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    Communication

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    Communication:It is the activity of

    conveying information throughthe exchange of thoughts,messages, or information, as byspeech, visuals, signals, writing,or behaviour.

    It requires a sender,a message, and a recipient,although the receiver need notbe present or aware of the

    sender's intent to communicateat the time of communication .

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    ypes of communication

    !erbalCommunication:

    In verbalcommunication thesender shares

    his"her thoughts inthe form of words.It includes sounds,

    words, languageand spea#ing.

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    $on%!erbalCommunication:

    it involves &hysicalways of communicationli#e symbols, signlanguage, bodylanguage, body posture,physical contact,dancing and facialexpressions.

    ypes of communication

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    rittenCommunication:

    It is writing the wordswhich you want tocommunicate.

    (%mails, reports, articlesand memos are some of the

    ways of using writtencommunication.It can be edited and

    amended many times beforeit is communicated to the

    second party to whom thecommunication is intended.

    ypes of communication

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    !isual Communication:

    It is visual display ofinformation, li#etopography, photography,signs, symbols anddesigns.

    elevision and video clipsare the electronic form ofvisual communication.

    ypes of communication

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    )ormal Communication: It is written or graphic

    communication whichfollows the lines ofauthority and

    accountability. Its channels ow in threedirection: Downward,Upward and Horizontalommunication.

    ays of Communication in*rgani+ation

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    ownwardCommunication

    : It in!ol!es ow ofcommunication from

    higher le!el to the lowerle!els.

    -pwardCommunication

    : It ows from lowerle!els to the higher

    le!els of theorganization.

    ays of Communication in*rgani+ation

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    ori+ontalCommunication:

    Horizontalommunication isinformation e"changebetween departmentsas means ofcoordinating theiracti!ities.

    It occurs across thesame le!el.

    ays of Communication in*rgani+ation

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    InformalCommunication:

    It is a communication arisingout of all those channels ofcommunication that fallsoutside the formal channels.

    ta#es place due to theindividual needs of themembers of an organi+ation.

    It is oral and maybe expressedeven by simple glance, sign or

    silence.

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    /dvantages of:)ormalCommunication: It is systematic and

    orderly ow of ideas. #he source of

    communication can beeasily located.

    It pro!ides support toauthority of super!iseor o!er subordinate.

    It facilitates control.

    Informal Communication: It acts as a !aluable

    purpose in e"pressing

    certain information. It satis$es the people

    desire to identify whatis happening in the

    organization. It also facilitates to

    ameliorate managerialdecicions.

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    i0erences)ormal Communication:

    Used in theprofessional setting.

    %o slang

    &ronounce wordcorrectly.

    Informal Communication:

    Usually used withfriends and family.

    ontains shortened!ersion of words.

    ontains slang words.

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    External factors- #he e"ternal factorsa'ecting communication are related to the

    comple"ity of the networ( and the numberof de!ices a message must pass throughon its route to its $nal destination.

    Internal factors ) Internal factors thatinterfere with networ( communication are

    related to the nature of the message itself.

    )actors that a0ect thequality of communication

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    success ofcommunicationinclude: #he *uality of the pathway

    between the sender andthe recipient. #he number of times themessage has to changeform.

    #he number of times themessage has to beredirected or readdressed.

    #he number of othermessages beingtransmitted simultaneouslyon the communicationnetwor(.

    #he amount of time

    communicationacross the networ#include:

    #he size of the

    message

    #he comple"ity of themessage

    #he importance of themessage

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    &hysical 1arriers +motional arriers

    Cultural 1arriers -ender arriers Interpersonal

    arriers &erceptual arriers 2anguage

    1arriers

    1arriers toCommunication:

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    & 34IC/2 1/55I(54&hysical 1arriersincludes:

    losed o ce doors,barriers, screensand separate areasfor people ofdi'erent status. /arge wor(ingareas or wor(ing inone unit that isphysically separate

    from others.

    ow to overcome&hysical 1arriers:

    #he easiest way too!ercome &hysicalarrier is to getaround it. losed o ce

    doors0 open them. 1eparate wor(inglocations0 wal( toother one

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    C-2 -5/2 1/55I(54Cultural 1arriersincludes:

    2hen we 3oin a group andwish to remain in it, sooner orlater we need to adopt thebeha!iour pattern of thegroup. ommunicating with peoplefrom di'erent cultures can bechallenging e!en they spea(

    the same language. 2ords and gestures used inyour culture could ha!edi'erent meaning to the othercultures .

    ow to overcome Cultural1arriers: ultural arriers can

    be the hardest barriersto o!ercome4

    It is important tounderstand andrespect the culturalbac(ground of people

    you may becommunicating with. Don4t pro3ect yourown bac(ground ontopeople.

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    2/$6-/6( 1/55I(542anguage1arriersincludes: It indicates the

    di culty when tryingto communicate with

    someone who doesn4tshare a commonlanguage. In separate areas of

    business, somewor(ers primarylanguage may not besimilar to that of otherwor(ers.

    ow to overcome2anguage barriers: -estures are a great way tocommunicate without the useof words.

    5any words can be pic(ed upby people who spea( di'erentlanguages through the media.

    #ry using common words,spea(ing slowly and usinggestures to illustrate it if

    needed. #he saying goes 6one picturepaints a thousand words7. Ifneeds be, draw a picture topro3ect your point.

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    #ransactional 8nalysis

    It is an analysis of the!erbal transaction

    between two personHelps impro!e theinterpersonal

    communication based on astudy of ego4s state of aperson communicating witheach other

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    +go states9 erne

    1et of thoughts, feelings, beha!iors,gestures, etc, that pre dominant the conditionof the person at the moment of

    communications.

    ; stages: &arent 8dult hild

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    ontent and haracteristics of +go1tates

    &arent: 3udgmental0 critical of

    self and others0moralistic0 directi!e and6how to7 oriented0 rigid0pre3udiced0 controllingof others, particularly byin!o(ing guilt feelings0

    authoritarian)permissi!e0 tradition)bound0 supporti!e0paternalistic.

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    ontent and haracteristics of +go1tates

    /dult: logical0 non)

    emotional0 rational0ob3ecti!e0 fact)oriented0calculating0 funless0ageless0 computer)li(e with constant

    data updating0probabilistic0 here)and)now oriented.

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    ontent and haracteristics of +go1tates

    Child: spontaneous0 fun)

    lo!ing0 curious0creati!e0 impulsi!e0stubborn0 rebellious0manipulati!e0sul(ing0 6 poor me7dependency0

    reactionary0 non)confronting0 self)centered and self)pitying.

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    (go 4tate ransaction omplementary #ransaction

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    (go 4tate ransaction

    ross #ransaction

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    (go 4tate ransaction Ulterior #ransaction

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    /ssertiveCommunication

    is the straightforward and openexpression of your needs,

    desires, thoughts and feelings./ssertive communicationinvolves advocating for your own

    needs while still considering andrespecting the needs of others.

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    7een *bservation

    pays close attention to things.

    ) Aeen obser!er : is someone whowatches and notices smalldetails that others may not.

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    5e8ective 2istening 4#ills

    process of restating, in our words, the feelingandBor content that is being e"pressed and is

    part of the !erbal component of sending andrecei!ing messages. re ecting bac( to the spea(er what we

    belie!e we understand we !alidate that person by gi!ing them the

    e"perience of being heard andac(nowledged.

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    )ilipino !alues andCommunication

    he )ilipino value system or )ilipinovalues refers to the set of values or the valuesystem that a ma9ority of the )ilipino havehistorically held important in their lives. his

    &hilippine value system includes their ownunique assemblage of consistent ideologies,moral codes,ethical practices, eti*uette,and cultural and personal !alues that arepromoted by their society. /s with anysociety though, the values that an individualholds sacred can di0er on the basis ofreligion, upbringing and other facto rs.

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    Di'erent !alues of Cilipinos:Camily alues

    -alang 9Eespect1ipag 9Industry&ag(a)masinop 9Crugality&ag(a)maalalahanin 9#houghtfulnessait 9Aindness or good beha!ior&agiging maaasahan 9Dependability&ag(a)masunurin 9Fbedience

    &aninilbihan 91er!itude

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    1piritual alues

    #a(ot sa Diyos 9-od)fearing&ag(amadasalin 9&iousness&agiging &ala)simba 9 eing a mass)goerDibosyon 9De!otionait 9Aindness or good beha!ior

    5oralidad 9&roper morals

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    5elationship !alues&a#i#ipag#apwa%tao 5elationg to other people well;

    -tang na loob returning a favor;&a#i#isama 1eing people oriented;

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    Community !alues

    ayanihan 9 ooperation&aggalang sa batas 9Eespect for the/aw&ag(a)mapag(awanggawa 9 harity&a(i(iasama 9-etting along wellDelcadeza 9&robity

    /inis ng pangalan 9 lean reputationIntegridad 9Integrity5roalidad 9&roper 5orals

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    -oodbyeGGGG #han(z for listeningHope you en3oyGGG