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DOCUMENT RESUME

ED 353 812 FL 020 889

TITLE Moroccan Arabic Textbook. Student Edition.INSTITUTION Peace Corps, Rabat (Morocco).PUB DATE [92]

NOTE 201p.

PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Use Instructional Materials (ForLearner) (051)

EDRS PRICE MF01/PC09 Plus Postage.DESCRIPTORS Alphabets; *Arabic; Classroom Communication;

Competency Based Education; Cultural Context; *DailyLiving Skills; Dialogs (Language); Family Life; Food;Foreign Countries; Government (Administrative Body);*Grammar; Idioms; Independent Study; *InterculturalCommunication; Job Skills; Monetary Systems; NonRoman Scripts; Phonology; *Pronunciation; Proverbs;Public Agencies; Regional Dialects; SocioculturalPatterns; Transportation; Uncommonly TaughtLanguages; Vocabulary Development; VolunteerTraining

IDENTIFIERS *Arabic (Moroccan); *Morocco; Peace Corps

ABSTRACTThe textbook is designed for Peace Corps volunteers

learning the variety of Arabic mostly widely spoken in Morocco. Itcontains 10 lessons, each consisting of a dialogue, vocabulary list,grammar notes, a popular proverb, and supplementary dialogue and/oridiomatic and socially correct expressions. Dialogue topics includeintroductions and personal identification, restaurant eating, generalcommunication, transportation, the postal system, shopping, andconversation about the Peace Corps. The Arabic alphabet is usedthroughout, with notes on Moroccan variations provided. Appendedmaterials include translations of the dialogues and specialvocabulary lists. (MSE)

***********************************************************************

Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be madefrom the original document.

***********************************************************************

PEACE CORPS MOROCCOMOROCCAN ARABIC TEXTBCCK

STUDENT EDITION -A- RhgliT M9ROCC 118C

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONOffice of Educabonal R march and Improvement

EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATIONCENTER (ERIC)

&This document has been reproduced asreceived from the person or organuat.onoriginating it

O Minor changes have peen made to improvereproduction Quality

Points of view or opinions staled in trim docu-ment do not necessarily represent officialOERI position or pokey

2

BEST COPY AVAILABLE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

- Table of Contents (i)

- Table of Illustrations 0 (vi)

- Note on the Alphabet (vii)

Introduction e (viii)

- Acknowledgements (xii)

Lesson 1 .. .. .. . .. . .. . 1

- Main Dialogue: TQr--..:,1 0-e--:,--0 'Where are you from?' 3

Vocabulary .. .. . .. .. .. .. 4

- Grammatical Notes .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 5

- Greetings .. .. .. 0 .. .. 13

Expressions of Thanks .. .. .. . D. 13

- Popular Proverb .. .. .. .. .. .. 100 14

- Supplementary Dialogue .. .. .. .. .. 14

Lesson 2 19

Main Dialogue: 4-1b-awl J 'In the Café' . 21

Voc-')ulary 22

- Grammatical Notes 23

Comprehension Text 31

- Writing Exercise 31

Popular Proverb 33

- Idiomatic and Social Etiquette Expressions 34

(i)3

Lesson 3 37

Main Text: q i-"21 'What did you do

yesterday?' ee oe es .. ee 39

Vocabulary 40

- Grammatical Notes .. .. .. .. .. .. 41

- Popular Proverb .. .. .. .. .. 46

- Idiomatic and Social Etiquette Expressions .. .. 47

Supplementary Dialogue . . .. .. .. .. 48

Lesson 4 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 51

- Main dialogue: 01.,--r...-S-11 -5 El..)-:1il j

'At the Bus Station' .. .. .. .. .. .. 53,

Vocabulary 54

- Grammatical Notes 55

Popular Proverb 63

- Idiomatic and Social Etiquette Expressions 63

Supplementary Dialogue 64

Lesson 5 69

- Main Dialogue:Q,,,LWI J,_.0 J....:o...0 'At the Hanout' .. 71

Vocabulary 72

- Grammatical Notes .. .e e. ee oe e. oe 73

- Popular Proverb .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 79


Supplementary Dialogue .. .. .. .. .. .. 83

Lesson 6

- Main Dialogue 4.3 41b1-4

'Mark at the Post Office'

- Vocabulary

- Grammatical Notes

87

89

90

91

Popular Proverb 103

Idiomatic and Social Etiquette Expressions 103

Supplementary Dialogue 104

Lesson 7 107

- Main Dialogue

109'Sam and Jean at the Restaurant'

- Vocabulary 110

- Grammatical Notes .. .. .. .. .. .. 111

- Popular Proverb .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 121


Supplementary Text .. . .. .. .. .. 122

Lesson 8 127

- Main Dialogue ..

129

_,L.L.,;-.1I

'At the Greengrocer's' .. a

- Vocabulary .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 130

Grammatical Notes .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 131

- Popular Proverb .. .. .. .. .. 139


- Supplementary Dialogue .. .. .. 140

5

Lesson 9

- Main Dialogue.. JI Y.'

'At the Real Estate Agent's'

- Vocabulary

Grammatical Notes ..

- Popular Proverb

- Idiomatic and Social Etiquette Expressions

- Supplementary Dialogue ..

Lesson 10 ..

- Main Dialogue: T

'Do you know Peace Corps?'

- Vocabulary ..

Grammatical Notes

- Popular Proverb

. .

- Idiomatic and Social Etiquette Expressions

- A Riddle

Appendix A

Translations of dialogues - lessons 1 - 5

Appendix B (Lists of special vocabulary)

- Family .

- Clothes

- Vegetables

- Fruit

- Spices .

(iv) 6

143

145

146

147

151

.. 151

153

157

159

160

. . 161

165

. 165

166

169

179

181

182

184

185

186

- Houseware . .. .. .. .. .. . 187

- Some parts of the body .. .. .. .. 40 .. 189

Professions .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 191

- Lycee terminology .. .. .. .. .. .. 193

- The Moroccan Administration .. .. .. .. .. 196

- Some verbs .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 198

(v)

7

TABLE OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Lesson Page Illustration

Lesson 1 2 Cartoon of dialogue

15 Cartoon of supplementary dialogue

16 Map of U.S.A.

Lesson 2 20 In the Café

32 Clocks

Lesson 3 38 Past tense (cartoon)

Lesson 4 52 Bus Station

64 Map for directions

65 Map of Moroccan train system

Lesson 5 70 Store

80 Money

82 Bargaining cartoon

Lesson 6 88 Notice to collect package

99 Salon

104 Notice to collect registered letter

Lesson 7 108 Restaurant

Lesson 8 128 Greengrocer

133 Things we like

137 Comparatives (fruit)

Lesson 9 144 Exterior of house

152 Floor plan

153 Utility receipt

Lesson 10 158 Peace Corps

(vi)

NOTE ON THE ALPHABET

The following letters have been added to the

Standard Arabic Alphabet to represent sounds in

borrowed words such as 'video' and 'garage'.

"video"

"garage"

Since Moroccan Arabic has both E

sounds, the last two letters have been used to

represent the sound 'g' found in many Moroccan

Arabic words.

3

ei-e->)-J1

INTRODUCTION

This textbook is the result of nearly two years of

research and field testing. We feel that in its present

form it will meet most of the needs of non-native speaker

students. In the course of preparation, each lesson/unit

was field tested in class and then revised in the light

of comments made by students, language instructors and

others involved in the field of language teaching and

learning. We have aimed to make the course as practical

and as simple as possible. For the sake of clarity we

have avoided the use of technical terms in the different

sections of the course.

The Moroccan Arabic dialect used in this textbook is

that spoken in the geographical linguistic triangle whose

points are Rabat, Casablanca and Fes. This is the dialect

which is most widely spoken and understood throughout

Morocco. Those students who will be living in other areas

of the country will realize that there are variations in

pronunciation and vocabulary specific to their regions, e.g.

1. Pronunciation variation

a. Casablanca-Rabat-Fes dialect

1.1.1LA /hakda/ "like this"

b. Northern dialect (Tangiers)

/hayda/ "like this"

2. Word variation

a. Casablanca-Rabat-Fes dialect.

/khizzu/ "carrots"

b. Eastern dialect (Oujda)

371.3.1.4) /zrudiyya/ " carrots"

There are, also, some variations which are not related to

geographical factors. Indeed, some speakers will say 41.1..,

and others will say for 'bank'.

(viii)10

Since Moroccan Arabic is not officially considered

to be a language in its own right and has no official

written form, we have had to devise a writing system

based on Standard Arabic. As far as possible, we have

kept closely to Standard Arabic spelling. This may seem

somewhat confusing to the learner during the early stages

but we believe that it will benefit the student who

chooses to study Standard Arabic. You should not,

therefore, be surprised to find that:

1. some letters are written but not pronounced, e.g.

- drink (pl.)!

We (pl.) drink.

- You (pl.) drank.

(The I 'alif ' here indicates the plural.)

2. or written one way and pronounced differently, e.g.

a. He has /andil/

b. his house /darn/ a.) I

in a. the letter a indicates third person masculine

singular and in b. it is a possessive pronoun.

It should be emphasized that all loan words used in the

text are fully nativized and are considered by native

speakers as Moroccan Arabic words to the extent that some

uneducated speakers are totally unaware that they are

borrowed from French or any other language. Sometimes,

these words do not undergo any change whatsoever as in the

case of:

PCV 'collect phone call'

I made a coil-eat phone call.

- Menu 'menu'

Here is the menu.

.PCV

.Menu

Ii

Most of the lessons/units in the book start with dialogues

rather than texts because the aim of the course is to help

the language learner to achieve competence in the spoken

language and the only natural way to attain this fluency is

by using dialogues which allow for both linguistic and

cultural interaction. It must be pointed out that dialogues

also carry a lot of cultural information that would not be

found in a text. These dialogues have been carefully devised

to represent different aspects of daily interaction within

Moroccan society and the order in which they occur is related

to the pace of the learner in internalizing the target

language, i.e. Moroccan Arabic in this case.

Besides the dialogues, the lesson/units include vocabulary,

grammatical notes made as simple as possible, popular proverbs

and social and idiomatic expressions with explanations on how

and when they are to be used, plus a supplementary dialogue

whichis often a summary used to consolidate certain aspects

of the lesson/unit. The inclusion of popular proverbs and

social and idiomatic expressions is justified by the fact that

it is believed that learning a language is not enough to

understand Morocco and Moroccans. The student should learn

how to behave linguistically and what to say in certain

specific cultural situations.

At the end of the textbook, the student will find two

appendices:

- Appendix A carries translations of the dialogues up to

lesson/unit 5. The last five have not been translated

because we believe that by the time the student has

reached that point, he should be able to do the trans-

lation by himself. These dialogues are kept separate

from the lessons so that students will not be tempted

to look for a translation immediately after discovering

the Arabic text.

Appendix B comprises lists of words deemed of vital

importance in everyday life.

Students will realize that, contrary to the custom

followed in most schools and textbooks, the past tense is

introduced before the present. The reason for such a

decision is simple; in general, learners use the past tense

more often than the present. The scope of use of the

present tense is usually limited to general truths and

habitual actions and it so happens that learners want to

talk about their experiences or what they have done or

what happened to them and they can only do that by using

the past tense.

Finally, it must be said that this textbook has been

devised with the utmost care and sensitivity (both

linguistic and cultural) in mind. We hope it will meet

many of the needs of students in their aim to build

cultural and linguistic bridges to cross to the other side

in order to understand and communicate with others. Before

language was written, it was spoken, so as Shakespeare says:

'Speak the speech, I pray you, as I pronounc'd it to you,

trippingly on the tongue.' (Hamlet, Act III, Sc. II)

Mohamed Chtatou, Ph.D.September 5th, 1986Rabat, Morocco.

'xi)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This Peace Corps Moroccan Arabic textbook is the

revised version of an earlier book developed by Mohamed

Chtatou and Aboubker Ouassaddine.

It is the result of many months of careful adaptation

and revision undertaken by a dedicated team of Moroccan

language teachers and Peace Corps Volunteers:

Nor-eddine Belabid, Inspector of English,Ministry of Education, Fes;

Mohamed Chtatou, Ph.D., Linguist, Rabat;

Amina Fahim, Peace Corps Arabic Instructor,Casablanca;

Mohamed Najmi, Researcher and ArabicInstructor, Taroudant;

Mohamed Rddad, Teacher of English, Midelt;

Mohamed Zaim, B.A. in Law turned ArabicInstructor, Azemmour;

PCV Gregory Acher, English Teacher, Ouezzane;

PCV Carl Keener, Visual Arts Specialist,Ministry of Health, Rabat;

We thank the following PCVs for preparing the illustrations

and maps, Carl Keener and Patricia McGuire, English Teacher,

Tiznit.

Calligraphy by Rachid El Arabi, PC Morocco Librarian,

and PCV William Griffin, English Teacher, Marrakech,

Typing was done by Naima Benmellah, Badia Liagoubi and

Sally Lockhart.

Finally, our thanks to all the Peace Corps trainees and

language instructors, too numerous to name, who field tested

the book throughout all stages of its preparation.

Stephanie Sweet,PC Morocco Training Officer

14

LESSON

1

1

e

"...med=iJ'bi3:1

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i, 0, e. IArk Alit kwers*".4

ivAmbh

3 3

.r.Illm.2:11--alEllablisf...t- 1

m ' Ke-Y-0 00-i-..-nu466411./it_

ir

"._AO

Ij.

Ada',t9v -F4-ivai ?tt-"11,11.0

04'.

V"ial

_ravit` AS as!

AIL

r4 ".... Jr..M71....-

I 1

7,._._I

RI -lfairidi

TA A,

Is

sit 11111111111111

Lesson 1

ugo

r I G 101L4.6.11

,411.___Ji r- s .: tz1,1.a

je-o-AI j 4-11 I 5.1-6-.%_JI u. Y ; Jj1.,e

S' L.; j I of I j 4.1.1 I 11.1.)1,--,, u ICY

d.)1-..o

4,?-1.1---C-m,.)-0 I 11 t.:1)r

Ly411.1 0-4

,

ut I

1.43

e.ta I 4L,V....kt 4)11:1

,..polmo C..74 ...;fArm

21.) 5 01,11 j t.dj

1 j r tL1' j 1--a v.-4-w, I ;

cre.

saU I 0.1

..)41...1011

Lesson 1

I. VOCABULARY

- man/men

woman/women

- boy(s) - son(s)

- girl(s) daughter(s)

- house (s)

name(s) - noun(s)

- watch(es)

- Sir Mister

- Mister

Madam Mrs.

- Morocco

- America

- Spain

- Italy

- England

- France

Tunisia

Casablanca

- Marrakech

- Rabat

- Fes

Taza

- Moroccan

- country(ies)

- city(ies) town(s)

- 4 -

-

jjea jia _

I J.-4o 1P

01 I t, fl

I I

13

( )

Lesson 1

Exercise

Draw arrows from country to nationality:

44L

_ 15.)LZ,

II. GRAMMATICAL NOTES

1. Verbs

The imperative of the verbs:

"to stand up; to get up", L-1% "to come",

"to go", te--11?:: "to sit down",

"to repeat".

Lc

Lesson 1

stand up!

come!

go!

- sit down!

- repeat!

2. Adjectives

plural

I T

t

fem.sing.

SJL-e

mas.sing,

4.0J-L

Descriptive adjectives form their plurals either by:

a. adding C..).-Te to the word to form masculine plurals,

or 4:01 to form feminine plurals in the case of

regular adjectives:

- beautifuZ ;:.

fem.pl. fem. sing.

good L-L

happy

OR by:

mas.pl.

b. changing the internal structure of the word in the

case of irregular adjectives:

oZd

- big

fem.sing. mas.sing.

Examples

Lesson 1

3. Pronouns

a. Independent pronouns

I

you (masculine)

you (feminine)

he

she

we

you (plural)

they

7

I ,v-- 0.3

C)--.7!-, a 9 C.39?*3

Li

C.

Lesson 1

b. Suffixed pronouns .

my house

your house

his house

her house

our house

your (pl) house

their house

c. Demonstrative pronouns

This is a man.

This is a woman.

These are boys.

(4.)I

,2J eL, I J

a a.) I J

I--1a, i J

13S X5,1 J

14-41) legib-) I "/

Note the absence of the article in the noun

that follows the pronoun in question.

d. Interrogative pronouns (also referred

to as interrogative adverbs)

where ...?

- where from ...?

what ...?

- who ...?

Examples

Where's Taza?

Where are you from?

What's this?

3..) 0if

LoZ1 T I ..11--gb T

Who's Mark?

Who's this man?

4. Question words

Lesson 1

w19 is a word that introduces a question. It can

mean "are you?", "is she?", "is ...?" etc., but also

"(4.0 you?", "does he?", "did we?", "have we?", etc.

(cf. following lessons).

Are you happy?

Is she beautiful?

5. Adverbs of

a. quantity

I

a Zot, very _

a little, a few _

b. affirmation

yes a_41

c. negation

no 1 1

6. Conjunctions

and 9

or Yj

Lesson 1

7. Prepositions

- in -

from 1>mA

8. The definite article: THE

a. The definite article is JI and it comes in front of

nouns and adjectives equally:

- The small house

is my house

b. The "moon letters" are:

0_4__9_ a_

The article j is pronounced fully in front of nouns

and adjectives beginning with these letters:

- a boy

the boy

- a girl

the girl

big

the big

c. The "sun letters" are:

S II

-

CJ " (.0 ""' LP LA c.r ) .3 E Q'

The article .11 is not pronounced before nouns and

adjectives beginning with these letters. Instead,

the sun letters get doubled (geminated) although

..11 is written.

24- 10 -

Lesson 1

- a house .. JIJ

the house

a man 61-4; -

the man

small J....A...A.4 -

the small J 1 "

9. Gender

Nouns are either masculine (mas.) or feminine (fern.).

In general, the feminine is formed from the masculine

(participles or nouns indicating professions) by

adding the suffix 15 which is pronounced as a, e.g.:

- male teacher

female teacher

Some words without 2 are nonetheless feminine:

1...:1.da I

1m

a. words and proper names which are by their nature

feminine:

mother

- sister

Amal (girl's name)

b. most (though not all) parts of the body which occur

in pairs, e.g.:

an eye

a hand

- a foot

an ear

11

1-7,74. e.)

Lesson 1

c. words that are feminine by usage, e.g.:

- the house

- the earth, the ground

- the sun

10. Cardinal numbers

Only the numeral 4-3 j ong" has a feminine form

any The rest do not change:

- one (fem.) (ma s.) j

two (t.90)

three

- four

five

six o n.

seven -

eight

- nine

ten

utt -Bip.eleven

tweZve

11. Telling time

What time is it? LSJi.-.J6 / T j

? j

- It is 1 o'clock. . 0.3.te

It is 2 o'clock.

- It is 3 o'clock. . LzdL.L.-11 "

It is 4 o'clock.

It is 5 o'clock.

- It is 6 o'clock.

It is 7 o'clock.

It is 8 o'clock.

It is 9 o'clock.

It is 10 o'clock.

It is 11 o'clock.

It is 12 o'clock.

III. GREETINGS

Peace be upon you.

And also upon you. (reply)

Lesson 1

n II

II

0 II

Jai

. 1; it

.).LiaJ

11......11 P <

How are you? _

Fine. u t.....,

How are you? ? (3) I J

How are you? (4)

How are you? (plural)

Good morning.

Good afternoon, good evening.

Goodbye.

c?-s

IV. EXPRESSIONS OF THANKS, ETC.

Thank you 1.)-5-.2 _

'Thank you very much. 11-At.>-?' -

Thank you. .

- 13 - r"--14

Lesson 1

You're welcome.

Praise to God.

Please.

- Welcome.

- Nice to meet you.

V. POPULAR PROVERB

Good morning 0 my neighbor,

you are at your house and

I am at mine.

11--e

. A_JJ I

al

I j uJ I I

t)1.3

Meaning: As long as each one of us keeps to his house

and business, everything will be fine.

VI. SUPPLEMENTARY DIALOGUE

..)...e....?611 1V12

j 0-4 L_. I ;

,s1 .1 A . 01;_.5 1:3"'"4 I 1,

I j 1...0-1

- II a L_rb co.SAt

.1-;

ti /

4--U I al.)

71-011.-..-1L... I ..).9-1

..-

fictivvrlaystureir ////m. N.; .2. _It

/111MINE..

111111.--

111/11.,._

linrcrerr*c-4.

1111b.

6 O'=11--

agggiaNtrr.-

/.111_____g ////

a ma.

OlIel/III,PIA

..;".w my //WI/ amy m. .111dwo

as orePAIWAlle/I

dr r

n-t,t71.ra

OE ,1

Lesson 1

ADDITIONAL NOTES AND VOCABULARY

Lesson 1

33

- 18 -

LESSON

2

- 19 -

Lesson 2

. v.4416.0-13

S' I

uvLS J -Lw1*-0-13

L5 I

.3...) 1....,o CL,....41!...11 I J ..)....... * 4....4.9....?..3

.a j_.a.. .?......t 1 , .: ;, a,', 1 j 1LJT 1_.: 1 j ; cu-4,j L-5

.... L...:,_gb ,:,1.....0.... ,....:. j--S le ..,---L-9--e co-..j L-S

.1211-S.4.-11 r, ,z,I 4_1_0,-11 J c_.9.-.? (.....:.-,--1 c...-. i L-.; 1 j % ,,--.1.3-.?.3

C1......4.....il a Li 1 3--, ,;. I___:, J....:4--C i.3 , di L......i...0 L.,,,..1 4 CrS..i.i

!.Lab Lab k-÷-1--ll L j

J--S

4.11---n...) / 16-1-3

47_0_11 4.1.3-e a:: 1 j

.1 I 41

Lesson 2

I. VOCABULARY

- waiter

- table (s)

chair (s)

glass(es) 1--5

cake(s),-pastry(ies), cookies S9 -

juice -

- oranges

- bananas u11 -- apples -

sugar

- piece (s)t.-b '-12 -

- coffee (s) , cafe (s)4.9

milk_

-- tea

- mint

water

beer-

Coke

time

- money

- Dirham (s)10-seijJ -

Ryal (five centimes - popularMoroccan currency)

- change

37

- 22 -

door(s)

- OK

- of course

- slowly

- quick, quickly

but

- available

- Moroccans

- Americans

English

- French

- Italians

Spanish

mas.pl.

k)....1 / .

1.11

Lesson 2

-


1. a. Conjugation of the verb crIL-1, "to want"

Note that this verb uses the past tense form

but has present tense meaning:

I want

you want

he wants

she wants

we want

you want

they want

vJ- 23 -

Lesson 2

b. + noun

Examples:

a 1.Zi

c. Exercises

1. Make sentences:

S t....7; I

l II J zya

44:0 4:0

0....L.11

1 j: 19

1 11

1.1t-s-2-11

39

24

2. Write the answers:

a.

b.

Lesson 2

c

d .

S.e.

2. Conjugation of "to have" in the present tense

a. affirmative

I have

you have

he has

she has

we have

you have

they have

b. negative: to form the negative, use Liz

I do not have L.4

you do not have .1---c L.4

he does not have

she does not have

we do not nave L-4

you do not have K' a, 1-4

they do not have

- 25

Lesson 2

Examples

i v) ; A.. JI 1-11 ji 6:3a ....a 0'11_9

. 2-1.3L....e Le '

441s-

L-L ftS vt I j

j (3--te jC., j)--.3 I

3. c..0.5 means both "there is" and "is to be found"

depending on the context

a. affirmative

there is (mas.sing.)

there is (fem.sing.)

there are

b. negative

there is not (mas.sing.)

there is not (fem.sing.)

there are not A

Examples

There is milk on the table

Mohamed is to be found j a.11

in the house.

4126

Lesson 2

There are not any .chairs -' LSL-4

in the house. j1 a-11 1.i

Tom is not to be found f

in the café.

4. Interrogative adverbs

How many/how much ...? T... a

How many ...? 1 0 cp_ma

The interrogative adverb a JL-1.-4 is followed by:

uncountable definite noun, e.g.:

How much butter do

you want?

countable definite plural, e.g.:

How many children do

you have?

The interrogative adverb 0-4 J LaLs,

indefinite singular, e.g.:

How many books did you

read?

is followed by

vLI

5. Conjugation of possessive pronouns

mine 1__! a

yours WLJ 1.1 a

his 01.-1 1__: a

hers L.16-J1--p3

ours

4227

Lesson 2

yours (plural)

theirs

whose ...?

Examples

C cj.41

1.*9-1 J = et_s_31

..

toib.1L...r.5 02 l j

6. Adjectives

a. Descriptive adjectives

regular

fem.pl. mas.pl. fem.sing. mas.sing.

ugly/bad

tired L;e

- irregular

pl. fem.sing. massing.

small

new JTJ?.

- 28 -

Lesson 2

b. Demonstrative adjectives (also referred to as

demonstrative articles)

.31---gb "this" is used invariably with masculine and

feminine words in the singular as shown below:

this man ...

this woman ...

This man is happy.

This house is nice.

This watch is good.

This city is big.

7. Prepositions

.31_4

1 .31_4

L.) L_Rs

. 1 .3-1i tlb

1.-5--e-J1 aLab

. a Lab

- with Cnot for people, for things only)

Coffee with milk.

- on -

The glass is on the table.

under

The beer is under the table...U-40-0

of

A glass of water.

uo_s_11

8. Negative form

a. use v-Z1-4 with nouns and adjectives:

- I am not French.

- This coffee is not good.

- 29 -

49 4?-:, L-4 -

4r-.2..3 L-0 -

-

4 4

Lesson 2

b. use ut...-LA with verbs:

We don't have time. 1,6,

9. Cardinal numbers

- thirteen

- fourteen

fifteen" w

0 4.

- sixteen-

seventeen utt

- eighteen

- nineteen

twenty

twenty one

twenty two j / j

twenty three

- twenty four

twenty five

twenty six

twenty seven

twenty eight

- twenty nine

thirty

thirty one

- thirty two

- 30 - 4 5

jjj

4:...0Zt

)

Lesson 2

III. COMPREHENSION TEXT

4.) I .1 j 1..! j..te (r7-1.-.5._..1.)-4 J.-b

I I 43.%--1.9 4.) I J

e I j j 1.2g ct,.?1

Comprehension questions:

IV. WRITING EXERCISE

1. Write the answers:

6:1.-Z43...ro j..:4 ailwe I

J

tmi 0". I j

(

_TP

0

2. Write as many corre_t sentences as you can.e.g.

441--L--e

3 j-aumm_ii

J

1 J L-ilb..)--d-5

_7:i....0

bCry: 1.."0-0 J?'.;

..)

0...m.....:, 1..... k::. Y L-....c

. L.J....)h 1...:,_e4L-4

0 1...... J.1,1-..e

k::,1--n6...,,±e k:1, L.-:......., I j J L.m

:0.9-.) L...5

V. POPULAR PROVERB

The servant of men

is their master.

Lesson 2

f 1 i>

Meaning: By serving people you are proving your generosity

and nobility and therefore you are superior to

them, not inferior.

Lesson 2

VI. IDIOMATIC AND SOCIAL ETIQUETTE EXPRESSIONS

1.0- I do not have much time.

At your service.

(Very polite; it means "on

I

-head -and- eyes ". I will do

whatever you want me to do

even if I have to use

literally my head and my

eyes to do it.)

What would you like? T

(Very polite)

- Watch out! Jt J....A..0

Watch out for the car! .1--.1'"I'.."4_9--1D-11 11 I

Move aside!

Clear the way! 6d..)-1:1-JI 41)1..:7

May God protect you.

(In slang, it is used to

mean you are great, you

have done a good job.)

May God help you!

(3.-5 o-U I

_

Lesson 2


LESSON

3

-37- 51

I

re I

N7\ // \r, 4 /-./

Auk 4,&

"%.

AP

m

.40(fAI,e..C.=S: \ 10,6 ,ziti it&--

AOA Cgft

ivolk .,

ista mg..........-

j

IW

j 6r,

J

Comprehension questions

j.-ft-at

Lesson 3

II

61$

j I J

Lesson 3

I. VOCABULARY

- today

- yesterday

Ineek(s)

month(s)

- year(s)

morning

evening

-

tr.

Days of the week 5) t r

Sunday

- Monday

- Cuesday

Wednesday .Thursday

- Friday

Saturday -

- day(s)

- day

- when ...?

- bread

butter

- a/an - some

someone

- sarething

(21 I

S.

j

54- 40 -

Lesson 3


1. Verbs

a. The imperative of the verbs:

) "to talk", j1.3 "to do; to make",

"to come back; to return", 0,,A2% "to sleep", c")._.;.

"to leave; to go out", "to drink", 11-5

"to eat", "to write" and L0-.5 "to be".

Plural Feminine

...9.-43-5

Masculine

00....11

b. Past: Regular verbs conjugate in the past as

shown below:

v.: I

I I JL?...)i

I j

- 41 - 55

Lesson 3

and verbs: "to sleep", "to talk",

"to come back; to return", - "to drink",

and "to travel" are regular and conjugate

as shown above.

c. (i) Irregular verbs - type 1

Verbs with the long vowel "I" in the middle,

such as "to get up; to stand up", ..)1.1

"to do; to make", "to see" and ot_s "to be"

conjugate in the past by sometimes dropping the

"I" and adding the endings given above for

regular verbs:

c.,t_S ..)ia 1..0.--:. ut*, I__:.,

..) I J

C....-4L

0 I-5 j L-4: ub t..:,

V..1.--:. I-5 t.::...) I a Q.-6 1...-:, Q.-4) (-...:+

1_9_,I ..)I.9-' IS I ..9.."9 L....1 I ...9,a t..:,

(ii) Irregular verbs type 2

Verbs with the Long vowel "I" or "Ls" at the

end such as 1LS "to eat",u_,L.J, "to go", con-

jugate in the past by sometimes changing the

Long vowel into "-%." and adding the ending

given above for regular verbs.

- 42 -56

A

Lesson 3

11-5

NLS

!= ±. A I j *,

2. Calendar words

a. e9--,1 "day": The calendar word 10_9-7., "day" changes

form (sing., pl.) according to the number that

precedes it:

2 - -

43

Lesson 3

iv. from 11 to 19, add the cardinal number to

e .g. ej...e j ja...L.> "11 days".

v. from 20 to 100, add the cardinal number to lo.p.!

e.g. j "22 days".

v1.- over 100, apply rules 1. toy...

b. "week": the calendar word changes


precedes it:

2 / o - iI u s9-.?

iii. 3 to 10 J

j lizyz "3 weeks".

iv. 11 to 19 ... j L-4is

e .g.

v. 20 to 100 ...

e .g. "20 weeks".

vi. over 100, apply rules i. to v.

c. a "month": the calendar word changes


precedes it:

iii. 3 to 10 ... ,9cht

The cardinal numbers before ..A.9.-A-4 are the

same as elel "days" as in a.iii. above.

e.g.

4453

"3 years".

Lesson 3

iv. 11 to 19 j

e.g. " J vtu-L...12 "12 months"

v. 20 to 100 ...

e.g. "30 months"

Ni, over 1_00,_r_ules i._ to v. apply.

d. PL---4 "year": the calendar word 101._.c. changes


precedes it:

iii. 3 to 10 ...

The cardinal numbers before are the

same as fat-..,,t "days" as in a.iii. above.

e.g.

iv. 11 to

e.g.

19 ... Pty

J

v. 20 to

e.g.

100 ...

vi. over 100, apply

J...

"3 years"

"11 years"

"20 years"

rules i. to v.

3. Use of Calendar Words

a. .21....A_L "day": days of the week are always preceded

e.g. Monday

J

1 j t e - < - 5 11 4- - 1 5

- 45 -53

Lesson 3

b. _iit "last": when usingQ,L..1 4,J11 "last"

with days of the week, drop ,t N and add crall

after the day:

e.g. Last Monday cA.-i

. I

4. Adverbs

Adverbs of time

L; "6,9-1"when" is an adverb of time used only

for questions:

e.g. When did you go home? TdJ,Jia j ott.4,_11

To answer, use J before the time:

e.g. I went in the afternoon. j

I went in the morning. ct......AJi 4.; ^

We went to Fes at 2:00.c_9_?Ji J j

In addition to , the following adverbs of

time are also used: _ which

are local variations ofS,L.4.9....6.

III. POPULAR PROVERB

What's done is done. 0-11 I

IV. IDIOMATIC AND SOCIAL ETIQUETTE EXPRESSIONS

May God make him/her a

good person.

(It is used to compliment

a child to his/her parents;

other compliments must be

followed by t.1.0....41 n..JJI to

protect the child from the

evil eye.)

None of your business.

- Hurry up!

He's frivolous.

He has a long hand.

(He has connections; he's

powerful.)

He has a hole in his hand.

(He's very generous/he's a

spendthrift.)

- He's hard headed.

He has a white heart.

(He's kind-hearted.)

He has a black heart.

(He's cruel.)

- 47 -61

Lesson 3

STA

A

c.. I

Lesson 3

V. SUPPLEMENTARY DIALOGUE

,..,-.,:-21.-.e... i ..."--nd J t?....5

9 C.94-11 J ,) I a-J1 Cr-4

Le.,,,-. 41 .)-71.-.N-11 1..,...e

J.....46...a.-o y-...." 1 j.,...-7,--11 1 =6

? 0-- d 9. ,s__1J t .9.3....8_,.....11 ..)....,1-.4...e.,

I. 0.1_...__i 4-1J I 4., L.-.. , 0. 1-..., 1

c CJ i -_..11 v-L--e-L---0 4:)--m,--b

S ,j.` 1.-:6_9-.b

L.,.!...2--4JI j

: : . . . a . ) - a . . ! 7,-,1--:,........J1 j c., 1-..J1 oT

.9

,1:62,

c: ,..!-::. .--e-:,-* C.)-e-e.,9

1

T ( 1 . ... ti (:)=.4, ) ig,,.) cam--_--e 1

I Z A A . . ? " ) . . 1 . 9 . _ . , C . ) - 0 _, c , , ) , - 1 - - 1 1 2 j 1 1 - L . . . . . . . - - 1 1 wi,

..) 1 :LJ 1 J(

C.) L.m./......15 ..

ADDITIONAL NOTES AND. VOCABULARY

- 49 - G 3

Lesson 3

LESSON

4

- 5164

Lesson 4

235 , yr; cla5.1 7 9303450

730,3v, L,LL 8

ttoo goo L6,12., 9 ,,, , 5

s co ca...N) 10

Cels,2:0 s140111 II "'".5 .00

- 52 -65 BEST COPY AYAILA'[E

c1;-5..J1

Lesson 4

14'4.: le f L.o

14. I C j j I

di1 _.11...6. al.-5 I ."..;_e of; I:i o

J 4-6 I j j I

'AL . II J

. jo. y+ . 11 6.6 j--11 I I

je-111 J *i II 69

C J.-it jf--gb

j I j-JI J

.1.1 I L-:+, 19

I 4.J.11 %J..)

j I J..9-11

L-.o

C9

Lesson 4

I. VOCABULARY

garag( (s)

(Here it means bus station)

CTM

(Compagnie de Transport Marocaine)

- inter-city bus(es)

- cab(s)

(there are two kinds of taxis operating

in Morocco: -petit taxi- for urban

transport, and "grand taxi" for inter-

city transport)

1 jS 1 .7_5

Lb Lb

- leaf(ves), piece(s) of paper, ticket(s) jj_ji jj_

seat(s), place(s)

price(s)

- time(s)

- bag(s)

cjALJ1

,:j 1 < II o.1

- suitcase (s) I j--J 1 j....e.J1 Zs)

- driver(s)

- train(s) 1 J1 / 11 'A

04

- train station(s) 1 1-5-1

street (s) W.)J1

people

- bus (es)

plane(s)

- airport (s)

67

- 54 -

Lesson 4


1. Verbs

a. The imperative of the verbs:

"to excuse", "to turn", 06-0 "to give",

JI / jLi"to say; to tell", L).J "to read; to study"

and 453 "to carry

take" is as follows:

(from one place

pl.

to another);

fern.

to

mas.

excuse! 1J-0,46..... v...,.....0, c.....6.,

turn!I ..9.J.9-4' tF..1-$~-' J.9 -"6

give! 1_9-..e-6.......0 v-10.0 0-10-0

say! tell!1 .3-1_9- X15 j_,_

read! study!1-91..rj 41.)--j Lrj

carry! take!I...,--el 4:5 F:.1

b. Present

The present tense is only used for habitual actions.

E.g. I go to the café

in the afternoon.

i. Regular verbs

The following verbs are regular: s7_;. "to go out;

to leave", "to enter", Jay "to arrive",

"to travel" and they conjugate as follows:

55

Lesson 4

J-0,3

J-4_9z-5

=

j_1.0,_ I 17..a I

I I j.-.1_; azS

I9

j

I j

ii. Irregular verbs

The irregular verbs "to turn"

"to see" and otS "to be" conjugate in the

present tense as follows:

- 56

Lesson 4

0 L_S J L-t...)

l-.a

t.,__.:..."...S--S L?...-ii.....tz_S 0..)."--b-:-,- 5

us- S--y-5 sj _____ j j-,41-::.-5

ij-j < 5 1."--kj: '..-- :-5 I J.j j--.41;..*-5

1,...L.,.5....e....5 I jj ...1.....t....e-5 1 J.).)--,1-4.

The irregular verb jia "to do; to make" conjugates

in the present tense as shown in:

- 57 -

Lesson 4

The irregular verb J-S "to eat"

is conjugated thus:11S

I9 X15

Note: JIS is the regional variation ofNLS

and its conjugation in the present is

the same as above.

The irregular verbs L. "to go" and L.,-.11.-a

"to give" are conjugated inithe present as

follows:

crJa 0101X

oh 5

5

1.3 .1". A

- 58 -

1.9

2. Adjectives

a. Regular

- dirty

late

in a hurry

angry, touchy

b. Irregular

far

tall

3. Prepositions

fem.pl.

J

pl.

Lesson 4

fem.sing.

a IL .

mas.sing

fem.sing. mas.sing.

without11--e -

till, as far as n

with (accompaniment people)

to J _

To is conjugated as follows:

to me4?-1

to you WLJ

to him etJ

to her L-40-J

to us

to you (0-4-J

to themTh

- 59

Lesson 4

excuse (to) me

excuse (to) us

excuse (to) them

4. Adverbs

straight

Go straight!

to the right

Turn right!

to the left

Turn left!

always

I always drink coffee

without sugar.

every day

I get up at six

every day.

every Monday.

5. Pronouns

a. Interrogative pronouns

At whose house do

you stay in Rabat?

when?

When do you

go home?

I

u' .A...,16.... .r

Cr-4-J 61x

=

J 61-0 _49-6

Led I J

1_41_,,,J

-IL1Z 3_sJ

.

j_S

with whom?

With whom do you go

to the cinema?

who?

Who is he?

b. Demonstrative pronouns

Lesson 4

041 t6.4

.5 0_4

L=4:61011

The following demonstrative pronouns/adjectives

occur:

near

this (mas.)

this (fem.)

these

far

that (mas.) 01J = 01,31..10

that (fem.) = aLeJLJa

those = Lel jutt..ab

6 Gender

When the pronominal suffixes are added to feminine

nouns ending in -a, this '6 is pronounced, e.g.

my ticket, my piece of paper cr.:14)j =4 uj

your street L.)

his seat =

61

Lesson 4

7. Cardinal numbers

- 30

40

- 50

60

70

- 80

90

- 100

8. Ordinal numbers

the first

the second

the third

the fourth

the fifth

9. Telling time

fem.

a. the words 1_11,..ja "minute" and ate, "hour"

change form (sing., pl.) according to the

number that precedes them:

. 1 ... /

ii. 2 to 10 ... IJI j / + number

62

Lesson 4

i i i . 11 to 19 . .4 +. numbor

iv. 20 to 100 ... / A aj + number

v. over the number 100, the above rules i. to

iv. apply according to the last two digits.


- He who has not travelled,63.)--0 6P---?.

I 0--U1

would not know the value .

of men.

Meaning: He who has not travelled, does not know the world

around him.


Go away!

Safe journey!

This expression is used on

arrival of somebody after

a trip, or on his recovering

from an illness.

This is an extremely polite

reply to the above.

Take care of yourself.

Mind your own business.

I.

Z-41L-...--11 j-to -

. 1st a_ut

Lesson

PINaUiediffAitrtejarA4


.) J it

revd/./!/fit!,)

vierYleiti

Vy9 11/W2?_:_mramsom00041111170,,g4v, iVedig.0

I 11 j

J

1411-40.-11 P < I

(1.1

a) .

jj.e. PaU I

1..1....,..1)

. t--

r It

. 4-1J 1

.A1.

21.1

I

LIJ

Jc:

).)7

1_;5

(:;

J1-h

i-o<

Fa,.

cy.p

(5:_

_10)

011

4.O

FF

ICE

NA

TIO

NA

L D

ES

CH

EM

INS

DE

FE

R

787:

3

Lesson 4


66

LESSON

5

- 69 -

_

1r-

immgp,-i::; IA nit LIREIM( I l'Irfi 4' t IT 'II(ROTC 1: efi,),MaSita. tl;),11741747i I.

VA,AEL41141 ....../h).,F, 141

L.M RER..

r,.., JD

auti fi en.wrigli.

A R It ictg, 'Ile

tz.

Lesson 5

ja_J1

0 1

mj--.? J I--a-c

0--7..-e,r-12

4sj-:,.1 1 j r SLA t,-5 Lab

19

Q1,1_, I ... II o'.`. e 5L.-43

11 Jt._..)

I SU

J

E

Lab y .J J

v.--b Leo r 1-0j.)-o-11 LJL j

J L4T

($.1-.1- I yr.', Leo

iI j-...5-11J1--1 - -74 43

4.1-5 J1 j1 1-6

4...0 I 31J1 JJ L.-,1 J bya -11 Lae

C.3

Lesson 5

I. VOCABULARY

newspaper(s) -magazine (s) aS-1-?-L -

map(s)

- day(s)

night(s)

pencil (s) /

pen(s) . I

notebook(s) 5 _

light(s), electricity

shop (s) -

can(s) al L-5-.2.

package(s) -

kind(s), brand(s) L. L.L__.2

thing(s)

However, the word _!Ij_ also means clothes.

bread

- carton of milk

cheese

soda

yogurt Danone

- owner of

cigarette(s)

matches

lighter(s)

(pl.) c.h413. (fem.sing.)

- 72 -

i II J j L_5

EL_AJJ-11

1.5t_zj-.4

Co)1JJ1

.=

(was. sing . )

:/ - j LS-11

84

I

Lesson 5

- change _

deposit _

tobacco shop 1-5L411 _

tomorrow t3_2 _

middle -

in the middle of _

downtown _

the coming -


1. Verbs

a. the regular verbs "to count" J-0-4,- "to Zight;

to ignite", pai, "to work", "to write" and

"to haggle" are conjugated in the different

tenses as shown below:

i. Imperative

count!

light! ignite!

work!

- write!

- haggle!

pl. fem.

I

mas.

Pa'

ii. for conjugation of the above verbs in past and

present tenses, see model given in the previous

lessons.

- 73 -

Lesson 5

iii. Future

j

I j

J ksj

o.Jl-6 / SJLs

I will count

you will count Cmas.:

you will count (fem.) 4.) 1-.6 / L5.)

he will count

she will count 4J L-6

we will count 4.31_4

you will count 1 1-4 / 4.3 L-6

they will count

To form the future tense, take the present tense

form, drop the prefix5 , and addLs.3ti, which can

either stay the same or change in gender and

number.

b. the irregular verbs e--, "to seZZ", 01-Silt° be",

and UJL "to buy" are conjugated in the following

manner:

74 -

I buy

i. Imperative

ii. Present

pl.

Lesson 5

fem. mas.

ts.)-4%

I (usually) am < c I sell

you buy Sys you

you buy you n

he buys SAS he

she buys Ls...4_z_s she

we buy 6 We

you you

they buylj,..) 5 they n

iii. Past

are s you sell

are < c you sell° 5

is c.,J_S__:1_S he sells

is she sells

are' .j < c we sell. c

arel < c you seZZ 1.) . c

arelj,..;j_s_e_s they sell

I bought a......1j_4 I was ,: % S I sold

you bought y-L....1j_L you were oL.,5 you sold

he bought he he was ot.._s he sold

she bought ,:.1 J.-- .' she was ,z,._LI__s she sold

we bought t..........,_j_.4. we were t 1. c we sold

you bought I,9___,_..7e you were Ids you sold

they b)ught iii.x...4 they were 1_9_:a_s they sold

E

Lesson 5

iv. Future

I will buy

you will buy

you will buy

he will buy 4J4-,e

she will buy

we will buy 1_9ej4.L

you will buy

they will b:i.y1j.e..A.1

tsJL..4

tsJ

(sJ

LsJ

J

LsJ L.1

LsJ

I will be 0 a

you will be 0J_S_L

you

he will be 0JS,

she will be 0J-5-z,

we will be

you will

they will be 1_,L95m,

c. Verbs in the negative form

a

I will sell

you will seZZ

you will sell (re.,

he will seZZ

she will seZZ

we will sell

you will sell

they will cell

Verbs in the present and the past are made negative

like this:

To make

Li + conjugated verb +

verbs in the future negative, add

to , e.g.

2. Adjectives

a. Regular

expensive

fresh

other

- raiz:able,

clean

L Lo

reasonable

- 76 -

pl. fem.

L5J

L5J

LsJ

L5J

LsJ

csJ L.-i

u. Irregular

pl.

near

short

3. Interrogative pronouns

who from?

fern.

Lesson 5

m a s .

Who do you buy L_S_JI Ls," 0-3 cr_.3

cigarettes from?

which?

Which soda do

you drink?

4. Prepositions

-

from -

I buy mint from

the mint seller. Jj_.

between

The post office is

situated between

the bank and the

movie-theater.

5. Pronouns

everything

Everything is fine.

C r,(1.)

- 77 -

Lesson 5

some

I want some yogurt.

(I want some Danone.)

6. Adverbs

enough, that's aZZ

7. Cardinal numbers

- 100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000 jL_IT _

8. Structures

a. In a given structure the direct object can be

dropped and replaced by a pronominal ending:

- AZi drank coffee. 4.4._L-11

ATI drank it.

- 78 -011

Lesson 5

I eat bread and cake. j

I eat them.

b. -i4 prder to _ott--e --

I go to the cafe in

order to drink something.

c. that/who/which/whom ... 4.,..11

The book that I read

is interesting.

The man who is sitting J yWat that table is my cre--+ 7. I I^ 11 e.1_.3

friend.

The car which is in front tg..1J1

of the house is mine. 0Ji_..d.) J1.5-11 f11_3

The man whom I talked to ,z1. 0 1 < v_1.11

is a teacher. JLZ....1


Greed is a deadly disease. II _

Lesson 5

J L JJ.__:,...,..9

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Lesson 5


It's all right (no harm done).

There is no problem.

May God bless your parents.

(This expression is used when

one wants to ask for a service

or information. It is also

used to express gratitude.)

This expression is used as a

reply to the above, it means:

May God bless my parents as

well as yours.

- G.)d forgives.

(Used to ask for forgiveness.)

Lr

< Lr...:1 14

0...0

May God reimburse you. . 0..11 I

- Congratulations.

(Any situation.)

Happy Aid (holiday).

Congratulations on buying or

renting a new house.

Congratulations on the birth

of a baby boy.

Congratulations on the birth

of a baby girl.

- May God grant you grace. / 6-Al

(Used as a reply to the above.)

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LESSON

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Lesson 6

N° 504 Rabat

HEURES D'OUVERTURE

DU SERVICE DES PAQUETS-POSTES

Jours ouvrables 8 h. 30 a 12 h. 00(sauf samedis) 14 h. 30 a 13 h. 30Samedis 8 h. 30 a 12 h. 15

Nurnero d'inscriptionau registre no 1489 :

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LeThee'veeu des Posses de RABAT RP a l'honneur de vous prier de bien vouloir vous presenter dans lesineilleurs ddlals eu Service des Paquets- Poste. , pour y asslster aux tormalitds douanieres concernant le ou lesenvois decrIts dans le cadre cidessous.

DELAI DE GARDE DES OBJETS : I 15 jours I (1) I 5 jours I (1)

PRIERE DE VOUS MUNIIR du present avis, de pieces d'identite et, to cas echeant, des documentsa presenter eu service des &wanes.

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Observations

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L..) 1_6

Lesson 6

II j

. 3sz L.AJI _9 I j-e-JI 12

e I 4_1n Q, l I < I j

o.L_I 4.3 1-4 2-6,3 II jeA LW. tF ,;)

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- 8P

Lesson 6

I. VOCABULARY

postman

post office(s)

package(s)

customs/duty

money order(s)

letter(s)

- envelope(s)

stamp(s)

telephone(s)

address(es)

family(ies)

- my mother

- my father

male friend(s)

girl - friend(s)

- door(s)

window(s)

Months

January

- February

March

- April

- May

]1.4 = 9?`

10,1. W =

-1

-e

=

= I ...r...ejr,

uJ"a'

I

- June=

u- 90 -

1

- July

August

September

- October

- November

- December


1. Verbs

Lesson 6

=

Jej-Z-51

. 4 d _

(See previous lessons for conjugation models in

imperative and in present, past and future tenses

both in affirmative and negative forms.)

a. Regular verbs

- to send

to paste, to glue

- to close, to shut, to seal

to open

- to grab, to receive, to get

to think (reflect)

to live

Lesson 6

b. Irregular verbs

to bring Q;'--t? 2 6,r--TR' 1 E---

- to fold 2 (.9-1* 1

to take, to collect, 1"..e.1..y

to pick up

c. "want" (0---in') + verb

The verb that follows the verb "to want" is always

conjugated in the present but does not use the

prefix 5 .

I want to go home.

She wants to buy a radio. _al..;

They want tc speak Arabic.I° °I 5

He wants to see the teacher.

* This is the formula used to represent irregular verbs:

the initial form is the infinitive, which is often the

third person masculine singular in the past tense; it

is followed by the verb in the first person singular

in the present tense without which in turn is

followed by the verb in the first person singular in

the past tense.

092

1 r)4-

2. Adjectives

pl. fem.

Lesson

ma s.

a. Regular

married

thirsty

hungry lea

b.

last

Irregular

L-L-11

healthystrong,

cheap

c. Participles

(These are adjectives

derived from verbs.)

sitting

going

coming

- standing

sleeping

working

3. Inter-ogative pronouns

Z-4;

I

OHO I Jas

for whom?

For whom is this package? ?Z.:1<D .3tc

This package is for Ali. J

93 103

j

to

6

Lesson 6

What is it made of /what is it for? (...,NLre..)

What is this ring made of? C 01--tb L;NL-710

What is this paper for?

4. Prepositions

?

for J

This preposition is conjugated

in the following manner:

for me 4?-1 /

for you LJ

for him

for her

for us

for you

for them

in _

This preposition may be conjugated

with pronominal endings:

in me

in you

in him

in her

in us

in you

in them

r 4 a

- 94 -

When conjugated as above,

has the meaning of the

verb "to be".

- I am hungry.

You are thirsty.

and sometimes of the verb

"to have" or of the

expression "have in it/them":

This house has

five rooms

This city has a lot

of cafés in it.

in front

Lesson 6

6.4,-J1

.ciLLs-11

J j I :1--11


as shown below:

in front of me

in front of you

in front of him

in front of her

in front of us

in front of you

in front of them

behind


as shown below:

106- 95 -

.5 Lao

49 I 1:r.-,

Lesson 6

behind me

behind you

behind him

behind_her

behind us

behind you

behind them

- close to, near


on the following basis:

close to me

close to you

close to him

close to her

close to us

close to you

close to them

- on, over, above


as follows:

above me

above you

above him

above her

106- 96 -

above us

above you

above them

Lesson 6

under


as in the following:

under me

under you

under him

under her

under us

under you

under them

with


as in the following:

with me

with you

with him

with her

with us

with you

with them

10797

Lesson 6

1. Ask questions about the picture using the prepositions:

Example: q J.-S J1 I J.-

2. Describe this picture using as many prepositions as possible:

108- 98

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Lesson 6

5. Prepositions of time

- before


as shown below:

before me

before you

before him

before her

before us

before you

before them

after


in the following manner:

after me

after you

after him

after her

after us

after you

after them

- 100 -

0-4 -

6. Adverbs

up, upstairs

He lives up therelupstairs.

-down, downstairs

Lesson 6

He lives down there /downstairs. nC.)

5

after

Come after five. y,?1

Come after Said. -4Come after him. 0

before -

Come before five o'clock.

Come before Said.

Come before me. J-e-j y-?1

7. Structures

probably, perhaps

Perhaps I will live

in America. .

Probably there is a

good film at the cinema."5 C.) 4

- to think ofIreftect

I think all the time. (....6da

I think of Life a lot. J13.

I think of her all. the a 5

. aL Stime.

Lesson 6

coming, next

I will go to France

this coming month.

4.7--U I

J

. 4,,U I

Next week I will / 241_,

buy a TV. u9.-.e..)--11--1-Lsue.. w (5.11--.6

The wordix,I___i; in the structure upiji and svin Lo..? agree in gender with the noun they

follow.

He made a phone call. c4.1.-15_..1..z,J1

- I made a collect call. I .

a registered letter. . 9-5--e..) I

8. The Cardinal Number "thousand"

JLJT "thousand" changes in number (sing., pl.) and

use of article according to the numeral that precedes

it;

i. 1 thousand

ii. 2 thousand

iii. 3 10 thousand

iv. 11 19 thousand

v. 20 100 thousand

JLJ T

vi. over the number 100, the above rules i. to v.

apply according to the last two digits.

Lesson 6


If anybody tells you there 5,1:1--12 k.)--114-41 elL.J JIg -

is a goat flying, tell him j 4-J Jj_gyes you are right and it Las-6-..i

-even -has grass in its mouth.

Meaning: Arguing with a hard-headed person is a waste

of time.

IV. IDIOMATIC AND SOCIAL ETIQUETTE EXPRESSION

May God grant grace.

(An expression used when

meeting a "friend" or

saying good-bye to him

or congratulating him on

a job well done.)

4-11 I 4.1.

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Lesson 6

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Lesson 6

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- 107 -116

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Lesson 7

I. VOCABULARY

- restaurant (s)

- food

- couscous

- tagine (a dish of meat and vegetablesin sauce or just vegetablesserved traditionally in anearthenware plate which isitself called by the same name.)

chicken

one chicken

- brochettes

- fish

- ground meat (usually beef)

soup

- meat

- lamb

beef

- beans

vegetables

salad

potatoes

- French fries

- eggs

one egg

olives

one olive

- onions

- tomatoes

- li...4.96ej

< H

I

S5 II

Lb G it

-- green peppers..

- salt

- pepper

- cooking oil

spoon(s)

- fork(s)

knife(ves)

kitchen(s)

- dessert

- ice cream

- color(s)

- later


1. Verbs

a. Regular verbs

- to love

to detest

- to prefer

to know

- to cook

- to be full

- to think (opinion)

Lesson 7

I II

I

Lesson 7

b, Irregular verbs

to be hungry et--1% -

- to see, to Zook

to like 0"^j1"'''.71

This verb, when conjugated in the present

tense, means "to- -Zike" and, when conjugated

in the past tense, means

present.

"to want" in the

I like

yop like (mas.)

you like (fem.)

he likes

she likes

we like

you like

they Zike

However, it gets conjugated also with

pronominal suffixes and, in the present

tense, it means "to Zike + pronominal

suffix or to want + pronominal suffix".

I like you; I love you.

I like him; I love him.

I like her; I love her.

I like you; I love you.(pl.)

I like them; I love them.

5

PS

Lesson 7

When this verb is followed by another verb,

the latter is always conjugated in the present..

tense without the prefix S (like the future).

I Like to drink coffee.

lie likes to sleep. Lia....11....1

c, The reflexive verb "_to please, to like, to__

be fond of"

This verb is made of many parts which play an

important role in the conjugation. It includes

Swhich introduces the idea of the present tense,

the infix or which agrees with the subject, so

if the latter is masculine (singular or plural),

the infix is. , and if it is feminine, the infix

ism , and last but not least, the pronominal suffix.

However, if the subject is plural, j is added before

the pronominal suffix. This verb with the different

components can be outlined in the following manner:

pronominalsuffixagreeswith

person

forverb

pluralrootsubject

+

(m) pleases me.

It (f) pleases me.

They (m) please me.

They (f) please me.

infixagreeswith

subject

113 122

introducespresenttense

Lesson 7

+ masculine subject

I like breakfast.

You like lunch.

He likes dinner. I__";--oJ

She likes gold.

We like Morocco.

You like milk.

They like tea. c5L-L I

ii. + feminine subject

+ plural subject

L5L-Z J t

.3.-11 4.9 .

J

J1 L-1-1.11

<

..1-..11:J1

12J114

5

Lesson 7

The verb 4.---?--0 in the present tense can ED,.

followed by another verb which is always con-

jugated in the present too, but which drops

the prefix .5, e.g.:

I like to drink beer. 1:).-e-,e-11

d. Past Continuous

present tense

When (conjugated in the past) is followed

by the present tense, it can either mean that

an action was taking place at a certain time

in the past, or that it used to be a habit:

I was writing a letter 4_1-4 I J-, c 5

when the phone rang.

When I was in Al Hoceima, J

I used to eat fish every Q-L-5

day. .

Conjugation of 01.-5 + present tense

< c

J-5 L-L1_5

0 LS

I J-1-1.4

I j - 1 5

I j_-e."--0.-L-5 I

j 1 - S i LS

115 124

Lesson 7

e."to need to, to have to,

to ought to, to be needed..

(by someone)"

This verb conjugates in all tenses

Like given above, but is used

for present tense.

Also, like can be followed by

another verb which is always conjugated in

the present tense too, but without the

prefix S :

I have to go.

He ought to go.

She must go.

We need to go.

yL-3.-

cr..L-o-,L L-AAiLa

I j

The meaning in this case depends very much on

the context. However, when is followed

by a noun, it only means "to need":

I need cigarettes.

I need money. . ( )

2. Adjectives

pl. fem. mas.

saZty 0_,.....,-Ji-4 1....,--h-4C--ii---4

bZand (without c.,...,. 1-.....9._.:-.6 u.....9.._:.--6

sugar or salt)

hot (spices) 0.1_,L.-2. 3.31--.,...,

L.-%

- sweet (spices) cv_....L.,. '6......L.,....,--1-0-

delicious ot__:..... 711-......._..., co.-&-;,-,,

- fried 0-,..4.-LaA 14.-LjLz

- 116 -

125

colourspl. fem.

white

black

ye l Zow

blue

red

- green

Green is the colour

of peace.

eJ.....J1

I like white. (..7" . I COhm.WI

The colour of the sky is blue. 43J..)

Lesson 7

Wh:i is the sea water salty ?? f---4 4.)L.-a

This food is delicious.

Re does not Zike bland coffee. a...9,1ma ZgradIS,..9. 51--s)

Do you Zike hot pepper?

I want fried fish.

This tea is very sweet. j15_,, Stmt Lab

Row much is that yellowc'j.i....0..,J a11.11.--tb

sweater?

3. Interrogative pronouns

with what? _

With what do you make tea Li) 4 Lein Morocco? ?

how? ? L_ILS

How do you make tea in

Morocco?

- 117 - 126

I

Lesson 7

- only

I want only one pastry. 45_9.1......A

sometime

I will go to Fes

sometime.

4. Conjunctions

. cg-z;

before

Before I travel, I buy a..1

a ticket..

Before I slept, I

wrote some letters. izol

after

After I get up in the

morning, I drink a glass

of iilk.

After I went home, I

ate and slept.

t

2dmIle 1-04.;:o-.01..4%...:# j t-1..S I 4.11

Note that, in phrases that contain these conjunctions,

the verb of the subsequent phrase has to be in the

same tense (present present; past past).

5. Structures

one time, one day

One day (sometime) I

will come to see you.

Cr..15

.

One time I came to .1,p dj

see you, but ...

127- 118

from time to time

From time to time j 0' -go to the cinema.

I think that

I think that you are a

good man.

That is why

Yesterday, I went to j

Fes; that is why I did

not come to see you.

how Zong, long time

How Zong have you

been in Morocco?

I have not seen you

for a Zong time.

Lesson 7

/A 5

,A11-. (AI -

(.5..) L.1a j

6,0*)..i...o-JI j. "I

". e tr L..e (.5.)

how do you find/how did you find?61-e-5

How do you find Morocco?

The word all, in the phrase (AL.?

agrees with the direct object.

a. masculine singular direct object

.-it-a-II

- II Lae kite.5

oCbLa. jeS

Lesson 7

b. feminine singular direct object

c. plural direct object

ti

11

tdZ,

9

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sj I jft

tt

tl10.12)

6. Cardinal numbers

The cardinal number changes in use of article

according to the numeral that precedes it:

a. 1 ...

b. 2 to 10 ...

c. 11 to 19 ...

d. 20 100 ...

e. over the number 100, the above rules a. to d. apply

according to the last two digits.

- 120 - 2 j

Lesson 7


It is only the drum (1,111

that eats alone. dio_a.

(Here the metaphor is that

the drum gets fed while being beaten.)

Meaning: If you are eating in the presence of other people,

it is impolite not to offer to share your food with

them.


please

- to your health

(Said to someone when he is

eating or drinking or after;

on his finishing his bath,

coming out of a hammam,

buying something new, or

having a haircut.)

May God grant you health.

(Reply to the above.)

a1 1Ob

a...I.1 I

With pleasure. c)__,) J-21_,,

(With all happiness.)

- If you want to.

I agree with you.

- You use this word as an

expression of gratitude,

especially when somebody

renders you a service, such

as handing you your socks or

shoes, or pouring water

over your hands. The word

,- 121

_

1.3_5

.130

Lesson 7

is also used by the speaker

when he mentions words like

(donkey)

(dog)

(pig)

(garbage)

or anything associated with

filth. Some people also use

it when referring to (Jew).

May God grant you pride and honour.

(Said in reply to the above.)

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Lesson 7


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- 124 -

LESSON

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C.1 I

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- 129 - 13G

Lesson 8

I. VOCABULARY

- shopping basket(s)

- vegetables

greengrocer(s)

- smell, perfume

wine

coriander

parsley

carrots

- turnips

squash

- celery

- cauliflower

- broad/lima bean

- peas

- eggplant

- beets

- lettuce

- garlic

- fruits (dry)

- fruit

- cherry

- grapes

- apricots

- peaches

- figs

- 130 -

4".

j 1--Lj ( )

- pomegranate

- water melon

almonds

- peanuts

chick peas


1. Past tense of

a. verb and masculine subject

I liked breakfast.

You (mas.) liked lunch.

You (fem.) liked dinner.

He liked bread.

She liked juice.

We liked Morocco.

You liked milk.

They liked tea.

b. verb and feminine subject

I liked beer.

You (mas.) liked coffee.

You (fem.) liked harira.

He liked salad.

She liked America.

We liked France.

You liked Switzerland.

They liked the house.

Lesson 8

01-4.)-11

e9.1-11 t;,3--11

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LZs.aJI

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1

2...9_4...1_,J1

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- 131138

Lesson 8

c. verb and plural subject

I liked cups of tea. . 3

You (mas.) liked magazines.

You (fem.) liked kids.

He liked newspapers.

She liked gondoras.

We liked money.

You liked cars.

They liked books.

Exercise

4...) I

C. 1 J." J.-L.-S-1 1

Ly,..9.11

C.,11.-mim..!,90,.91:1.11

j..Z.Z.JI 14.Jb

Make as many sentences as you can with

using these pictures:

1 3 3

- 132 -

I)-

/, . \

z

I itilir W6 0.111

111

..--

.

1-._-

s .... .

;

L

, ---(1141116-,

41111111 '''''':44k

IIN

0

otla,,

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os,Pt,vo ,\0\\\V0.A.,v.N...0

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Ore

,

I,,\1

. 4.

A214%0

0-..-,-- ....i -o

..,;;,:z.- 11(-'ielly----;,*

C'..,.e tic...,

Lesson 8

2.- Have you ever. ...? s: j.

The phrase LP...9 conjugates as follows:

,;ii

(P-9 ot I

cAlj

The verb that follows is often in the past tense.

Examples

Have you ever been to France? uttj

Have they ever eaten couscousj--c

Have you ever drunk mint tea

in America? j

Have never ... L'"4

The phrase can be conjugated in the following

manner:

Q.1 L...

NB. The verb that follows.)1...c. L_Ais often in the past.

I have never eaten hamburger.-

She has never been abroad. .

Don't ever say this (again). JLA

3. Comparatives and Superlatives

Comparatives

good

a Zot

small

big

short

tall

Examples

Adjectives

61ej-10

Susan's Arabic is better

than Tom's.

Khadija is shorter

than Fatima.

Lesson 8

Comparatives

better than

more than

smaller than

bigger than

shorter than

taller than

cj I

1.3.9-11

0""4

4:,42 Jj.112

The comparative is invariable: it is the same for

masculine, feminine and plural.

Alike/the same

Examples

They are alike.

They are alike.

Do you want to eat now,

or wait until he comes?

It's aZZ the same to me.

142- 135

1 a J-5 L-z Ly.s1

Lesson 8

Superlatives

The notion of superlatives can be expressed in two

ways:

a. by adding the article .11 to the adjective and

inserting the pronouns ¢s or Lubas approp

riate:

Mohamed is a bright ca.-5 J

student.

Mohamed is the brightest 4 t n j.ab

student in this class. . j cir.S.1_11

b. by adding 1 to the adjective in its comparative

form:

Mohamed is the youngest j

boy in this class. 10...JLJ1 wIL-m

4. Interrogative forms

which is ..., or ...?

what is ..., or ..., . ?

Examples

Which is better,

Rabat or Marrakech?

Which is bigger, r.S L.-4 I

your house or his?

136

Lesson 8

Answer the following questions:

11.3 La I

11 _

1.3

119 cr_1_,

utlj

7 LabSt.1.11

Lesson 8

5. Structures

.31_0 can be used as "only", "just" or "then"

as shown below:

a. Only

It's only been a quarter

of an hour since I saw

him with her.

b. Just

I just got here.

c. Then

He ate, then went to

bed.

Jljt--a can be used as "still" or "not yet"

as shown below:

a. Still

He still has my watch. .

We still don't know LP 1--L-4)--C

what he is going to do.

They are still

working with us.

We still have time. .

J Ls

J-7!J-r! LSJ 1--4

b. Not yet (in a reply)

Is lunch ready? 1.1-1-11 L;11...9

Not yet. JL)1...-0

Has he finished his

work yet?

He hasn't finished

it yet.

138 1 45

Lesson 8

3 can be used as "already", "first", "at least"

and "as for" as in the following:

a. Already

He's already left.

b. First

Let's at first,

then have tea.

c. At least

Tell us, at least, ji-i

what you did yesterday.

d. As for

As for her, she wLS L.-4 i-Jar_O__4

has never been here.


A stone from the hand

of the beloved is an

apple.


Really?

It is not true.

Mind your own business.

- Leave me alone.

worthless

48-' 139

a1 1...7-°?`"'

trrh. I4

aLoa I 4.11

Lesson 8

Do not be stingy. Pi

I am not your father.

(I cannot be responsible

for your acts, and provide

for you.)

41."--; I

This (thing) is shameful. 31.to

Shame on you. in < i G -

(This expression is used when

the speaker wants to discourage

somebody from doing something

considered shameful.)

To Zove very much.

(to the extent of dying for

the object of love).

I Zove bananas very much. 5

A Z i loves Janet very much 4=c1 o


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1_ '1 3- 141 -

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Lesson 9

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Lesson 9

I. VOCABULARY

- building(s), block of flats

- flcor(s), storey(ies)

apartment(s)

- stairs

- lift(s), elevator(s)

- neighbor(s)

balcony(ies)

- bedroom

salon(s), living room(s)

1461...0

Lit

L-0

c)Ij.es

LL Le

CL, L-os cjiJ

- laundry room C2.9111.4011 114...1

garden(s)1.:fJ

tenant(s)4,Ls

place(s), dwlling(s)

cash advance

- watch(es), meter(s) 0-5 13--a

water meter 1--6-11 iLL

- electricity meter

contract(s) Li 1.)-13--L.9-5 I

- real estate agent

- sun

- noise

- dust

- receipt(s)

- 141 52

_


1. Verbs

a. Regular verbs

to ask, to beg

to Lend

to borrow

to rest

to come down, to climb down

- to use

to climb up

to instal (electricity and water)

to come back

to inform, to Zet know

b. Irregular verbs

to rent

to sign

Lesson 9

ct....:,....)

1..........12$

Z--?'-)

(h.-1...0

..)5 2 4..)-5 1 (c---- L.5,)-5

e.:.,!.--7.......... 2 leL...... * 1 ......... /.,,.d.........

c. Making intransitive verbs transitive

Intransitive verbs are verbs that do not require

a direct object such as:

to come in -i--:.)

- to go out C.,.;

- to Laugh aLa...4

- to climb down k-, --al

- to climb up tL1

153147

Lesson 9

All these verbs are triliteral (ie. they are made

up of three consonants) and they can be made

transitive by doubling their middle consonant

(ie. putting a :on it) as shown below:

to make (someone or something)

enter

to bring in

Bring in your friend.

to make (someone or something)

go out

to take out

I made the student

leave the classroom.

0-45 o I

to make laugh _

This film makes one laugh .

to bring down, to demote

Hassan brought down the '41,..5 I". 0 13;....6

suitcase from the bus .

baggage rack.

to make climb, to promote,

to take up

Fatima took the laundry

up to the roof.

d. Passive verbs

1-6b Lto Q1,r j

Transitive verbs can be made passive by adding

to them, as shown below:

to write

to be written

I. r- 148 -

to be written (fem.)

to be written (pl.)

to understand

to be understood

- to be understood (fem.)

to be understood (pl.)

to buy

to be bought

to be bought (fem.)

to be bought (pl.)

The lesson was written.

The food was bought.

The money was stolen.

2. Adjectives

wide

simple

busy

poor

enough

Lesson 9

A n

I j I J-41:-.21

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pl. fPm. l mas.

I9

149

153.

Lesson 9

3. Conjunction

because = a...11...1;

Mohamed went home ;,ta,,j_s j1.3_11 j

because he was tired. CJIS

4. Structures

He (it) is not too bad.

This structure can be

conjugated as follows:

He/it is not too bad.

She/it is not too bad.

They are not too bad.

jt L.-a

u::' 1-..0 crl0

This house is not too bad.

That film is not too bad. , a II Ld I J

These students are

not too bad.

- too much for ...

Too much for me.

Too much for you.

Too much for him.

Too much for her.

Too much for us.

Too much for you. (pl.)

Too much for them.

Six hours of Arabic

a day is too much

for us.

J13_,

I I c J13_,

I

J IT.Lado

Lesson 9


A brick in a wall is

better than a pearl

in a necklace.

Meaning: Investing money in a house is better

than investing it in jewelry.


Long time, no see! 4,11.._k

Do not be impatient. .

He drives me crazy. J pa-.11 4T1 t 1 10 c

(He makes the blood

rush to my head.)

Stop talking nonsense. . kJ

I ignored him. .

He ignored me. c S a C..) L. .1-G 0) a

- 151 -

Lesson 9

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159 16

Lesson 10

I. VOCABULARY

male Muslim(s)

female Muslim(s)

- male Christian(s)

female Christian(s)

Jew(s)

- Jewess(es)

Islam

Christianity

- Judaism

language (s)

- specialization(s)

- state(s) (in the sense of country)

government(s)

- organization(s)

- organization(s)

- state(s)

- peace

- world

- ground, soil, earth

- life

- development

- aim(s)

- training(s)

- information

I

10311.J....1141 3....0LraC

13, t.....eL s"..aCr

160 t64

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number.

number(s)

- frankness, candidness

period of time

- male volunteer(s)

female volunteer(s)

subject(s), topic(s)

male technician(s)

- female technician(s)

religion

- agriculture

- energy

education


1. Verbs

a. Regular verbs

to Zearn

- to appear, to seem

to be shy, to shy off

to pull

to push

to save (money)

to speak, to talk

to happen

Lesson 10

eL4)1 1.4)

1 _

- 161 -1 6 5

t-4.3

Lesson 10

b. Irregular verbs

- to go on, to add

- to complete, to

finish

2. Adjectives

pL

developing 0-Tt4.4-"

absent

present

- compulsory

lazy

soft

rough, rugged

3. Conditional sentences

a.

2

2

1 4-- -31,)

::7J " 1 "

fern_

:11:1,...)

is used for something that is possible, or

sometimes with the imperative:

mas.

If you go to the postJI

office, bring me two

stamps.

If I arrive early, I

will call you.

tLi

162

. aL-J

Lesson 10

c.)- c.)L.5.1 or :j.)_S "ifn

is used for a situation that is over, so it is

too Late to change it:

If I had known you would LL.s._!z 4.0L_b

be there, I would not

have come.

If I had seen him, I

would. have given him

the letter.

If I had had money, I

would have gone to theL.r "3143

Bahamas.

4. Adverbs

I

exactly L-4 L...0.Z

That's exactly

what I've said.

perhaps

Perhaps I'll go

France tomorrow.

by force

I ate by force

loudly

to

I

Speak loudly please.

I did not hear you.

4.4

< - 10

Lesson 10

5. Structures

except

They aZ7, came

except Mohamed.

until

I went on talking

until I got tired.

also/too

Where will you go

next weekend?

I'll go to Fez.

Me too.

as soon as

As soon as he comes,

tell me.

by the time

10ako 1--4 I j

By the time I become

an important person, .

I'll be an old man.

ago

I was there two

months ago.

I Jg

4i L-6 cye--e

4..) L-6

-

. 4.5 1.ce

- it has been ... since/ago

She died six years ago.

It has been six years

since she died.

for (time -expression)

He's been away for

two years.

(sJ Lab

4.3 L.10

. . . . SJ t_gb

L....A 1,F ta Lab

16i- 164 --

for a long time

I haven't seen them a

for a long time.

how long ago/since ...?

Lesson 10

da L-a) J

da L-6 J 1_1-41

How long ago did W I a z_k9 e Ls a 1-4:b

that happen?

How long has it been

since that happened?


A Jack of all trades,

and a master of none.

j__11 -


- I nm very angry. . I _

There is no harm/It's all right. kr L4

Long time, no see! / L-se

I al-e,

May God help you recover. _

- May God help you get-well. uL u9 < L-.0 -- This film isn't worth L-4) a I-s -

seeing.

I don't feel Zike eating. . _

1 6J- 165 -

Lesson 10

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Lesson 10

ADDITIONAL NOTES AND VOCABULARY1

APPENDIX A

TRANSLATIONS

OF DIALOGUES

LESSONS 1 5

,-)- 1 6197-4

Lesson 1

Where are you from?

Samir : Peace be upon you!

Mark : Upon you be peace. (And also on you.)

Samir : How are you?

Mark : Fine, thanks be to God, and you?

Samir : Fine, thank you. Are you French?

Mark : No, I'm American.

Samir : Are you from Dallas?

Mark : No, I'm from Boston.

Samir : Is Boston a pretty city?

Mark : A little ... And you, where are you from?

Samir : From Fes.

Mark : Is Fes a big city?

Samir : Yes, big ... What's your name?

Mark : My name's Mark. And you?

Samir : Samir.

Mark : Nice to meet you.

Samir : Welcome to Morocco, Mister Mark.

Mark : Thank you.

173- 171 -

Appendix A

AEpendix A

Lesson 1

SUPPLEMENTARY DIALOGUE

Aicha : Good morning, madam!

Laura :- Good morning.

Aicha : Where are you from?

Laura : I'm from Louisiana, and you?

Aicha : I'm from Marrakech. What's your name?

Laura : My name's Laura, and you?

Aicha : Aicha.

Laura : Who is this girl?

Aicha : Khadija, my daughter.

Laura : She's very pretty.

Aicha : Thank you.

Laura : Good-bye.

Aicha : Good-bye.

1 7

- 172 -

Appendix A

Lesson 2

In the Café

Tom : Sir, come here, please.

Waiter : What would you like?

Tom : Coffee with milk, without sugar. And a glass of

water, please.

Waiter : All right, sir.

Julie : A cold orange juice.

Waiter : All right, madam. Would you like some cakes?

Tom : Are there any good cakes?

Waiter : Of course. Everything here is good.

Julie : All right, bring us two chocolate cakes, but hurry

please. We don't have much time.

Waiter : Here's the coffee, the orange juice and the cakes.

Julie : How much is it for everything?

Waiter : dirhams/ryals.

Julie : Do you have change for 100 dirhams?

Waiter : Yes, I do.

175- 173 -

Appendix A

Lesson 3


Mchamed : Good afternoon, Bob.

Bob : Good afternoon, Mohamed. How are you, fine?

Mohamed : Fine, thank you, and you?

Bob : Well, thanks.

Mohamed : Where did you go yesterday?

Bob : When?

Mohamed : In the afternoon.

Bob : Ah. Yesterday afternoon!... I left home at 2:30.

Mohamed : And where did you go?

Bob : I went to the cinema and I saw Rambo.

Mohamed : When did you leave the cinema?

Bob At ... six or ... six fifteen. And then I came

back home.

Mohamed : Good!

1. 7G

- 174 -

Appendix A

Lesson 4

At the Bus Station

Mark : Peace be upon you.

Ticket Seller : Peace be upon you, what do you want, sir?

Mark : At what time does the bus for Marrakech

leave, please?

Ticket Seller : There is one that leaves at 7 o'clock in the

morning and one at 4:00 pm.

Mark : What time do they arrive?

Ticket Seller : The first one arrives at 11:30 am.

Mark : And the second one?

Ticket Seller : At 8:30 at night.

Mark : How much is the ticket, please?

Ticket Seller : dirhams.

Mark : Give me three tickets, please.

Ticket Seller : OK, Sir, here they are.

Mark : Thank you.

Ticket Seller : You are welcome. Have a safe journey.

Appendix A

Lesson 4


Tom and Hamid at the Bus Station

Tom : Peace be upon you.

Hamid : Upon you be peace. (And also on you.)

Tom : Where is the train station, please.

Hamid : Go straight until the third street and turn left,

then keep on until the cinema and turn right, there

is the train station.

Tom : Thank you.

Hamid : You speak Arabic very well.

Tom : Just a little.

Hamid : Are you French?

Tom : No, I am American. Good-bye.

Hamid : Good-bye.

Appendix A

Lesson 5

At the Hanout

Suzanne : Good evening.

Shopkeeper : Good evening, madam.

Suzanne : Give me please two fresh banana flavored yogurts.

Shopkeeper : Here you are, madam. Do you want anything else?

Suzanne : Yes, I want a pen and a notebook.

Shopkeeper : Excuse me, madam, I do not sell pens and notebooks.

Suzanne : No problem, give me a bottle of soda, a package of

cookies and (a piece of) cheese.

Shopkeeper : OK, madam, here is the bottle of soda, the package

of cookies and (the piece of) cheese. Is that all?

Suzanne : That is all, sir. How much is everything?

Shopkeeper : Yogurt is ryals, soda ryals, cookies are

ryals, and cheese

ryals.

Suzanne : Here you are, thank you.

Shopkeeper : Here is your change, madam. Good-bye. (May God

ryals. Everything is

help you.)

Suzanne : Good-bye.

A2pendix A

Lesson 5


Mark

Clothes seller

:

:

Peace be upon you.

Peace be upon you, come in, sir. What do

you want?

Mark : How much is this gondora?

Clothes seller : It is not expensive, its price is 2000 ryals.

Mark : This gondora is too expensive.

Clothes seller : How much do you want to pay for it?

Mark : I will give you 800 ryals.

Clothes seller : No, no ... give me 1500 ryals.

Mark : No, that's too much. Good-bye.

Clothes seller : Come (back)! Come (back)! Give me 1200 ryals

for it.

Mark : I will give you 1000 ryals, (if) you want, OK,

(if) you don't want, good-bye.

Clothes seller : Give (me), sir, 1000 ryals. It is all right.

(No harm done.)

1

- 178

APPENDIX B

LISTS OF

SPECIAL

VOCABULARY

Appendix B

FAMILY

father /

mother / (01

parents 0-es-J1J-JI

grandfather(s) Jja-> _

grandmother (s) _

son sJ

daughter

children SjI,,JVJ

uncle on paternal side pl-4-s -

aunt on paternal side

uncle on maternal side

aunt on maternal side _

brother(s) kx,; - / &

sister(s) kx,t_L _

wife

husband

male cousin on paternal side

female cousin on paternal side

male cousin on maternal side .1-43

female cousin on maternal side

nephew on brother's side esi a-Jj

niece on brother's side eSJI

nephew on sister's side a-Jj

niece on sister's side

in law(s)

step-son/step-daughter

mother-in-law, also old woman

- 181

182

)

/

1

Appendix BCLOTHES,pant (s)

shirt (s)

sweater (s)

dress (es) 4_9L...-5

skirt (s) _

coat(s) .6--eleS 1294-5

suit(s)

sock (s)

knit skull cap (usuallyworn by men)

tie (s) _

caftan, long-sleeved robe 0.121-11J

(for women)

gondora - a sheer, oftenwhite, garment

Moroccan garment similarto knee pants, very full

burnus, a cape with a hood lota

and no sleeves

turban(s)

shoe (s) .12

sandal (s)

a type of North African _slippers used as generalfoot wear

sneaker (s)

handkerchief, tissue

belt (s) 1-12-4-4

- 182 -1S3

type of embroidered woman'sbelt (usually of silk; it canalso be of gold or silver)

string or cord used to keepsleeves up (used by women)

scarf, used as a head cover(for women)

type of North African robewith a hood

fez

- 183 -

J-40-4-L

Appendix B

Appendix B

VEGETABLES

carrots

turnips

courgette

pumpkin

kind of long, green squash

celery

artichoke stalk

cauliflower

fava beans/broad beans

peas

eggplant

beets

lettuce

potatoes

tomatoes

onions

green peppers

artichoke

cucumber

a variety of cue-atter

- 184 --

FRUIT

Appendix B

cherrya, 1 ,

grapes

apricots LAL-0-4-6.11

peaches

figs

pomegranate

melon e F.. H /

watermeloncS(.1_11

applescL_I-L1_11

bananas

orangesu II

/

pears

plum

strawberry

tangerines

nectarine

prickly pears (fruit of cactus)

medlar

18G,s.815 =

Appendix B

SPICES

salt

Pepper

ginger

cumin

saffron

turmeric

hot pepper

red hot pepper

cinnamon

cloves

garlic

coriander

parsley

mint

1 6 7

186 -

H

el 4. It

HOUSEWARE

Appendix B

kind of round brown earthenware 0_>1.3_12

serving dish with lid

sauce pan(s) 1

cooking pot(s) (metal)

frying pan (s) 4-;%.11-L-a

dish, plate(s) J II

spoon (s) -

knife(ves)

fork(s) -

(drinking) glass (es) t-S

table (s) _

strainer, or colander (s) t-L-0

teapot(s)

coffeepot (s) -

metal tray used for serving tea

large bowl, or dish, in whichcouscous is served

refrigerator(s) _ /-4-Z

bottle (only for butane gas)

brazier(s)

brochette sticks

grill(s) (for broiling meat)

board used for carrying breadto and from the oven

large bowl (for serving soup,fruit, etc.)

soup bowl(s)

- 184 S8

Appendix B

wooden spoon(s) (for eating soup)

sharp knife(ves) (or hunting

dagger)

meat cleaver(s)

a cooking pot (for couscous)also a hot water storagereceptacle for the publicbath

-

pot with holes in the bottom ri < <

used in steaming couscous

round sifter used in sifting j.1 .)-4 -wheat and flour

SOME PARTS OF THE BODY

head (s)

hair

face (s)

forehead (s)

eye (s)

eyebrow (s)

eyelash (es)

cheek (s)

nose (s)

nose, snout (person, animal)

ear (s)

tongue (s)

tooth (teeth)

chin (s)

shoulder (s)

hand (s)

palm (s)

fingernail (s)

chest (s)

breast (s)

belly (ies) (;1 -5

belly-button (s)

back (s)

leg (s) (lour half) pa

thigh(s) J 4-1-1I 13 0

Appendix B

aJl P

..tu I .)

j--$1-4;

/

- 189

AITIII2J12LJ2

knee(s)

foot (feet) (also: leg(s)

heel(s) (foot and shoe)

ankle (s)

finger(s), also toe (s) e

elbow ( s) /

foraarm(s)

stomach

intestine (s)

appendix

liver

/

lung(s)

gallbladder

armpit (s)

heart (s)

spleen

-

rib ( s )

throat(s)

nape (back of the neck)

thick nape (pejorative)

vertebral or spinal column

blood

skin

PaJI

PROFESSIONS

professor, teacher

journalist

headmaster, manager, director

policeman

doctor

type of rural and highway policeman

lawyer

translator, interpreter

judge

teacher, instructor

secretary, writer

inspector

engineer, architect

nurse (medical)

veterinarian

farmer

carpenter, cabinet-maker

blacksmith

barber

maker and seller ofshoemaker

weaver (usually of blankets)

tailor

whitewasher

192- 191

Appendix B

J1.-Z-.. I

/

Appendix B

painter (house, etc.), dyer,tinter (cloth, etc.)

one who makes and sells a kindof Mbroccan doughnut

c.zwatch and clock repairman ...g

real estate agent or broker 1-41-..41

hunter, fisherman

merchant, businessman j

guard, one on guard duty

mason, bricklayer

driver

one who takes care of the traveler'sbaggage on the bus and helps thedriver during the trip, etc.

vegetable merchant

butcher

dealer in herbs and spices

fishmonger, fisherman iya

poulterer, poultry dealer

waiter /

tanner V.-4J

welder

sharecropper (sharing a fifthof the crop)

engraver

LYCEE TERMINOLOGY

high school

like junior high(1st to 4th Moroccan)

high school(5th to 7th Moroccan)

principal

assistant principal

person in charge ofdiscipline

bursar

secretary

assistant to thesurveillant

'gopher'

inspector

teacher's lounge

classroom(s)

courtyard

attendance office

library

stencil (to run off)

paper

absence list

lycee

premier cycle

deuxi6me cycle

proviseur

censeur

surveillant general

econame

secretaire

repetiteur

chaouch

inspecteur

salle des professeurs

salle(s)

cour

bureau d'absence

Appendix B

Jji

h c

bibliotlkue

stencil (tirer) ( Ej; )

papier

feuille d'absence

notebook used to record cahier de textes

each lesson

list of grades, byclass

chalk

eraser (blackboard)

feuille de notes

craie

brosse

193 -194

Appendix B

blackboard tableau

meeting reunion

meeting to discuss conseil de disciplinediscipline problems

meeting to discussgrades and results

conseil de classe

students' grade book livret scolaire

1-4--a-z--4schedule emploi du temps

result: whether student resultatpasses or not

grade average moyenne

highest honors felicitations

high honors encouragement

honors tableau d'honneur

withheld reserve

rebuke (to a very blameweak student)

warning avertissement

warning (by all observation generale ILAteachers)

expulsion arret d'etudes

fair assez bien

weak faible

school year an:nee scolaire

1st trimester ler trimestre

2nd trimester 2ame trimestre

3rd trimester 3eme trimestre

students' parents' association des parents

association d'eleves

- 194 19a

Jr.3o. II

L,JJDI e,9 sJl

SUBJECTS MATIERES

Arab literature

English

French

History

Geography

Natural science

Civics

Islamic education

P.E.

Philosophy

Math

Chemistry

Physics

University

Dean

General secretary(helps Dean)

Department head

litterature Arabe

Anglais

Francais

Histoire

Geographie

Sciences naturelles

Education nationale

Education Islamique

Education physique

Philosophie

Mathdmatiques

Chimie

Physique

Universite

Doyen

Secretaire general

Chef du departement

Specialization, Specialisationmajor

Appendix B

1,9--o.JI

L<)--T!-1?7-1'--11

10.1111JI

Appendix B

THE MOROCCANADMINISTRATION

Prime Minister

Ministry of ForeignAffairs

Ministry of- Interior.

Ministry of Finance

Ministry of Justice

Ministry of Education

Ministry ofAgriculture

Ministry of Health

Ministry of Fisheries

Ministry ofCommunication

Water and Forests

Province(s)

Municipality

County government

County district

Sub-district

Tribe

Village coraunity

Governor

General secretary

Mayor

President of thecounty

L ' ADMINISTRATIONMAROCAINE

Premier Ministre

Minis-tare des Affaires

Etrangeres

Ministere de l'Interieur

Ministere des Finances

Ministere de la Justice

Ministere de l'Education

Ministere de l'Agriculture

I nistere de la Sante

Ministere de la Peche

Ministere des P. et T.

Eaux et Forets

Province(s)

Municipality

Commune rurale

Cercle

Caidet

Tribu

Douar

Gouverneur

Secretaire general

Pasha

President de la commune

196 - i. 5

3.)14111

J.91

j

1-JL-6-81-.11

1 -

LI II

Head Caid

GovernmentRepresentative

Representative ofthe Caid

Assistant to theCheikh

Super Cala

Card

Cheikh

Mokaddem

Appendix B

Appendix B

SOME VERBS JL.-a-155)1

to pass (an exam) to succeed

to fail (an exam)

to teaseu-ak_z

to lose (something)/ J39

to draw, or to paint

to take a photo

to memorize

to preserve

to try, to experiment

to sing

to dancec_10-4

to take off, to remove/ a)

to defende_bis

to swear, to testify by oath61-1-*

to carry (as from one place to

another)

to reproduce

to respect

to complain

to feel (object or feeling)6r,

to swim

to be safe (and sound) to embrace Islam

to become, to return0-39

to happene4.5

- 198 - 15:3

to hurt

to wear, to put on

to meet (each other) to runacross one another

to quarrel-

to look, to appear; to seem(to someone)

to get (something) dirty,to soil

to blot, to dry with a blotter,to dry

to wipe

to become accustomed, or usedto (someone or something)

to gather together, or in a group(people, fruit, etc.)

to pick up from the ground, tocollect

to warm (up), to heat (up)

to mix (up)

Appendix B

to return, or give back, to4,refuse

to turn over, to turn upsidedown

to change

to add, to continue, to increase

to decrease, to subtract

to cut down, to lower, to reduce

to measure, to weigh

to measure, to try on

4n- 199 -

Appendix B

to pull

to stop (transitive)

to use

to turn

to turn on (light, radio, etc.)

to turn off, to turn out (transitive)

(light, radio, etc.)

to go out (intransitive) (light, fire,

etc.)

to run

to fill up, to fill out (forms)

to wind (clocks)

to damage

to fix, to repair, to make

to shut up, to be quiet

to cut, to cross (a road, a river)

to start, to begin

to look for, to search, to examine

to pour

to hold, to close

to fast

to translate

to hide

to pray

to fear, to be afraid of

to try, to attempt

to win, to gain, to make a profit

201

- 200 -

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