CS101 Four Concepts

Four Important Concepts

Concept 1: Computers are stupid!

However, they are getting smarter!Cognitive Computing

Concept 2: To be a computer a device must do four things.

• Input Information– Input Devices

• Process Information– Processor

• Output Information– Output Devices

• Store Information– Storage Devices

When was first computer invented?

Who is this?

Concept 3: Information needs to be in form of zeros and ones for a

computer to process it.• Information must be in the form of zeros and ones

because the processor is make up of switches.– Intel and Advanced Micro Devices are the two types of

processors found in most personal computers

• Switches in processor have two states: On and Off

• Off = 0 On = 1

Four Generation of Processors

When they figure out how to make processors in a different way that makes the processors faster, cheaper, smaller, and more reliable a new generation of processors is born.

What are these things?

A) Stuff almost as old as the teacher

B) Old fashion bullets

C) Vacuum tubes

D) Something floating around in “Finding Nemo”

• First Generation 1939 –1944

– Vacuum tubes

• Second Generation 1945 –1957

– Transistors

• Third Generation 1958 – 1970

– Integrated Circuit

• Forth Generation = 1971 -?

– Silicon Microprocessor

Fifth Generation?

• http://www.engadget.com/2015/07/26/single-molecule-transistor/#continued

Under 70 years from..• 18,000 switches in a room,

failure every day, 120,000 watts, 3 computers in the world

To

• Billions of switches on multicore chips, failures are rare, 10 - 25 watts, hundreds of processors in your daily life.