consultative committee for space data systems cislunar networking working group
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Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems Cislunar Networking Working Group. Keith Scott JPL Cislunar Workshop 16 June 2004 Pasadena, CA. Background. MITRE Not for profit, non-competitive, chartered in the public interest - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
© 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved
Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems
Cislunar Networking Working Group
Keith Scott
JPL Cislunar Workshop
16 June 2004
Pasadena, CA
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© 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved
Background
MITRE– Not for profit, non-competitive, chartered in the public interest
Work in partnership with government, applying systems engineering and advanced technology to issues of national importance
– The MITRE corporation runs three Federally Funded Research and Development Centers:
DOD FAA IRS
– Networking Center Tactical military networks, Navy ForceNet, NCW, SATCOM, MobileIP,
… Previous and current work with NASA/DoD on space
communications protocols and tactical applications
– Asked by Code-M to lead CCSDS working group on cislunar and in-situ communications
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CCSDS
Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS)– Members: Various nations’ space agencies
They fund people to work on CCSDS
– Develops international standards for communicating with and among spacecraft
Standards enable (international) cross-support Pool the small market for space communications hardware/software Adopt, adapt, develop Product: standards, some prototype implementations
– Six main areas within CCSDS: System Engineering Spacecraft On-board Interfaces Space Internetworking Space Link
Cislunar Working Group Cross Support Mission Operations and
Information Management
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Cislunar Working Group
Kickoff meeting 14 May 2004 at Spring meetings– International participation (ESA, BNSC, CSA, …)– Presentations on:
Environment Architectures CCSDS and other protocols / capabilities
– Draft Charter
Current Status– CCSDS has voted to form the working group– In the process of allocating resources
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Cislunar WG Work Items
Define baseline communications architecture to support lunar and in-situ communications– Human and robotic– Reuse (of existing technology, of this technology into future
environments, e.g. Mars in-situ) Examine existing CCSDS protocols to determine how they
can be applied to the baseline architecture– Centered on network, transport layers– Update existing standards where appropriate– Issues discovered related to link and application protocols will
be referred to relevant CCSDS areas (Space Link Services, Applications)
Research new protocols for adoption by CCSDS*– IETF standards (SCTP, LEMONADE, DCCP, and MIDCOM
working groups, …)
*Probably not in time for 2008 lunar mission.
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Lunar Communications Requirements
1969 Moon shot– Voice– Video– Minimal Data
2020 Moon shot– Voice– Videoconference– HDTV downlink– “Everyday” applications (email, web, …)– Operation in intermittently- connected
environments?– Tele-operation of robots
– Lots of “stuff”
Networked architecture, nota bunch of point-to-pointlinks
WASHINGTON (CNN) -- Saying "the desire to explore and understand is part of our character," President Bush Wednesday unveiled an ambitious plan to return Americans to the moon by 2020 and use the mission as a steppingstone for future manned trips to Mars and beyond.
WASHINGTON (CNN) -- Saying "the desire to explore and understand is part of our character," President Bush Wednesday unveiled an ambitious plan to return Americans to the moon by 2020 and use the mission as a steppingstone for future manned trips to Mars and beyond.
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Networked Architecture
Efficient use of links, especially as the number of users increases
vs.
Support for disconnected operations– What if there’s no end-to-end path?
Simplified management: get away from “one spacecraft, one (DTE) link”
f f
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Communications Links
Adapted from “LDRM Communication Operations Concept (Laura Hood, JSC)
SurfaceEVA(s)
LunarRover
LunarLander
ScienceInst.
Lunar Surface
Earth
Lunar VicinityLunar
Orbiters
Camera
Earth
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NetworkingServices
Space TransportServices
Space ApplicationServices
End-to-EndSpace Applications
Space TransportServices
Space ApplicationServices
End-to-EndSpace Applications
End-to-End Networking Architecture
Terrestrial LinkServices
Terrestrial LinkServices
Space LinkServices
Onboard LinkServices
Onboard LinkServices
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Terrestrial LinkServices
Terrestrial NetworkingServices
Terrestrial TransportServices
Space ApplicationServices
End-to-EndSpace Applications
Onboard LinkServices
Onboard TransportServices
Space ApplicationServices
End-to-EndSpace Applications
TerrestrialTransportServices
SpaceTransportServices
SpaceTransportServices
OnboardTransportServices
Space NetworkingServices
Onboard NetworkingServices
Terrestrial LinkServices
Space LinkServices
Space LinkServices
Onboard LinkServices
Gatewayed Transport / Networking Architecture
GroundStation
GatewayInternet
OnboardGateway
App App
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Space Networking Services
SpaceNetworkingServices
Space TransportServices
Space ApplicationServices
TCP
CCSDS AOS, TM, TC
CCSDS AOS/TM/TC Coding
CCSDS RF & Mod
CCSDS Proximity 1
CCSDS Prox-1 Coding
CCSDS RF & Mod
Currently Unspecified
Currently Unspecified
Currently Unspecified
End-to-End Space Applications
CCSDS Path IPSec, CCSDS SP
FTP, CCSDS FPCFDP
UDP
IPv4, IPv6, CCSDS NP
Space Long Haul Space Proximity Space Surface
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Protocols
SpaceNetwork(TDRS)
Deep SpaceNetwork (DSN)
GroundNetwork
(NASA /commercial)
SurfaceEVA(s)
LunarRover
LunarLander
ScienceInst.
Lunar Surface
Earth
Lunar VicinityLunar
Orbiters
Camera
Earth
Surface Proximity Link
CCSDS Advanced Orbiting Sytems (AOS), TC/TM
CCSDS Prox-1
[CCSDS TC/TMCCSDS AOS]
[CCSDS TC/TMCCSDS AOS]
[CCSDS TC/TMCCSDS AOS]
ExistingGroundEquip.
ExistingRadios
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Existing CCSDS Capabilities
Availability– Commercial companies support CCSDS protocols
Speed– CCSDS TC/TM/AOS Telemetry Processors available up to
400Mbps– CCSDS Prox-1 implementation speeds?
Application support– Support for streaming applications (voice)– Support for applications built over IPv4, IPv6
Cross-Support– Prox-1 cross-support demonstrated at Mars
image.gsfc.nasa.gov/publication/ document/dmr/image_dmr_5.html
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Related Technologies
Lemonade– Enhancements and profiles of Internet email submission,
transport, and retrieval protocols to facilitate operation on platforms with constrained resources, or communications links with high latency or limited bandwidth
Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP)– A minimal general purpose transport-layer protocol providing:
setup, maintenance and teardown of unreliable packet flows congestion control of those flows.
Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP)– Think of it as “TCP+”: message boundaries, multiple streams,
support for multi-homing, … Middlebox Communications (Midcom)
– How end hosts can discover and interact with proxies in the middle of the network
IP-over-DVB (and other link technologies)
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Participation
CCSDS Information (participation, meeting schedule):– http://www.ccsds.org
Cislunar WG mailing list:– http://mailman.ccsds.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/sis-csi
Me:– [email protected]
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Conclusions
Baseline architecture– Looking at both end-to-end and gatewayed architectures– CCSDS Protocol Suite
Flight-proven hardware and software Supports target application set CCSDS protocols installed and running in ground stations Standards, interoperability, international cross-support
Lunar Relay Orbiter Recommendations– Networked architecture. Go to at least layer 3 (network) in the
spacecraft Because we want to get away from “one spacecraft, one DTE link” If at all possible, provide the ability to experiment with technologies
like CFDP and DTN to support communications over disconnected paths
– Support CCSDS AOS and Prox-1 protocols for Earth and Lunar element comms., respectively
Existing commercial hardware, Software Defined Radio, …
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Strawman LRO Capabilities
SurfaceEVA(s)
LunarRover
LunarLander
ScienceInst.
Lunar Surface
Earth
Lunar Vicinity
LRO
Camera
Earth
Surface Proximity Link
CCSDS Advanced Orbiting Sytems (AOS)
CCSDS Prox-1
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Questions?
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Backups
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Some Data Points
Earth-Moon distance is 384,748 km (~1.28s one-way) Earth-Mars distance varies between ~4 minutes and ~20
minutes (one-way)
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IETF Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (dccp) The Datagram Control Protocol working group is chartered
to develop and standardize the Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP). DCCP is a minimal general purpose transport-layer protocol providing only two core functions:– The establishment, maintenance and teardown of an unreliable
packet flow.– Congestion control of that packet flow.
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IETF LEMONADE
Lemonade is tasked to provide a set of enhancements and profiles of Internet email submission, transport, and retrieval protocols to facilitate operation on platforms with constrained resources, or communications links with high latency or limited bandwidth. A primary goal of this work is to ensure that those profiles and enhancements continue to interoperate with the existing Internet email protocols in use on the Internet, so that these environments and more traditional Internet users have access to a seamless service.
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IETF SCTP (RFC2960)
SCTP is a reliable transport protocol operating on top of a connectionless packet network such as IP. It offers the following services to its users:– acknowledged error-free non-duplicated transfer of user data,– data fragmentation to conform to discovered path MTU size– sequenced delivery of user messages within multiple streams,
with an option for order-of-arrival delivery of individual user messages
– optional bundling of multiple user messages into a single SCTP packet
– network-level fault tolerance through supporting of multi-homing at either or both ends of an association.
The design of SCTP includes appropriate congestion avoidance behavior and resistance to flooding and masquerade attacks.
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Middlebox Architectures
IETF midcom working group– As trusted third parties are increasingly being asked to make
policy decisions on behalf of the various entities participating in an application's operation, a need has developed for applications to be able to communicate their needs to the devices in the network that provide transport policy enforcement. Examples of these devices include firewalls, network address translators (both within and between address families), signature management for intrusion detection systems, and multimedia buffer management. These devices are a subset of what can be referred to as 'middleboxes.'
SCPS-TP Gateways
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Space Networking Services
Space Transport Services
Space Long-Haul Data Link
Space Long-Haul Coding
Space Long-Haul Channel
Space Proximity Data Link
Space Proximity Coding
Space Proximity Channel
Space Surface Data Link
Space Surface Coding
Space Surface Channel
End-to-End Space Applications
Space Application Services
Space Networking Services
Space Link Services
Space Long Haul Space Proximity Space Surface
SP
AC
E P
RO
TO
CO
L M
OD
EL
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End-to-End Data Flow
Subnet
PathService
BitstreamService
VirtualChannelAccessService
VirtualChannel
DataUnit
InsertService
Physical Channel
Virtual Channel
SubnetSubnet Subnet MultiplexingBit
stream
Packet Transfer
Onboard Network Space Link Subnetwork
IP
Internet
PathProtocol
InternetService
ApplicationServices
Encap.
EncapsulationService
InternetInternet
Packet Transfer
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Subnet
PathService
BitstreamService
VirtualChannelAccessService
VirtualChannel
DataUnit
InsertService
Physical Channel
Virtual Channel
SubnetSubnet Subnet MultiplexingBit
stream
Packet Transfer
Onboard Network Space Link Subnetwork
IP
Internet
PathProtocol
InternetService
ApplicationServices
Encap.
EncapsulationService
InternetInternet
Packet Transfer
End-to-End Data Flow
Email,Web, Chat
Voice
CCSDS Internet Service:Provided IP or IP-likeend-end data transfer
CCSDS Path Service:Provides efficient managed
end-end data transferCCSDS Encapsulation Service:
Wraps delimited data unitsfor space link transfer
CCSDS Multiplexing Service:
Switches packets in/outof CCSDS Frames
CCSDS Virtual ChannelAccess Service:
Relays a block of octetsacross link via CCSDS Frame
CCSDS VirtualChannel Data Unit
Service: InterleavesCCSDS Framesfrom different
spacecraft
CCSDS InsertService:
Transferssmall blockof octets
isochronously
CCSDS Bitstream Service:
Relays a stream of bitsacross link via CCSDS
Frame