made a direct appeal to Premier Krushchev to

abandon the Communist "course of world

In Batmanʼs “Cold October”, you are working against the clock to uncover hidden missiles and stop a nuclear disaster. To win, both sides must find out which country the otherʼs missiles are hidden in, while attempting to provide helpful information to the other team, in the hopes that they will deduce which country your missiles are hidden in. Tensions are high, and both teams have a limited amount of time before everyone loses, guess the wrong country and your time is reduced creating an even more stressful environment.

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2. When asked questions by the other team, try your best to provide the most honest answer. Both teams are working together in this game. You either both win or both lose!

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domination." An hour before the President spoke, a personal letter from him to Mr. Krushchev was delivered to the Soviet government in Moscow.

Mr. Kennedy disclosed that he was calling for an immediate meeting of the Organ of Consultation of the Organization of American States to consider the crisis. The O.A.S. promptly scheduled an emergency session for 9 A.M. tomorrow, State Department officials said they were confident of receiving the necessary 14 votes out of the 20 nations represented.

The President said the United States was prepared also to discuss the situation "in any other meeting that could be useful." This was taken as an allusion to a possible summit conference with Mr. Krushchev.

But the President emphasized that discussion in any of these forums would be undertaken "without limiting our freedom of action." This meant that the United States was determined on this course no matter what any international organization--or even the United States' allies--might say.

Support From CongressCongressional leaders of both parties, who were

summoned to Washington today to be advised by the President of the crisis and his decision, gave him unanimous backing.

Mr. Kennedy went into considerable detail in his speech in outlining the nature of the military threat in Cuba, and this country's response. He said "confirmed" intelligence indicates that the Cuban missile sites are of two types.

One kind, which his words implied were already or nearly completed, would be capable of handling medium-range ballistic missiles. The President said such missiles could carry nuclear weapons more than

1,000 nautical miles--to Washington, the Panama Canal, Cape Canaveral or Mexico City.

The second category of sites would be for intermediate range ballistics missiles, with a range of more than 2,000 miles. The President said they could hit "most of the major cities in the Western hemisphere" from Lima, Peru, to Hudson's Bay in Canada.

Mr. Kennedy declared:"This urgent transformation of Cuba into an

important strategic base by the presence of these large, long-range and clearly offensive weapons of sudden mass destruction constitutes an explicit threat to the peace and security of all the Americas." He said the Soviet Union's action was "in flagrant and deliberate defiance" of the Rio (Inter-American) Pact of 1947, the United Nations Charter, Congressional resolution and his own public warnings to the Soviet Union.

By Anthony Lewis - special to the New York Times

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WARSAW9 . S O V I E T U N I O N

1 0 . P O L A N D

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1 2 . C Z E C H O S L O V A K I A

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NATO1 . U N I T E D S T A T E S

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