efficient p recycling as promoted by research at mtt 1-2014-181... · efficient p recycling as...

Efficient P recycling as promoted by research at

MTTMTT

Minna Sarvi

Research Scientist

19.11.2014

Helcom AGRI 1-2014 meeting in Copenhagen20-21.11.2014

Efficient P recycling is a prerequisitefor better water quality in the Baltic Sea

• At present:

• Spatially concentrated P-stocks in soil, animal manure and sewage sludge

� “Hot spot areas” with high soil test P values

� Exceeds P requirement of plants

� Increased P leaching potential

19.11.2014© Maa- ja elintarviketalouden tutkimuskeskus 2

� Increased P leaching potential

• Permanent reduction of excess soil P reserves is a prerequisite for the reduction of P leaching

Baltic Manure (BatMan) Project

• Flagship project in the Action Plan of the EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region adopted by member states in 2009

• The project was financed by the European Union's Baltic


• The project was financed by the European Union's Baltic Sea Region Programme 2007-2013

Lead Partner: MTT Agrifood Research Finland

Total budget: 3.7 million €

18 partners from 8 countries (+ Russia associated)

Duration 2010 - 2013

The project is partly financed by the European Union -European Regional Development Fund

Finnish example, based on outcomes of Baltic Manure -project

• The amount of manure P

(2011):

• 17.5 Mkg produced in Finland

• 42 % of manure P is produced in Ostrobothnia region


in Ostrobothnia region

• Fur animals, cattle and pigs

• 17 % of manure P is produced in southwestern Finland

• Pigs, poultry

Finnish example, based on outcomes ofBaltic Manure -project

• P status in soils (2011):

• ca. 49 % of the analyzed soil samples had such STP values that P fertilization is unlikely to produce any yield response


produce any yield response (cereals and grasses)

• Manure P sufficiency:

• Manure P would be enough iffertilized according to plantneed (+0.3 kg/ha)

• Uneven distribution

�Need of manure P

transportation

Finnish example, based on outcomes of Baltic Manure -project


transportation

�Processing technologies

• MTT Report 124: (http://www.mtt.fi/mttraportti/pdf/mttraportti124.pdf)

• Contact: [email protected],

[email protected]

Finnish example, based on outcomes of Baltic Manure project

�Need for economically viable processing and

transport of manure and sewage sludge based P

• Quality and usability of the end-products?

• Establishment of markets for recycled fertilizers

• No adequate information about feasibility of novel technologies


• Legislation and regulatory issues may confuse entrepreneurs

• Enhancement of adoption of such methods needed (business models)

• Development of norms in agro-environmental schemes and legislation

• Motivates to develop technological solutions

Finnish normative manure

• A calculation system for average manure in Finland based on

• Feeding and excretion of the animals

• Solutions in housing and storage

• Emissions along the manure management chain

• Calculated for different manure types

• Slurry, dung&urine, farmyard manure, deep litter

• Manure ex animal, ex housing and ex storage


• Manure ex animal, ex housing and ex storage

• To be used as an integral databank in

• Policy making

• Emission inventories

• Research & Development

• Environmental permitting, manure fertilising

• A two-year project by MTT (coord.) and Finnish EnvironmentInstitute SYKE, funded by Ministry of the Environment

• Contact: [email protected]

Farm surveys: manure management

• A large survey for all animal farms November 2013

• Questions about all steps in the manure management chain

• Previously studied about 1980

• Separate surveys to stables and fur farms 2014

• Little replies in the large survey; simplified and shorter version

• Already in use


• Already in use

• National emission inventories for GHGs and ammonia

• National requirements for manure storage capacity (to be part of national Nitrate decree)

• Needed in all work related to developing manure management

• The starting point: where are we now, how can we improve

• Conducted by MTT and SYKE, funded by Ministry of the Environment and Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry


From manure data to action

• Pilotting manure processing + manure acidification

• Simple farm-scale biogas plant using the existing structures (e.g. storages to digesters, conversion of boiler from oil to biogas)

• Profitability, guidelines for operation, environmental impacts

• Implementation concept for mobile centrifuge (slurry separation on farms) and centralised biogas plant with post-processing of digestate

• Potential to redistribute nutrients, profitability to farms and plant, environmental impacts

• Acidification of pig slurry under Finnish conditions


• Acidification of pig slurry under Finnish conditions• First ever test runs in Finland

• Environmental impacts

• Knowledge transfer from research to farmers

• Conducted by MTT (coord.), SYKE + two SMEs (Koneta & Biovakka Finland), funded by Ministry of the Environment


Sewage sludge as a P source?

• Spatially concentrated around the cities/biogas plants

• The use in Finnish agriculture is minimal (<10 %)

• Most of it is used in landscaping


• Factors hindering more efficient recycling of sludges

• Possible organic contaminants, farmers are reluctant to use

• Bioaccumulation into the soil and food chain?

• Low plant-availability of sewage sludge based P

• Use of Al/Fe –precipitation chemicals

Recovering phosphorus from sewagesludge to fertilizer (PRecover)

- Aims:-To increase the plant-availability of sludge based P (VTT)-To develop feasible methods to test the plant availability of P (MTT)

1: No P additions

2: Sewage sludge A3: Sewage sludge B

4: composted sewage sludge

P fertilization effect on soil with low STP value


1 2 3 4 5 6

4: composted sewage sludge

5: Lime stabilized sewage sludge6: Inorganic P fertilizer

Contact: [email protected]

The main funding from the Finnish Ministry of Agricultureand Forestry

Phosphorus recycling of mixed substances(PROMISE)• Duration: 1.4.2014 – 31.3.2017

• Budget ca. 0.5 M€

• Partners


• Partners• MTT Agrifood Research Finland (MTT, coordinator)• Julius-Kühn Institut (JKI, Germany)

• National Veterinary Institute (SVA, Sweden)

• Outotec Gmbh & Co. KG (Germany)

• Receives funding from BONUS (Art 185), funded jointly from the European Union’s Seventh Programme for research, technologicaldevelopment and demonstration, and from Baltic Sea national fundinginstitutions.

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Phosphorus recycling of mixed substances(PROMISE)

• Assess the contamination of recycled P-rich by-productswith heavy metals, antibiotics and pathogens

• Assess the P-efficiency of the recycled products


• Apply cutting-edge technology (mono-incineration + AshDec –process) to produce a safe fetilizer product

�Could it be a one possible solution?

Potential of sewage sludge phosphorus in plant production and impacts on environment and food chain (PProduct, submitted national application)

• The aims:

• To study the long-term fertilizing effect of sludge based P

(digested, composted and pyrolysed sludge)

• To study the concentrations of selected hazardous substancesand pharmaceutical residues and their possible accumulation to food chain.


food chain.

• Planned:

• Duration: 1.1.2015 – 31.12.2017

• Budget: 821 000 €

• Funding from the Finnish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and

several stakeholders

• Partners:

• MTT Agrifood Research Finland

• Finnish Environment Institute

• Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira

Contact: [email protected]

BALTIC PHOENIX - “Sustainable recovery and recycling of nutrients – safety and efficacy for clear Baltic waters”, a proposal under preparation

• Status:

• Proposal for Interreg Baltic Sea Region, Call opening at 2.12.2014

• Two seed-money project were merged to gain synergy

• CircuNuts, Sustainable recovery and recycling of nutrients – safety

and efficacy (Priority Area Agri)

• Baltic P, Tightening the Phosphorus cycle for a more sustainable


• Baltic P, Tightening the Phosphorus cycle for a more sustainable Bioeconomy in the Baltic Sea Region (Nordic Council of Ministers)

• Partners

• MTT Finland (Coordinator), UCHP Denmark, POMInnO Ltd.

Poland, BSAG Finland, AU Denmark, SEI Tallinn Estonia, SEI Stockholm Sweden

• Interest groups inc. SME’s, NGO´s, politicians, etc. identified,

contacted and discussed with (=perspectives exploited in the planning phase)

• Next meeting with WP leaders at 11.12.2014 Copenhagen

• More information: [email protected], [email protected]

BALTIC PHOENIX - “Sustainable recovery and recycling of nutrients – safety and efficacy for clear Baltic waters”

• Aims:

• to effectively improve the nutrient recirculation in the BSR, thus avoiding the accumulation of nutrients into the environment and agricultural soils, and reducing the need for imported nutrients

• Development and implementation of nutrient recycling


• Development and implementation of nutrient recycling technologies

• Establishment of markets for recycled fertilizers

• Cross-sectoral dialogue to realize sustainable use of urban and agricultural nutrient-rich biomasses

� excessive soil nutrient content will be mitigated (hot spot

areas), nutrient leaching is reduced permanently and hence,

the quality of the of the Baltic Sea will be improved

BALTIC PHOENIX - “Sustainable recovery and recycling of nutrients – safety and efficacy for clear Baltic waters”

• Main activities: • Development of a decision support tool for nutrient recycling with

emphasis on phosphorus stock and flows

• Utilizing the results from past BSR projects (e.g. Baltic Manure)

• Research and demonstrations on nutrient recovery technologies,

including


• quality of the recycled fertilizer products

• end-user acceptability/attitudes towards these products

• Establishment of marketability criteria for recycled fertilizers

• Enhancement of markets for recycled fertilizers (and technologies)

• Exploration of effects of EU-legislation on new business possibilities

• Effective dissemination and encouragement of stakeholders in order to

enhance nutrient recycling and development of sustainable bioeconomyin the Baltic Sea Region

Thank You for

your attention!

19.11.2014

your attention!

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