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COMMUNICABLECOMMUNICABLE

DISEASEDISEASE

(PERTUSSIS)

GROUP MEMBER:

MAHADI

NORSAFRAA

SAFIAH

RAHMAWATI

NORIZAN

SYAKILA

AMIRA

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DEFINITION OF

DISEASEA highly contagious bacterial disease that cause

uncontrollable coughing.

Coughing can make it hard to breathe. A deep "whooping" sound is often heard when

patient try to take a breath.

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ETIOLOGY:ETIOLOGY:

an upper respiratory infection

caused by the Bordetella Pertussis

or Bordetella Parapertussis bacteria.

produces Pertussis toxin play a major

virulence role, which impactthe severity ofillness and induce protective immune

response.

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PHATOPHYSIOLOGY:PHATOPHYSIOLOGY:

Bordella Pertussis divided into 3 stages whichare:

1. Catarrhal Stage:

This begins within incubation periods withnasal congestionand rhinorrhea.

Patient is the most contagious atthis time.

This symptom begins to decrease after 1to 2 weeks as paroxysmal stage begins.

2. Paroxysmal Stage:

The onset cough marks the begin.

The paroxysmal stages lasts from 1to 6 weeks and severe cases may last up to10weeks.

The coughingspells are followed by ahigh pitched whoopingsound upon inhalation.

Pertussis attacks may become very severe lead the person cyanotic.

Usually occur atnight.

3. Convalescent Stage:

Inthis final recovery stage the number, severity and durationofparoxysms diminished(the cough becomes less violent).

The paroxysmal episodes usually disappear 2 to 4 weeks inthis stage.

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CLINICAL MANIFESTATION:CLINICAL MANIFESTATION:

Mild upper respiratory infection.

Cold, sneezing, runny nose, low-grade fever

and mild cough.

Cough becomes more severe (2 weeks).

Numerous rapid coughs followed by high

pitched whoop.

A thick, clear mucous discharged from nose.may re occur for 1 - 2 months and more

frequentatnight.

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LABORATORY STUDIES..LABORATORY STUDIES..

Swab C&S from nose and throat.

Serologic testing

Complete Blood Count

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MEDICAL MANAGEMENT..MEDICAL MANAGEMENT..

Immunization:

o Vaccine Pertusis.

o Child at 2, 3, 5 month.

o

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Isolation 5 day /3 week.

Antibiotic:

o Azithromycinand Clarithromycin.

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NURSINGNURSINGMANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

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DIFFICULTY IN BREATHING R/T THICK MUCUS

PRODUCTION.

Assess patient vital sign suchas temperature, pulse

respirationand oxygen saturation (spo2). This is to

detect early signand symptom suchas tachypnea

>20/min, tachycardiaand hypoxia

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Administer antibiotic erythromycintablet

500mgbd tofightagainstthe bacteria bordellapertussis.

Monitor patients spo2 2 hourly to detect

changes ofoxygen saturation which cause pttogaspingdue tohypoxia.

Administer suctionto clear the airway as mucus

productionhighly secrete.

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INEFFECTIVE BREATHING PATTERN R/T

TO LOW OXYGEN SUPPLY AS EVIDENCE

BY SHORTNESS OF BREATH. Assess vital signtemperature, pulse, breathing

and spo2 to detecthypoxia.

Assess respiratory pattern by pattern (regular orirregular), rate and depthofthe respiration (deep,shallow).

Position patient infowlers position lungtopromote lungexpansion.

Administer oxygen 3 liter vianasal prongor asprescribed by doctor ifspo2 is

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HEALTH EDUCATION.

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Isolate the person (separate bedroom) until heor she has received five days ofantibiotics.

Wear a surgical mask to cover their face.

Practice good hand washing; whooping

cough bacteria can be transmitted through

contact with contaminated inanimate objects

suchas dishes.

Drink plenty offluids, includingwater, juices,

soups, and eatfruits to prevent dehydration.

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Eat small, frequent meal to decrease theamountofvomiting.

Donotgive cough medications unless

otherwise instructed by your doctor. Use a cool mist vaporizer tohelp loosen

secretions and soothe the cough.

Keep the home environmentfree fromirritants that cantrigger coughing, suchas

smoke, aerosols, and fumes.

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COMPLICATION:

o Respiratory problems :

atelectasis

bronchopneumonia, emphysema

pneumothorax (rare,90

% ofdeaths)o Effects on CNS (mostfrequent in young infants):

cerebral hemorrhage

encephalopathy,

convulsions, visual disturbances, paralyse.

mental retardation

o Malnutrition

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THANK YOU