Mahendra MagreNikhilesh VaidyaVishal Takle

1.It is a Signal Which Records the Electrical Activity

of the Heart.

2.The Heart is a Two Stage Electrical Pump& the

Hearts Electrical Activity Can be Measured by

Electrodes Placed on the Skin.

3.The ECG can Measure the Rate and Rhythm of the

Heartbeat as well as Provide Indirect Evidence of

Blood Flow to the Heart Muscle.

4.It is also known as EKG.

5.It is also called as 12 -Lead ECG because the Hearts

Electrical Activity most often is Recorded From 12

different places on the Body at the same Time.

1.Willem Einthoven a

Dutch Physiologist in

1895 made the first

ECG Recording.

2.P,Q,R,S,T Waves are

also first defined by

Willem Einthoven.

3.Willem Einthoven 1st

Published his Normal

and Abnormal ECG

Recording in the 1906.

4.In 1924 Willem

Einthoven Received

Nobel Prize for his

Invention of the ECG.

An ECG is a Painless, Non-invasive Way to

diagnose many common Types of Heart

Problems, Doctor Uses the ECG to measure-

1.Irregularities in your heart rhythm

(Arrhythmias )

2.Heart Defects

3.Problems with your heart valves

4.Blocked or narrowed arteries in your

heart(Coronary heart disease)

5.A heart attack in emergency solutions.

Generally there are Three Methods for Measurement

of ECG

1.Limb Lead Measurements.

2.Frank Lead ECG Measurements

3.Standard ECG measurements.

Five electrodes RA,LA,LL,RL&C.

ECG machine uses patients right leg as common electrode.

The unipolar chest leads (V1-V6) are measured with signals from certain specified locations on the chest applied to the amplifier's non-inverting input ,while the RA,LA&LL signals are summed in a resistor at the inverting inputs.

WORKING OF HEART

Heart as a potential source

P wave: the sequential activation (depolarization) of the right and left atria

QRS complex: right and left ventricular depolarization (normally the ventricles are activated simultaneously)

ST-T wave: ventricular repolarization U wave: origin for this wave is not clear - but probably

represents "after depolarization" in the ventricles PR interval: time interval from onset of atrial depolarization (P

wave) to onset of ventricular depolarization (QRS complex) QRS duration: duration of ventricular muscle depolarization QT interval: duration of ventricular depolarization and

repolarization RR interval: duration of ventricular cardiac cycle (an indicator of

ventricular rate) PP interval: duration of atrial cycle (an indicator of atrial rate)