danajon bank, philippines: an ebm case study
TRANSCRIPT
Some Basic Stock Assessment PrinciplesDanajon Bank, Philippines: an
EBM case study
Danajon Bank, Philippines: an EBM case study
Nygiel B. Armada Fisheries Resource Management Advisor FISH Project [email protected]
Danajon BankDanajon Bank
Danahon Bank
CAMOTES SEA
BOHOL SEA
The Danajon Bank ecosystem Only double barrier reef in the Philippines High biodiversity and the most habitat-rich fisheries ecosystem in the Central Philippines Extensive coral reef, mangrove and seagrass habitats Traditional fishing ground for reef fishes, rabbit fishes and many small pelagics Traditional fishing ground for blue crabs, shrimps, squids, sea cucumbers
Threats to the marine ecosystem Degraded corals - living coral is less than 25% Heavily exploited – demersal biomass density is 0.44 t/km2
Illegal and destructive fishing – dynamite, Danish seine, trawl, fine meshed nets Mangrove cutting, illegal conversion, siltation
FISH ProjectFISH Project
Management Mechanisms
Project sites: Calamianes Islands, Northern Palawan Danajon Bank, Bohol Surigao del Sur, Pacific Seaboard Tawi-Tawi, Sulu Archipelago
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
D e m
EBFM: from concept to practiceEBFM: from concept to practice
EBFM Recommended Actions: 1. Delineation of ecosystem boundaries 2. Characterization of the dynamics of the
ecosystem and determination of habitat needs of important organisms
3. Development of indices of ecosystems’ health as targets for management
4. Development of conceptual model of the food web and assessment of how removals are related to trophic structure
5. Assessment of institutional elements of the ecosystem which most significantly affect fisheries
6. Development and implementation of strategies such as management planning, zoning schemes, gear/species-specific management, registration & licensing, law enforcement, MPAs
7. Establishment of governance system that is responsive to ecosystems approach
8. Development of long-term monitoring schemes
Basic Elements of the FISH Project’s EBFM Approach:
Incremental understanding of the dynamics of the marine ecosystem the defined boundary Early fisheries management actions on obvious fisheries exploitation (gear?) issues Immediate fisheries management interventions for species that constitute a large portion of the food web (economic importance?). Development of governance system that is responsive to ecosystems approach (scale?)
EBFM: from concept to practiceEBFM: from concept to practice
Control Mechanisms: Network of marine protected areas Species-specific management (spatial and temporal close season) Gear restrictions and size limits Registration and licensing Zoning of fishing and water activities
Cross-cutting initiatives: IEC, Policy, Law Enforcement
Network of MPAsNetwork of MPAs
123.8 124 124.2 124.4 124.6
10
10.2
10.4
Rabbit fish (Siganus canaliculatus)
Close season during spawning season of rabbit fish - 4th 5th and 6th day after the new moon - monthly for the entire year or for a few months only Banning of fine meshed gears catching rabbit fishes Banning of selling of rabbit fishes during close season
Species specific managementSpecies specific management
Ban on catching and selling of berried females Size limits (12 cm carapace width?) Minimum crab gillnet mesh size of 10 cm (4 inches) Impounding berried females (7 days?) Zoning of crab fishing gears
12 cm
Crab gillnet
Length at maturity
Size composition of blue crab, Portunus pelagicus caught by gillnet, liftnet, and crab pot
ZoningZoning
Danajon Bank 2004 2006 2008
Bottom-set gillnet * 2.06 1.83 3.88 88.6
Bottom-set longline 4.77 2.62 1.32 -72.4
Fish trap 1.06 1.34 1.17 10.9
Bottom trawl 1.41 2.91 2.89 104.7
% CPUE
43.3513.369.32Uba -31.2011.2016.28Capandan
Fisheries monitoringFisheries monitoring
Danajon Bank 2004 2006 %
CPUE Filter net 1.33 9.25 593.75 Hook and line w/float 2.96 13.30 349.87 Danish seine 24.75 79.06 219.47 Fish pot 9.50 19.90 109.47 Drift gillnet 7.37 11.65 58.06 Set gillnet (with plunger) 10.29 13.59 32.06 Round-haul seine 100.37 132.18 31.69 Stationary liftnet 13.48 17.38 28.96 Squid jig (troll) 1.53 1.73 13.15 Squid gillnet 8.35 9.43 12.89 Multiple handline 3.60 4.00 11.18 Encircling gillnet 42.67 45.84 7.44 Hook and line (simple) 2.50 2.68 7.09 Trammel net 5.73 6.09 6.31 Squid pot 3.58 3.40 -4.81 Drive-in gillnet 14.77 12.31 -16.69 Fish corral 5.30 4.41 -16.93 Spear w/compressor 29.05 23.22 -20.08 Bottom-set longline 4.59 3.29 -28.39 Crab liftnet 3.37 2.40 -29.00 Crab gillnet 3.40 2.04 -39.92 Spear gun, harpoon 2.92 1.68 -42.36 Crab pot 6.65 3.66 -44.97 Bottomset gillnet 15.81 7.66 -51.57 Otter trawl 13.57 6.38 -53.02 Beach seine 20.64 3.50 -83.04
Fisheries monitoringFisheries monitoring
Emphasized the severity of the overfishing problem Motivated partners and stakeholders’ commitment Confirmed observed increases in catch rates Showed which fishing gears benefited from initiatives Highlighted the fact that illegal fishers benefit the most from management initiatives
Other measurable project results
Other measurable project results
Inter-municipality arrangements Adoption of CRM as a basic service (building on CRM) Multi-year municipal CFRM Plan – codifying fisheries ordinances Establishment MPAs – network of MPAs (about 30) Training of people’s organizations in MPA management Ordinances regulating mesh sizes, ban on active gears Ordinances on closed seasons and ban on catching of gravid individuals Fishers and fishing boats registration system Establishment of coastal law enforcement units - both at municipal (MCLET) and MPA level (SET)
Future EBM directionsFuture EBM directions
Panglao Island
Boh ol
Stra it
Canigao Channel
Fishing frequency of Danish seine in 2004
Key governance challengeKey governance challenge
Fishing frequency of Danish seine in 2006
Danajon Bank, Philippines: an EBM case study
Nygiel B. Armada Fisheries Resource Management Advisor FISH Project [email protected]
Danajon BankDanajon Bank
Danahon Bank
CAMOTES SEA
BOHOL SEA
The Danajon Bank ecosystem Only double barrier reef in the Philippines High biodiversity and the most habitat-rich fisheries ecosystem in the Central Philippines Extensive coral reef, mangrove and seagrass habitats Traditional fishing ground for reef fishes, rabbit fishes and many small pelagics Traditional fishing ground for blue crabs, shrimps, squids, sea cucumbers
Threats to the marine ecosystem Degraded corals - living coral is less than 25% Heavily exploited – demersal biomass density is 0.44 t/km2
Illegal and destructive fishing – dynamite, Danish seine, trawl, fine meshed nets Mangrove cutting, illegal conversion, siltation
FISH ProjectFISH Project
Management Mechanisms
Project sites: Calamianes Islands, Northern Palawan Danajon Bank, Bohol Surigao del Sur, Pacific Seaboard Tawi-Tawi, Sulu Archipelago
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
D e m
EBFM: from concept to practiceEBFM: from concept to practice
EBFM Recommended Actions: 1. Delineation of ecosystem boundaries 2. Characterization of the dynamics of the
ecosystem and determination of habitat needs of important organisms
3. Development of indices of ecosystems’ health as targets for management
4. Development of conceptual model of the food web and assessment of how removals are related to trophic structure
5. Assessment of institutional elements of the ecosystem which most significantly affect fisheries
6. Development and implementation of strategies such as management planning, zoning schemes, gear/species-specific management, registration & licensing, law enforcement, MPAs
7. Establishment of governance system that is responsive to ecosystems approach
8. Development of long-term monitoring schemes
Basic Elements of the FISH Project’s EBFM Approach:
Incremental understanding of the dynamics of the marine ecosystem the defined boundary Early fisheries management actions on obvious fisheries exploitation (gear?) issues Immediate fisheries management interventions for species that constitute a large portion of the food web (economic importance?). Development of governance system that is responsive to ecosystems approach (scale?)
EBFM: from concept to practiceEBFM: from concept to practice
Control Mechanisms: Network of marine protected areas Species-specific management (spatial and temporal close season) Gear restrictions and size limits Registration and licensing Zoning of fishing and water activities
Cross-cutting initiatives: IEC, Policy, Law Enforcement
Network of MPAsNetwork of MPAs
123.8 124 124.2 124.4 124.6
10
10.2
10.4
Rabbit fish (Siganus canaliculatus)
Close season during spawning season of rabbit fish - 4th 5th and 6th day after the new moon - monthly for the entire year or for a few months only Banning of fine meshed gears catching rabbit fishes Banning of selling of rabbit fishes during close season
Species specific managementSpecies specific management
Ban on catching and selling of berried females Size limits (12 cm carapace width?) Minimum crab gillnet mesh size of 10 cm (4 inches) Impounding berried females (7 days?) Zoning of crab fishing gears
12 cm
Crab gillnet
Length at maturity
Size composition of blue crab, Portunus pelagicus caught by gillnet, liftnet, and crab pot
ZoningZoning
Danajon Bank 2004 2006 2008
Bottom-set gillnet * 2.06 1.83 3.88 88.6
Bottom-set longline 4.77 2.62 1.32 -72.4
Fish trap 1.06 1.34 1.17 10.9
Bottom trawl 1.41 2.91 2.89 104.7
% CPUE
43.3513.369.32Uba -31.2011.2016.28Capandan
Fisheries monitoringFisheries monitoring
Danajon Bank 2004 2006 %
CPUE Filter net 1.33 9.25 593.75 Hook and line w/float 2.96 13.30 349.87 Danish seine 24.75 79.06 219.47 Fish pot 9.50 19.90 109.47 Drift gillnet 7.37 11.65 58.06 Set gillnet (with plunger) 10.29 13.59 32.06 Round-haul seine 100.37 132.18 31.69 Stationary liftnet 13.48 17.38 28.96 Squid jig (troll) 1.53 1.73 13.15 Squid gillnet 8.35 9.43 12.89 Multiple handline 3.60 4.00 11.18 Encircling gillnet 42.67 45.84 7.44 Hook and line (simple) 2.50 2.68 7.09 Trammel net 5.73 6.09 6.31 Squid pot 3.58 3.40 -4.81 Drive-in gillnet 14.77 12.31 -16.69 Fish corral 5.30 4.41 -16.93 Spear w/compressor 29.05 23.22 -20.08 Bottom-set longline 4.59 3.29 -28.39 Crab liftnet 3.37 2.40 -29.00 Crab gillnet 3.40 2.04 -39.92 Spear gun, harpoon 2.92 1.68 -42.36 Crab pot 6.65 3.66 -44.97 Bottomset gillnet 15.81 7.66 -51.57 Otter trawl 13.57 6.38 -53.02 Beach seine 20.64 3.50 -83.04
Fisheries monitoringFisheries monitoring
Emphasized the severity of the overfishing problem Motivated partners and stakeholders’ commitment Confirmed observed increases in catch rates Showed which fishing gears benefited from initiatives Highlighted the fact that illegal fishers benefit the most from management initiatives
Other measurable project results
Other measurable project results
Inter-municipality arrangements Adoption of CRM as a basic service (building on CRM) Multi-year municipal CFRM Plan – codifying fisheries ordinances Establishment MPAs – network of MPAs (about 30) Training of people’s organizations in MPA management Ordinances regulating mesh sizes, ban on active gears Ordinances on closed seasons and ban on catching of gravid individuals Fishers and fishing boats registration system Establishment of coastal law enforcement units - both at municipal (MCLET) and MPA level (SET)
Future EBM directionsFuture EBM directions
Panglao Island
Boh ol
Stra it
Canigao Channel
Fishing frequency of Danish seine in 2004
Key governance challengeKey governance challenge
Fishing frequency of Danish seine in 2006