CopenhagenNick Digirolamo

Zach Duell

Reed Feery

Matt Macmurray

Erin Robartes

Physical Aspects of Copenhagen

The capital and most populated city of Denmark

Copenhagen, DenmarkIn Northern Europe The City

Copenhagen is an old city…

Bella Sky Hotel, Ørestad district of Copenhagen, Denmark

… mixed with contemporary features

Copenhagen has many airports, including Copenhagen Airport, the largest airport in Scandonavia

Copenhagen has one of the most used public transportation systems in Europe and the world (main-line rail, S-train,

regional trains, metro, and buses)

Copenhagen has extensive road networks including relatively new Øresund Bridge, which connects city to major Swedish

city Malmö

Øresund Bridge• Longest combined road and rail bridge in Europe

• Last portion of bridge (4 km, 2.5 mi) is underwater

Copenhagen served by daily ferry to Oslo, Norway and canals allow for some boat travel along the coast

Many parts of the city do not allow motor vehicle access and are designated as walking and biking districts

Speaking of biking…

Copenhagen is one of the most bicycle-friendly cities in the world

• Extensive bicycle paths often separated from main traffic and sometimes have their own traffic signal systems

Political Point of View

● First Danish Planning Act, 1939

● The Finger Plan, 1947

● The Thumb & the Forefinger, 1961

● Regional Planning Authority formed,

1966.

● Greater Copenhagen Council was

formed, 1974 - 1989.

● Present Day - 2000 - Greater

Copenhagen Authority was

established to oversee transportation

planning.·

Major Legal Milestones

The Fingers Plan

● 1947

● Development strategy where

each finger is a metropolitan

area focused on a branch of the

Copenhagen S-train.

● Palm of the “hand” is the central,

dense urban area of

Copenhagen.

● Is still the basis of regional

transportation almost 60 years

later.

Social Point of View

- Population - 569,000 (1/10 total population of Denmark)

- 77% of Danish descent

- 1.8 million people occupy the Greater Copenhagen Metropolitan

area (1/3 total population)

- City Area: 221,712 acres

- Density Level: 23 people / acre

- Park Acreage: 6,143 acres

- Well known for its high quality of living

- One of the most expensive cities in the world

- Extremely safe

Social Point of View

- Extremely environmentally friendly

- Aims to be carbon-neutral by 2025

- Extremely bicycle-friendly

- 36% of residents regularly use bicycles to travel their

place of work or education

- Connected to Malmo, Sweden by the Øresund Bridge

- Brings thousands of people between the 2 countries

every day

Historical Transportation and Land

Use Events● 1847 - First Central Station in Copenhagen

● 1847 - First steam engine

● 1863 - First horse driven Tram Car line in Denmark and Copenhagen was established

● 1896 - First motor vehicle in Copenhagen

● 1910 - First Bicycle Lanes and paths in Copenhagen

● 1955 - First "Skyscrapers" in Copenhagen

● 1956 - First Danish Freeway in Greater Copenhagen

● 1962 - The world's longest Pedestrian Street in Copenhagen

● 1972 - The last Tramcar in Copenhagen

● 2000 - The Oresund Bridge

● 2002 - The first metro line in and around Copenhagen opened

● 2008 - Copenhagen no. 1 city in the world

● 2012 – Bicycle superhighway opens

Transportation Goals: Bicycles

2011-2025 Bicycle Strategy

● Reduce Travel Time

o one way bicycle streets eliminated, short cuts established

● Sense of Security

o reduce congestion, more and wider cycle tracks, room for

passing

● Improved Comfort

o smooth cycle tracks, improved snow clearing

● Changes in City Life

o cargo bike facilities, shopping by bikinghttp://kk.sites.itera.dk/apps/kk_pub2/pdf/823_Bg65v7UH2t.pdf

http://media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/57/b4/ac/57b4ac3612843bbd9771e4badf076363.jpg

Goals: Pedestrians

2015 Goals- More People to Walk More

→ Contributes to the goal of becoming carbon neutral

→ More liveable city-better interactions with other people and the

city

→ Method: benches, time to cross at intersections, walking surfaces

http://ec.europa.eu/environment/europeangreencapital/winning-cities/2014-copenhagen/copenhagen-

application/index.html

http://kk.sites.itera.dk/apps/kk_pub2/pdf/944_kJ1jmWQff0.pdf

Goals: Public Transportation

● Construction of Metro City Ringo Another underground metro line to improve transportation

throughout the old quarter of the city

● Traffic Calmingo Increases in parking charges

o Reserved spaces for registered shared cars

http://ec.europa.eu/environment/europeangreencapital/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/Section-2-Local-transport_Copenhagen.pdf

Questions?

Works Cited

http://www.cntraveller.com/guides/europe/denmark/copenhagen/where-to-stay

http://freshtraveldestinations.com/oresund-bridge-the-connection-between-sweden-and-denmark/

http://photo.net/photodb/photo?photo_id=2963701

http://kk.sites.itera.dk/apps/kk_pub2/pdf/823_Bg65v7UH2t.pdf

http://media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/57/b4/ac/57b4ac3612843bbd9771e4badf076363.jpg

http://ec.europa.eu/environment/europeangreencapital/winning-cities/2014-copenhagen/copenhagen-application/index.html

http://kk.sites.itera.dk/apps/kk_pub2/pdf/944_kJ1jmWQff0.pdf

http://ec.europa.eu/environment/europeangreencapital/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/Section-2-Local-

transport_Copenhagen.pdf

http://www.2gocopenhagen.com/

http://www.copenhagenet.dk/Images/DSB-Flintholm.jpg

https://d3n8a8pro7vhmx.cloudfront.net/greenbelt/pages/565/attachments/original/1382460782/copenhagen-

finger-plan_-_image_2.jpg?1382460782

http://contemporarycity.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/fingerplan.jpg

Works Cited

http://www.turkey-visit.com/map/Denmark/Odense-map.asp

http://www.copenhagen-cph.airports-guides.com/cph_airport_maps.html

http://www.lonelyplanet.com/maps/europe/denmark/copenhagen/

http://www.istopoli.com/cruise/port.php?id=1

http://international-club-copenhagen.blogspot.com/2011/05/bella-sky-comwell-hotel-grand-opening.html

http://www.sharpgis.net/post/2007/11/12/Linear-maps

http://www.xtec.cat/~aguiu1/socials/mapes08.htm

http://www.mimoa.eu/projects/Sweden/Malm%F6/%D8resund%20bridge

http://adventuresforanyone.blogspot.com/2014/09/my-first-thoughts-on-denmark.html

http://adventuresforanyone.blogspot.com/2014/09/my-first-thoughts-on-denmark.html

http://www.thecycler.net/more/copenhagen-bike-share-competition

http://pinetribe.com/the-wheels-keep-on-rollin/