environmental impact assessment study for “beach...

Environment Impact Assessment Report Beach Resort, Sindhudurg, Maharashtra

i

EIA REPORT

Prepared by:

SENES Consultants India Pvt. Ltd.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

STUDY FOR “BEACH RESORT PROJECT” AT

SAGARTIRATH VILLAGE,

DIST. SINDHUDURG, MAHARASHTRA


ii

INFORMATION ABOUT EIA CONSULTANTS

Brief Company Profile

This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report has been prepared by SENES Consultants

India Pvt. Ltd.

SENES India, incorporated under the Companies Act 1956 (No. 1 of 1956), has been operating in the

county for more than 10 years and holds expertise in conducting Environmental Impact Assessments,

Social Impact Assessments, EHS Compliance Audits, Design and Planning of Solid Waste Management

Facilities and Carbon Advisory Services.

The location of SENES offices in India are given below.

Noida (Head office):

1st Floor, Tower B, Logix Techno Park,

Plot No. 5, Sector – 127, Noida Uttar

Pradesh -201301

Tel: +91-020-4368400

Fax: +91-020-4368401

Mumbai:

711, Mayuresh Cosmos

Plot No. 37, Sector 11

CBD, Mumbai – 400614

Tel: +91-22-27576298

Fax: +91-22-27564781

Kolkata :

MBL House, DD-18/8

5th Floor, Sector-1 Salt lake City

Kolkata – 700064

Tel: +91-33-23598070

Fax: +91-33-23598072

Hyderabad:

305, Third Floor,

12-13-97, Tata Tycoon Tarnaka

Hyderabad – 500017

Tel: +91-40-40180801

Fax: +91-40-40180802

QCI/NABET Accreditation Status

As on date, SENES has been granted accreditation by the Quality Council of India / National

Accreditation Board for Education & Training (QCI / NABET) in 14 sectors vide Certificate No.

NABET/EIA/1013/043.


iii

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................. 1-1

1.1 Project ............................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.2 Project Need and its Significance ....................................................................................... 1-1

1.3 Objectives of the EIA Study ............................................................................................... 1-1

1.4 Scope of the Study ............................................................................................................. 1-2

1.5 EIA Methodology .............................................................................................................. 1-2

1.6 Structure of the EIA Report ................................................................................................ 1-3

CHAPTER 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................... 2-1

2.1 Project detail ...................................................................................................................... 2-1

2.2 Site Selection Criteria ........................................................................................................ 2-1

2.3 Nature and Size of the Project ............................................................................................ 2-1

2.4 Project Site Location .......................................................................................................... 2-2

2.5 Site Connectivity ............................................................................................................... 2-4

2.6 Site Surrounding features ................................................................................................... 2-4

2.7 project site and site surrounding Photographs ..................................................................... 2-4

2.7.1 Land Use Distribution and Area Statement ............................................................................. 2-4

2.7.2 Population Details .................................................................................................................. 2-6

2.8 Utilities Proposed during Construction and Operation Phase .............................................. 2-7

2.8.1 Water Requirement and Supply .............................................................................................. 2-7

2.8.2 Sewage System ...................................................................................................................... 2-8

2.8.3 Details of Proposed STP (375 KLD)....................................................................................... 2-8

2.8.4 System Design (STP Capacity – 375 KLD) .......................................................................... 2-10

2.8.5 Rainwater Harvesting System ............................................................................................... 2-13

2.8.6 Power Requirement and Supply............................................................................................ 2-13

2.8.7 Parking 2-14

2.8.8 Municipal Solid Waste Management .................................................................................... 2-14

2.8.9 E-Waste Management .......................................................................................................... 2-14

2.8.10 Sewage Sludge ..................................................................................................................... 2-14

2.8.11 Landscape Development ...................................................................................................... 2-14

2.8.12 Energy Conservation Measures ............................................................................................ 2-14

2.8.13 Fire Safety Facilities ............................................................................................................ 2-14

2.8.14 Building Materials and Technologies for Construction ......................................................... 2-15

2.8.15 Construction Period & Schedule ........................................................................................... 2-15

2.8.16 Project Cost ......................................................................................................................... 2-15

CHAPTER 3. LEGAL & ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK............................................ 3-16


iv

3.1 Environmental Policies .................................................................................................... 3-16

3.2 Legal Provisions for Environment Related to Building and Construction Projects ............. 3-16

3.2.1 Ministry of Environment & Forests ...................................................................................... 3-17

3.2.2 Maharashtra State Pollution Control Boards ......................................................................... 3-17

3.2.3 Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) ....................................................................... 3-18

3.3 Siting of Projects.............................................................................................................. 3-20

3.3.1 Environmental Clearance of Developmental Projects ............................................................ 3-21

3.1 Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification (amended in 2011) ...................................... 3-22

3.2 Usage of Water & Water Pollution ................................................................................... 3-23

3.3 Air Quality....................................................................................................................... 3-23

3.4 Noise Level ..................................................................................................................... 3-24

3.5 Solid and Hazardous Waste Management ......................................................................... 3-24

3.6 Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA) Notification.................................................... 3-25

3.7 Operation of Motor Vehicles ............................................................................................ 3-25

CHAPTER 4. BASELINE ENVIRONMENT STATUS......................................................... 4-26

4.1.1 Land Environment ............................................................................................................... 4-26

4.2 Air Environment .............................................................................................................. 4-27

4.2.1 Meteorology ........................................................................................................................ 4-27

4.3 Noise Environment .......................................................................................................... 4-33

4.4 Traffic Pattern and Density .............................................................................................. 4-35

4.5 Soil .................................................................................................................................. 4-36

4.6 Water environment .......................................................................................................... 4-37

4.6.1 Ground Water Scenario of the district ................................................................................... 4-37

4.7 Ecology ........................................................................................................................... 4-41

Terrestrial Ecosystem ..................................................................................................................... 4-44

4.8 Forest .............................................................................................................................. 4-50

4.9 Scrub forest ..................................................................................................................... 4-50

4.10 Plantation and Orchards ................................................................................................... 4-50

4.11 Socio Economic Environment .......................................................................................... 4-52

4.12 General Socio-Economic Profile ...................................................................................... 4-52

4.12.1 Demographic Profile ............................................................................................................ 4-53

4.12.2 Education & Literacy ........................................................................................................... 4-54

4.12.3 Economic Activity & Livelihood Pattern .............................................................................. 4-54

4.12.4 Socioeconomic Infrastructure ............................................................................................... 4-55

CHAPTER 5. POLLUTION SOURCES, IMPACT PREDICTION & IMPACT ASSESSMENT5-57

5.1 Pollution Sources ............................................................................................................. 5-57

5.2 Impact Prediction and Impact Assessment ........................................................................ 5-58


v

5.3 Impact on Physical Environment ..................................................................................... 5-60

5.3.1 Impact on Physical Environment during Pre-Construction Phase .......................................... 5-60

5.3.2 Impact on Physical Environment during Construction Phase ................................................. 5-60

5.4 Impact on Air Environment .............................................................................................. 5-61

5.4.1 Impact on Air Environment during Pre- construction Phase .................................................. 5-61

5.4.2 Impact on Air Environment during Construction Phase ........................................................ 5-61

5.5 Impact on Noise Environment .......................................................................................... 5-67

5.5.1 Impact on Noise Environment during Pre-construction ......................................................... 5-67

5.5.2 Impact on Noise Environment during Construction and Operation Phase .............................. 5-67

5.6 Impact on Water Environment ......................................................................................... 5-71

5.6.1 Impact on Water Environment during Construction Phase .................................................... 5-71

5.6.2 Impact on Water Environment during Operation Phase ......................................................... 5-72

5.7 Impact on Land Environment ........................................................................................... 5-74

5.7.1 Impact on Land Environment during Construction Phase ...................................................... 5-74

5.7.2 Impact on Land Environment during Operation Phase .......................................................... 5-75

5.8 Impact on Ecological Environment .................................................................................. 5-77

5.8.1 Impact on Ecological Environment during Construction Phase ............................................. 5-77

5.8.2 Impact on Ecological Environment during Operation Phase .................................................. 5-78

5.9 Impact on Socio-Economic Environment ......................................................................... 5-78

5.9.1 Impact on Socio-Economic Environment During Construction Phase .................................. 5-78

5.9.2 Impact on Socio-Economic Environment during Operation Phase........................................ 5-78

5.10 Impact on Historical, Archaeological and Architectural Sites ........................................... 5-79

5.11 Summary of impacts ........................................................................................................ 5-79

CHAPTER 6. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ............................................... 6-83

6.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 6-83

6.2 Capacity Building for EMP Implementation ..................................................................... 6-83

6.3 Implement Arrangements for EMP ................................................................................... 6-83

6.4 Environmental Management Plan Matrix ......................................................................... 6-83

6.5 EMP for Air Environment ................................................................................................ 6-95

6.5.1 Site Preparation .................................................................................................................... 6-95

6.5.2 Noise Environment .............................................................................................................. 6-96

6.5.3 Construction Material Management ...................................................................................... 6-96

6.5.4 Vehicle Emission Controls and Alternatives ......................................................................... 6-97

6.6 EMP for Noise Environment ............................................................................................ 6-98

6.6.1 Construction Phase ............................................................................................................... 6-98

6.6.2 Operation Phase ................................................................................................................... 6-99


vi

6.7 EMP for Water Environment ............................................................................................ 6-99

6.7.1 Construction Phase ............................................................................................................... 6-99

6.7.2 Operation Phase ................................................................................................................... 6-99

6.8 EMP for Land Environment ........................................................................................... 6-104

6.8.1 Construction Debris ........................................................................................................... 6-104

6.8.2 Waste due to construction workers & Biomass .................................................................. 6-104

6.8.3 Topsoil Management .......................................................................................................... 6-104

6.8.4 Solid Waste Management ................................................................................................... 6-105

6.9 EMP for E-Waste Management ...................................................................................... 6-105

6.10 EMP for Ecological Environment ................................................................................... 6-105

6.10.1 Construction Phase ............................................................................................................. 6-105

6.10.2 Operational Phase .............................................................................................................. 6-105

6.10.3 Green Belt Plan .................................................................................................................. 6-106

6.10.4 Greenbelt Design for Site ................................................................................................... 6-107

6.11 EMP for Socio-economic Environment .......................................................................... 6-107

6.11.1 Mitigative Measures ........................................................................................................... 6-107

6.12 EMP for Energy Conservation ....................................................................................... 6-107

6.13 Electrical Hazardous and Safety Measure Plan ............................................................... 6-109

6.14 Fire Fighting Management ............................................................................................. 6-112

6.15 Health , Safety and Welfare Plan .................................................................................... 6-113

6.15.1 Fixation of Hours of Work and Interval of Rest & Spread Over .......................................... 6-113

6.15.2 Weekly rest, payment of work dones on the day of rest at overtime rate, etc. ...................... 6-113

6.15.3 Notice of Wage Period ....................................................................................................... 6-113

6.15.4 Accommodation ................................................................................................................. 6-113

6.15.5 Latrine and Urinal .............................................................................................................. 6-113

6.15.6 Medical Facilities ............................................................................................................... 6-114

6.15.7 Emergency Care Services or Emergency Treatment ............................................................ 6-115

6.15.8 Safety Measures ................................................................................................................. 6-115

CHAPTER 7. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ................................................ 7-116

7.1 General .......................................................................................................................... 7-116

7.2 Objectives of Environmental Monitoring Plan ................................................................ 7-116

4.7 Suggested Environmental Monitoring Plan ..................................................................... 7-116

7.2.1 Data Analysis ..................................................................................................................... 7-119

7.2.2 Reporting Schedule ............................................................................................................ 7-119

7.2.3 Emergency Procedures/Corrective Measures ...................................................................... 7-119

CHAPTER 8. Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Plan ........................................... 8-120


vii

8.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 8-120

8.2 Risk Assessment during the construction phase .............................................................. 8-120

8.3 risk assessment during the operation phase ..................................................................... 8-120

8.3.1 History of Disaster in Sindhudurg District .......................................................................... 8-120

8.4 Disaster Management Plan for Construction Phase ......................................................... 8-121

8.5 Disaster Management Plan for Operation Phase ............................................................. 8-122

8.5.1 On Site Emergency Management Plan ................................................................................ 8-122

8.5.1.1 Earthquake ........................................................................................................... 8-122

8.5.1.2 Fire ...................................................................................................................... 8-123

8.6 Key Persons and Responsibilities ................................................................................... 8-125

8.7 Emergency Preparedness................................................................................................ 8-127

8.8 Emergency Management Procedure ............................................................................... 8-127

8.9 Off-Site Emergency Preparedness Plan .......................................................................... 8-128

8.10 Management Frameworks and Conclusion ..................................................................... 8-129

8.10.1 Coordination with Concerned Authorities ........................................................................... 8-130

CHAPTER 9. CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT RESPONSIBILITY .................................. 9-131

9.1 Environment Policy ....................................................................................................... 9-131

9.2 Standard Operating Procedures ...................................................................................... 9-131

9.3 Hierarchical System of the Organization ........................................................................ 9-131

9.4 Reporting Mechanism of Non-Compliance ..................................................................... 9-132


viii

List of Table

Table 2.1 : Land Details.................................................................................................................. 2-2

Table 2.2 : Project Details............................................................................................................... 2-5

Table 2.3 : Population Details ......................................................................................................... 2-6

Table 2.4 : Water Demand .............................................................................................................. 2-7

Table 2.5 : Details Break-up of Water Requirement ........................................................................ 2-7

Table 2.6 : Wastewater Generation ................................................................................................. 2-8

Table 2.7 : Power Demand of the Proposed Project ....................................................................... 2-13

Table 2.8 : Provided Parking Details ............................................................................................ 2-14

Table 2.9 : Construction Materials to be used for Proposed Project ............................................... 2-15

Table 3.1 Summary of Environmental Legislation concerning Proposed Project............................ 3-19

Table 4.1: Landuse Within 10 km from the Project Site ................................................................ 4-26

Table 4.2: Climatological Table of Vengurla Taluka ..................................................................... 4-27

Table 4.3 Climatological Data ...................................................................................................... 4-28

Table 4.4 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations ................................................................... 4-28

Table 4.5 Ambient Air Quality Results AQ1- Project Site ............................................................. 4-29

Table 4.6 Ambient Air Quality Results AQ2- Mochemad Village ................................................. 4-29

Table 4.7 Ambient Air Quality Results AQ3- Naichiaad Village ................................................... 4-29

Table 4.8 Ambient Air Quality Results AQ4- Shiroda Village ...................................................... 4-29

Table 4.9 Ambient Air Quality Results AQ5- Velagar Village ...................................................... 4-30

Table 4.10 Baseline Air Quality – PM10 ........................................................................................ 4-30

Table 4.11 Baseline Air Quality – PM2.5 ....................................................................................... 4-31

Table 4.12 Baseline Air Quality – SO2 .......................................................................................... 4-31

Table 4.13 Baseline Air Quality –NOx .......................................................................................... 4-32

Table 4.14 Baseline Air Quality – CO........................................................................................... 4-33

Table 4.15 Noise Monitoring Locations ........................................................................................ 4-33

Table 4.16 Monitoring Results – Noise ......................................................................................... 4-34

Table 4.17 Ambiant Noise Quality Standards ................................................................................ 4-34

Table 4.18 Traffic Statistics of studied roads................................................................................. 4-35

Table 4.19 Soil Sampling Locations ............................................................................................. 4-36

Table 4.20 Soil Sampling Results ................................................................................................. 4-36


ix

Table 4.21 Water Sampling Locations .......................................................................................... 4-40

Table 4.22 Water Sampling Locations – Ground Water................................................................. 4-40

Table 4.23 Water Sampling Locations – Surface Water................................................................. 4-41

Table 4.24 Site flora of Proposed Project ...................................................................................... 4-44

Table 4.25 Site Avifauna .............................................................................................................. 4-46

Table 4.31 Reptilian fauna of the Site ........................................................................................... 4-48

Table 4.32 Butterfly Species ......................................................................................................... 4-49

Table 4.28 Local distribution of plant species .............................................................................. 4-51

Table 4.29 Scheduled Animal Species In The Study Area ............................................................. 4-51

Table 4.30 List of Villages Selected for Socio-economic Profiling ................................................ 4-53

Table 4.31 demographic profile of the study area villages ............................................................. 4-53

Table 4.32 schedule caste and schedule tribes of study area villages .............................................. 4-54

Table 4.33 Literacy profile of the study area villages .................................................................... 4-54

Table 4.34 workforce participation for study area villages............................................................. 4-55

Table 4.35 basic amenities in the study area .................................................................................. 4-56

Table 5.1 Potential Pollutant Sources & Characteristics ................................................................ 5-57

Table 5.2 Identification of potential Impacts During Construction & Operation Phase ................... 5-59

Table 5.3 DG Set Specification ..................................................................................................... 5-63

Table 5.4 maximum Ground Level SO2 (µg/m3) Concentration (24 hourly Averaged) due to DG sets5-63

Table 5.5 maximum Ground Level NOx (µg/m3) Concentration (24 hours Averaged) due to DG sets5-64

Table 5.6 maximum Ground Level PM10 Concentration (µg/m3) ................................................... 5-65

Table 5.7 maximum Ground Level CO (µg/m3) Concentration (1 hours Averaged) in due to DG set5-66

Table 5.8: Noise levels Generated from Construction Equipment .................................................. 5-67

Table 5.9: Ultimate Water Requirements for Proposed Project ...................................................... 5-72

Table 5.10: Standards for Effluent Disposal .................................................................................. 5-73

Table 5.11: Expected Solid Waste Generation............................................................................... 5-76

Table 5.12 Summary Matrix of Predicted Impacts due to Proposed Project .................................. 5-80

Table 6.1 : Environnemental Management Plan Matrix ................................................................. 6-85

Table 6.2 Standards for Occupational Exposure ............................................................................ 6-98

Table 7.1: Recommended Environmental Monitoring Plan ......................................................... 7-117

Table 7.2: APPLICABLE STANDARDS FOR DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS .......... 7-119


x

List of Figures

Figure 1-1: EIA Methodology ......................................................................................................... 1-2

Figure 2.1 Location of the Project Site on District Map ................................................................... 2-3

Figure 2.2 Location of the Project Site on Google image ................................................................. 2-3

Figure 2.3 Photographs - Site and Surrounding Features ................................................................. 2-4

Figure 4.1 PM10 Level Comparison at 5 Locations ........................................................................ 4-30

Figure 4.2 PM2.5 Level Comparison at 5 Locations ....................................................................... 4-31

Figure 4.3 SO2 Level Comparisons at 5 Locations ........................................................................ 4-32

Figure 4.4 NOx Level Comparison at 5 Locations ......................................................................... 4-32

Figure 4.5 CO Level Comparison at 5 Locations ........................................................................... 4-33

Figure 4.6 Day Time Noise Level Comparison at 3 Locations ....................................................... 4-35

Figure 4.7 Day Time Noise Level Comparison at 3 Locations ....................................................... 4-35

Figure 4.8 Traffic Flow Comparison at 2 Locations ...................................................................... 4-36

Figure 4.9 Depth to Water Level During Pre-Monsoon and Post Monsoon .................................... 4-39

Figure 5.1 Spatial Distribution of 24 hours averaged SO2 GLC (µg/m3) due to DG Sets ............... 5-64

Figure 5.2 Spatial variation of 24 hours averaged NOx GLC (µg/m3) due to ................................. 5-65

Figure 5.3 Spatial Distribution of 24 hours averaged PM10 GLC (µg/m3) due to ........................... 5-66

Figure 5.4 Spatial Distribution of 8 hours averaged CO GLC (µg/m3) due to ................................ 5-67

Figure 5.5 Spatial Variation of Incremental Noise Level during Construction Phase without Control5-69

Figure 5.6 Spatial Variation of Incremental Noise Level during Operation Phase without Control ... 5-70

Figure 6.1: EMP Implémentation Chart ........................................................................................ 6-84

Figure 6.2 MBR Configuration ................................................................................................... 6-102

Figure 9.1 Hierarchical System of the Organisation .................................................................... 9-132

Figure 9.2 Reporting Mechanism of Non-Compliance............................................................... 9-132

Environment Impact Assessment Report Beach Resort Project, Sindhudurg, Maharashtra

1-1 Introduction

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 PROJECT

M/s. Elite Township Pvt. Ltd. intends to develop a Beach Resort Project at Sagartirth encompassing

three villages Sagartirth, Tank & Temb in Taluka Vengurla, Sindhudurg District in Maharashtra.

The proposed project comprises of a resort comprised of guest rooms, suites, villas, public areas and

amenities. The proposed development is basically a Beach Resort project and falls under CRZ-III

Category. The entire complex would be developed in an area of 219,084 m2, which comprises of a

resort including guest rooms, suites, villas, public areas and amenities. The total built-up area is

approximately 61,926.22 m2.

As per the EIA notification, 2006 and its subsequent amendments, proposed Beach Resort

development, having built up area of more than 20,000 sq.m but less than 1,50,000 sq.m is listed as

project/activity 8(a) under category ‘B2’– “Building and Construction Projects” and will require prior

environmental clearance from State territory level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) of

Maharashtra on submission of application documents (Form 1, Form 1A and Conceptual plan). In

addition to this, the proposed project site is strategically located near the seashore and is falling under

Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ)-III category and therefore require CRZ clearance under CRZ

Notification, 2011 of MoEF from the concerned authority of the state. In view of this, detailed

Environmental Impact Assessment report need to be prepared and submitted to the concerned

authority.

M/s. Elite Township Pvt. Ltd has retained M/s SENES Consultants India Private Limited to conduct

the Environmental Impact Assessment study for the proposed project.

1.2 PROJECT NEED AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE

The tourism industry in India is substantial and vibrant, and the country is quickly becoming a major

global destination. There are quite a few resorts operating in Sindhudurg area. This upcoming beach

resort will become a pleasant alternative with its unique location and facilities that it will provide. The

proposed project will lead to following benefits.

• Tourism is a growing industry; therefore there is need for more hospitality services. The

proposed resort aims at fulfilling the need to satisfy the tourism market through provision

of quality services and accommodation.

• Improvement in local area by providing additional employment opportunities to the

skilled as well as unskilled people;

• The planned development with modern infrastructure facilities would add-on to the local

aesthetics

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE EIA STUDY

The objectives of the EIA study are as follows:

• To describe the proposed project and associated works together with the requirements for

carrying out the proposed development;

• To identify and describe the elements of the community and environment likely to be

affected by the proposed developments;


1-2 Introduction

Project Scoping

Identify potential sources of

Impact

Predict consequences and

likelihood of Impact

Evaluate the significance

Investigate options for

mitigation

Prepare final EIA report

(Along with EMP and

DMP)

Inte

ract

ion

wit

h P

roje

ct P

rop

on

ents

C

on

sulta

tion

with

stak

ehold

ers

Ba

seli

ne S

tud

ies

( E

xis

tin

g d

ata

Coll

ecti

on

an

d n

ew s

urv

ey

s)

• To identify, predict and evaluate environmental and social impacts expected to arise

during the construction and operation phase of the project in relation to the sensitive

receptors;

• To identify the negative impacts and develop mitigation measures so as to minimize

pollution, environmental disturbance and nuisance during construction and operations of

the development; and

• To design and specify the monitoring requirements necessary to ensure the

implementation and the effectiveness of the mitigation measures adopted.

1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The study involves, detailed reconnaissance visit to the site to assess the existing environmental

baseline condition of the area, subsequent assessment of potential impact from the construction

activity and during the operation phase of the proposed development in order to suggest the necessary

mitigation measures, required to be taken for the protection of the environment. Apart from this,

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and Disaster Management Plan (DMP) will also be prepared

in order to prevent any hazard during construction and operation phase.

1.5 EIA METHODOLOGY

The EIA study for the proposed project has been carried out as per the EIA guidelines of the Ministry

of Environment and Forest (MoEF). The EIA methodology for the proposed project has been

described in Figure 1-1.

FIGURE 1-1: EIA METHODOLOGY


1-3 Introduction

1.6 STRUCTURE OF THE EIA REPORT

The EIA Report presents the existing baseline scenario, assessment and evaluation of the

environmental impacts that may arise during the construction and operation period.

The content of the remainder part of the report are as follows:

Chapter 2: Project Description

Chapter 3: Legal and Administrative framework

Chapter 4: Baseline Environmental status of project area

Chapter 5: Pollution Sources and Environment Impacts

Chapter 6: Environmental Management Plan

Chapter 7: Environmental Monitoring Plan

Chapter 8: Disaster Management Plan

Chapter 9: Corporate Environment Responsibility

Environmental Impact Assessment Report Beach Resort Project, Sindhudurg, Maharashtra

2-1 Project Description

CHAPTER 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 PROJECT DETAIL

M/s. Elite Township Pvt. Ltd. intends to develop a Beach Resort at Sagartirth encompassing three

villages Sagartirth, Tank & Temb in Taluka Vengurla, Sindhudurg District in Maharashtra.


amenities. The entire complex would be developed in an area of 219,084 m2, which comprises of a



The proposed development is located near the seashore and falls under Coastal Regulation Zone

(CRZ)-III Category. The CRZ map indicating the High Tide Line (HTL), Low Tide Line (LTL) &

CRZ boundaries lying at 200m and 500m specified by National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) is

enclosed as Annexure-2.1. The rapid marine environmental impact assessment study has also been

carried out by NIO for the above said development, the same is enclosed separately.

2.2 SITE SELECTION CRITERIA

The sitting of developmental projects in India is managed by Siting Guidelines for activities and

projects delineated by the Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF) and the Central Pollution

Control Board (CPCB). The overall purpose of the guideline is to aid proponents in judiciously

selecting project sites, keeping in mind various environmental sensitivities. However, the guidelines

for siting are not legally enforceable except for areas which are ecologically fragile (as notified by

certain specific notifications) or are located in the Coastal Regulation Zone as demarcated by the

Coastal Regulation Zone Notification, 1991 and subsequent amendments. Additionally, State

Governments sometimes formulate State wise Siting Guidelines for development planning.

The design brief places a strong emphasis on achieving a high level of environmental performance,

durability, and healthy indoor air quality through integrated design, best practices and emerging

technologies. For the proposed beach resort project, sustainability is integrated into all phases of the

design process using an integrated approach which balances social, economic, and environmental

factors.

2.3 NATURE AND SIZE OF THE PROJECT

The proposed Beach Resort will be developed in an area of 54.13 Acres i.e. 2,19,084 sq m, which

comprises of resort guest rooms, suites, villas, public areas and amenities.

The proposed project will be comprising of 160 Guest Rooms, 16 Suites (1BR), 2 Suites (2 BR), 29

Villas (3BR), 5 Villas (2 BR), banquet halls, restaurants and Spa. It will also have facility for parking.

Proper landscaping will also be done within the proposed site.

The project will also involve internal development of basic infrastructure such as internal roads,

power supply, water supply, sewer and storm water pipe network and waste management system.



2.4 PROJECT SITE LOCATION

The proposed project site is strategically located near the seashore & falls under CRZ-III Category.

The proposed development also comes under the T-5 category as per notification of Urban

Development Department Mantralaya, Mumbai dated 9th

July 1999. Project site is located at Village

Sagartirath in Aravali -Tak, Vengurla Taluka, Sindhudurg District of Maharashtra. The project site

adjoins Arabian Sea, being approximately 70 m away from shoreline. Site is approachable from

MSH4 Vengurla-Shiroda coastal highway on the east.

Land details for the proposed development is given in Table 2.1

TABLE 2.1 : LAND DETAILS

S.N. Village Survey No.

1. Sagartirath 2, HISSA no. 3 B

4, HISSA no. 1 & 3

2. Tank 16, HISSA no. 1/1 & 1/4

27, HISSA no. 1/2

3. Temb 15, HISSA no. 1/1 A

HISSA no. 1/2

The location of the proposed site on District Map and Google Map is given in Figure 2.1 and Figure

2.2 respectively.



FIGURE 2.1 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT SITE ON DISTRICT MAP

FIGURE 2.2 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT SITE ON GOOGLE IMAGE



2.5 SITE CONNECTIVITY

The connectivity of the site through air, roads and railway links is as follows:

Road – The site will be accessible by MSH4 Vengurla-Shiroda Road (Coastal Highway). The site is

located to the south of Vengurla town and southwest of Sawantwadi village at an approximate aerial

distance of ~8 km and ~22 km respectively.

Rail –– The site is well connected to the rail network through the railway main line and the nearest

railway station is Sawantwadi at a distance of about 17 Km towards the northeastern side of the site.

Air –The nearest airport is Goa Airport which is ~48 Km from the site towards SSE direction.

2.6 SITE SURROUNDING FEATURES

The proposed site is in the coastal plains and is slightly undulating. Slopes are towards the Western

side with variation (7 m) in the highest and lowest point. The site surroundings comprise of rural

setup and the land use in the surrounding area comprises of villages with residential set up. No

industrial area is observed in nearby vicinity. Many small scale hotels and resorts are seen adjoining

the coastal areas. The details of the site surrounding have been shown below in Figure 2.3

2.7 PROJECT SITE AND SITE SURROUNDING PHOTOGRAPHS

The photographs for site surrounding features are shown in Figure 2.3.

FIGURE 2.3 PHOTOGRAPHS - SITE AND SURROUNDING FEATURES

2.7.1 Land Use Distribution and Area Statement

The site layout diagram with all the activities is enclosed as Annexure 2.2. This illustrates the major

project components and their locations on the project site.



Land Use Distribution

The project will be developed on an area measuring 54.13 Acres. The project details, area statement

and FAR is given in Table 2.2 .

TABLE 2.2 : PROJECT DETAILS

Total Site Area 2, 19,084 sq.m.

FAR Permissible 72,300 sq.m

FAR (Sq. m) BUA (Sq.m)

GUEST ROOMS & SUITES

GUEST ROOMS 12634.08 14890.56

SUITES ONE BEDROOM 2454.80 2536.40

SUITES VILLA TWO BEDROOM 498.05 580.84

STAIRS AND CORRIDOR 2464.18 2464.18

TOTAL (A) 18051.11 20471.98

GUEST ROOMS & SUITES POOLS

ROOMS

3332

SUITES ONE BEDROOM

1136.11

SUITES TWO BEDROOM

132.71

TOTAL (B) - 4600.82

PUBLIC AREAS & AMENITIES

CULTURE CENTER RETAIL BLOCK 184.00 184.00

FRONT OF HOUSE 422.29 504.54

RESTAURANT #1 A.D.D 821.74 821.74

SPECIALTY RESTAURANT 464.53 464.53

LOBBY LOUNGE 98.00 98.00

SPA RECEPTION 726.26 780.10

SPA RESTAURANT 455.85 556.85

SPA TREATMENT ROOMS 430.63 500.0

MEETING AND BANQUETTING 1305.42 1573.43

BEACH RESTAURANT 254.72 300.65

KID'S ACTIVITY CENTER 130.49 165.49

BANQUETING RECEPTION 39.70 39.7

TOTAL (C) 5333.63 5989.02

TOTAL D=(A+B+C) 23384.74 31061.83

VILLA ZONE

TWO BED ROOM TYPE-A 287.83 343.15

TWO BED ROOM TYPE-B 587.79 669.42

THREE BED ROOM TYPE-A 362.76 426.37

THREE BED ROOM TYPE-B 12391.62 14467.32

THREE BED ROOM TYPE-C 753.59 826.38

CLUB 60.66 87.37

TOTAL (E) 14444.25 16820.01

VILLAS POOLS

TWO BED ROOM TYPE-A

151.13

TWO BED ROOM TYPE-B

368.39

THREE BED ROOM TYPE-A

89.49

THREE BED ROOM TYPE-B

3551.52



THREE BED ROOM TYPE-C

443.67

TOTAL (F) - 4604.20

TOTAL FOR VILLA ZONE G = (E+F) 14444.25 21424.21

GROSS TOTAL (D+G) 37828.99 52486.03

MEP ZONES/ ANCILLARY BUILDINGS

MEP ZONE 2319.70

i. BASEMENT 1847.40

ii. SUPER STRUCTURE 472.30

BOH ZONE 3411.00

STP 500.00

TOTAL FOR MEP ZONES/ ANCILLARY BUILDINGS (H) 6230.70

Other activity area free from FAR like balconies (I) 3209.48

GRAND TOTAL BUILT-UP AREA (D+G+H+I) 61926.22

2.7.2 Population Details

The population during construction & operation phase associated with the project is given in Table

2.3

TABLE 2.3 : POPULATION DETAILS

Construction Phase Approx. 500 Nos.

Operation Phase

Name of Space Total

Rooms

No. of

person/room

Total

Population

Rooms 160 2 320

Suites (1 BR) 16 2 32

Suites (2 BR) 2 4 8

Villa (2 BR) Type A 1 4 4

Villa (2 BR) Type B 4 4 16

Villa (3 BR) Type A 1 6 6

Villa (3 BR) Type B 26 6 156

Villa (3 BR) Type C 2 6 12

Employees & Staff 212 2.5 530

Visitors L.S 200

Banquet halls L.S 600

Restaurants L.S 400

SPA L.S 100

Total 2384



2.8 UTILITIES PROPOSED DURING CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION PHASE

The infrastructure facilities planned for the proposed project are highlighted in the following sub-

section.

2.8.1 Water Requirement and Supply

Water Requirement

During construction phase, water requirement is about 80 KLD (including construction activity &

domestic), considering ~ 500 labors, which will be deployed at the peak construction period. The

water requirement for the construction activities would be 55 KLD and domestic water requirement

for labors will be 25 KLD.

During the operation phase, the estimated total water demand for project is about ~791 KLD, out of

which ~ 496 KLD fresh water demand & ~295 will be met through treated water supply for

landscaping, flushing & partial HVAC cooling .The details of total water demand and its break up

have been discussed below in Table 2.4 and Table 2.5:

TABLE 2.4 : WATER DEMAND

TABLE 2.5 : DETAILS BREAK-UP OF WATER REQUIREMENT

S. No Details Quantity

1 Fresh 496 KLD 2 Reuse 295 KLD

Total 791 KLD

S.N. Details Quantity in KLD

1. Domestic Other Than Flushing 272

2. Flushing 48

3. HVAC cooling 78

4. Filter Back Wash 25

5. Swimming Pool and other Process Water Wash 55

6. landscaping 238

7. Water body 75

7.1 West Zone 20

7.2 East Zone 30

7.3 Pools of Villas Clusters 13

7.4 Villa Common Pools 7

7.5 SPA Pool 4

Total 791 KLD



Water Source

During the construction phase, tanker water supply will be used for fulfilling the water requirement.

During operation phase, water demand will be met primarily through municipal water supply system

and reuse of treated wastewater from STP.

In case of any abstraction of groundwater, due permission will be obtained from Central Ground

Water Authority (CGWA).

2.8.2 Sewage System

During construction phase, it is expected that 20 KLD of waste water will be generated from labor,

which will be disposed off in septic tanks. The waste water from septic tanks will be disposed through

mobile STP tankers.

During operation phase, the total wastewater generated from the project site will be 310 KLD. This

wastewater generated will be treated in an on-site sewage treatment plant based on Membrane Bio-

Reactor (MBR) process upto tertiary level having total design capacity of 375 KLD. The break-up of

wastewater generation and STP details is given in Table 2.6.

TABLE 2.6 : WASTEWATER GENERATION

S. No Details Quantity

1 Wastewater Generation 310 KLD 2 STP Design Capacity 375 KLD

2.8.3 Details of Proposed STP (375 KLD)

STP based on the Membrane Bio-Reactor (MBR) is a combination of Activated Sludge process

combined with absolute filtration (with Ultra Filtration). Bio-degradation is carried out due to the

presence and growth of microorganisms and suspended solids. These suspended solids and

microorganisms are separated from water by membrane unit.

Scheme process:

Raw sewage from various sources is subjected to following treatment to obtain the treated water

quality.

Bar screen Chamber

The raw sewage will be received at the inlet of the bar screen to trap any floating particles and debris.

Oil & Grease Trap and Equalization tank

A belt type oil skimmer and grease trap will be provided to remove the floating oil and grease. The oil

free effluent overflows to the collection cum equalization tank. The sewage generation is not uniform

and is subjected to fluctuation. Hence to maintain a constant flow and to homogenize the sewage

quality a suitable retention time is provided in the Equalization tank. Air mixing is also provided to

enhance the above process. Aeration tank is designed for average daily flow of 10 hrs retention. A

fine screen is placed in between to trap any sharp objects or small particles.



Aeration Tank (Process Tank/ Bio reactor)

The aeration system works on an extended aeration activated sludge process. The biological reaction

is sustained by maintaining a required level of MLSS 8000-10000mg/l in the aeration tank. The

generation of biomass reduces the incoming BOD and COD to greater than 95%. Oxygen transfer is

achieved by means of fine bubble diffusers placed at the bottom of the tank to transfer atmospheric

oxygen from air. The process aeration blowers are provided for the biological tank and ensure that

sufficient oxygen is available to maintain the biological process in the tank.

The mixed liquor containing the biomass overflows/ pumped from the aeration tank to the membrane

tank for removal of BOD. The MBR is basically a combination of Activated Sludge process combine

with absolute filtration (UF). The basic biological aeration system considered utilizes diffused

aeration to provide the required oxygen that will maintain the healthy biomass. The MBR produces

superior quality effluent through an innovative combination of immersed, low-pressure reinforced

hollow fiber ultra-filtration membranes and a suspended growth biological reactor. The reinforced

hollow fiber UF membranes replace the solids separation function of secondary clarifiers and the

polishing function of granular filter media that are found in conventional activated sludge systems. By

eliminating the need for sludge settling, MBR process can operate at mixed liquor suspended solids

(MLSS) concentrations in the range of 8,000 to 12,000 mg/L—three to five times greater than

conventional systems, resulting in plants that are significantly more compact than a conventional

plant.

Fewer processes, combined with highly automated, PLC operation makes plant operation less labor

intensive and much more straightforward. Plant operators are only required to perform regular

preventive maintenance on system pumps, blowers, and associated mechanical equipment to ensure

efficient biological processes and optimum membrane permeation.

General Quality of Sewage Inlet Characteristics

S.N. Particulars Details

1 Nature of Waste Sewage

2 pH 6.0-8.0

3 Suspended solid <0.1 mg/L

4 BOD 250-450 mg/L

5 COD 500-800 mg/L

6 TDS 400 mg/L

7 Oil & grease 10 mg/L

Quality of Treated Effluent


1 pH 6.5-8.5


3 BOD <5 mg/L

4 COD <30 mg/L

5 TDS <10 mg/L



2.8.4 System Design (STP Capacity – 375 KLD)

Designs of Screens

Flow to STP : 375 KLD

Average flow rate/Hr : 375 /24 = 15.625 cum/hr

Peaking Factor (maximum) : 2 Times

Peak Flow : 15.625 x 2 = 31.25 cum/hr

Desired Velocity Through : 0.8m/Sec

Bar Screen Chamber (V)

Area of Bar Screen

(Peaking Factor / (3600 x V) : 31.25 /(3600x0.8)=0.01085 Sq.m

Available the smelliest bar screen in the field is 0.6m x 0.5m to fixed in side the chamber.

Size of bars = 6mm

Spacing between bars = 8mm

No of Bars = 25 nos.

Grit Chamber

Daily expected flow in to the STP =375 Cum/day

STP operating hours = 24 Hrs

Daily Average Flow to STP =15.625 Cum/hr

Retention time IN EQT Tank =1/2 hr

Capacity required =15.625 X 0.5

= 7.8 cum

Assume SWD is =0.9 m (SWD )

Equalization Tank

Daily expected flow in to the STP =375 Cum/day


Daily Average Flow to STP =15.625 Cum/hr

Peak flow =15.625 x 1.5times = 23.45cum/hr

Retention time IN EQT Tank =6.0 hr

Capacity required =23.45 X 6 = 140.7 cum

Assume liquid depth is =2.0 m ( LD )

Effluent Transfer Pump

Daily Flow to STP =375 cum/day

Operation Period =24Hr

Flow Rate =15.625 cum/hr

Head =10mwc

Pump capacity selected 2 nos 8.0 cum/hr @ 10mwc



Aeration Tank

Flow regime : complete mix

Hydraulic retention time : 8 - 10 hours

MLSS : 8000 to 12000mg/l

F/M Ratio : 0.15 to 0.05

BOD removal percent : 90% to 98%

F/M = Influent Flow Rate x 0.45

MLSS

F/M = 375 x 0.45

8000

F/M = 0.02

F/M Ratio within the Range = 0.02

Assume liquid depth is = 3.5m

Permeate Tank

Daily Flow to STP =375cum/day

Flow Rate = 15.625 cum/hr

Retention time provided =10 hr

Volume of Permeate Tank =15.625 x 10

= 156cum

Assume liquid depth is =3.0 m (LD)

Surface area required = 52 SQM

Soft Water Tank

Daily Flow to STP = 375 cum/day

Flow Rate = 15.625 cum/hr

Retention time provided = 5 hr

Volume of Permeate Tank = 15.625 x 5

= 78.125 cum

Assume liquid depth is =3.0m (LD)

Surface area required =26.04 SQM

Air Requirements

i). For Aeration tank

Inlet BOD = 450 ppm

BOD Load = (Inlet BOD x Q)/1000 = (450 x375]/1000 = 168.75 Kg/Day

O2 Requirement = 2 kg/kg of BOD

Total OD req/day - BOD load removed x O2 req = 168.75 x 2 = 337.5 kg

Theoretical O2 req per hr = (Total O2 req/day)/Op hrs

= 337.5 /24 = 14.06 Kg of O2/Hr



Theoretical Air Req = Theoretical O2 req/Hr/(Density of air x % of O2 in

air)

= 14.06 / (1.2 x 0.23) =51 m3/hr

Actual Air Req = Theorectical air req / (alpha x beta x OTE)

= 51 / (0.65 x 0.95 x 0.18)

= 51 /

0.11115 = 459 cum/hr

Actual air requirement required in Aeration tank - 459 cum/hr

Say -460 cum/hr

Capacity of Air blowers selected 2 nos of 230 Cum/Hr @ 4.0MWC(2W+1S)

ii). For Equalization Tank

Daily expected flow in to the STP = 375 Cum/day


Daily Average Flow to STP = 15.625 Cum/hr

Peak flow =62.5 x1.5times =23.45cum/hr

Retention time IN EQT Tank =6.0 hr

Capacity required =23.45 X 6

= 140.7 cum

1 cum/hr per 1 cum of tank capacity = 140.7 cum/hr

Actual Air requirement required in EQT – 145 cum/hr

Capacity of Air blowers selected 2 nos of 145 Cum/Hr @ 4.0MWC (1W+1S)

Sludge Generation

Total Flow : 375 cum/day

Inlet BOD : 450 mg/l

Outlet BOD : 5 mg/l

BOD to be removed per day : 375 x (450-5)/1000

= 16.465 kgs/day

Sludge generation rate : 25-30% Total BOD to be removed

= 16.465 x 0.25

= 4.1 kgs/day

Suspended solids to be removed : (375 x 400)/1000

: 150 kgs/day

Total sludge to be removed : 4.1+150

= 154.1 kgs/day

Considering sludge density as 1.0 & 6-8% thickening

Total sludge to be removed /day : 154.1/0.06

= 2568.3 lit/day

: 2.6 cum/day



Sludge Management:

The sludge from tank is pumped using a screw pump in to a Filter press. The filter press is a liquid-

solid separation device which is used to reduce the volume and weight of slurry by separating the

liquid filtrate and solid cake. The filter press is opened and cake is discharged by gravity.

The dry cake from filter press is subjected to lime stabilization. Lime treatment controls the

environment needed for the growth of pathogens in bio-solids and converts sludge into a usable

product.

2.8.5 Rainwater Harvesting System

At the project site, use of rainwater recharging will be done through a rain water lagoon. The size of

rain water lagoon is about 10,000 sqm to recharge the entire runoff generated from the proposed

project. The detailed storm water management plan along with storm water layout has been discussed

below in chapter 6 of EMP under section 6.7.

2.8.6 Power Requirement and Supply

Power requirement has been estimated for both construction and operation phases.

During construction phase:-Power requirement during the construction phase would be 600 KVA

which will be met through DG sets.

The power requirement for the operation phase is estimated in terms of the total maximum demand

load, which is approximately 2956 kW and will be sourced from State Electricity Board i.e.

Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Co. Ltd . State electricity board shall provide 1 No.33 kV

HT power connection for the proposed resort which shall be terminated at the metering room. As per

State electricity board norms, metering room shall be located near entrance. HT Isolator shall be

provided near metering.

100% backup power will be supplied by 7 Nos. DG sets of 750 kVA (including one DG set standby)

capacity. Some critical loads such as emergency lighting, headed equipment of ELV systems etc. shall

be additionally backed up using UPS system.

HT Metering by the State Electricity Board shall be carried out in the metering room within the

premises as per local norms.

All electrical equipment and devices shall be suitable for coastal air environment.

The fuel consumption for 7 Nos. of DG sets has been calculated to be 1114 L/hr of HSD. The DG sets

will be installed with acoustic enclosures and adequate stack height as per the CPCB norms.

TABLE 2.7 : POWER DEMAND OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT

S. No Details Value

1 Total demand Load 2956 kW

2 Total Power Back-up 5250 kVA

3 DG Set Configuration 7 Nos. x 750 KVA



2.8.7 Parking

The project premises will have specialized parking facilities for smooth traffic movement. Surface

parking facilities will be provided for visitors and permanent population. The parking provisions are

given in Table 2.8.

TABLE 2.8 : PROVIDED PARKING DETAILS

S. No Details Parking Provided

1 Surface Parking 206 ECS

2 Bus Parking 2 Nos.

2.8.8 Municipal Solid Waste Management

About 1.3 TPD of MSW will be generated during the operation phase and will be handled as per the

Municipal Solid Waste Management & Handling Rules, 2000.

2.8.9 E-Waste Management

The generated e-waste from the proposed development will be stored at a warehouse to be setup

within site and will be sent to authorized recyclers or e-waste processing plants for treatment as per E-

Waste [Management & Handling] Rules, 2010.

2.8.10 Sewage Sludge

An approximately 2.6 cum /dayof sludge will be generated from the proposed development. The

sludge from STP will be used as manure in landscaping.

2.8.11 Landscape Development

The project will be so developed that approximately 1,34,029.04 sqm of area will be developed as

green belt development and softscape to mitigate air and noise pollution. The Landscape plan

showing the schedule of species for proposed beach resort project is shown in Figure 6.7 under

section 6.10.4 of EMP chapter

2.8.12 Energy Conservation Measures

In the Operational Phase, appropriate energy conservation measures & management plan will be

adopted in order to minimize the consumptions of non-renewable fuel. The detailed energy

conservation plan for the construction and operation phase have been discussed below in Chapter 6.

2.8.13 Fire Safety Facilities

Proper fire fighting system will be designed as per the provisions of National Building Code (NBC) of

India (SP 7: 1983 Part IV Amendment No. 3 of January 1997) and Fire Protection Manual issued by

Tariff Advisory Committee and the latest Indian and International standards/codes. The fire protection

system will cover the entire internal and external premises of the buildings.



Following systems are planned to be provided for the building:

• Wet riser cum down comer system

• Fire hydrants

• Automatic fire sprinkler system

• Portable Fire Extinguisher

The detailed Fire Fighting Management Plan has been discussed below in Chapter 6.

2.8.14 Building Materials and Technologies for Construction

The list of building material which will be used in the construction process of the proposed

development area are discussed in Table 2.9.

TABLE 2.9 : CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS TO BE USED FOR PROPOSED PROJECT

Name of Material Quantity Units

Concrete 42000 Cum

Reinforcement Grade 500 4000 MT

Aggregate 20 mm downward 46000 --

Coarse & sand 26000 cum

Brickwork 21000 cum

2.8.15 Construction Period & Schedule

The total construction period for the proposed development is approximately 3 years i.e. the

commissioning of the project will be at the end of December 2016.

2.8.16 Project Cost

Total cost of the proposed development is Rs. 297.6 crore including cost of land, construction, plant

machinery & other.


3-16 Legal & Administrative Framework

CHAPTER 3. LEGAL & ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

The 1972 United Nations (UN) Conference on Human Development at Stockholm influenced the

need for a well-developed legal mechanism to conserve resources, protect the environment and ensure

the health and well being of the people in India. Over the years, the Government of India has framed

several policies and promulgated number of Acts, Rules and Notifications aimed at management and

protection of the environment. As a result, our country now has a fairly comprehensive set of

environmental legislation aimed at ensuring that the development process meets the overall objective

of promoting sustainability in the long run.

Moreover, the Indian Constitution has also incorporated specific articles to address environmental

concerns through the 42nd Constitutional Amendment of 1976. As stated in the Constitution of India,

it is the duty of the state (Article 48 A) to ‘protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the

forests and wildlife of the country’. It imposes a duty on every citizen (Article 51 A) ‘to protect and

improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife’. Reference to the

environment has also been made in the Directive Principles of State Policy as well as the Fundamental

Rights.

3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES

Several environment policy statements have been formulated in the last few decades as a part of the

Government’s approach to integrate environmental and developmental aspects of planning. The

policies reflect a gradual shift in emphasis from pollution abatement and control to proactive and

voluntary approaches for pollution prevention in keeping with global paradigm shifts and trends in

environment management.

Following are some of the key policies that have been laid down by the Central Government:

• National Forest Policy, 1988;

• National Conservation Strategy and Policy Statement on Environment and

Development, 1992;

• Policy Statement on Abatement of Pollution, 1992.

• National Environmental policy, 2006

Despite these policy documents, a need for a comprehensive policy statement had been evident for

some time in order to infuse a common approach to the various sectoral and cross-sectoral,

approaches to environmental management. As a result, a National Environment Policy (NEP, 2006)

has been drawn up as a response to our national commitment to a clean environment, mandated in the

Constitution in Articles 48 A and 51 A (g), strengthened by judicial interpretation of Article 21. The

policy is still in draft form and addresses environmental concerns in all-developmental activities.

3.2 LEGAL PROVISIONS FOR ENVIRONMENT RELATED TO BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION

PROJECTS

The proposed project is governed by various Acts, Rules and Regulations set by Ministry of

Environment and Forests (MoEF) at the Central level and other regulatory agencies at the State and

local level. Various environmental standards, specifications and guidelines of Central Pollution

Control Board (CPCB) and State level agencies will also be applicable.

It is important to note that the Central government framed an ‘umbrella legislation’, called the

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 to broadly encompass and regulate an array of environmental



issues. The overall purpose of EPA is to establish an overall coherent policy and provide a basis for

the coordinated work of various government agencies with operational responsibility for the

environment and natural resources. This legislation also invests authorities with regulatory powers to

address specific issues affecting the environment. The Act does not allow any person to establish an

industry, operation or process that discharges or emits any environmental pollutants in excess of

standards prescribed under specific rules and notifications.

3.2.1 Ministry of Environment & Forests

In view of the growing importance of environmental affairs, the Government of India set up a

Department of Environment in November 1980 under the portfolio of the Prime Minister. The

Department, later renamed as the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) plays a pivotal role in

environmental management for sustained development and for all environmental matters in the country.

The major responsibilities of MoEF include:

• Environmental resource conservation and protection, including environmental

impact assessment of developmental projects;

• Co-ordination with the other ministries and agencies, voluntary organizations and

professional bodies on environmental action plans;

• Policy-planning;

• Promotion of research and development, manpower planning and training and

creation of environmental awareness;

• Liaison and coordination with international agencies involved in environmental

matters.

Developmental project proponents are also required to submit Environmental Impact

Statements/Assessments to establish that installing adequate pollution control and monitoring

equipment plan preventive measures, and that effluent discharged into the environment will not

exceed permissible levels. The MoEF appraises these statements/assessments and approves the project

from the environmental angle. The respective State Pollution Control Board is to give a No Objection

Certificate (NOC) before the EIA exercise is undertaken.

3.2.2 Maharashtra State Pollution Control Boards

The proposed project is located in Sindhudurg district of Maharashtra. Maharashtra Pollution Control

Board (MPCB) is implementing various environmental legislations in the state of Maharashtra,

mainly including Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, Air (Prevention and Control

of Pollution) Act, 1981, Water (Cess) Act, 1977 and some of the provisions under Environmental

(Protection) Act, 1986 and the rules framed there under like, Biomedical Waste (M&H) Rules, 1998,

Hazardous Waste (M&H) Rules, 2000, Municipal Solid Waste Rules, 2000 etc. MPCB is functioning

under the administrative control of Environment Department of Government of Maharashtra.

Some of the important functions of MPCB are:

• To plan comprehensive program for the prevention, control or abatement of pollution and

secure executions thereof

• To collect and disseminate information relating to pollution and the prevention, control or

abatement thereof,



• To inspect sewage or trade effluent treatment and disposal facilities, and air pollution control

systems and to review plans, specification or any other data relating to the treatment plants,

disposal systems and air pollution control systems in connection with the consent granted,

• Supporting and encouraging the developments in the fields of pollution control, waste recycle

reuse, eco-friendly practices etc.

• To educate and guide the entrepreneurs in improving environment by suggesting appropriate

pollution control technologies and techniques

• Creation of public awareness about the clean and healthy environment and attending the public

complaints regarding pollution.

3.2.3 Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC)

Commercial building sector in India is expanding rapidly at over 9% per year spurred largely by the

strong growth in the services sector. Electricity consumption in the commercial sector in India at

present accounts for about 8% of the total electricity supplied by the Electricity Utilities, and has been

growing annually at about 11-12%. This is mainly attributed to the increasing energy intensiveness of

newly constructed commercial buildings;

Several studies in the country have shown that energy efficiency is not getting adequate attention

when the new buildings are designed. Incorporation of energy efficiency provisions at the design

stage of the new buildings is critical and so will be made mandatory by Ministry of Power by 2012 for

all new buildings.– Better to be proactive than keeping in view the Energy Conservation Act 2001

(EC Act), Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) with technical support from USAID under its Energy

Conservation and Commercialization (ECO) Project, has developed Energy Conservation Building

Codes (ECBC) Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC)

ECBC, considering five climatic zones in India, sets the minimum energy performance standards for

large commercial buildings that have a connected load of 500 kW or greater or a contract demand of

600 k VA or more, having conditioned area of 1000 sq. m. or more. Annual energy consumption in

the conditioned commercial buildings in the country is estimated to be about 200 kWh or more per sq.

m of floor area. Electricity consumption in ECBC compliant buildings can be brought down to 120-

160 kWh per sq. m., showing energy saving potential of 20- 40 % depending on the hours of building

use during the day, climatic conditions, etc.

Ministry of Power, Government of India launched ECBC 2007 on 27 May 2007 for its

implementation in commercial buildings on voluntary basis all over India, with a view to make this

mandatory in the next couple of years depending upon the experience gained during the voluntary

period. ECBC encourages energy efficiency for all building components and systems such as building

envelope, lighting, heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), service water heating, and

electric power and motors within the building facilities, while enhancing the thermal and visual

comforts and productivity of the occupants

ECBC mandates/prescribes U-factor and R values of insulation assembly for five climatic zones in

India, Solar Heat Gain Coefficients and Visible Light Transmission levels for fenestration, energy

efficiency levels of air conditioning systems, and number of other parameters for ECBC compliance

in commercial buildings. In this context, good understanding of ECBC features and application of

several developed products and technologies could play an important role in improving energy

efficiency in the buildings, leading to energy cost savings for the building owners/users.



The Acts, Rules and Notifications applicable to environmental aspects of the construction and

operational phase of proposed project is summarized in Table 3.1 and briefly described in the

following sections.

TABLE 3.1 SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION CONCERNING PROPOSED PROJECT

Legislation Areas / Activities Covered

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

with Rules.

Overall Environment Protection

Compliance to environmental (Air, Water, Noise) Standards

issued under EPR

EIA Notification, 2006 in supersession

of 1994 notification

Building Construction Projects

Filling up of Form I and Form 1A for projects with ≥20000

sq.m and <1,50,000 sq.m. of built-up area for construction

projects.

CRZ Notification Coastal Regulation Zone Notification, 1991 and subsequent

amendments

Air (Prevention and Control of

Pollution) Act, 1981 with Rules.

Protection of Air Quality

Consent to Establish (CTE) for establishing and Consent to

Operate (CTO) for operating units/activities causing air

pollution like DG sets from SPCB

Compliance to National Ambient Air Quality Standard

Water (Prevention and Control of

Pollution) Act, 1974 with Rules.

Protection of Water Quality

Discharge of sewage from the site

Obtaining Consent to Establish (NOC) for establishing and

Consent to Operate (CTO) for operating units/activities

causing water pollution from SPCB

Water Cess Act, 1977 Paying Water Cess to Local Body for sourcing of domestic

water

Noise Pollution (Regulation and

Control) Rules, 2010, as amended

Compliance with Ambient Noise Standards in accordance to

land use of the area

Hazardous Waste (Management,

Handling and Transboundary

movement) Rules, 2009 (as amended)

Obtaining Authorization from SPCB for handling and

storing of hazardous waste like waste oil and lubricants.

Following guidance for handling and storing of such

hazardous waste

Manufacture, Storage and Import of

Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 2000 (as

amended)

Notifying regulatory authority (in this case, the State

Factories Inspectorate) of storage of hazardous substances

like LPG

Follow guidance on such storage, maintain updated MSDS,

submit annual Safety Report to authority

Prepare Onsite Emergency Plan

Motor Vehicles Act with Rules

Lay down restrictions for vehicles not having Pollution

Under Control Certificate (PUCC) or proper labeling to

enter premises

Petroleum Act with Rules 2000 Comply with guidance and safety measures for storage, and

transportation of petroleum substances within project area



Legislation Areas / Activities Covered

premises

Municipal Solid Waste (Management

and Handling) Rules, 2000

Management (Collection, Handling, Intermediate Storage)

of domestic waste from residences

State Groundwater Regulation

Conform to restriction for drawing of groundwater

Arrange for recharge through Rainwater Harvesting

Schemes (as applicable)

Siting Guidance Follow Siting Guidance as far as practicable

Avoid sites which are environmentally sensitive

3.3 SITING OF PROJECTS

The siting of developmental projects in India is managed by Siting Guidelines for activities and

projects delineated by the MoEF and the CPCB. The overall purpose of the guideline is to aid

proponents in judiciously selecting project sites, keeping in mind various environmental sensitivities.

However, the guidelines for siting are not legally enforceable except for areas which are ecologically

fragile (as notified by certain specific notifications) or are located in the Coastal Regulation Zone as

demarcated by the Coastal Regulation Zone Notification, 1991 and subsequent amendments.

Additionally, State Governments sometimes formulate State wide siting guidelines for development

planning.

As per the CRZ Notification, guidelines for development of beach resorts or hotels in the

designated areas of CRZ-III for occupation of tourist or visitors with prior approval of the

Ministry of Environment and Forests are discussed below:

I. Construction of beach resorts or hotels with prior approval of MoEF in designated areas of CRZ-

III for occupation of tourist or visitors shall be subject to the following conditions, namely:-

(a) The project proponent shall not undertake any construction within 200 metres in the landward

side of High Tide Line and within the area between Low Tide Line and High Tide Line;

(b) The proposed constructions shall be beyond the hazard line or 200mts from the High Tide Line

whichever is more;

(c) Live fencing and barbed wire fencing with vegetative cover may be allowed around private

properties subject to the condition that such fencing shall in no way hamper public access to the

beach;

(d) No flattening of sand dunes shall be carried out;

(e) No permanent structures for sports facilities shall be permitted except construction of goal posts,

net posts and lamp posts;

(f) Construction of basement may be allowed subject to the condition that no objection certification is

obtained from the State Ground Water Authority to the effect that such construction will not

adversely affect fee flow of groundwater in that area;

(g) The State Ground Water Authority shall take into consideration the guidelines issued by Central

Government before granting such no objection certificate;



(h) Though no construction is allowed in the no development zone for the purposes of calculation of

Floor Space Index, the area of entire plot including the portion which falls within the no

development zone shall be taken into account;

(i) The total plot size shall not be less than 0.4 hectares and the total covered area on all floors shall

not exceed 33 percent of the plot size i.e., the Floor Space Index shall not exceed 0.33 and the

open area shall be suitably landscaped with appropriate vegetal cover;

(j) The construction shall be consistent with the surrounding landscape and local architectural style;

(k) The overall height of construction upto the highest ridge of the roof, shall not exceed 9 metres and

the construction shall not be more than two floors (ground floor plus one upper floor);

(l) Groundwater shall not be tapped within 200metre of the High Tide Line; within the 200metre

500metre zone it can be tapped only with the concurrence of the Central or State Ground Water

Board;

(m) Extraction of sand, leveling or digging of sandy stretches except for structural foundation of

building, swimming pool shall not be permitted within 500metres of the High Tide Line; the

quality of treated effluents, solid wastes, emissions and noise levels and the like, from the project

area must conform to the standards laid down by the competent authorities including the Central

or State Pollution Control Board and under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986;

(o) Necessary arrangements for the treatment of the effluents and solid wastes must be made and it

must be ensured that the untreated effluents and solid wastes are not discharged into the water or

on the beach; and no effluent or solid waste shall be discharged on the beach;

(p) To allow public access to the beach, atleast a gap of 20metres width shall be provided between any

two hotels or beach resorts; and in no case shall gaps be less than 500metres apart; and

(q) If the project involves diversion of forestland for non-forest purposes, clearance as required under

the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 shall be obtained and the requirements of other Central and

State laws as applicable to the project shall be met with; and

(r) Approval of the State or Union territory Tourism Department shall be obtained.

II. In ecologically sensitive areas (such as marine parks, mangroves, coral reefs, breeding and

spawning grounds of fish, wildlife habitats and such other area as may be notified by the Central

or State Government Union territories) construction of beach resorts or hotels shall not be

permitted.

3.3.1 Environmental Clearance of Developmental Projects

The requirement involved in the setting up of select development projects (projects with potential to

cause significant environmental impacts) in India is through the Environmental Clearance (EC)

Process affected on the basis of an Environmental Impact Assessment study/filling up of necessary

forms. The EC process is mandated by the EIA notification dated September 14, 2006 and is

administered by the State level regulatory and government bodies (as the State Pollution Control

Board and the Environment Departments) and the Ministry of Environment and Forests (until

formation of committee as mandated by EIA notification of September 14, 2006) at the Central

Government level.



The following projects or activities shall require prior environmental clearance from the concerned

regulatory authority, which shall hereinafter referred to be as the Central Government in the Ministry of

Environment and Forests for matters falling under Category ‘A’ in the Schedule and at State level the

State Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) for matters falling under Category ‘B’ in the

said Schedule, before any construction work, or preparation of land by the project management except

for securing the land, is started on the project or activity:

1. All new projects or activities listed in the Schedule to this notification

2. Expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities listed in the Schedule to this

notification with addition of capacity beyond the limits specified for the concerned sector, that

is, projects or activities which cross the threshold limits given in the Schedule, after expansion

or modernization

3. Any change in product - mix in an existing manufacturing unit included in Schedule beyond the

specified range.

Building /Construction projects/Area Development projects and Townships projects have been

categorized under Item 8 of the Schedule.

� 8 (a) Any building and construction projects with area 20000 sq.mtrs and <1,50,000 sq.mtrs. of

built-up area would require filling up of Form I and Form IA.

� 8 (b) Any Townships and Area Development projects Covering an area ≥ 50 ha and or built up

area ≥1,50,000 sq .mtrs would require Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study apart

from Form I and Form IA.

As per the above categorization of developmental projects, the proposed project falls in 8(a) category

and do not require the EIA study, but is falling in CRZ area, and therefore require the detailed EIA

report for obtaining CRZ clearance.

The Consent to Establish (also termed as the No Objection Certificate or NOC) under the Air and

Water Acts would be an independent work.

3.1 COASTAL REGULATION ZONE (CRZ) NOTIFICATION (AMENDED IN 2011)

As per the CRZ Notification of MoEF, under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (29 of 1986),

the Central Government, with a view to ensure livelihood security to the fisher communities and other

local communities, living in the coastal areas, to conserve and protect coastal stretches, its unique

environment and its marine area and to promote development through sustainable manner based on

scientific principles taking into account the dangers of natural hazards in the coastal areas, sea level

rise due to global warming, does hereby, declare the coastal stretches of the country and the water

area upto its territorial water limit, excluding the islands of Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep

and the marine areas surrounding these islands upto its territorial limit, as Coastal Regulation Zone

(hereinafter referred to as the CRZ) and restricts the setting up and expansion of any industry,

operations or processes and manufacture or handling or storage or disposal of hazardous substances

as specified in the Hazardous Substances (Handling, Management and Transboundary Movement)

Rules, 2009 in the aforesaid CRZ.

The proposed project is lying in CRZ -III category of coastal area , according to which theses areas are

relatively undisturbed and do not belong to either CRZ-I or II which include coastal zone in the rural

areas (developed and undeveloped) and also areas within municipal limits or in other legally designated

urban areas, which are not substantially built up.



3.2 USAGE OF WATER & WATER POLLUTION

The use of water resources and the discharge of polluted water (sewerage) are primarily regulated by

the Water Cess Act, 1977 and the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution), Cess Act, 1977 including Rules 1978 and 1991

provides for levy and collection of Cess on water consumed by the local authorities and by persons

carrying on certain industries with a view to generate resources for prevention and control of water

pollution. It also covers specifications on afixing of meters, furnishing of returns, assessment of Cess,

interest payable for delay in payment of Cess and penalties for non-payment of Cess within the

specified time. The project will fall under the Act only if they source water from water supply

schemes of urban municipalities and corporations and these bodies levy such cess as some form of

water tax to the proposed project.

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution), Act, 1974 including Rules, 1975 (as amended up to

1988) provides for the prevention and control of water pollution and maintaining or restoring good

water quality for any establishment. The Act assigns functions and powers to the CPCB and SPCBs

for prevention and control of water pollution and all related matters.

The Environment (Protection) Rules under the EPA also lays down specific standards for quality of

water effluents to be discharged into different type of water bodies (sewers, surface water bodies like

lakes and rivers, marine discharge). The standards are presented in Annexure 3.1.

Of late, with rapid depletion of groundwater resources in several areas of the country, efforts have

been initiated to regulate the use of groundwater resources. The focus of such acts and rules (many are

which are still in draft form) is to provide for mechanisms that would lead to replenishment of

groundwater reserves through techniques like ground water recharging. Although in this case, project

site is located just near the seashore and water table in the area is already high , therefore do not

require ground water recharge.

3.3 AIR QUALITY

The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 including Rules 1982 and 1983 was enacted

to prevent, control and reduce air and noise pollution. According to Section 21 of the Act, no person

shall establish or operate any activity, which can cause air pollution without obtaining Consent to

Establish (CTE) as per the Air Act.

The Act also lays down national ambient air quality standards for common pollutants like PM2.5,

PM10, Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), Carbon monoxide (CO) and Lead (Pb) with

the intent of managing air quality for different category of areas (residential, industrial and sensitive).

The EPR also specifies source emission standards determined on the basis of the impact of pollutants

on human health, vegetation and property for activities, which can pollute the air. The project would

not contribute much to air pollution, The relevant standards are presented in Annexure 3.2. The

SPCBs, on a case to basis, can also make the emission standards more stringent on the considerations

of the carrying capacity of a specific air shed and the existing pollution levels of ambient air quality.

It may be noted that normally the CTE for the Air and Water Act is provided in the form of a No

Objection Certificate (NOC) to the project proponent when the project falls under the 32 categories of

activities covered by the EIA notification.



3.4 NOISE LEVEL

With the objective of regulating ambient noise level in the environment, the Central Government has

notified the Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, dated 26th

December 1989 and amended

in February 14, 2000 under the EPA. The noise standards for different category of areas is based on

the “A” weighted equivalent noise level (Leq) are as presented in Annexure 3.3. Noise standards in

the work environment (would be relevant for construction phase of the project) are specified by

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA, USA), which in turn are being enforced by

Government of India through model rules framed under the Factories Act and Rules. The EPR also

lays down equipment specific noise emission standards for Air conditioners and Construction

Equipment, which would be in use for the proposed project. Specific standards for control of noise

from traffic and other sources and measures to be taken for reduction of noise by using acoustic

treatment, exhaust muffler have also been specified through the Environment (Protection) Second

Amendment Rules, 2002 notified through notification GSR 371 (E) on 17th May, 2002.

3.5 SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT

A monitoring committee , would be responsible for collection and handling of domestic solid waste to

an approved waste disposal site as per the provisions of the Municipal Solid Waste Rules, 2000. The

following provisions would apply to the project:

� Organize collection of municipal solid wastes through any of the methods, like collection on

regular pre-informed timings and scheduling.

� Ensure that any hazardous wastes are not mixed with municipal solid wastes and that such

wastes follow the rules of Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2003

separately specified for the purpose;

� Separately collect and dispose horticultural, construction and demolition waste in accordance

with local legislation, bylaws or directives issued by the authorities concerned.

� Establish storage facilities by taking into account quantities of waste generation in the resort

and locate them in such a way that it is accessible to the residents.

� Ensure that such storage facilities are aesthetically acceptable and user-friendly and designed

in a way that wastes stored are not exposed. The storage facilities or ‘bins’ should also be of

‘easy to operate’ design for handling, transfer and transportation of waste. Bins for storage of

biodegradable wastes shall be painted green, those for storage of recyclable wastes shall be

printed white and those for storage of other wastes shall be printed black.

� Manual handling of waste shall be prohibited. If unavoidable due to constraints, manual

handling shall be carried out under proper precaution with due care for safety of workers

The Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 require facilities to classify wastes

into categories, manage them as per the prescribed guidelines and obtain prior authorization from the

SPCB for handling, treatment, storage and disposal of Hazardous Wastes. The project has the

potential to generate hazardous waste during its construction and operational phases and such waste

generation should be properly monitored and managed. The following kinds of hazardous waste may

be generated from the construction phase of the project:

� Spent oil and lubricants from construction equipments;

� Paint residues during the painting of the buildings;

� Asbestos Contaminated Material (ACM) generated from dismantling of temporary housing

for construction workers.



3.6 CENTRAL GROUND WATER AUTHORITY (CGWA) NOTIFICATION

The Central Government constituted the Central Ground Water Authority vide notification of the

Government of India in the Ministry of Environment and Forests vide Number S.O. 38 (E) dated the

14th January, 1997, as amended from time to time, for the purposes of regulation and control of

ground water development and management in the whole of India. The Authority in exercise of its

powers and performance of its functions under section 5 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

(No. 29 of 1986) is empowered to issue directions in writing to any person, officer or any Authority

and such person, officer or authority shall be bound to comply with such directions.

As per the details available by Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA) report on the ground water

resource estimation in the year 2009 (Source:-CGWB, Sindhudurg), all the talukas of Sindhudurg

district fall under “Safe” category

3.7 OPERATION OF MOTOR VEHICLES

The Central Motor Vehicle Act (MVA) and Rules, 1989 (MVR) prescribe that vehicles falling in the

category of transport vehicles (buses, trucks, taxis and auto rickshaws) undergo an annual fitness

certification. The motor vehicle inspectors attached to the State Transport Department generally carry

out this function. Additionally, vehicle owners also have to obtain Pollution under Check Certificate

(PUCC) from a recognized testing center and display it on their vehicles. Additionally, to address the

problem of risk associated with transportation of hazardous substances by road and the consequences

of transportation emergencies, should they arise, provisions have been laid down in the MVR.

Accordingly, any road carriage involved with the transportation of hazardous goods which can be

harmful to human life or which can possibly cause damage to the environment in case of accidents

and spillage shall have to comply with the labeling requirements and safety guidance specified in the

MVR.



CHAPTER 4. BASELINE ENVIRONMENT STATUS

M/s. Elite Township Pvt. Ltd. intends to develop a Beach Resort at Sagartirth encompassing three

villages Sagartirth, Tank & Temb in Taluka Vengurla, Sindhudurg District in Maharashtra.


amenities. The entire complex would be developed in an area of 219,084 m2, which comprises of a



As mentioned above that the M/s Elite Townships Pvt. Ltd. is planning to develop a Beach Resort

Project on the above said area for which Environmental Impact Assessment will be carried out. This

baseline study is part of the same.

Nearest big towns are Vengurla and Sawantwadi. The site is adjoining the beach and is mainly an

orchard of Coconut and Cashew. The Site is approachable by SH4 Vengurla-Shiroda Road. The site is

located to the south of Vengurla town and south west of Sawantwadi. The site is spread over an area

of 54.13 acres.

The guiding factors for the present baseline study are the MoEF’s requirements for the Environmental

Impact Assessment notification and local regulations and directives. The primary study area for the

proposed development is within a radius of 3-5 km from the center of the development site since most

of the potential impacts are most likely to occur within this area. The baseline study and primary data

collection was carried out in the winter (14th

Febuary to 15th March) season of year 2012.

4.1.1 Land Environment

Landuse and Landcover

The land-use and land-cover of the study area has been interpreted from the satellite data, route survey

maps of the area, and subsequently by ground checking during field surveys. The land uses within 10

km radius from the project site has been studied and presented in the Table 4.1. The land use in the

study area characterized by i)..Residential ii). Industrial iii). Open Scrub iv). Transportation v). Water

Bodies vi). Sea vii). Beach viii). Tree Cover ix). Agricultural Land

TABLE 4.1: LANDUSE WITHIN 10 KM FROM THE PROJECT SITE

Sl. No. Landuse Type Percentage

1. Residential 01.76

2. Industrial Area 00.43

3. Open Scrub 13.62

4. Transportation 00.82

5. Water Bodies 02.82

6. Sea 45.43

7. Beach 00.37

8. Tree Cover 21.35

9. Agriculture land 13.40

The land use map for the proposed project site is enclosed as Annexure 4.1.


4-27 Baseline Environmental Status

4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT

4.2.1 Meteorology

Meteorology

In order to assess the meteorology of the region, long term secondary information on meteorological

conditions has been collected from IMD station at Vengurla taluka of Sindhudurg district,

Maharashtra and analyzed. The data for mean maximum and minimum temperature, rainfall, relative

humidity, mean wind speed and wind direction for the year 1951-1980 have been collected from IMD

climatological Table of Observation in India and is being presented in Table 4.2.

TABLE 4.2: CLIMATOLOGICAL TABLE OF VENGURLA TALUKA

Month Monthly

Mean max.

temp. (°°°°C)

Monthly

Mean min.

temp. (°°°°C)

Total

Rainfall

(mm)

Relative

Humidity

(%)

Mean Wind

Speed

(km/h)

Wind

Direction

Year (1951-1980)

January 34.5 14.7 0.2 77 5.7 N

February 35.4 15.5 0.2 78 5.9 N

March 35.6 18.0 1.0 77 6.7 N

April 35.0 21.1 4.9 73 7.3 N

May 34.7 22.8 103.4 74 9.3 N

June 33.3 22.1 919.1 87 7.9 W

July 30.6 22.1 1059.7 89 10.4 W

August 30.1 22.2 571.4 90 8.9 W

September 31.2 21.9 300.8 90 5.8 W

October 34.4 19.9 117.1 86 4.9 N

November 35.2 17.0 39.4 77 4.6 N

December 35.0 15.2 19.6 75 4.7 N

Temperature: Summer season is from March to May. The mean max. temperature during summer

varies from 35.6 0C to 34.7

0C. December to January constitutes the winter season and mean min

temperatures vary from max. of 15.2 0C to a min. of 14.7 0C. The monsoon session continues from

June to September. The Post-monsoon period extends from October to November. The data for

ambient temperature recorded at Vengula IMD Station is presented in Table 4.2.

Rainfall

Rainfall in Vengurla city is maximum (1059.7 mm) in the month of July and minimum (0.2 mm) in

the month of January and February. Total annual rainfall of the Vengurla Taluka is 3136.8 mm.

Humidity

The average relative humidity values varied from the lowest of 73 % in the month of April to the

highest of 90% during August and September.



Wind Speed and Direction

The mean wind speed is recorded to be 6.84 km/hr. Apart from this, as per the climatological data for

the year 1951-1980 , wind rose pattern for Vengurla Taluka is recorded to be in North direction.

Climatic parameters like rainfall, temperature, cloud cover, relative humidity, wind speed and wind

direction of the Sindhudurg district for 5 days (from the date 5th

to 9th

June, 2013) has been found

from secondary source Indian Meteorological department (IMD) and is discussed below in Table 4.3

TABLE 4.3 CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA

Parameters Day1

05/06/2013

Day2

06/06/2013

Day3

07/06/2013

Day4

08/06/2013

Day 5

09/06/2013

Rainfall 20 5 21 57 65

Max Temperature (degree C) 31 32 32 30 30

Min Temperature (degree C) 25 26 27 26 26

Total Cloud Cover (octa) 7 7 8 7 8

Max Relative Humidity(%) 88 85 87 87 87

Min Relative Humidity (%) 65 59 64 68 66

Wind Speed (kmph) 005 009 013 008 011

Wind Direction (degree) 238 297 276 230 211

Primary baseline monitoring was carried out as per the standard methodologies and accepted

protocols as detailed by the MoEF. Air quality was monitored with high volume samplers for 24

hours, twice a week for one month. Each sampler was maintained at volumetric flow rate ranging

between 1-1.2 m3/min. Analysis of pollutants was done as per standard IS code methods.

A site–specific background air quality monitoring program was conducted near the proposed project

site in the winter (14th

Febuary to 15th

March) season of 2012. Background data was collected for

PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx ,& CO. Five sampling stations were located within a region of 3 km from the

site, so as to cover the overall air quality status of the region. Also, project emissions are not likely to

have significant impacts beyond such a distance.

For selection of the monitoring locations, long-term meteorological trends were taken into

consideration to obtain the predominant wind direction during the sampling period. In this manner,

three air quality monitor stations AQ2, AQ3 and AQ5 were placed in crosswind, downwind direction,

AQ4 in the upwind and AQ1 at the site. Monitors were placed at sensitive receptors (i.e. nearby

residential area), where safety and power were available. Monitors were placed on one-storey

dwellings and away from major roads and nearby flow obstructions (i.e. trees). The monitoring

locations are specified in Annexure 4.2 and Table 4.4 .

TABLE 4.4 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS

Location Name of the location Approximate distance to Site Upwind/ Downwind from site

AQ1 Project Site -- --

AQ2 Mochemad 2.2 KM Crosswind

AQ3 Nhaichiaad 2.3 KM Crosswind

AQ4 Shiroda 2.5 KM Upwind



Location Name of the location Approximate distance to Site Upwind/ Downwind from site

AQ5 Velagar 1 KM Downwind

Monitoring results (observed levels and ranges) of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx, O3, CO, Pb, As Ni and

NH3 are presented in the Table 4.5 to Table 4.9.

TABLE 4.5 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY RESULTS AQ1- PROJECT SITE

AQ1 PM10

(µg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

SO2

(µg/m3)

NOx

(µg/m3)

CO

(µg/m3)

Max 36.1 11.4 9.6 16.1 1298

Min 26.2 7.8 8.1 14.2 1012

Arithmetic Mean 31.0 9.1 8.8 15.4 1171

NAAQS 100 60 80 80 2000

TABLE 4.6 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY RESULTS AQ2- MOCHEMAD VILLAGE

AQ2 PM10

(µg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

SO2

(µg/m3)

NOx

(µg/m3)

CO

(µg/m3)

Max 39.8 9.3 9.4 16.8 1248

Min 26.7 7.7 7.7 12.8 1069

Arithmetic Mean 35.5 8.4 8.4 14.8 1110

NAAQS 100 60 80 80 2000

TABLE 4.7 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY RESULTS AQ3- NAICHIAAD VILLAGE

AQ3 PM10

(µg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

SO2

(µg/m3)

NOx

(µg/m3)

CO

(µg/m3)

Max 28.0 9.1 8.4 15.8 1103

Min 22.9 6.7 7.2 13.3 976

Arithmetic Mean 26.4 7.9 7.8 14.3 1027

NAAQS 100 60 80 80 2000

TABLE 4.8 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY RESULTS AQ4- SHIRODA VILLAGE

AQ4 PM10

(µg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

SO2

(µg/m3)

NOx

(µg/m3)

CO

(µg/m3)

Max 42.8 12.9 11.1 19.7 1364

Min 38.3 11.2 9.0 15.0 1044

Arithmetic Mean 40.5 12.1 9.8 17.3 1202

NAAQS 100 60 80 80 2000



TABLE 4.9 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY RESULTS AQ5- VELAGAR VILLAGE

AQ5 PM10

(µg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

SO2

(µg/m3)

NOx

(µg/m3)

CO

(µg/m3)

Max 31.5 9.7 9.9 17.6 1192

Min 27.5 7.9 8.0 13.4 931

Arithmetic Mean 29.8 8.7 8.8 15.5 1059

NAAQS 100 60 80 80 2000

With respect to pollutants, the results of the monitoring program indicate the average observed

concentration of PM10, PM2.5, NOx, SO2, & CO, is within NAAQS for industrial, residential, rural

and other areas at all the identified locations.

The details of each parameter are described below. With compare to NAAQS for residential /rural and

other habitable Areas.

PM10 – Average PM10 levels at all the locations in the study area are below the NAAQS standards.

The maximum levels are observed at AQ4. The results are given in Table 4.10. Graphical

representation of PM10 levels is shown in Figure 4.1.

TABLE 4.10 BASELINE AIR QUALITY – PM10

Monitoring Results –PM10 (µg/m3)

Location Maximum Minimum Arithmetic Mean Area Designation NAAQS

AQ1 36.1 26.2 31.0 Rural 100

AQ2 39.8 26.7 35.5 Rural 100

AQ3 28.0 22.9 26.4 Rural 100

AQ4 42.8 38.3 40.5 Rural 100

AQ5 31.5 27.5 29.8 Rural 100

FIGURE 4.1 PM10 LEVEL COMPARISON AT 5 LOCATIONS



PM2.5 – Average PM2.5 levels at all the locations in the study area are below the NAAQS standards.

The maximum levels are observed at AQ4. The baseline monitoring results are given in Table 4.11

Graphical representation of PM2.5 levels is shown in Figure 4.2.

TABLE 4.11 BASELINE AIR QUALITY – PM2.5

Monitoring Results- PM2.5 (µg/m3)

Location Maximum Minimum Arithmetic

Mean

Area

Designation NAAQS

AQ1 11.4 7.8 9.1 Rural 60

AQ2 9.3 7.7 8.4 Rural 60

AQ3 9.1 6.7 7.9 Rural 60

AQ4 12.9 11.2 12.1 Rural 60

AQ5 9.7 7.9 8.7 Rural 60

FIGURE 4.2 PM2.5 LEVEL COMPARISON AT 5 LOCATIONS

SO2 – The SO2 levels at all the locations were found to be well within the NAAQS standards.

Maximum SO2 concentration of 11.1 µg/m3 was recorded at AQ4. The baseline monitoring results are

given in Table 4.12 . Graphical representation of SO2 levels is shown in Figure 4.3.

TABLE 4.12 BASELINE AIR QUALITY – SO2

Monitoring Results –SO2 (µg/m3)

Location Maximum Minimum Arithmetic Mean Area Designation NAAQS

AQ1 9.6 8.1 8.8 Rural 80

AQ2 9.4 7.7 8.4 Rural 80

AQ3 8.4 7.2 7.8 Rural 80

AQ4 11.1 9.0 9.8 Rural 80

AQ5 9.9 8.0 8.8 Rural 80



FIGURE 4.3 SO2 LEVEL COMPARISONS AT 5 LOCATIONS

NOx – Pollution level of NOx is low in the region and confirms the NAAQS standards at all locations

during the entire monitoring period. Highest NOx levels were reported at AQ4. The baseline

monitoring results are given in Table 4.13. Graphical representation of NOx levels is shown in Figure

4.4.

TABLE 4.13 BASELINE AIR QUALITY –NOX

Monitoring Results- NOX (µg/m3)


Mean

Area

Designation NAAQS

AQ1 16.1 14.2 15.4 Rural 80

AQ2 16.8 12.8 14.8 Rural 80

AQ3 15.8 13.3 14.3 Rural 80

AQ4 19.7 15.0 17.3 Rural 80

AQ5 17.6 13.4 15.5 Rural 80

FIGURE 4.4 NOX LEVEL COMPARISON AT 5 LOCATIONS



CO – The average results at all sites were well within the prescribed NAAQS standards. The baseline

monitoring results are given in Table 4.14. Graphical representation of CO levels is shown in Figure

4.5.

TABLE 4.14 BASELINE AIR QUALITY – CO

Monitoring Results CO (µg/m3)


Mean

Area

Designation NAAQS

AQ1 1298 1012 1171 Rural 2000

AQ2 1248 1069 1110 Rural 2000

AQ3 1103 976 1027 Rural 2000

AQ4 1364 1044 1202 Rural 2000

AQ5 1192 931 1059 Rural 2000

FIGURE 4.5 CO LEVEL COMPARISON AT 5 LOCATIONS

4.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

An assessment of baseline noise quality was undertaken to (a) establish the status of exposure, and (b)

identify the noise pollution levels of the proposed road. This assessment was accomplished by

conducting a site–specific background–monitoring program where appropriate, site–specific data were

compared to the applicable Ambient Air Quality Standards in Respect of Noise (AAQSRN).

The background-monitoring program was done in accordance with the requirements of an EIA study.

Sound pressure level (SPL) measurements were automatically recorded to give the noise level for

every hour continuously for 24 hours. Accordingly data was collected at the monitoring locations and

given in Table 4.15.

TABLE 4.15 NOISE MONITORING LOCATIONS

Monitoring Station Description of Location Distance to Site (km)

NQ1 Project Site 0

NQ2 Saraswati Vidhyalaya, 0.2

NQ3 Sagartirath beach road (Bhakarwadi) 0.3



Table 4.16 provides equivalent noise levels viz., Leqday, at the noise monitoring locations, alongside

noise standards as prescribed by the CPCB (Table 4.17).

Leq calculation is based on following equation:

= ∑

=

n

i

L

Teq

i

nL1

10, 10/1log10

Where, Li = levels observed at n equally spaced times during interval T.

TABLE 4.16 MONITORING RESULTS – NOISE

Location Day Time Night Time

Leq [dB(A)] Limit [dB(A)] Leq [dB(A)] Limit [dB(A)]

NQ1 52.3 55 44.4 45

NQ2 56.4 55 41.2 45

NQ3 57.9 55 47.1 45

TABLE 4.17 AMBIANT NOISE QUALITY STANDARDS

Area Code Category of Area/Zone Limits in dB(A) Leq

Day Time Night Time

(A) Industrial area 75 70

(B) Commercial area 65 55

(C) Residential area 55 45

(D) Silence Zone 50 40

1. Daytime shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m.

2. Nighttime shall mean from 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m.

3. Silence zone is defined as an area comprising not less than 100 meters around hospitals,

educational institutions and courts. The silence zones are zones, which are declared as such

by the competent authority.

4. Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four above-mentioned categories by

the competent authority.

The results of the monitoring program indicates that the levels of noise were below the prescribed

AAQSRN standards except the day time level at NQ2 and NQ3 and night time noise level at NQ3.

Figure 4.6 & Figure 4.7 shows the Noise level comparisons at 3 locations during day and night time.



FIGURE 4.6 DAY TIME NOISE LEVEL COMPARISON AT 3 LOCATIONS

FIGURE 4.7 DAY TIME NOISE LEVEL COMPARISON AT 3 LOCATIONS

4.4 TRAFFIC PATTERN AND DENSITY

Traffic was surveyed at the junction of Vengurla –Shiroda road (SH4) and Velagar road towards site.

Vehicular traffic counts were performed on either side of the studied roads to provide background

values of traffic density, and correlate such data to the levels of air pollution along the road. Vehicular

traffic on these roads included heavy vehicle, light vehicle, three wheelers, and two wheelers. Major

traffic flow occurs between 8 am to 8 pm on these roads. The additional traffic due to the project

would also occur in this time duration only. A summary of the data is presented in Table 4.18.

TABLE 4.18 TRAFFIC STATISTICS OF STUDIED ROADS

Road

Vehicle Type Vengurla to Shiroda (SH4) Velagar Road near Project site

Two Wheeler 572 179



Road

Vehicle Type Vengurla to Shiroda (SH4) Velagar Road near Project site

Three Wheeler 161 2

Four Wheeler 434 147

HMV 314 29

Total 1511 358

PCU 1823 325.5

FIGURE 4.8 TRAFFIC FLOW COMPARISON AT 2 LOCATIONS

4.5 SOIL

At each location, soil samples were collected from depths of around 1 m below the surface. The

samples were then packed in a polythene plastic bag and sealed. The samples from three different

depths were homogenized and the sealed samples were sent to laboratory at for analysis. The details

of the sampling locations are given in Table 4.19 and the analysis results of all the locations are

presented in Table 4.20.

TABLE 4.19 SOIL SAMPLING LOCATIONS

Sr. No. Code Location

1 S1 Project Site

2 S2 Sarsavati Vidhylay near Project site,

3 S3 Sagartirath Beach Road near project north side

TABLE 4.20 SOIL SAMPLING RESULTS

Sr. No Parameter Units S1 S2 S3

1 Bulk Density gm/ml 1.4 1.2 1.5

2 Salinity ppt 6.5 4.58 6.3

3 Porosity % 62.2 58.6 60.3

4 Texture Class Sandy Loam Sandy Loam Sandy

5 Silt % 42.1 45.2 52.2



6 Clay % 15.3 12.1 10.1

7 Sand % 4.16 5.7 7.8

8 pH( 5% Solution) -- 6.3 7.6 5.1

9 Electrical

Conductivity µs 12.5 8.8 11.9

10 Cation Exchange

Capacity meq/100gm 16.7 19.1 17.0

11 Sodium mg/lit. 7.18 8.26 6.91

12 Potassium mg/lit. 2.69 3.14 3.05

13 Nitrogen mg/lit. 6.31 7.14 6.40

14 Magnesium mg/lit. 0.52 0.6 0.70

15 Phosphorous mg/lit. 2.2 1.22 2.63

16 SAR mg/lit. 9.25 6.27 8.84

17 Water Holding

Capacity ml/100 gm 38.75 37.98 33.48

18 Iron as Fe mg/kg 18.24 8.21 9.04

19 Copper as Cu mg/kg 0.01 BDL BDL

20 Zinc as Zn mg/kg 2.67 1.66 BDL

21 Manganese as Mn mg/kg 1.45 0.79 BDL

22 Nickel as Ni mg/kg 0.01 BDL BDL

BDL – Below Detection Level

Soil analysis results are summarized below:

• Bulk density varies between 1.2 to 1.5 gm/ml. Soil texture was sandy loam.

• pH ranged from 5.1 to 7.6.

• Water holding capacity of soil varies between 33.48 to 38.75 ml/100 gm.

• 0.01 mg/kg copper was detected at Project Site while at other two locations it was below

detection level. Zinc was found at 2 locations, varying between 2.67 to 1.66 mg/kg. Nickel

was detected at one location i.e. project site as 0.01 mg/kg and manganese were found in the

range of 0.79 to 1.45 mg/kg. Iron was found in the range of 8.21-18.24 mg/kg.

• The Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) values are between 6.27 to 9.25.

4.6 WATER ENVIRONMENT

4.6.1 Ground Water Scenario of the district

Depth to Water Level

Pre-monsoon (May-2007) and Post-monsoon (November-2007)

The depth to water levels in the district during May 2007 ranges between 1.94 and 17.40 mbgl. The

shallow water levels within 10 mbgl are seen in almost entire district .At project site, pre monsoon

depth to water level ranges between 5-10 mbgl.

The depth to water levels during Pre Monsoon Nov. 2007 ranges between 0.01 m bgl and 14.85 mbgl.

In the entire district the water levels are shallow within 5 m bgl. The water levels of 2 to 5 m bgl are

the most dominant range. At the project site, Post Monsoon depth top water level ranges between 2-5



mbgl. The depth to water level both during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon of the district has

been shown below in Figure 4.9.

Environment Impact

Assessment Report

Beach Resort Project, Sindhudurg, Maharastra


FIGURE 4.9 DEPTH TO WATER LEVEL DURING PRE-MONSOON AND POST MONSOON

Depth to Water level (Pre Monsoon) Depth to Water level (Post Monsoon)

Environment Impact

Assessment Report



Ground and Surface Water quality of the project site

The samples were collected and analyzed as per the procedures specified in IS:3025 and compared

with the standards for drinking water quality as per IS:10500 applicable for ground and surface water

respectively. Physico-chemical parameters along with microbiological indicators of pollution have

been analyzed for assessing the baseline status of water environment and identification of impacts due

to the project activity. The water sampling locations are given in Table 4.21 and the analysis results

are presented in Table 4.22

TABLE 4.21 WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS

Sr. No. Code Location Type of Water

1 GW1 Project site Ground Water

2 GW2 Near Project site - bungalow Ground Water

3 SW1 Arabian sea Near project site Surface Water

TABLE 4.22 WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS – GROUND WATER

Sr. No. Parameter Unit GW1 GW2 Standard as per IS:10500-1991

1 Colour Unit <5 <5 5 Hazen unit

2 Odour -- UN UN UN

3 Turbidity NTU 1.0 1.0 5 NTU

4 pH -- 7.47 7.77 6.5 – 8.5

5 Temperature 0C 30.1 31.5 --

6 Total Hardness as

CaCO3 mg/lit. 110.0 515.0 300 mg/lit.

7 Calcium as Ca mg/lit. 33.6 90.0 75 mg/lit.

8 Magnesium as Mg mg/lit. 6.37 70.83 30 mg/lit.

9 Total Alkalinity mg/lit. 190 475 200 mg/lit.

10 Chloride as Cl- mg/lit. 25 525.4 250 mg/lit.

11 Sulphate as SO4-2 mg/lit. 35.4 196.4 200 mg/lit.

12 Nitrate as NO3 mg/lit. 0.9 0.66 45 mg/lit.

13 Fluoride as F mg/lit. 0.31 0.25 1.0 mg/lit.

14 Sodium mg/lit. 10.48 195.7 --

15 Potassium mg/lit. 1.26 25.8 --

16 Salinity -- 177.62 1494.3 --

17 Total Nitrogen mg/lit. 6.21 3.56 --

18 Total Phosphorous mg/lit. 1.23 0.26 --

19 Cadmium as Cd mg/lit. BDL BDL

20 Lead as Pb mg/lit. BDL BDL

BDL: Below Detectable Limit UN: Unobjectionable

Water quality results of ground water are summarized below:

• pH of the well water samples around the site varied between 7.47 to 7.77.

• Total hardness of ground water samples varied between 110 to 515 mg/l.

Environment Impact

Assessment Report



• Alkalinity value varied between 190-475 mg/l for ground water samples.

• Nitrate was 0.9 to 0.66 mg/l.

• Cd and Pb were below detectable limits in all the samples.

TABLE 4.23 WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS – SURFACE WATER

Sr. No. Parameter Unit SW-1

1 Colour Unit <5

2 Odour -- UN

3 Turbidity NTU 2

4 pH -- 7.89

5 Temperature 0C 30.5

6 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/lit. 6750.0

7 Calcium as Ca mg/lit. 720

8 Magnesium as Mg mg/lit. 1208.32

9 Total Alkalinity mg/lit. 200

10 Chloride as Cl- mg/lit. 22,000

11 Sulphate as SO4-2

mg/lit. 3976

12 Nitrate as NO3 mg/lit. 1.18

13 Fluoride as F mg/lit. 2.56

14 Sodium mg/lit. 9000

15 Potassium mg/lit. 248.6

16 Salinity -- 37000

17 Total Nitrogen mg/lit. 10.24

18 Total Phosphorous mg/lit. 0.34

19 Cadmium as Cd mg/lit. BDL

20 Lead as Pb mg/lit. BDL

BDL: Below Detectable Limit UN: Unobjectionable

4.7 ECOLOGY

Due to the location of the site, which is part of the Sagartirath beach, the site characteristic is mainly

dry coastal. The flora and fauna studied on the site was mainly adapted to humid coastal climatic

conditions.

A foot survey was carried out for about 5 km from the site in three directions, North, South and East.

The west ward side being sea, there was no necessity for a land survey. The survey revealed that on

south as well as on North, there were similar orchards owned by different people and the entire

coastline was covered by the private orchards, leaving little room for natural vegetation. However, in

the eastern direction, the vegetation changes rapidly due to the presence of village Aravli and one can

see more varieties of crops and plants used by people for their living.

Environment Impact

Assessment Report



Existing Site access road connect SH4

(Shiroda-Vengurla)

SH4 (Vengurla to Shiroda)

The basic soil is coastal sandy soil with predominance of dry coastal vegetation in the non cultivated

areas. The western side of the site is predominantly sand dunes and the westernmost dunes are well

stabilised by natural dune vegetation, casuarina plantations and invasive vegetation that has widely

spread along the coast.

Dry costal vegetation Sandy Beach North boundary of project site

Sand Dune on western side of site Arabian Sea’s tidal movement drain sand into

the project site land

Environment Impact

Assessment Report



The western most dune is about 60 m in breadth and runs beyond the property for several hundred m

on both sides, intercepted by a public road and the natural water drains coming from the land.

The primary objectives of the study were:

• To analyze the vegetation types both qualitatively and quantitatively;

• To prepare floristic checklist for the property;

• To prepare list of rare and endangered plant species if any;

• To prepare faunal checklist of the property;

• To prepare rare and endangered animal species, if any;

• To evaluate the importance of the site as a wildlife habitat;

Methodology & Materials

The ecological status survey was undertaken in June 2010. The primary data relating to flora, fauna

and agricultural diversity of the area was generated on site.

Phytosociology

A nested quadrate technique was used for sampling the vegetation. The size and number of quadrates

needed were determined using the species area curve (Mishra, 1968) and the running mean method

(Kershaw, 1973). Summarization of previously used methods and recommendations led to the use of

more than often (10x10m) quadrates laid out for sampling the tree stratum and 1x1m quadrates for

herbs, grasses and seedlings of tree species less than 1.3cm dbh (diameter at breast height). The

enumeration of the vegetation was done by measuring dbh individually in case of woody vegetation,

and collar diameter in case of herbs and grasses using the tree caliper and electronic digital caliper. In

case of grasses and sedges, each erect shoot is considered to a plant tiller and the enumeration was

done by laying 1m x 1m quadrates at random, further subdivided into 10 x 10 cm segments. Four such

segments selected at random were analyzed from each quadrate by counting the tillers individually as

per the method used was that of Singh and Yadava (1974).

Diversity of the Forest Vegetation

The tree species diversity for each stand in different forest types was determined using Shannon

Wiener information function (Shannon and Wiener, 1963), which is: Where, Ni is the total number of

individuals of species i and N is the total number of all species in a stand.

Concentration of dominance

Concentration of dominance (Cd) was measured by Simpson Index (Simpson, 1949): Where, Ni and

N were the same as for Shannon Wiener information function.

This index ranges from one, if all the individuals belong to one species, to (1/s) if they are equally

divided among species (S).

Faunal Study

Terrestrial Fauna

Ground surveys were carried out by trekking the core and the buffer zones. For sampling butterflies

the standard ‘Pollard Walk’ methodology was used by recording all the species that were encountered

Environment Impact

Assessment Report



while trekking along the foot trails between these two sites, daily. Sampling was done for 1 hour in a

stretch on each transect (n = 4). For sampling birds ‘point sampling’ along the fixed transects (foot

trails) was carried out to record all the species of birds observed with the help of binoculars; field

guides and photography for 1 hour on each transect (n=4). For sampling mammals, ‘direct count on

open width (20 m) transect’ was used on the same transects for 1 hour in each transect. Besides,

information on recent sightings / records of mammals by the villagers and locals was also collected

from these areas. ‘Reptiles’ mainly lizards were sampled by ‘direct count on open width transects’ for

1 hour in each transect.

General Survey

Vegetation types were closely observed and identified, as also vegetation types were sampled for

assessing ecological status. The vegetation types were based on the composition of the area and

dominant species found in them. The identified vegetation types have been confirmed from published

and authenticated sources.

TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM

Vegetation Characteristic

In an aerial view, the land appears mainly as a coconut plantation, interspersed with Casurina,

Australian Acacia and Cashew.

In composition, about 60% plantation is that of Coconut. Cashew is about 15% and another 20% is

invaded by Acacia auriculiformes and Acacia mangium. The site has over 60% ground cover by the

well grown orchards. Trees are matured and are over 20 years old. The coconut plantation is mainly

in the dune areas whereas Cashew and Acacia are mainly on the landward side, where there is some

amount of laterite mixed in the soil. Towards the entrance, there is avenue plantation of Acacia mixed

with Eucalyptus.

The proposed site has been owned by different owners in the past. There are some hedge plants that

differentiate these individual plots. Opuntia species has been generally used for the hedges. Over the

years, there has been Ipomoea pes-caprae, lantana and some other coastal plants that have mixed

with these.

The entire plot being fenced with barbed wire and guarded by security men, there were no cattles seen

straying within the property. The Casurina plantation for stabilizing the sand dunes is over matured

and requires systematic replantation and clear felling. Casurinas are over 45 feet tall and some of them

show broad buttressed stems growing over 2 metres in circumference.The sand dunes are vital for this

property and needs to be well secured whether the proposed development is allowed or not. The plant

list on the site is detailed in the Table 4.24.

TABLE 4.24 SITE FLORA OF PROPOSED PROJECT

Sr. No Common Name Scientific Name Habit Abundance in

the region

1. Coconut Cocos nusifera Tree Abundant

2. Suru Casurina equisitifolial Tree Moderate

3. Australian Babul Acacia auriculiformes Tree Abundant

4. Australian Babul Acacia mangium Tree Abundant

Environment Impact

Assessment Report




the region

5. Black Plum Syzigium cumini Tree Abundant

6. Pangara Erythrina indica Tree Abundant

7. Ber Zizyphus mauritiana Tree Abundant

8. Sida Sida rhombifolia Herb Abundant

9. Ipoemoea Ipoemoea tuberose Creeper Abundant

10. Nilgiri Eucalyptus globules Tree Moderate

11. Ghaneri Lantana camara Shrub Abundant

12. - Aeschynomene indica Herb Abundant

13. - Alysicarpus bupleurifolius Herb Moderate

14. - Alysicarpus monilifer Herb Moderate

15. - Alysicarpus vaginalis Herb Moderate

16. - Canavalia maritime Perennial creeper Low

17. Takla Cassia tora Herb Abundant

18. Tag Crotalaria retusa Under

Shrub Moderate

19. Tag Crotalaria striata Herb Moderate

20. Tag Crotalaria verrucosa Herb Moderate

21. - Derris triflorum Woody creeper Moderate

22. - Desmodium triflorum Herb Moderate

23. Karanj Pongamia pinnata Tree Moderate

24. Rui Calotropis gigantium Shrub Moderate

25. - Tephrosia purpurea Under

Shrub Moderate

26. - Vigna spp. Creeping

herb Low

27. - Zornia gibbosa Herb Low

28. - Vitex trifolia Shrub Abundant

29. - Opuntia sp Shrub Abundant

30. - Aeluropus lagopoides Grass Abundant

31. - Cyperus sps Grass Moderate

32. Screw pine Pandanus pandanus Tree Moderate

33. Mango Mangifera indica Tree Abundant

34. Amarvel Cuscuta sps. Parasitic creeper Abundant

35. Bhendi Thespesia populnea Tree Abundant

36. Karvanda Carissa congesta Shrub Abundant

37. - Cullen corylifolia Herb Abundant

38. - Ixora coccinea Shrub Abundant

39. - Cryptolepis buchanani Climber Abundant

40. - Ipomoea pes-caprae Runner Abundant

41. - Aerides crispum Orchid Abundant

42. - Solanum virginianum Herb Abundant

43. - Cyanotis faciculata Herb Moderate

Environment Impact

Assessment Report




the region

44. - Sesbania bispinosa Herb Abundant

45. - Mirabilis jalapa Shrub Abundant

Casurina equisitifolial (Suru) Plantation Cashew and coconut Plantation

(Opuntia ficus-indica) Cactus along boundary of

Project site

Cashew and Eucalyptus globules plantation

Birds:

The bird activity was found to be high. Mainly the insectivorus species were active throughout the

study period. The shorebirds were not seen. The large casurina trees were acting as good perches for

the Brahminy kites and White bellied Sea eagle.

The avifauna sighted on the site is described in the Table 4.25.

TABLE 4.25 SITE AVIFAUNA

C : Common, R: Rare; O: Occasional, VC: Very Common, UC: Uncommon,

No. Common Name Scientific Name Status

1. Ashy prinia Prinia socialis O

2. Asian koel Eudynamys scolapacea C

Environment Impact

Assessment Report




3. Asian palm swift Capriurus parvus C

4. Banded bay cuckoo acomantis sonneratii O

5. Black drongo Dicrurus macrocercus C

6. Black Headed Munia Lonchura Malacca C

7. Black hooded oriole Oriolus xanthornus C

8. Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus VC

9. Black kite Milvus migrans govinda VC

10. Black lored tit Parus xanthogenys UC

11. Black naped monarch Hypothymis azurea VC

12. Black rumped flameback Dinopium benghalense C

13. Black shouldered kite Elanus caeruleus C

14. Blyth’s pipit Anthus godlewskii O

15. Brahminy starling Sturnia pagodarum O

16. Brown cheeked fulvetta Alcippe poioicephala VC

17. Cattle egret Bubulcus ibis VC

18. Common hoopoe Upupa epops UC

19. Common iora Aegithina tiphia VC

20. Common kingfisher Alcedo atthis C

21. Common myna Acridotheres tristis O

22. Common tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius VC

23. Common kestrel Falco tinnunculus C

24. Coppersmith barbet Megalaima haemacephala O

25. White bellied Sea Eagle Heliaeetus leucogaster C

26. Drongo cuckoo Surniculus lugubris O

27. Greater coucal Centropus sinensis VC

28. Green bee eater Merops orientalis VC

29. House crow Corvus splendes VC

30. House sparrow Passer domesticus C

31. House swift Apus affinis C

32. Indian nightjar Caprimulgus indicus VC

33. Indian robin Saxicoloides fulicata C

34. Jungle babbler Turdoides striatus VC

35. Jungle myna Acridotheres fuscus VC

36. Jungle Owlet Glaucidium radiatum C

37. Large billed crow Corvus macrorhynchos VC

38. Malabar whistling Thrush Myophonus horsfieldii VC

39. Oriental magpie robin Copysyschus saularis VC

40. Plain prinia Prinia inornata C

41. Plum headed parakeet Psittacula cyanocephala VC

42. Puff-throated babbler Pellorneum ruficeps VC

43. Purple rumped sunbird Nectarinia zeylonica C

44. Purple sunbird Nectarinia asiatica VC

45. Red vented bulbul Pycnonotus cafer C

Environment Impact

Assessment Report




46. Red wattled lapwing Vanellus indicus C

47. Red whiskered bulbul Pycnonotuus jocosus VC

48. Rock pigeon Columba livia O

49. Rose ringed parakeet Psittacula krameri C

50. Spotted dove Streptopelia chinensis VC

51. Sykes’s lark Galerida deva C

52. Tawny bellied babbler Dumetia hyperythra O

53. Thick billed flowerpecker Dicaeum agile C

54. Tickell’s blue flycatcher Muscicapa thalassine C

55. White throated kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis VC

56. Brahminy Kite Haliastur Indus C

Reptiles:

The site did not show any significant reptilian population. Excepting the Bronze back, the other snake

species were determined by occurrence of old moults found on the site. The locals informed that the

beach is sometimes used by the Olive Ridley Turtle for nesting. The nesting site shown by the locals

was about a km away (northwards) from the site.The reptilian fauna is described in the table below:

TABLE 4.26 REPTILIAN FAUNA OF THE SITE

Sr. no. Common Name Scientific Name

1. Sitana ponticeriana Fan Throated Lizard

2. Calotes versicolor Common Garden Lizard

3. Ptyas mucosus Common Ratsnake

4. Amphiesma stolatum Buff striped Keelback

5. Vipera russelli Russel’s Viper

6. Naja naja Indian Cobra

7. Echis carinatus Saw Scaled Viper

8. Dendrelaphis tristis Bronze back

9. Varanus benghalensis Indian Monitor Lizard

10. Lepidochelys olivacea Olive Ridley Turtle

Mammals:

The site did not show any significant varieties of mammals. The only mammal that was seen

sporadically was palm squirrel. The site was studied for direct as well as indirect evidence for the

presence of mammals. On the site, there was no occurrence of any significant wild mammal or their

trace. There may be a few rodent species and mongoose found on the site, but there were no sightings

to establish the same.

Butterflies:

The dense plantation, mixed with local weeds and other species ensures a good butterfly habitat. The

higher activity of insectivorus birds also suggests, good insect population on the site. During the

survey, only butterflies were concentrated upon and the list is given below.

Environment Impact

Assessment Report



TABLE 4.27 BUTTERFLY SPECIES

Family Common Name Scientific Name

Papilionidae Jay, Common Graphium doson (C & R Felder, 1864)

Jay, Tailed Graphium agamemnon (Linnaeus, 1758)

Lime Butterfly Papilio demoleus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Mormon, Blue Papilio polymnestor (Cramer, 1775)

Mormon, Common Papilio polytes (Linnaeus, 1758)

Pieridae Albatross, Common Appias albina (Boisduval, 1836)

Emigrant, Common Catopsilia pomona (Fabricius, 1775)

Emigrant, Mottled Catopsilia pyranthe (Linnaeus, 1758)

Grass Yellow, Common Eurema hecabe (Linnaeus, 1758)

Grass Yellow, Small Eurema brigitta (Cramer, 1780)

Jezebel, Common Delias eucharis (Drury, 1773)

Orange Tip, Great Hebomoea glaucippe (Linnaeus, 1758)

Orange Tip, Yellow Ixias pyrene (Linnaeus, 1764)

Wanderer, Common Pareronia valeria (Cramer,1776)

Lycaenidae Pierrot, Angled Caleta caleta (Hewitson,1876)

Pierrot, Common Castalius rosimon (Fabricius,1775)

Grass Blue, Pale Pseudozizeeria maha (Kollar, 1844)

Hedge Blue, Common Actolepis puspa (Horsefield, 1828)

Silverline, Common Spindasis vulcanus (Fabricius, 1775)

Nymphalidae Baron, Common Euthalia aconthea (Cramer,1777)

Baronet Euthalia nais (Forster,1771)

Castor, Common Ariadne merione (Cramer, 1779)

Coster, Tawny Acraea violae (Fabricius, 1793)

Eggfly, Danaid Hypolimnas misippus (Linnaeus, 1764)

Eggfly, Great Hypolimnas bolina (Linnaeus, 1758)

Evening Brown,

Common

Melanitis leda (Linnaeus, 1758)

Indian Crow, Common Euploea core (Cramer, 1780)

Leopard, Common Phalanta phalantha (Drury, 1773)

Oakleaf, Blue Kallima horsfieldii (Kollar, 1848)

Painted Lady Cynthia cardui (Linnaeus, 1758)

Pansy, Blue Junonia orithya (Linnaeus, 1758)

Pansy, Gray Junonia atlites (Linnaeus, 1763)

Pansy, Lemon Junonia hierta (Fabricius, 1798)

Sailer, Common Neptis hylas (Moore, 1872)

Tiger, Blue Tirumala limniace (Cramer, 1775)

Tiger, Plain Danaus chrysippus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Tiger, Striped Danaus genutia (Cramer, 1779)

Hesperiidae Awl, Common Banded Hasora chromus (Cramer, 1782)

Swift, Rice Borbo cinnara (Wallace, 1866)

Environment Impact

Assessment Report



Conclusion: Considering the various biotic and abiotic components of the proposed site for the

proposed development, it can be deduced that the site is a representative of the general ecology of the

region and is not significant or conservation dependent. Being a horticulture plantation, the site has

been under active human interference for a long time and does not have any natural ecosystem. The

proposed development, with well designing, may contribute in increasing the biodiversity as the green

belts planned for the site may provide additional niche for the local fauna. It is recommended that the

green belts should consist of endemic or naturalized species only in order to maintain and enhance the

existing ecology. It is also highly recommended that the existing trees of Australian Acacia and

Eucalyptus are slowly clear felled for plantation of local species.

Particular care is required to maintain the dune ecology. Though Aravli area is not coming under

vulnerable areas identified for the district, the sand dunes are particularly important to protect the

coastline from the wave action. Also, the beach is occasionally used by the Olive Ridley Turtle for

nesting and hence requires better protection measures.

4.8 FOREST

The core zone (Project site) is basically is a horticultural land and there is no forest land in and around

the site. In the buffer zone (10 km radius in the surrounding area) has no Reserved or Protected

forest.

4.9 SCRUB FOREST

The sand dune area in the western side is having a small area of a scrub which is mainly covered by

Lantana, opuntia and other scrub species.

Scrub forest Near Vetoba Hills scrub species

4.10 PLANTATION AND ORCHARDS

The entire site is a plantation of coconut and cashew. Other fast growing species are also grown for

soft wood and timber.

Environment Impact

Assessment Report



Coconut Plantation west side of project area. Kaju Plantation along site internal road.

Dry Coastal vegetation

This is an important vegetation type in the coastal areas, especially in the sand beach areas. Local

distribution of the plant species is given in the table 4.28 below

TABLE 4.28 LOCAL DISTRIBUTION OF PLANT SPECIES

S. No. Types of Plant Local Distribution

Common Sporadic Rare

1. Trees 12 - -

2. Shrubs 7 - -

3. Herbs 12 5 -

4. Climbers 5 2 -

5. Grasses 2 - -

Phyto Sociology: Flora

There is no natural forest area in the study area so no Phyto sociological study was carried out.

Endemic, Threatened and Endangered Plant Species

The site being a plantation site, there are no endemic, threatened or endangered plant species.

Threatened and Endangered Animal Species

The site does not support any endangered species as a habitat. The White bellied fishing Eagle is an

endangered species which is supported by the site through its tall trees on the Sand Dunes. The Beach

is also claimed to be acting as nesting site for the endangered Olive Ridley Turtles.

TABLE 4.29 SCHEDULED ANIMAL SPECIES IN THE STUDY AREA

Wildlife Schedule Sl. No. Common Name Scientific Name

A. Schedule I

A.1 : Birds

A.1.1 White bellied Sea Eagle Heliaeetus leucogaster

Environment Impact

Assessment Report



Wildlife Schedule Sl. No. Common Name Scientific Name

B. Schedule II

B.1 : Mammals : Nil

B. 2 : Reptiles

B.2.1 Indian Cobra Naja naja

B.2.2 Russel Viper Vipera russelli

B.2.3 Common Rat Snake Ptyas mucosus

B.2.4 Common Indian Monitor Varanus bengalensis

B.2.5 Checkered Keelback Xenocchrophis piscator

B.2.6 Olive Ridley Turtle Lepidochelys olivacea

Aquatic Ecosystem

There is no water body within the site except presence of in 3 wells.

Conclusions

Ecological survey in the core zone and buffer zone reveals some interesting features of wildlife. The

survey was based on the following evaluation criteria:

(i) Land Use: The area is categorized as agricultural land and is under horticultural use.

(ii) Diversity: The floral diversity in the buffer zone is higher comparing to the core zone.

(iii) Proximity: There is no Reserve forest in the core zone and buffer zone.

(iv) Potential Value: The habitat condition of the area may improve after completion of the

project owing to development of green belt surrounding it.

4.11 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

This section discusses the baseline socio-economic environment of the study area defined for the

proposed project. Based on the assessment of the socio-economic conditions of the rural settlements

identified within the study area EIA study is focusing on prediction and evaluation about the future

impacts of the project on the local people, their physical and psychological health and well-being,

economic facilities, heritage and culture, lifestyle and other value systems. The issues under focus are

demographic structure, economic activity, education, literacy profile, infrastructure facilities, etc. The

assessment and evaluation of potential socio-economic impacts will thereby assist in the formulation

of necessary guidelines for impact mitigation and management of human environment.

The information provided in the following sections has been primarily derived from secondary

sources (Census of India 2001 and Census of India Website). The village-wise secondary data (as

obtained from Census, 2001) has been taken into consideration for analyzing the socio-economic

profile in a comparative manner.

4.12 GENERAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE

Given the scale and nature of the proposed project, a study area of 2 km around the project site has

been defined for profiling of socio-economic environment of nearby villages. The following villages

have been considered for socio-economic profiling as presented in Table 4.30 below.

Environment Impact

Assessment Report



TABLE 4.30 LIST OF VILLAGES SELECTED FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILING

No. District Tehsil Village Distance from the

project site (km)

1

Sindhudurg Vengurla

Mochemad 2.2

2 Nhaichiad 2.3

3 Sagartirtha Project site

4 Shiroda 2.5

5 Tank 1.68

6 Temb 1.08

7 Velagar 1

Sindhudurg

According to the 2001 census Sindhudurg district has a population of 8,68,825. The district has a

population density of 170 inhabitants per square kilometre (430 /sq m). Sindhudurg has a sex ratio of

1079 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 80.3%.

4.12.1 Demographic Profile

The demographic profile in terms of total population, household size, sex-ratio and scheduled

population of the selected villages in the study area of district has been discussed in section below and

presented in Table 4.31 and Table 4.32.

Population and Household Size

Of the study area villages in Vengurla taluka, Sindhudurg district, Shiroda has the highest population

(1749) followed by Mochemad (1067). The household size was recorded 4.3 as average for the

villages in discussion.

Sex Ratio

The average sex ratio of 1078.1 recorded for the study area villages is higher than the state average of

940 females per 1000 males. The highest sex ratio within the study area is recorded for village

Nhaichiad (1096.2) followed by Mochemad (1084). Lowest female population has been recorded at

Temb (51%).

TABLE 4.31 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE STUDY AREA VILLAGES

Village Name HH

Nos. Total Pop.

HH

Size Male Pop. % M

Female

Pop. % F

Sex

Ratio

Mochemad 226 1067 4.7 512 48.0 555 52.0 1084.0

Nhaichiad 96 436 4.5 208 47.7 228 52.3 1096.2

Sagartirtha 102 380 3.7 186 48.9 194 51.1 1043.0

Shiroda 420 1749 4.2 843 48.2 906 51.8 1074.7

Tank 236 962 4.1 467 48.5 495 51.5 1060.0

Temb 88 410 4.7 201 49.0 209 51.0 1039.8

Velagar 113 447 4.0 208 46.5 239 53.5 1149.0

Environment Impact

Assessment Report



Scheduled Caste (SC) & Scheduled Tribes (ST)

The highest percentage of SC was recorded for Shiroda (8.8%) followed by Mochemad (2.3%), rest

all the villages have 0% SC population. Mochemad is the only village with ST population of 0.2% and

rest all other villages in discussion have no ST population.

TABLE 4.32 SCHEDULE CASTE AND SCHEDULE TRIBES OF STUDY AREA VILLAGES

Village SC Population % SC ST Population % ST

Mochemad 25 2.3 2 0.2

Nhaichiad 0 0.0 0 0.0

Sagartirtha 0 0.0 0 0.0

Shiroda 154 8.8 0 0.0

Tank 0 0.0 0 0.0

Temb 0 0.0 0 0.0

Velagar 0 0.0 0 0.0

4.12.2 Education & Literacy

The study of the education and literacy profile in the region is relevant in order to have an

understanding whether the proposed project can utilize the skilled human resources available within

the individual study area. The village-wise male and female literacy status as obtained from Census

2001 is presented in Table 4-33.

According to the 2001 census data, literacy levels in Sindhudurg district is 80.3%. The highest

literacy rate is in Shiroda (82.2%) followed by Mochemad (75.7%) and Velagar (74.9%) and lowest

in Sagartirtha (68.2%). The highest female literacy rate was observed for village Shiroda (48.6%) and

the lowest for village Tank (44.7%).

TABLE 4.33 LITERACY PROFILE OF THE STUDY AREA VILLAGES

Village Name Total

Literate %

Male

Literate %

Female

Literate % Illiterates %

Mochemad 808 75.7 436 54.0 372 46.0 259 24.3

Nhaichiad 321 73.6 171 53.3 150 46.7 115 26.4

Sagartirtha 259 68.2 143 55.2 116 44.8 121 31.8

Shiroda 1437 82.2 739 51.4 698 48.6 312 17.8

Tank 714 74.2 395 55.3 319 44.7 248 25.8

Temb 293 71.5 159 54.3 134 45.7 117 28.5

Velagar 335 74.9 175 52.2 160 47.8 112 25.1

4.12.3 Economic Activity & Livelihood Pattern

The relevance of economic activity and livelihood pattern is important in the context of the study

since depending on the existing situation one can predict the impact of the project activity on the

economy of the villages and the region. The village-wise workforce participation as obtained from

Census 2001 is presented in Table 4.34.

The workforce participation rate in the study area villages of Sindhudurg district varies from 0.0% to

97.0%. Majority of inhabitants about 97.0% in Sagartirtha and 84.8% in Velagar are employed in

Environment Impact

Assessment Report



other works followed by Cultivators which are 59.0% in Mochemad, 42.7% in Nhaichiad and 40.3%

in Temb. This is followed by agriculture labour and household work category. Percentage of people

employed as household workers is less.

TABLE 4.34 WORKFORCE PARTICIPATION FOR STUDY AREA VILLAGES

4.12.4 Socioeconomic Infrastructure

The project site is located in Sagartirath, Aravali Tak village, in Vengurla Taluka, district Sindhudurg,

Maharashtra. Nearest big towns are Vengurla and Sawantwadi. The site is located to the south of

Vengurla town and south west of Sawantwadi.

The existing social infrastructure around the site are summarized below:

Educational Facilities: As per the census data, Primary school facility is available at Sagartirath

village while middle school is available within 5 km radius. In aravali village, both primary and

middle school facilities are available.

Health Facilities: Medical facility is not available in Sagartirath village while in Aravali village,

primary health facility is available within 5 km radius.

Roads and Communication: The site is approachable by SH4 Vengurla- Shiroda Road (Sagari

Mahamarg). Sawantwadi is the nearest railway station, located at approximately 17 km to northeast of

site. Goa Airport is located at approximately 48 km to south of site.

Sindhudurg is part of the Konkan region of Maharastra located on the west coast of Indian Peninsula.

The district is surrounded by the Arabian Sea on the east, the Belgaum District (Karnataka state) and

Goa on the South and the Ratnagiri district on the North. National Highway 17 passes through the

district. With 7 railway stations, a 103 Km stretch of Konkan Railway line passes through this district.

It has good road and rail links with Goa and Mumbai.

Education

As per 2011 census, basic amenities available in the study area villages have been discussed below in

Table 4.35.

Villages Total

Worker

%

Cultivator

%

Agriculture

Labour

%

Household

Worker

%

Other

Worker

% Non

workers

Mochemad 480 59.0 9.0 0.2 31.9 55.0

Nhaichiad 274 42.7 44.9 2.2 10.2 37.1

Sagartirtha 202 0.0 2.5 0.5 97.0 46.8

Shiroda 575 7.8 6.4 3.7 82.1 67.1

Tank 457 37.0 23.9 2.2 37.0 52.4

Temb 226 40.3 28.3 0.4 31.0 44.8

Velagar 151 13.2 2.0 0.0 84.8 66.2

Environment Impact

Assessment Report



TABLE 4.35 BASIC AMENITIES IN THE STUDY AREA

Village Educational

Facility

Medical

Facilities

Drinking

Water

Source

Approach to

Village

Power

Supply

Mochemad

P_SCH (3)

M_SCH(1)

Medical

facility(1)

WW(1)

TK(1)

HP(1)

Canal(1)

Paved Road(1) EA

Nhaichiad

P_SCH (2)

M_SCH(1)

- WW(1)

TW(1)

HP(1)

Paved Road(1) EA

Sagartirtha

P_SCH (1)

- WW(1)

Mud Road(1) EA

Shiroda

P_SCH (2)

M_SCH (2)

S_SCH(1)

SS_SCH(1)

Medical

facility(1)

TP(1)

WW(1)

- EA

Tank

P_SCH (1)

M_SCH (1)

S_SCH(1)

- TP(1)

WW(1)

TK(1)

Paved Road(1) EA

Temb

P_SCH(1)

- WW(1)

Mud Road(1) -

Velagar

P_SCH(1)

- WW(1)

- -

Education Facility: P_SCH = Primary School; M_SCH-Middle School; S_SCH-Secondary School; SS_SCH-

Senior Secondary School

Drinking Water Facility: TK = Tank water, TP- Tap water, HP- Hand pump, TW- Tub well water, WW-well

water, TK- Tank water

Power Supply: EA = Electricity for all purposes


5-57 Impact Prediction

CHAPTER 5. POLLUTION SOURCES, IMPACT PREDICTION &

IMPACT ASSESSMENT

5.1 POLLUTION SOURCES

Pollutants generated during the construction and operation phase of the proposed development either

be liquid, solid and gaseous in nature. The generation of pollution may be periodic, continuous or

accidental. Potential sources of pollutants and their characteristics during the construction and

operation phase are given below in Table 5.1.

TABLE 5.1 POTENTIAL POLLUTANT SOURCES & CHARACTERISTICS

S.No Activity / Area Pollutant Pollutant Characteristics Frequency

CONSTRUCTION PHASE

1. Ground

excavation and

leveling

Air emissions:

PM10, PM2.5 CO,

NOx, SO2

Dust from construction

activities and excavation.

Temporary during

construction phase

only- bulk of the

emissions are

expected from

ground working and

leveling activities.

Earth / solid waste Solid waste from

construction activity and

excavation.

Periodic.

Noise Noise generated from

construction equipment

and machinery

Temporary during

initial construction

phase-due to running

of DG sets

2. Labour Camps Sewage Sewage generated from

temporary labour camps on

site

Temporary – during

the initial

construction phase

Solid Waste Solid Waste generated

from temporary labour

camps on site

Temporary – during

the initial

construction phase

3. Vehicular

movement

Air and noise

emission

Particulates, NOx and CO

from vehicle exhaust

Temporary during

the construction

phase

OPERATION PHASE

1. Vehicular

movement

Air emissions and

noise

Vehicle exhaust emissions Continuous /

Periodic

2. Diesel power

generators

Air emissions

SO2, NOx, PM, CO from

fuel burning

Continuous/Periodic

during power failure

Noise

Noise due to running of

equipment

Continuous/Periodic

during power failure

Hazardous waste Used Oil Generation Periodic, during oil

changes



S.No Activity / Area Pollutant Pollutant Characteristics Frequency

3. Commercial Wastewater Wastewater containing

waste food matter

Continuous

Domestic Solid

waste

Garbage / Food waste Continuous

4. Project area

including

common toilets

Sewage

Domestic wastewater –

BOD, S.S, Pathogens

Continuous

Domestic Solid

Wastes

Bio-degradable and non-

biodegradable wastes

Continuous – small

quantities

5. Raw water

treatment

Wastewater Backwash water discharge Continuous

Solid waste Sludge from coagulation

process

Continuous

6. Sewage treatment

Plant

Solid waste Settled and stabilized

sludge

Continuous

Treated water Treated sewage used for

horticulture

Continuous

7. Diesel Storage Solid waste

Settled sludge during tank

cleaning

Occasional

Oil

Oil spillage – Accidental

large spills due to pipe

rupture

Oil Spillage - Small

quantities due to small pipe

leaks

Accidental / Only

due to poor

housekeeping

8. Maintenance Wastewater Floor washing Continuous

Solid waste Used equipment parts and

garden wastes

Continuous

9. Vehicle Parking

Area

Oil Spills Minor oil leaks in parking

lot

Occasional

– small quantities

10. Storm water

drains

Wastewater Contamination discharge

from site – Mainly

suspended solids

During rainy season

5.2 IMPACT PREDICTION AND IMPACT ASSESSMENT

The primary function of an environmental impact assessment study is to predict and quantify potential

impacts, assess and evaluate the magnitude and their importance in order to develop an environmental

management plan to mitigate the impacts. Environmental impacts could be positive or negative, direct

or indirect, local or regional and also reversible or irreversible.

Baseline environmental conditions at the proposed site for various parameters were provided in

Chapter 4 whereas Table 5.1 given above provides the various pollution loads and stressors that could

impact the environment. This chapter discusses the incremental environmental impacts on the

environmental parameters during the construction and operation phases of the project. The potential

impacts have been identified in Table 5.2. The mitigative measures for the adverse impacts, if any,

are discussed in Chapter 6 of Environmental Management Plan.



TABLE 5.2 IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION & OPERATION

PHASE

S. No Components Aspect Potential Impact

CONSTRUCTION PHASE

1. Ambient Air

Quality

Dust emissions from site

preparation, excavation, material

handling and other construction

activities at Site.

Minor negative impact inside the

premises. No negative impact outside

project site.

Short term

2. Noise

Noise generated from construction

activities, operation of construction

equipment and traffic.

Minor negative impact near noise

generation sources inside premises.

No significant impact on ambient noise

levels at sensitive receptors.

Short term

3. Water quality Surface runoff from project site

Oil/fuel and waste spills.

Improper debris disposal

Discharge of sewage from labour

camp.

Significant negative impact on nearby sea

water , if not properly managed inside the

premises itself..

Short term

4. Landuse and

Aesthetics

Land development No significant impact

5. Topography &

Geology

Site development No Significant Impacts

6. Soil Construction activity leading to

topsoil removal and erosion.

Minor negative impact

7. Ecology

Flora & Fauna

Habitat disturbance during

construction activity


Short term

8. Socio-economy Increased job opportunity for locals.

Economy related to commercial real

estate development, material supply

etc. expected to boom.

Overall positive impact

9. Traffic Pattern Haul Truck movement and

possibility of traffic congestion

outside site access road

No significant impact

Short term

OPERATION PHASE

1 Ambient Air

Quality

Particulate and gaseous emissions

from DG sets and vehicle movement

Minor Negative impact

No significant impact at sensitive receptors

2 Noise

Noise from vehicle movement and

operation of diesel generator sets

during power failure.

Minor negative impact inside premises.

No significant impact at sensitive

receptors.

3 Water Quality Oil/fuel and waste spills.

Discharge of sewage.

Discharge of contaminated storm

water

Significant adverse impact on nearby sea

water, if not properly managed inside the

premises itself

4 Water usage Use of over ~791 KL per day water

at peak demand

No significant impact

5 Soil Storage and disposal of solid and

hazardous wastes

Discharge of sewage




S. No Components Aspect Potential Impact

Fuel and material spills

Pesticides use

6 Ecology

Flora & Fauna

Landuse change

Discharge of wastewater to surface

water bodies

Significant adverse impact on marine

ecology and minor significant impact on

terrestrial ecology

7 Socio-economy Increased job opportunity in the

proposed project for the locals.

Overall positive impact

8 Traffic Pattern The proposed project is likely to add

significantly to the predicted traffic

during peak hours.

Moderate Negative Impact

5.3 IMPACT ON PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT

5.3.1 Impact on Physical Environment during Pre-Construction Phase

5.3.1.1 Land use

The proposed site is basically a horticulture land. Hence, the land use pattern will be changed. The

surrounding land comprises of villages and residential setup and community facilities in the form of

small mosque and church along with few settlement nearby.

The proposed site is in the coastal plains and is slightly undulating. The site surroundings comprise of

rural setup and the land use in the surrounding area comprises of villages with residential set up. No

industrial area is observed in nearby vicinity. Many small scale hotels and resorts are seen adjoining

the coastal areas.

Therefore, it can be adhered that the proposed development of beach resort will change the present

land use pattern of the area.

5.3.2 Impact on Physical Environment during Construction Phase

5.3.2.1 Topography

The proposed development will involve some change in the topography of the area, as the proposed

site is lying in the coastal plain and have slightly undulating terrain with a contour difference of 5 m

in the highest and lowest part of the land. The construction activities will proceed in a manner so as to

maintain the natural slope of the area by proper leveling of land, as and when required. Therefore no

significant impact is anticipated on the local topography of the area.

5.3.2.2 Geology

Quarry material requirements for the proposed development have been estimated, as such the key

natural materials such as earth, sand, stone will be sourced from licensed and government approved

quarries. Hence, no negative impact is envisaged on the local geology of the area.

5.3.2.4 Mineral Resources

No impact on minerals is anticipated because of the construction of proposed beach resort

development, as currently there are no signs of presence of minerals in direct influence area of the

proposed development.



5.3.2.5 Land use

The land acquired for the proposed development is basically a horticulture land. Therefore, the

proposed development would involve permanent change in the present form to a beach resort, having

guest rooms, suites, villas, public areas and amenities.

5.3.2.6 Climate & Meteorology

The climate and meteorological pattern of the region impact due to the proposed development as there

will be low spatially restricted short term impact due to cutting of vegetation. The development

peripheral green belt development and landscape plantation a part of the proposed development, will

help in improving the micro-climate of the region.

5.4 IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT

5.4.1 Impact on Air Environment during Pre- construction Phase

5.4.1.1 Air Emissions Sources

Air emissions have no boundaries and can migrate from one place to another place depending upon

the wind direction and speed. The sources of air emission can be grouped into three categories of

point, area and line sources:

1. A pollutant source that can be treated in a dispersion model as though pollutants were emitted

from a single point that is fixed in space. Example: the mouth of a smoke stack.

2. An array of pollutant sources, so widely dispersed and uniform in strength that they can be treated

in a dispersion model as an aggregate pollutant release from a defined area at a uniform rate. Such

sources may include vehicles and other small engines, small businesses and household activities,

or biogenic sources, such as a forest, that release hydrocarbons.

3. An array of pollutant sources along a defined path that can be treated in dispersion models as an

aggregate uniform release of pollutants along a line. Example: the sum of emissions from

individual cars traveling down a highway can be treated as a line source.

5.4.1.2 Fugitive Emissions from site preparation

During the construction phase of the project, the principal source of air pollution will be dust from

exposed site areas, stockpiling, and movement of vehicles along unpaved roads, excavation and

handling of construction materials.

5.4.2 Impact on Air Environment during Construction Phase

5.4.2.1 Air Quality

During the construction phase, the major sources of air emissions include:

• Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) associated with the construction activity

• Emissions due to the operation of DG sets, to be used for supplying power



In order to quantify the impact of SPM associated with the construction activity, it is planned that the

construction activity will be carried out in phases. The emission sources will be distributed throughout

the project site and will fall under the category of area source.

Basic Consideration

In the absence of information regarding the quantity and type of construction equipment to be

deployed at any particular time, overall emission factor for SPM from construction activities has been

used. Overall SPM emission has been estimated using the emission factor of 1.2 tons SPM/month of

activity/acre as per AP-42 Section 13.2.3.3 (USEPA, 1995). This emission factor is used for

developing emission estimates from construction activities throughout a geographical area and is most

applicable for construction operations with medium activity level, moderate silt contents and semiarid

climate (USEPA, 1995). The derivation of the factor assumes that construction activity occurs 30 days

per month, making the above estimate somewhat conservatively high for total suspended particulate

(U.S. EPA, 1995).

For the air environmental impact assessment study, MoEF recommended air quality model, Industrial

Source Complex Short Term (ISCST3-version 3) has been applied to predict ground level incremental

concentrations (GLCs).

5.4.2.3 Impact on Air Environment during Operation

The major air emissions expected during the operation phase will be due to running of DG sets during

the power failure.

Air Dispersion Model - (ISCST3)

Air dispersion modeling can be used to predict atmospheric concentrations of pollutants at specific

locations (receptors) over specific averaging times (i.e. annual, daily and hourly). An atmospheric

dispersion model accounts for emissions from a source; estimates how high into the atmosphere they

will go, how widely they will spread and how far they will travel based on temporal meteorological

data; and outputs the pattern of concentrations that will occur for various exposure periods, thereby

providing the exposure risks for different receptors.

Industrial Source Complex Short Term (ISCST3) air dispersion model has been used to predict

ground level concentrations of the contaminants emitted from area and point sources at the site during

both the construction and operational phases.

In order to predict the air pollutants, the model requires the following input parameters:

• Hourly meteorological data;

• The source description including emission rates of the various contaminants, type of source (i.e.

area and point) and source emissions characteristics, as described above;

• The receptor locations and grid layout will be based on the site coordinates, receptor locations

and nature of sources.



5.4.3.2 Impact due to DG sets- Point Source

The total maximum grid demand load is 2956 KW which is to be sourced from Maharashtra state

electricity board. During operation phase, diesel generator sets operated for back-up power supply are

identified as the only major sources of gaseous and particulate emission. SO2, NOx, PM10, PM2.5 and

CO emissions are expected due to fuel combustion in generator sets. To serve as a back-up power

supply for entire project, 5250 kVA of power is to be supplied through 7 D.G sets of 750 KVA

capacity. The specifications of D.G. sets used for modeling are given in Table 5.3.

TABLE 5.3 DG SET SPECIFICATION

The maximum predicted increment in concentrations of SO2, NOx, PM10, and CO due to D.G. sets are

estimated about 3.81 µg/m3, 30.54 µg/m3, 24.17 µg/m3 and 14.63 µg/m3 respectively. The details of

predicted value with background air quality levels along with NAAQS are provided in Table 5.4

through Table 5.7 The spatial distribution of predicted pollutants concentration are also shown in

Figure 5.1 through Figure 5.4. As the D.G. sets will be operated for back-up power supply only,

hence the impact of generation of gaseous pollutants in the ambient environment will be negligible.

TABLE 5.4 MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL SO2 (µG/M3) CONCENTRATION (24 HOURLY AVERAGED)

DUE TO DG SETS

Description Maximum 24 Hour GLC

Concentration (µµµµg/m3)

NAAQS

SO2 Contribution from Site 3.81

80 µg/m3

SO2 Baseline (Average) 8.72

Total SO2 12.53

SO2 Contribution from Site to

Maximum SO2 30.40%

S. No. Particulars Values

1. DG set capacity (KVA) 750

2. No of stacks 7

3. Height of stack 15

4. Diameter of stack (m) 0.35

5. Exit velocity of gas (m/s) 35.1

6. Exit gas Temperature (0C) 492

7. Emission rate (g/s) for each DG set PM10 0.38

NOX 0.48

SOX 0.06

CO 0.23



FIGURE 5.1 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF 24 HOURS AVERAGED SO2 GLC (µG/M3) DUE TO DG SETS

TABLE 5.5 MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL NOX (µG/M3) CONCENTRATION (24 HOURS AVERAGED)

DUE TO DG SETS



NAAQS

NOx Contribution from Site 30.54

80 µG/M3

NOx Baseline (Average) 15.46

Total NOx 46.00

NOx Contribution from Site to

Maximum NOx

66.39%



FIGURE 5.2 SPATIAL VARIATION OF 24 HOURS AVERAGED NOX GLC (µG/M3) DUE TO

DG SETS

TABLE 5.6 MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL PM10 CONCENTRATION (µG/M3)

(24 HOURS AVERAGED) DUE TO D.G. SET



NAAQS

Predicted Incremental PM10

Contribution 24.17

100 µG/M3 PM10 Baseline (Average) 32.64

Resultant PM10 56.81

PM10 Contribution from the

Proposed Project towards

maximum background PM

42.54%



FIGURE 5.3 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF 24 HOURS AVERAGED PM10 GLC (µG/M3) DUE TO

D.G. SETS

TABLE 5.7 MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL CO (µG/M3) CONCENTRATION (1 HOURS AVERAGED) IN

DUE TO DG SET



NAAQS

CO Contribution from Site 14.63

2000 µG/M3

CO Baseline (Maximum) 1114

Total CO 1128.63

CO Contribution from Site to

Maximum CO 1.29%



FIGURE 5.4 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF 8 HOURS AVERAGED CO GLC (µG/M3) DUE TO

DG SETS

5.5 IMPACT ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT

5.5.1 Impact on Noise Environment during Pre-construction

The major noise generating activity during the pre construction period is vehicular movement and

various noise generating equipments, which would be used onsite for construction purpose.

5.5.2 Impact on Noise Environment during Construction and Operation Phase

5.5.2.1 Noise Quality

The noise emission sources during construction phase will include construction

machineries/equipments to be employed at site.

The expected noise levels from the operation of equipment and machineries are provided in Table 5.8

below:

TABLE 5.8: NOISE LEVELS GENERATED FROM CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

Name of Source Noise Level at 16 m (50 ft) from source in dB (A)

Back Hoe/Loader 80

Concrete Mixer Truck 85

Dump Truck 84



Name of Source Noise Level at 16 m (50 ft) from source in dB (A)

Generator 82

Pile Driver 95

Jack hammer 85

(Source:-As per construction Noise Handbook, Federal Highway Administration)

5.5.3.1 Impact due to DG sets

The major source of noise generation during the construction and operation phase will be due to DG

sets used on the project site. The DG sets are proposed to be installed during the construction and

operation phase for power back up supply and hence the noise pollution load will be increase.

However, the DG sets will be provided with acoustic enclosures so as to keep the noise level within

the prescribed standards.

Noise Limit for Generator Sets run with Diesel were notified by Environment (Protection) second

Amendment Rules vide GSR 371(E), dated 17th May 2002 at serial no.94 and its subsequent

amendments.

The maximum permissible sound pressure level for new diesel generator (DG) sets with rated

capacity upto 1000 KVA, manufactured on or after the 1st January, 2005 shall be 75 dB (A) at 1 m

from the enclosure surface.

The diesel generator sets should be provided with integral acoustic enclosure at the manufacturing

stage itself.

Prediction Model

For an approximate estimation of propagation of noise in the ambient air from the area or point

source, a standard mathematical model for sound wave propagation has been used which is as

follows:

Noise (Receptor) = Noise (Source) - 20 Log [distance (Receptor) / distance (Source)]

The incremental noise level during the construction phase will be predicted using the CPCB approved

noise model DHAWANI, applicable for stationary point sources. For the modeling purposes, worst

case scenario has been considered assuming a flat terrain and absence of sound absorbers.

Results and Discussion

The predicted incremental noise levels without control measures have been presented as noise

contours in an area of 1000 m x 1000 m. Modeling has been done by assuming 6 DG sets during the

construction phase and 7 DG sets during the operation phase.

Modeling results indicate that the cumulative noise level is expected to be within the permissible

AAQSRN standards of 55 dB(A) at a distance of about 200 m both during the construction and

operation phase. The predicted noise levels are without mitigation measures and it is assumed that

with the adoption of the mitigation measures noise levels will be further restricted within very

short distances from the source.

With respect to occupational exposure, the permissible threshold is 90 dB (A) for 8 hours per day.

Thus, based on the modeling results, it can be concluded that all sensitive receptors (i.e. labour



colonies) will be located beyond 200 meters from the noise generating sources during construction

activities.

FIGURE 5.5 Spatial Variation of Incremental Noise Level during Construction Phase

without Control



FIGURE 5.6 Spatial Variation of Incremental Noise Level during Operation Phase without

Control

DG sets will be used only in emergency for back up supply. It will be ensured that the DG sets are

enclosed in acoustic enclosures and comply with the prescribed CPCB norms



5.6 IMPACT ON WATER ENVIRONMENT

5.6.1 Impact on Water Environment during Construction Phase

Surface water resources

The water requirement during construction phase will mainly comprise of water for construction

purposes and water demand for labourers. The water during construction phase will be sourced

through tanker water supply. There will be no extraction of water from surface water resources for

using in the proposed development; hence no impact on surface water resources is envisaged.

Groundwater resources

The proposed development would not extract any ground water resources, as the water requirement

during the construction phase will be met through tanker water supply.

5.6.1.2 Water Requirement

The water requirement during construction phase can be broadly divided into two categories.

• Construction activities (55 KLD) which is the peak period demand during construction phase

• Domestic water requirement for labourers (25 KLD) considering 500 labors deployed at the

construction period.

The total water requirement during the construction phase would be around 80 KLD.

5.6.1.2 Wastewater Generation

It is expected that 20 KLD of waste water will be generated from labour, which will be disposed off in

septic tanks. The waste water from septic tanks will be disposed through mobile STP tankers.

Construction activities for the proposed development can have minor impact on hydrology and ground

water quality of the area. Potential impacts on the hydrology and ground water quality have been

discussed as under.

� Soil runoff from the site leading to off-site contamination (particularly during rainy season).

� Improper disposal of construction debris leading to off-site contamination of water resources.

� Unaccounted disposal of domestic wastewater from temporary labour camps.

� Spillage of oil & grease from the vehicles and wastewater stream generated from on- site

activities such as vehicles washing etc.

5.6.1.4 Construction & development of site

Development of the proposed site could lead to stockpiling and excavation activity on site, thereby

causing erosion of base soil. The runoff from the site may contain high quantity of suspended solids

(SS). The impact of runoff on nearby sea water may not be very significant except during rainy season.

Further construction of garland drains will reduce the runoff from the stockpiles.

5.6.1.5 Site Workshop

The repair and maintenance of equipments/vehicles on site would generate waste containing oil and

grease. The wastewater stream would also be generated from vehicle washing. The impact will be

mitigated to a great extent by installing oil and grease traps during construction phase.



5.6.1.6 Construction of roads & parking areas

The impact from the road construction depends on both the construction practices and the type of

material used. The waste material generated will be construction debris, which can be used in site

leveling and any other type of waste like packaging materialswould be stock piled and disposed

properly.

5.1.6.7 Construction Labour

During construction phase, wastewater shall be generated due to construction workers. Water quality of

nearby sources may be impacted if the sewage is disposed without any prior treatment.

It is proposed to deploy local population from nearby villages to the maximum extent possible so the

waste water generation at site will be minimal. Also septic tanks will be used on site for disposal of

waste water generated during construction phase

5.6.2 Impact on Water Environment during Operation Phase

5.6.2.1 Water Requirement

During the operation phase, the ultimate water requirement considering all planned developments is

expected to be 791 KLD. This includes water requirement for domestic activities, water for landscape

development and for HVAC cooling purposes of the entire development, once fully become

operational. The estimates have been worked out on the basis of norms as part of the “Manual on

norms and Standards for Environment Clearance of Large Construction Projects, MoEF”, and

CPHEEO manual on “Water Supply and Treatment”.

The water requirements are planned to be met through public supply and if in case, ground water

extraction is required, due permission will be taken from the CGWA. The project proposes to recycle

treated wastewater for flushing, landscaping and partial HVAC cooling water thereby reducing the

fresh water requirement and is expected to be in the order of 496 KLD. The ultimate water demand

estimated for various activities within the proposed development, is as shown in Table 5.9.

TABLE 5.9: ULTIMATE WATER REQUIREMENTS FOR PROPOSED PROJECT

S.N. Details Quantity in KLD

1 Domestic Other Than Flushing 272

2 Flushing 48

3 HVAC cooling 78

4 Filter Back Wash 25

5 Swimming Pool and other Process Water Wash 55

4 landscaping 238

5 Water body 75

5.1 West Zone 20

5.2 East Zone 30

5.3 Pools of Villas Clusters 13

5.4 Villa Common Pools 7

5.5 SPA Pool 4

Total 791 KLD (*Source: MoEF Manual on norms and standards for Environmental Clearance of large construction projects,

CPHEEO Manual on Water Supply & treatment)



5.6.2.2 Wastewater Generation and Characteristics

The total wastewater generated from the project site will be 310 KLD. This wastewater generated

will be treated in an on-site sewage treatment plants based on Membrane Bio-Reactor (MBR) process

upto tertiary level having total design capacity of 375 KLD.

The total reclaimed water available for use is 295 KLD out of which 238 KLD will be used for

landscaping, 48 KLD for flushing, and 9 KLD for partial HVAC cooling. The water balance for

proposed development of beach resort are as shown in Annexure 5.1.

For optimal management (treatment and reuse), wastewater generation has been categorized under

two sources:

• Gray water (wastewater generated from various activities, except for the wastewater produced

from the toilet flushing)

• Black water (wastewater generated from the toilet)

The effluents will be treated to meet the permissible limits as per CPCB guidelines as given in Table

5.10. However, the proposed development will ensure zero discharge of treated effluent. The general

quality of sewage inlet characteristics and treated effluents have been discussed below.

General Quality of Sewage Inlet Characteristics


1. Nature of Waste Sewage

2. pH 6.0-8.0

3. Suspended solid <0.1 mg/L

4. BOD 250-450 mg/L

5. COD 500-800 mg/L

6. TDS 400 mg/L

7. Oil & grease 10 mg/L

Quality of Treated Effluent


1 pH 6.5-8.5


3 BOD <5 mg/L

4 COD <30 mg/L

5 TDS <10 mg/L

TABLE 5.10: STANDARDS FOR EFFLUENT DISPOSAL

S.N Parameter Into inland

surface waters

Into public

sewers, mg/l

On land for

irrigation, mg/l

1 pH 5.5-9.0 5.5-9.0 5.5-9.0

2 BOD for 5 days at 20 oC, mg/L 30 350 100

3 Chemical Oxygen Demand, mg/L 250 - -

4 Suspended Solids, mg/L 100 600 200

5 Total Dissolved Solids, mg/L 2100 2100 2100

6 Temperature, mg/L 40 45 -

7 Oil and grease, mg/L 10 20 10



S.N Parameter Into inland

surface waters

Into public

sewers, mg/l

On land for

irrigation, mg/l

8 Phenolic compounds, mg/L 1 5 -

9 Cyanides, mg/L 0.2 2 0.2

10 Sulphides, mg/L 2 - -

11 Fluorides, mg/L 2 15 -

12 Total residual chlorine, mg/L 1 - -

13 Pesticides, mg/L - - -

14 Arsenic, mg/L 0.2 0.2 0.02

15 Cadmium , mg/L 2 1 -

16 Chromium (Hexavalent) , mg/L 0.2 2 -

17 Copper, mg/L 3 3 -

18 Lead, mg/L 0.1 1 -

19 Mercury , mg/L 0.01 0.01 -

20 Nickel , mg/L 3 3 -

21 Selenium , mg/L 0.05 0.05 -

22 Zinc, mg/L 5 15 -

23 Chlorides, mg/L 1000 1000 600

24 Boron, mg/L 2 2 2

25 Sulphates, mg/L 1000 1000 1000

26 Sodium ( 9%), mg/L - 60 60

27 Ammonical Nitrogen, mg/L 50 50 -

28 Radioactive materials 10-7 10-7 10-8

29 Alpha emitters (milicurie/ml) 10-6 10-6 10-7

The impact on water environment will not be significant as the proposed development would not

extract groundwater resources. However, if in case of any withdrawal from ground water, due

permission will be taken from CGWA.

The proposed development is not likely to have any impact on the water quality of the area as it is

committed not to discharge any effluents outside the developed area and ensured zero discharge of

effluent. Thus, full reutilization of treated effluent will be done on site through landscaping, flushing

and for HVAC requirement.

5.7 IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT

5.7.1 Impact on Land Environment during Construction Phase

Earthwork

The proposed site is an undulating terrain with a variation of 7 m between the highest and lowest

contour level, thereby increasing the leveling requirement. Once the leveling of the land is done, the

construction of buildings for various purposes will be carried out, which will entail excavation of

material.

Total excavated earth = 30000 cum.

The cut and fill will be balanced by volume of earth which would be excavated. No extra earth will be

required .



The soil of the proposed site may be affected due to improper waste disposal on the site but in view of

proper waste management for construction and demolition waste, chemical waste and municipal solid

waste generated during the construction phase no impact is envisaged on soil.

Wastes which are likely to be generated during the construction phase include the following:

Construction and Demolition Waste

The proposed development will involve generation of construction and demolition (C&D) waste. The

waste generated from various other construction activities contain a mixture of inert and non-inert

material, which include waste timber formwork, spent concrete and cement screening, material and

equipment wrappings. This will be disposed of with help of local vendor.

Municipal Waste

The municipal waste generated during the construction phase will comprise of waste generated from

the temporary labour camps.

Workers engaged during construction phase will generate municipal solid wastes such as food wastes,

packaging and wastepaper. The waste from labor camps would be mainly household domestic waste

and it is estimated to be 0.05 TPD.

The waste generation during construction phase will not have any impact as the waste generated from

labour camps will be predominantly organic in nature and will be stored within the construction area

for biodegradation and covered with soil layer (daily cover) on regular basis.

5.7.1.5 Drainage

The site is located near the seashore and therefore proper care need to be taken to avoid any runoff

from the project site into the sea water. The site is an undulating terrain, with a considerable variation

of highest and lowest part of the land.

The proposed project would involve construction of paved areas and thus the runoff from the project

site is expected to increase. However, the increased runoff will not cause flooding or water logging

because a well-designed storm water network will be provided within the entire site premises, which

will be stored in pond or tank.

5.7.2 Impact on Land Environment during Operation Phase

Soil

During the operation phase, carefully designed landscaped areas and plantation will be maintained.

No significant impact is expected on the soils on and around the site, due to the following

management measures:

i. All solid and hazardous wastes from the project will be properly collected, stored and disposed.

An integrated solid waste management plan will be developed as per the details given in

Chapter 6.

ii. Wastewater will be treated and disinfected and reused for various purposes on site and will not

be discharged outside the premises.

iii. Storm water will be stored properly and reused within the premises.

iv. Secondary containment will be provided in fuel, oil and other material storage areas.



v. The entire site area will be well paved and thus there will be no leaching of any substances in

case of spills.

Hence, no negative impact on soil quality in the study area is expected due to the project activities.

Impacts due to Solid Waste Disposal

During operation phase, solid waste will be generated from various activities, which have been

quantified on the basis of Manual for Municipal solid waste management and handling (MSW Rules,

2000) and as per the norms prescribed by Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering

Organization (CPHEEO) for biodegradable and non biodegradable waste and is shown in Table 5.11.

The generated solid waste will be disposed off and due to the improper disposal of waste the soil of

the proposed site and the surrounding areas is likely to be affected.

TABLE 5.11: EXPECTED SOLID WASTE GENERATION

S.N. Nature Quantity

(Kg/day)

Method of disposal

1. Bio-degradable 786.16 Treated on site

2. Non-biodegradable

Sold out to authorized recycler 2.1 Recyclable 333.12

2.2 Hazardous 79.94 Sold to vendor authorized by

MPCB

2.3 Inert 133.24 Disposal to the site of

Nagarparishad, Vengurala

Total quantity of waste generated during the

operation phase

1.3 TPD

The total waste generated from the proposed project is expected to be about 1.3 TPD comprising of

biodegradable, non biodegradable, hazardous and inert waste. Proper segregation, collection, storage,

treatment and disposal facilities for various categories of waste will be provided in accordance with

the regulatory requirements.

MSW including horticulture waste will be generated during the operation phase and will be handled

as per the Municipal Solid Waste Management & Handling Rules, 2000. Segregation at source will be

introduced with bio-degradable and non recyclable/non-biodegradable waste to be stored and

collected separately. The biodegradable waste will be stored, treated on site and then transported to

nearest designated waste storage bins, where as the non recyclable and non biodegradable waste will

be disposed off to authorized recyclers.

The inert waste will be disposed to the site of Nagarparisahd Vengurala.

The sewage sludge will be generated from the sewage treatment plant and will be disposed off. The

sludge from the water treatment plant could be used in horticulture.

During this phase, environmental impact from solid waste disposal can typically include

contamination of soil, ground water, surface water and air quality. Solid waste, if disposed improperly

can cause following impact on the environment.

� Ground water contamination by leachate generated by non-scientific dumping.

� Surface water contamination by the run off from the dumping site



� Bad odor, Pests, rodents and wind blown litter in and around the dumping site.

� Generation of inflammable gases (e.g. Methane)

� Fires within the waste dump.

� Bird menace above dumping site which affects flight of air craft

� Erosion and stability problem relating to slope of the dumping site

� Epidemic through stray animals

� Increased concentration of acidity in the surrounding soil

� Release of green house gases.

Impacts may also result from improper siting, inadequate design and poor operation. However for the

proposed project, impacts from waste disposal would not be significant, since waste would be

converted to compost at the project site using suitable composting technique and Rejects from

compost along with non-recyclable and non-compostable fraction of waste would be disposed as per

the Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000.

5.7.2.3 Impacts due to E-Waste

The generated e-waste from the proposed development will be stored at a warehouse to be setup

within site and will be sent to authorized recyclers or e-waste processing plants for treatment as per E-

Waste [Management & Handling] Rules, 2010.

5.8 IMPACT ON ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

5.8.1 Impact on Ecological Environment during Construction Phase

The proposed site is having lots of trees of significant importance and has over 60% ground cover by

the well grown orchards (List of site flora has been provided in baseline chapter under ecology

section). Trees are matured and are over 20 years old. The core zone (Project site) is basically is a

horticultural land and there is no forest land in and around the site. In the buffer zone (10 km radius in

the surrounding area) has no Reserved or Protected forest.

During the construction phase, impact may be envisaged on the above local flora. In view of this,

proper mitigation measures would be taken during the construction phase and proper green belt will

be provided after the completion of the project.The existing trees will be incorporated in the landscape

development. Detailed landscape plan has been discussed below in EMP chapter.

The site did not show any significant reptilian population. Excepting the Bronze back, the other snake

species were determined by occurrence of old moults found on the site. The site did not show any

significant varieties of mammals. The only mammal that was seen sporadically was palm squirrel.

During the construction phase, temporary impact on local fauna may be envisaged at the proposed

project site and therefore proper mitigation measures will be taken during this phase in order to avoid

any adverse impact on above mentioned local terrestrial species

The bird activity was found to be high. Mainly the insectivores species were active throughout the

study period. The dense plantation, mixed with local weeds and other species ensures a good butterfly

habitat

During the construction period these species might get disturbed, however, this situation will be for a

very shorter period of time and multilayered peripheral greenbelt will provide an excellent habitat for



these species once the project landscape becomes fully grown. Hence, no long term impact to this

local avifauna is envisaged from this resort beach development.

5.8.2 Impact on Ecological Environment during Operation Phase

The likely impacts of the proposed development during the operation phase include air and noise

pollution and disturbance generated due to area lighting and traffic movement. This may affect the

mammals and birds in the vicinity.

The landscape development will consider the nativity of the species so that local faunal species are

supported further. Moreover, landscaping of approximately 25.10 acres will be carried out as part of

the proposed development.

5.9 IMPACT ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

5.9.1 Impact on Socio-Economic Environment During Construction Phase

Social Impact Assessment involves the processes of analyzing, monitoring and managing the intended

and unintended social consequences both positive and negative of planned interventions and any

social change processes invoked by those interventions. Its primary purpose is to bring about a more

sustainable and equitable biophysical and human environment. This section discusses the proposed

development, project activities and the extent of potential impacts anticipated from the proposed

development.

During the social consultation process, some issues were raised, which are as follows:

• Priority to the local people for employment during construction and operation phase.

• Increased activity in the area would hamper free movement of villagers

The above concerns of the local community are addressed in the impact assessment and management

plan.

5.9.2 Impact on Socio-Economic Environment during Operation Phase

Positive Impacts

Regional Development: The proposed project will have a positive effect in creation of job

opportunities for the people in the project area. There will be a need for employing technical, non

technical, administrative and support staff during this phase, for which due preference will be given to

the locals based on their skill sets. The improvement in the physical infrastructure and land use

change will lead to significant appreciation of the land value. Scope will be widened for other

investors and developers also to invest in the area.

Employment and Job opportunity: The proposed development will generate employment for all

sectors of the society with the type of opportunity vary from technical, non-technical, administrative,

support staff etc. Other potential developers would also be interested in investing in this area thereby

opening more employment opportunities for the people in the whole area.



Accessing prevailing utilities: The resources being utilized by the locals will not be affected in any

way as all the resources and infrastructure in the proposed development is self-contained. Adequate

sewerage facility, solid waste disposal, water harvesting system, drainage etc will be developed within

the project premises.

Ancillary activities: The proposed development is beach resort, which will trigger ancillary

commercial activities in the nearby region and will have an positive impact on the social environment.

Benefits to women: During the construction phase, the proposed project will provide opportunity of

employment related to construction activities. During the operation phase there will be considerable

opportunities of employment due to demand of domestic help and other such requirements of the

habitants of the project. The proximity of the project site to nearby village will benefit local women in

getting involved in such jobs.

Negative Impacts

Traffic and Transport: During the construction phase, truck movement due to construction activities

will take place. In order to minimize any inconvenience that may arise, the movement of trucks would

be allowed during night and non-peak hours. During the operation phase, the traffic in the area is

likely to increase. This may lead to traffic congestion and inconvenience for pedestrians and residents

accessing the localities. The traffic study and Transportation Management Plan being developed for

the project will mitigate these impacts.

Transit Labour population: Labourers for the project would be from surrounding areas. About 450-500

labourers would be working on the site and most of them would be on contract or from the neighbouring

settlements.

Negligible Impacts

Resettlement & rehabilitation issues: Since there is no existing settlement on the proposed project area,

hence there is no issue of resettlement or rehabilitation.

Demography: During construction and operation phase, some of the work force is likely to be nonlocal.

It is highly unlikely that this will affect or alter the existing demographic profile and population density.

Impact on historical, archeological & architectural sites: There are no historical or archeological

monuments of significance within 10 kilometers radius of the project and hence no negative impact in

this regard is anticipated.

5.10 IMPACT ON HISTORICAL, ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL SITES

The proposed site and its surrounding areas do not have archaeological structures, hence no such

demolition of any structures are envisaged due to the proposed development.

5.11 SUMMARY OF IMPACTS

A summary of likely impacts due to proposed project is noted in Table 5.12.



TABLE 5.12 SUMMARY MATRIX OF PREDICTED IMPACTS DUE TO PROPOSED PROJECT

S.

No Components Activities Predicted impacts Extent of Impacts

CONSTRUCTION PHASE

1. Ambient Air

Quality

-Dust emissions from

site preparation,

excavation, material

handling and other

construction activities

at Site.

Minor Negative

impact inside the

premises. No

negative impact

outside the site.

Impacts are temporary during

construction phase. Impacts

will be confined to short

distances, as coarse particles

will settle within the short

distance from activities.

2. Noise

-Noise generated from

construction activities

and operation of

construction

equipment

Minor negative

impact near noise

generation sources

inside premises.

No significant

impact on ambient

noise levels at

sensitive receptors.

Temporary impacts during

construction phase. No blasting

or other high intensity noise

activities envisaged.

Contribution of noise during

the operational phase will be

confined in time and space.

3. Water quality

-Surface runoff from

project site

-Oil/fuel and waste

spills.

-Improper debris

disposal

-Discharge of sewage

from labour camp.

Minimal due to

effective EMP

proposal

Impact will be temporary.

Local labour will be employed.

Workers shall be provided

potable water for drinking.

Proper mitigation measures

will be taken to avoid any

runoff in the nearby seashore.

4 Landuse and

Aesthetics

-Land development

Permanent positive

impact

The project has ample open

areas and green spaces, with

sustainable infrastructure plan

that will enhance the visual

appeal of the area.

5 Topography

and Geology

-Existing site is

undulating and

therefore proper

levelling is required to

maintain the natural

topography of the area

Minor Impacts

Region is undulating and hence

proper mitigation measures are

required to maintain the local

topography of the area. No

deposits of minerals on site

leading to loss of revenue.

Building will be designed as

per IS standards for earthquake

protection.

6. Soil

-Construction activity

leading to topsoil

removal and erosion.

Minor negative

impact Temporary

7 Ecology

Flora and

-Habitat disturbance

during construction

Significant

negative impact

The site and adjacent areas

may have impact on flora and



S.


Fauna activity fauna diversity of the area and

therefore proper care need to

be taken to minimize the

disturbance to local ecology.

8 Socio-

economy

-Increased job

opportunity for locals.

Economy related to

commercial real estate

development, material

supply etc. expected to

boom.

Overall positive

impact

9 Traffic

Pattern

-Haul Truck movement

and possibility of

traffic congestion

outside site on the

highway.

Minor negative

Impact

OPERATION PHASE

1. Ambient Air

Quality

-Particulate and

gaseous emissions

from DG sets and

vehicle movement

Minor negative

impact inside the

premises from

onsite cars.

Negative impact

outside site from

DG sets.

DG sets will be used only as

back up and would be required

a maximum for 8 hours a day.

A higher stack is

recommended in the EMP.

2. Noise

-Noise from vehicle

movement and

operation of diesel

generator sets during

power failure.

Minor negative

impact inside

premises.

No significant

impact at sensitive

receptors.

Contribution of noise from the

project during operational

phase will be limited to minor

increase.

3. Water

Quality

-Oil/fuel and waste

spills.

-Discharge of sewage.

-Discharge of

contaminated storm

water

No significant

adverse impact

Proper waste management plan

and storm water management

plan will be developed inside

the premises only to avoid any

contamination of nearby

seashore water.



S.


4. Water

Availability

-Use of ~ 496 KLD

fresh water

requirement at peak

Minor negative

impact Public supply

5 Soils

-Storage and disposal

of solid and hazardous

wastes

-Discharge of sewage

-Fuel and material

spills

-Pesticides use

Minor negative

impact

6.

Ecology

Flora and

Fauna

-Landuse change

-Discharge of

wastewater to surface

water bodies

Minor negative

impact

In whole study area highly

significant flora and fauna was

recorded. Therefore proper

care will be taken during the

construction and operation

phase to avoid any disturbance

to local ecology The existing

trees will be incorporated in

the landscape development.

7. Socio-

economy

-Increased job

opportunity for locals

in the site for general

services inside the

project.

-Project will involve

road upgrading, better

power supply, water

source and other

infrastructure facilities

etc.

Overall positive

impact --

8. Traffic

Pattern

-The project is likely to

add to the traffic on

nearby roads

Moderate Negative

Impact

Traffic management measures

and additional road

infrastructure will be planned

by the developers with the

consent of the concerned

authorities to meet the

increased traffic loads.


6-83 Environment Management Plan

CHAPTER 6. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

6.1 INTRODUCTION

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is the key to ensure that the environmental quality of the

zone under impact does not deteriorate due to the construction and operation of the project. The EMP

comprises a set of measures to be taken in different phases of the project such as construction and

operation to reduce adverse environmental impacts to an acceptable level. Mitigation plans generally

evolve around remediation and offsetting.

6.2 CAPACITY BUILDING FOR EMP IMPLEMENTATION

The EMP will be implemented by Elite Township Private Limited, especially during construction.

Elite Township Pvt. Ltd. will achieve capacity building in Environmental field through appointment

of a team of expert environmental professionals or professional with skill set in environment

management. All environmental monitoring work will be undertaken by the contractors through an

approved and NABL accredited laboratory.

6.3 IMPLEMENT ARRANGEMENTS FOR EMP

The implementation of the EMP will be initiated by M/s Elite Township Pvt. Ltd. Elite Township Pvt.

Ltd. will have a multi disciplinary team and will also have an environmental management cell having

a senior level environmental expert supported by a numbers of middle level environmental experts.

This team will ensure compliances of mitigation measures and all statutory requirements. The team

will also implement all EMP provisions and respective environmental experts will supervise EMP

implementation. The senior environmental expert will mainly report EMP compliances to

management and statutory undertakers. The EMP implementation chart has been given as Figure 6.1.

6.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN MATRIX

The Environmental Management Plan is meant for mitigation/management /avoidance of the negative

impacts and the enhancement of the various environmental components of the project. The measure

adopted and /or to be adopted during the different stages of the project have been detailed in Table

6.1, for pre construction, construction and operation phases respectively.



FIGURE 6.1: EMP IMPLEMENTATION CHART



TABLE 6.1 : ENVIRONNEMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN MATRIX

S. No. Environmental Aspect/Issue Management Measures Responsibility

Planning And Pre-Construction Phase

1. Land Acquisition

The land has already been purchased from the private property holder at

prevailing market prices and hence it does not involve any land related issues.

M/s Elite Township Pvt. Ltd. will ensure that any additional environmental

impacts resulting in the land will be properly addressed and integrated into the

EMP and other relevant documents.

Project Proponent

2. Preservation of Trees The proposed project does not involve any trees accept cutting of small bushes

and ground vegetation. Project Proponent through Contractor

3. Crushers, hot-mix plants and

Batching Plants Location

Batching plants with air control measures will be located within the project site.

The plant will comply with the requirements of the relevant current emission

control legislations and Consent/NOC for all such plants will be submitted to

Project Proponent. Arrangements to control dust pollution through provision of

windscreens, sprinklers, and dust encapsulation will also be provided at all such

sites.

Project Proponent through Contractor

4. Other Construction Vehicles,

Equipment and Machinery

All vehicles, equipment and machinery procured for construction will comply with

the Bureau of India Standard (BIS) norms. The discharge standards formulated

under the Environment Protection Act, 1986 will be strictly adhered to.

Noise limits for construction equipments such as compactors, rollers, front

loaders concrete mixers, cranes (moveable), vibrators and saws will not exceed

75 dB (A), measured at one meter from the edge of the equipment in free field,

as specified in the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.


5. Arrangement for Construction

Water

Tanker water will be used for fulfilling the water requirement during construction

period.

The contractor will not be allowed to use any community water resource, any

irrigation canal or any surface water body for construction activities.


6. Labor Requirements Unskilled labor from local communities will be given preference so as to provide

maximum benefit to the local community. Project Proponent through Contractor




7. Construction Camp Locations –

Selection, Design and Lay-out

Labour camps will be such that there will no conflicts and stress over the

infrastructure facilities with the local community.

Location for stockyards for construction materials will be made within the site, so

as to avoid day transportation of raw material.

The waste disposal and sewage system for the labour camps will be designed in

a manner such that there are no adverse impacts on the surrounding areas.


8. Orientation of Implementing

Agency and Contractors

Project Proponent will organize orientation sessions and regular on-site training

sessions during all stages of the project including training for local workers as

well as for the contractor staff.

Environment Management Cell of Project

Proponent

Construction Phase

Site Clearing

1. Site Clearing

The proposed site will be cleared off all the weeds, shrubs and ground

vegetation prior to commencement of any construction activity. Project Proponent through Contractor

2. Other Construction Wastes

Disposal

Disposal locations will be identified as a part of Comprehensive Solid Waste

Management Plan to be prepared by the Contractor in consultation and with

approval of Project Proponent.

Contractor will ensure that any spoils of material unsuitable for embankment fill

will not be disposed off near any water course, agricultural land, and natural

habitat like grass lands or pastures. Such spoils from excavation can be used to

reclaim borrow pits and low-lying areas located in barren lands along the project

area.

All waste materials will be completely disposed and the site will be fully cleaned

and certified by Environmental Management Cell of Project Proponent before

handing over.


Procurement of Construction Material

3.

Transporting Construction

Materials and Haul Road

Management

Contractor will maintain all roads (existing or built for the project), which are used

for transporting construction materials, equipment and machineries as précised.

All vehicles delivering fine materials to the site will be covered to avoid spillage of

materials.





Contractor will arrange for regular water sprinkling as necessary for dust

suppression of all such roads and surfaces.

The unloading of materials at construction sites in/close to settlements will be

restricted to daytime only.

4. Construction Water

The contractor will use the tanker water supply.

The contractor will take all precaution to minimize the wastage / usage of water

in the construction process/ operation.


Construction Work

5. Disruption to Other Users of

Water

It will be ensured by the contractor that only tanker water will be used for

construction purposes and no water is withdrawn from any community water

bodies.


6. Drainage and Flood Control

Contractor will ensure that no construction materials like earth, stone, ash will be

disposed off which can block any flow of water

Contractor will take all necessary measures to prevent the blockage of water

flow. In addition to the design requirements, the contractor will take all required

measures to prevent any temporary or permanent change in the drainage pattern

of the area.


7. Degradation of Water Quality

It will be ensured by the contractor that any surface run off during construction

activities will be diverted through garland drains into a collection tank wherein it

will be separated for oil and silt, thereby making it fit to be used for construction

activities or disposal to nearby water bodies.


Pollution

8. Water Pollution from

Construction Wastes

The Contractor will take all precautionary measures to prevent the wastewater

generated during construction from entering into streams, water bodies or the

irrigation system.

All waste arising from the proposed development will be disposed off as per the

norms of State Pollution Control Board.





9. Water Pollution from Fuel and

Lubricants

The contractor will ensure that all construction vehicle parking location,

fuel/lubricants storage sites, vehicle, machinery and equipment maintenance and

refueling sites will be located close to the project site.

All location and lay-out plans of such sites will be submitted by the Contractor

prior to their establishment and will be approved by Project Proponent.

Contractor will ensure that all vehicle/machinery and equipment operation,

maintenance and refueling will be carried out in such a way that spillage of fuels

and lubricants does not contaminate the ground. Oil interceptors will be provided

for vehicle parking, wash down and refueling areas as per the design provided.

Contractor will arrange for collection and storing and disposal of oily wastes and

the same will be sold to vendors authorized by MoEF for recycling. All spills and

collected petroleum products will be disposed off in accordance with MoEF and

SPCB guidelines.

Contractor will certify that all arrangements comply with the guidelines of

SPCB/MoEF or any other relevant laws.


10. Dust Pollution

It will be ensured by the contractor that the construction equipments conform to

relevant dust emission control legislation and that they are located close to the

site, preferably in downwind direction.

The dust pollution during construction activities will be reduced through water

sprinkling, encapsulation of dust source and by erection of screen/barriers.

The pollution monitoring will be conducted as per the monitoring plan.


11.

Emission from Construction

Vehicles, Equipment and

Machineries

Contractor will ensure that all vehicles, equipment and machinery used for

construction are regularly maintained and confirm that pollution emission levels

comply with the relevant requirements of SPCB.

The Contractor will submit PUC certificates for all vehicles/ equipment/machinery

used for the project.


12. Noise Pollution: Noise from

Vehicles, Plants and Equipments

The Contractor will confirm the following:

1. All plants and equipment used in construction (including crushing plant) shall

strictly conform to the MoEF/CPCB noise standards.

2. All vehicles and equipment used in construction will be fitted with exhaust





silencers.

3. Servicing of all construction vehicles and machinery will be done regularly

and during routine servicing operations, the effectiveness of exhaust

silencers will be checked and if found defective will be replaced.

4. At the construction sites within 250 m of the nearest habitation, noisy

construction work such as crushing, concrete mixing, batching will be

stopped during the night time between 10.00 pm to 6.00 am.

5. Monitoring shall be carried out at the construction sites as per the monitoring

schedule and results will be submitted to Project Proponent will be required

to inspect regularly to ensure the compliance of EMP.

Safety

13. Personal Safety

Measures for Labour

Contractor will provide:

1. Personal Protective Equipments (PPE) will be provided to all the labourers

during construction phase.

2. Adequate safety measures for workers during handling of materials at site

will be taken up.

3. The contractor will comply with all the precautions as required for ensuring

the safety of the workmen as per the International Labor Organization (ILO)

Convention No. 62 as far as those are applicable to this contract.

4. The Contractor will mark ‘hard hat’ and ‘no smoking’ and other ‘high risk’

areas and enforce non-compliance of use of PPE with zero tolerance. These

will be reflected in the Construction Safety Plan to be prepared by the

Contractor during mobilization and will be approved by Project Proponent.


14. Traffic and Safety

The contractor will take all necessary measures for the safety of traffic during

construction and provide, erect and maintain such barricades, including signs,

markings, flags, lights and flagmen as proposed in the Traffic Control

Plan/Drawings for the information and protection of traffic approaching or

passing through the section of any existing cross roads.

The contractor will ensure that all signs, barricades, pavement markings are

provided as per the MoRTH specifications.





15. Risk from Electrical

Equipment(s)

The Contractor will take all required precautions to prevent danger from electrical

equipment and ensure that -

1. No material will be so stacked or placed as to cause danger or

inconvenience to any person or the public.

2. All necessary fencing and lights will be provided to protect the public in

construction zones.

3. All machines to be used in the construction will conform to the relevant

Indian Standards (IS) codes, will be free from patent defect, will be kept in

good working order, will be regularly inspected and properly maintained as

per IS provision.


16. Risk Force Measure

The contractor will take all reasonable precautions to prevent danger to the

workers and public from fire, flood etc. resulting due to construction activities.

The contractor will make required arrangements so that in case of any mishap all

necessary steps can be taken for prompt first aid treatment. Construction will

submit Site Specific Safety Plan and will be approved by Project Proponent. The

safety plan prepared by the Contractor will identify necessary actions in the

event of an emergency.


17. First Aid

The contractor will arrange for -

1. A readily available first aid unit including an adequate supply of sterilized

dressing materials and appliances as per the Factories Rules in every work

zone

2. Availability of suitable transport at all times to take injured or sick person(s)

to the nearest hospital.


18. Informatory Signs and Hoardings The contractor will provide, erect and maintain informatory/safety signs,

hoardings written in English, Hindi and local language, wherever required.


Flora & Fauna (Plantation, Preservation, Conservation Measures)

19. Flora and Fauna

The contractor will take reasonable precaution to prevent his workmen or any

other persons from removing and damaging any flora (plant/vegetation) and

fauna (animal).

If any carcass of any wild animal/ wetland bird is found near the construction site





at any point of time, the contractor will immediately take necessary actions for

dealing with the same.

Labour Camp Management

20. Accommodation

Contractor will follow all relevant provisions of the Factories Act, 1948 and the

Building and the other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and

Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 for construction and maintenance of labor

camp.

The contractor will maintain necessary living accommodation and ancillary

facilities in functional and hygienic manner.

It will also be ensured that, local labour will be hired to the maximum extent

possible.


21. Potable Water

The Contractor will construct and maintain all labor accommodation in such a

way that uncontaminated water is available for drinking, cooking and washing.

The contractor will also guarantee the following:

1. Supply of sufficient quantity of potable water (as per IS) in every

workplace/labor camp site at suitable and regular maintenance of such

facilities.

2. If any water storage tank is provided that will be kept such that the bottom of

the tank at least 1m.

3. c) Testing of water will be done every month as per parameters prescribed

in IS 10500:1991.

Project Proponent through Contractor.

22. Sanitation and Sewage System

The contractor will ensure that

1. the sewage system for the camp are designed, built and operated in such a

way that no health hazards occurs and no pollution to the air, ground water

or adjacent water courses take place

2. separate toilets/bathrooms, wherever required, screened from those from

men (marked in vernacular) are to be provided for women

3. adequate water supply is to be provided in all toilets and urinals

4. all toilets in workplaces are with dry-earth system (receptacles) which are to

be cleaned and kept in a strict sanitary condition





5. human excreta is to be disposed of by putting layer of it at the bottom of a

permanent tank prepared for the purpose and covered with 15 cm. layer of

waste or refuse and then covered with a layer of earth for a fortnight.

23. Waste Disposal

The contractor will provide garbage bins in the camps and ensure that these are

regularly emptied and disposed off in a hygienic manner as per the

Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan, provided by Project Proponent.


Contractor’s Demobilization

24. Clean-up Operations,

Restoration and Rehabilitation

Contractor will prepare site restoration plans. The clean-up and restoration

operations will be implemented by the contractor prior to demobilization. The

contractor will clear all temporary structures; dispose all garbage as per

Comprehensive Waste Management Plan, provided by Project Proponent. All

disposal pits or trenches will be filled in and effectively sealed off.

All construction zones including road-side areas, camps, hot mix plant sites,

crushers, batching plant sites and any other area used/affected by the project will

be left clean and tidy, at the contractor's expense, to the entire satisfaction of

Project Proponent


Operation Phase

1. Monitoring Operation

Performance

Environment Management Cell of Project Proponent will monitor the operational

performance of the various mitigation/ enhancement measures carried out as a

part of the project.

The indicators selected for monitoring include the survival rate of trees; status of

rehabilitation of borrows areas; and utility of noise barriers.


Proponent.

2. Maintenance of Drainage

Facility Management Team of Project Proponent will ensure that all drains (side

drains, median drain and all cross drainages) are periodically cleared especially

before monsoon season to facilitate the quick passage of rainwater and avoid

flooding.

They will also ensure that all the sediment and oil and grease traps set up at the

water bodies are cleared once in every three months.

Facility Management Team of Project

Proponent

3. Pollution Monitoring The periodic monitoring of the ambient air quality, noise level, water (both ground

and surface water) quality, soil pollution/contamination in the selected locations


Proponent through MoEF / NABL Accredited




as suggested in pollution monitoring plan will be responsibility of Project

Proponent, for which monitoring laboratory dully accredited by MoEF / NABL will

be hired.

Laboratory.

4. Air Pollution

Ambient air concentrations of various pollutants will be monitored as envisaged

in the pollution-monitoring plan.

Green belt development will be carried out and maintained.



Laboratory

5. Noise Pollution

Noise pollution will be monitored as per monitoring plan at different zones. Noise

control programs will be enforced strictly.

Monitoring the effectiveness of the pollution attenuation barriers, if there is any,

will be taken up thrice in the operation period.



Laboratory

6. Soil Erosion Visual monitoring and inspection of soil erosion will be carried out once in every

three months as suggested in monitoring plan.


Proponent

7. Maintenance of surface water

bodies

Project Proponent will ensure that no effluent from the proposed development

will be discharged into any surface water bodies. It will ensure that water

conservation measures are being implemented and that the treated effluent is

effectively reused within the site.


Proponent.

8. Energy Conservation Measures Project Proponent will ensure that effective energy conservation measures are

being adopted so as to reduce the power demand.


Proponent

9. Solid waste Management

Project Proponent will ensure that the municipal solid waste generated during the

operation phase of the proposed project will be handled as per the Municipal

Solid Waste Management & Handling Rules, 2000.

The E-waste generated will be handled as per the E-Waste Management &

Handling Rules, 2010, biomedical waste (if generated) will be sent to authorize

biomedical recyclers as per notified Biomedical Waste Management Handling

(Amendment) Rules, 1998.

The hazardous waste will be stored within the site and will be handled as per the

Hazardous Waste Management Handling and Transboundary Movement

(Amendment) Rules, 2009.


Proponent

10. Water Sourcing Project Proponent will ensure that for the proposed development, water from the

existing public supply will be used; however, in case of extraction of water from


Proponent




ground water, necessary permission will be taken from CGWA and

subsequently, the ground water recharge will be done through rain water

harvesting techniques.

11. Wastewater Treatment

Project Proponent will ensure that no untreated wastewater will be discharged

outside the project premises. It will be ensured that the wastewater generated is

treated in STP and is reused for landscaping, flushing and HVAC cooling

purposes within the development.


Proponent

12. Water Conservation Project Proponent will ensure water recycling for landscaping, flushing and

HVAC cooling purposes within the project premises.


Proponent



The detailed Environmental Management Plan (EMP) required to mitigate the adverse environmental

impacts during construction and operation phase of the project are as given below:

6.5 EMP FOR AIR ENVIRONMENT

Construction Phase

6.5.1 Site Preparation

Environmental impacts during construction phase will mainly arise due to civil works such as site

preparation, RCC foundation, construction etc., material and machinery transportation, fabrication and

erection etc. The construction phase impacts are temporary and localized phenomena except the

permanent change in local landscape and land use pattern at the project site. However, they require

due consideration with importance during project execution and also wherever applicable detailed

procedures shall be implemented to prevent/mitigate adverse impacts and occupational hazards.

To mitigate the impact of dust during the construction phase of the proposed project, the following

measures are recommended for implementation:

• A dust control plan; and

• Procedural changes to construction activities.

a. Dust Control Plan

Appropriate measures have been recommended and will be implemented to mitigate the adverse

impacts of dust on health of construction workers and the settlements around the site. The following

measures have been recommended:

� Paving: The major access roads to the site will be paved as a part of the overall development

plan. The material storage areas will also be paved for dust control.

� Graveling: Locally found gravel will be applied to the other access roads to serve as a

protective layer over the exposed soil.

� Water Sprinkling: Water sprinkling will be carried out for the surfaces exposed to high wind

speeds or heavy vehicular movement.

� Reducing Vehicle Speed: High vehicle speeds increase the amount of fugitive dust created

from unpaved areas. Speed bumps will be provided to ensure speed reduction on unpaved

areas.

� Material Storage: All material storage areas will be adequately covered and contained so that

they are not exposed to high wind speeds on site leading to dust/particulate emissions. Fabrics

and plastics will be used for covering soils and debris to reduce fugitive dust emissions.

b. Procedural Changes to Construction Activities

Production and Transportation of Material - The transport of materials such as concrete and asphalt

to the construction sites generate significant amount of road dust, especially for sites that are

relatively far from material manufacturers. Setting up temporary portable concrete plants and/or

asphalt plants at construction sites can eliminate haulage of materials.



Idling Time Reduction - Construction equipment is commonly left idling while the operators are on

break or waiting for the completion of another task. Emissions from idling equipment tend to be high,

since catalytic converters cool down, thus reducing the efficiency of hydrocarbon and carbon

monoxide oxidation. Existing idling control technologies, which automatically shut the engine off

after a preset time can reduce emissions, without intervention from the operators.

Improved Maintenance - Recognizing that significant emission reductions can be achieved through

regular equipment maintenance, contractors will be asked to provide maintenance records for their

fleet as part of the contract bid and at regular intervals throughout the life of the contract.

To mitigate the impacts of DG set operation it will ensured that the DG set would have sufficient

stack height as per CPCB guidelines to disperse the pollutants.

6.5.2 Noise Environment

To mitigate the impact of noise from the construction equipments on site, the following measures are

recommended for implementation:

Time of Operation: Minimum construction activities will be scheduled during night time. Material

transport will be strictly limited to daytime hours to ensure minimum incremental noise during night

hours.

Job Rotation: Workers employed in high noise areas will be engaged in shifts to minimise exposure.

Protective Equipments: Earplugs/muffs or other hearing protective wear will be provided to those

working very close to the noise generating machinery.

Vibration Control: For vibration control, damped tools will be used and the working hours will be

limited.

To mitigate the impacts of noise generation due to DG sets, it will be ensured that DG set is enclosed

in acoustic enclosure and has adequate stack height so as to disperse the emissions.

6.5.3 Construction Material Management

The major construction material to be used for construction include bricks, coarse aggregates, cement,

coarse sand, reinforcement steel, structural steel, aluminium doors & windows, granite and vitrified

tiles for flooring and other water supply & sanitary fittings. The material will be loaded and unloaded

by the engaged labour on site.

The duties of the contractor will include monitoring all aspects of construction activities, commencing

with the storing, loading of construction materials and equipment in order to maintain the quality.

The work should be completed as per the final construction schedule. Bricks should be stacked neatly

at designated place of storage yard. Other material like aggregate, reinforcement and consumables

should also be tidily stored in place and released for use without causing litter around.

The contractor shall be responsible for management of such construction material during entire

construction period of the project. Sufficient quantity of materials should be available before starting

the each activity.



The contractor should test the all the materials in the Government labs or Government approved labs

in order to ensure the quality of materials before construction. This is also the responsibility of the

contractor, which would be clearly mentioned in the contractor’s agreement.

As soon as the construction activity is over the surplus earth shall be utilized to fill up the low-lying

areas, if any. All stationary machines shall be inspected weekly for maintenance and will be fitted

with exhaust pollution control devices.

Operation Phase

To mitigate the impact of pollutants from vehicular traffic as discussed in during the operational phase

of the site the following measures are recommended for implementation:

• Vehicle emission controls and alternatives; and

• Greenbelt development.

6.5.4 Vehicle Emission Controls and Alternatives

The project premises will have specialized parking facilities for smooth traffic movement. The

parking details are given below:

S. No Details Parking Provided

1 Surface 206

2 Bus 2

This is a new development and the parking requirement for the proposed development has been

worked out as per the DCR and MoEF norms. Parking facilities provided inside the project premises

will be ground floor parking areas. A total parking of 264 ECS is proposed for the proposed project

area. The detailed parking plan for the proposed beach resort has been shown in Annexure 6.1.

Proper Road Network: A proper road network shall be constructed within the site boundary for

approach to various equipment/ installations in the site.

Footpaths, and Pedestrian Ways - Adequate footpaths, and pedestrian ways shall be provided at the

site to encourage non-polluting methods of transportation.

Greenbelt Development : Increasing vegetation in the form of greenbelt is one of the preferred

methods to mitigate air pollution. Plants serve as a sink for pollutants, act as a barrier to break the

wind speed as well as allow the dust and other particulates to settle out there. It also helps to reduce

the noise level to some extent. Hence, The project will be so developed that approximately 134029.04

sqm of area will be developed as green area to mitigate air and noise pollution. Details of Greenbelt

development are given in Section 6.10.3. The trees for green belt development, that are proposed to

be grown as barrier to Air pollution are also given in same section.



6.6 EMP FOR NOISE ENVIRONMENT

6.6.1 Construction Phase

During the construction phase, there would be a temporary increase in ambient noise levels due to

construction machinery operation and movement of construction vehicles. Though the industrial

countries have specified limits for occupational noise exposure, the permissible noise exposure limit

for industrial workers is primarily concerned with harmful effects of noise and its objective is to

protect the hearing of working people. The American Conference on Government of Industrial

Hygienists (ACGIH), USA, has prescribed the following permissible noise exposure limits for

industrial workers as given in Table 6.2.

TABLE 6.2 STANDARDS FOR OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE

Exposure time in hours/day Limit in dB(A)

8 90

4 93

2 96

½ 99

¼ 102

1/8 105

1/16 111

1/32 115

Exposure to continuous and intermittent noise levels louder than 115 dB(A) should not be permitted.

Following mitigation / management measures shall be adopted during construction period:

� For protection of construction workers, earplugs should be provided to those workers who will be

working very close to noise generation source.

� Servicing of all construction vehicles and machinery shall be done regularly and during routine

servicing operations, the effectiveness of exhaust silencers shall be checked and if found defective

will be replaced. Vehicles hired for bringing construction materials at sight shall conform to the

noise emission standards and shall be operated during non peak hours.

� Workers employed in high noise areas will be rotated. Earplugs/muffs, or other hearing protective

wear will be provided to those working very close to the noise generating machinery.

� Smooth flow of traffic should be ensured on the internal road to avoid idling and honking of

vehicles.

� Ambient Noise level monitoring shall be conducted at suitable locations at periodic intervals

during construction phase to conform to the stipulated standards both during day and night time.

Data shall be reviewed and analysed by the project manager for adhering to any strict measure.

� Noise levels will also be monitored at point sources for occupational noise exposure and ensuring

health risk.



6.6.2 Operation Phase

To mitigate the impact of noise due to vehicular movement during the operational phase the greenbelt

development is recommended as per the details mentioned in Section 6.10.3 and proper traffic

management is also proposed to be implemented.

6.7 EMP FOR WATER ENVIRONMENT


To prevent degradation and maintain the quality of the nearby seashore water/other water bodies,

adequate control measures have been proposed to check the surface run-off, as well as uncontrolled

flow of water into any water body. Following management measures are suggested to protect the

water quality during the construction phase.

- Avoid excavation during monsoon season.

- Care should be taken to avoid soil erosion.

- Pit latrines and community toilets with temporary septic tanks shall be constructed on the site

during construction phase to prevent wastewater from entering the water bodies.

- To prevent surface and ground water contamination by oil/grease, leak proof containers should be

used for storage and transportation of oil/grease. The floors of oil/grease handling area should be

kept effectively impervious. Any wash off from the oil/grease handling area or workshop shall be

drained through impervious drains, Clarifiers or oil/water separators shall be constructed and

effluent should be treated appropriately before releasing it.

- Construction activities generate disturbed soil, concrete fines, fertilizer, oils and other wastes. On-

site collection and settling of storm water, prohibition of equipment wash downs, and prevention

of soil loss and toxic releases from the construction site are necessary to minimize water

pollution.

- All stacking and loading areas should be provided with proper garland drains equipped with

baffles to prevent run off from the site to enter any water body.

6.7.2 Operation Phase

In the operation phase of the project, water conservation and development measures need to be taken

including all possible potential for conservation of water, reuse, harvesting and recycling of water.

These could be in the form of the following:

- Water source Development

- Minimizing water consumption

- Promoting reuse of water after treatment and development of closed loop systems for different

water streams.

6.7.2.1 Water Source Development

At the project site, use of rainwater recharging will be done through a rain water lagoon. The size of

rain water lagoon is about 10,000 sqm to recharge the entire runoff generated from the proposed

project. The layout of storm water line showing the rain water lagoon is enclosed as Annexure 6.2.



6.7.2.2 Minimizing water consumption

Water consumption will be minimized by a combination of water saving devices such as

implementing fixtures that are low flow and water efficient models together with other water

conservation measures. Furthermore, to ensure ongoing water conservation, an employee education

and awareness programme will be introduced for the staff working during the operation phase at the

beach resort. Following section discusses the specific measures, which shall be implemented;

Domestic Usage

- Use of water efficient plumbing fixtures (low flow toilets and urinals,). Water efficient plumbing

fixtures use less water with no marked reduction in quality and service.

- Leak detection and repair techniques.

- Sweep with a broom and pan where possible, rather than hose down for external areas;

- Meter water usage, employ measurement & verification methods. Monitoring water use is a

precursor for management.

- Awareness campaign to disseminate knowledge on strategies and technologies that can be used

for water conservation.

Horticulture

- Plants with similar water requirements shall be grouped on common zones to match precipitation

heads and emitters.

- Use of low-volume, low-angle sprinklers for lawn areas.

- Select controllers with adjustable watering schedules and moisture sensors to account for seasonal

variations, and calibrate them during commissioning.

- Selecting a drought resistant grass, and using lawn chemicals and fertilizer sparingly also reduces

watering needs.

- Place 3 to 5 in. of mulch on planting beds to minimize evaporation.

Promoting Reuse of Water after Treatment

To promote reuse and development of closed loop system for water, segregation of two schemes are

proposed namely:

(i) Wastewater Treatment scheme

(ii) Storm water management scheme.

i) Wastewater Treatment Scheme:

As explained in Section 5.6.2, The total wastewater generation is 310 KLD which will be treated in

an onsite STP of 375 KLD capacity. The total reclaimed water available for use is 295 KLD out of

which 238 KLD will be used for landscaping, 48 KLD for flushing, and 9 KLD for partial HVAC

cooling. Dual plumbing system will be provided for the proposed project and the plan of same is

enclosed as Annexure 6.3.



Sanitation infrastructure for Wastewater Treatment and its reuse will consist of :

- Wastewater collection & conveyance system.

- Wastewater treatment & disposal arrangement.

The total wastewater generation is 310 KLD which will be treated in an onsite STP of 375 KLD

capacity based on submersible membrane bioreactor system.

Sewage Treatment Plant (by using submersible membrane bioreactor)

STP based on the Membrane Bio-Reactor (MBR) is a combination of Activated Sludge process

combined with absolute filtration (with Ultra Filtration).

Bio-Degradation is carried out due to the presence and growth of Microorganisms and suspended

solids. These suspended solids and Microorganisms are separated from water by membrane unit.

Scheme of Process

Raw sewage from various sources is subjected to following treatment to obtain the treated water

quality.

Bar screen Chamber

The raw sewage will be received at the inlet of the bar screen to trap any floating particles and debris.

Oil & Grease Trap and Equalization tank

A belt type oil skimmer and grease trap will be provided to remove the floating oil and grease. The oil

free effluent overflows to the collection cum equalization tank. The sewage generation is not uniform

and is subjected to fluctuation. Hence to maintain a constant flow and to homogenize the sewage

quality a suitable retention time is provided in the Equalization tank. Air mixing is also provided to

enhance the above process. Aeration tank is designed for average daily flow of 10 hrs retention. A

fine screen is placed in between to trap any sharp objects or small particles.

Aeration Tank (Process Tank/ Bio reactor)

The aeration system works on an extended aeration activated sludge process. The biological reaction

is sustained by maintaining a required level of MLSS 8000-10000mg/l in the aeration tank. The

generation of biomass reduces the incoming BOD and COD to greater than 95%. Oxygen transfer is

achieved by means of fine bubble diffusers placed at the bottom of the tank to transfer atmospheric

oxygen from air. The process aeration blowers are provided for the biological tank and ensure that

sufficient oxygen is available to maintain the biological process in the tank.

The mixed liquor containing the biomass overflows/ pumped from the aeration tank to the membrane

tank for removal of BOD. The MBR is basically a combination of Activated Sludge process combine

with absolute filtration (UF). The basic biological aeration system considered utilizes diffused

aeration to provide the required oxygen that will maintain the healthy biomass. The MBR produces

superior quality effluent through an innovative combination of immersed, low-pressure reinforced

hollow fiber ultra-filtration membranes and a suspended growth biological reactor. The reinforced

hollow fiber UF membranes replace the solids separation function of secondary clarifiers and the

polishing function of granular filter media that are found in conventional activated sludge systems. By

eliminating the need for sludge settling, MBR process can operate at mixed liquor suspended solids

(MLSS) concentrations in the range of 8,000 to 12,000 mg/L—three to five times greater than



conventional systems, resulting in plants that are significantly more compact than a conventional

plant.

Fewer processes, combined with highly automated, PLC operation makes plant operation less labor

intensive and much more straightforward. Plant operators are only required to perform regular

preventive maintenance on system pumps, blowers, and associated mechanical equipment to ensure

efficient biological processes and optimum membrane permeation.

FIGURE 6.2 MBR CONFIGURATION

At the core of the MBR is reinforced hollow fiber membranes— chosen based on the long-life and

high performance in the harsh, high-solids environment of a bioreactor. The rugged fibers are held in

large modular cassettes that are immersed directly into the bioreactor. With nominal and absolute pore

sizes of 0.04 microns and 0.1 microns respectively, UF membranes virtually ensures a particulate-free

effluent. Each cassette has a permeate header that is connected to the suction side of a pump, which

applies a low-pressure vacuum to draw treated effluent through the microscopic pores of the fibers in

an outside-in flow path. This method of permeation minimizes energy demands and prevents particles

from fouling and plugging the inside of the membrane fiber.

Outside-in permeation also simplifies membrane cleaning and maintenance, enabling a stream of

coarse bubbles to rise vertically along the length of the membrane to scour rejected solids away from

the membrane surface. Periodically, the permeate flow is automatically reversed to backflush solids

that have accumulated in the membrane pores. When necessary, in-tank chemical recovery cleanings

can restore membrane permeability to optimum levels. The modular membrane cassettes are designed

to provide a great deal of flexibility in system design. The membrane cassettes are either immersed

into steel tanks or concrete tanks supplied by the buyer. The reinforced hollow fiber membrane is of

choice for strict nitrogen and phosphorous discharge limits. Typically, the lead end of the bioreactor is

designed as an anoxic (zero dissolved oxygen) zone. This is used to assist with pH control and for

denitrification in applications where low levels of total nitrogen (TN) are required in the effluent

stream.

One permeate pump per train is employed to draw water through the membranes. The permeate

pumps, associated valves and piping for the system are mounted on a factory assembled, epoxy-

coated carbon steel skid. Treated water flows from the permeate skid to the final disposal point. Under

normal operation and average day flow conditions, permeation is stopped for specific period of time

at regular intervals. This membrane relaxation period, combined with air scouring, effectively

removes solids that have accumulated on the membrane surface or within the fibers and reduces

electrical costs. Same permeate pump is provided for back pulsing the membranes. Under increased



flow or adverse sludge conditions, the operator is able to select a ‘‘backpulse’’ mode. In this instance,

the Back pulse pump will reverse the flow of permeate through the membrane fibers to dislodge solids

that have accumulated on the membrane surface or within the fibers.

Treated effluent Storage

The permeate outlet from MBR Skid is stored in a Treated Water tank as Treated water. This Treated

effluent is now ready for Recycling of Toilet Flushing and Gardening.

Disinfection:

The treated effluent is disinfected by using Chlorine dosing system. In which all the bacteria present

in the treated effluent is killed.

Soft Water Storage

The treated effluent will be softened by using and stored as a Soft Water. Then the soft water can be

used for AC Cooling Tower make-up.

Filter Press

The sludge from MBR Tank is pumped using a screw pump in to a Filter press. The filter press is a

liquid-solid separation device is used to reduce the volume and weight of slurry by separating the

liquid filtrate and solid cake. The filter press is opened and cake is discharged by gravity.

Post Lime Treatment

The dry cake from filter press is subjected to lime stabilization. Lime treatment controls the

environment needed for the growth of pathogens in biosolids and converts sludge into a usable

product.

Fresh air & exhaust system for STP

As the system is located below ground level, Fresh air for the Sewage treatment plant is forced from

outside through fans located inside the plant room and exhaust(20ACPM) from sewage treatment

plant is also forced out through fans @ terrace level.

The sludge from Tank is pumped using a screw pump in to a Filter press. The filter press is a liquid-

solid separation device is used to reduce the volume and weight of slurry by separating the liquid

filtrate and solid cake. The filter press is opened and cake is discharged by gravity. The dry cake from

filter press is subjected to lime stabilization. Lime treatment controls the environment needed for the

growth of pathogens in bio-solids and converts sludge into a usable product.

The detailed sewage treatment plant layout plan has been shown in Annexure 6.4.



6.8 EMP FOR LAND ENVIRONMENT

Construction Phase

Waste generated from construction activity includes construction debris, biomass from land clearing

activities, waste from the labour camp, and. hazardous waste. Following section discusses

management of each type of waste. Besides management of topsoil is an important area for which

management measures are required.

6.8.1 Construction Debris

Construction debris is bulky and heavy and re-utilization and recycling is an important strategy for

management of such waste. As concrete and masonry constitute the majority of waste generated,

recycling of this waste by conversion to aggregate can offer benefits of reduced landfill space and

reduced extraction of raw material for new construction activity. This is particularly applicable to the

proposed project site as the construction is to be completed in a phased manner.

Recycled aggregate will be used for filler application, and as a sub-base for road construction. Mixed

debris with high gypsum, plaster, shall not be used as fill, as they are highly susceptible to

contamination, and will be given to recyclers.

Construction contractors shall remove metal scrap from structural steel, piping, concrete

reinforcement and sheet metal work from the site. A significant portion of wood scrap can be reused

on site. Recyclable wastes such as plastics, glass fiber insulation, roofing etc shall be sold to recyclers.

6.8.2 Waste due to construction workers & Biomass

Waste generated due to construction workers will mainly comprise of domestic waste, which shall be

collected and composted on site along with the biomass from the land clearing activities. The non-

compostable and non-recyclable portion of the waste shall be collected and transported to the nearest

solid waste dumping site .

6.8.3 Topsoil Management

To minimise disruption of soil and for conservation of topsoil, the contractor shall take the topsoil out

separately and stockpile it. After the construction activity is over, topsoil shall be utilised for

landscaping activity. Other measures, which would be followed to prevent soil erosion and

contamination include:

- Maximize use of organic fertilizer for landscaping and green belt development.

- To prevent soil contamination by oil/grease, leak proof containers should be used for storage and

transportation of oil/grease and wash off from the oil/grease handling area shall be drained

through impervious drains and treated appropriately before disposal.

- Removal of as little vegetation as possible during the development, and re-vegetation of bare

areas after the project.

- Working in a small area at a point of time (phase wise construction).

- Construction of erosion prevention troughs / berms.



Operational Phase

6.8.4 Solid Waste Management

The philosophy of solid waste management at the proposed project will be to encourage the four R’s

of waste i.e. waste reduction, reuse, recycling, and recovery (materials & energy). This will result in

lesser reliance on land filling. Regular public awareness meetings will be conducted to involve the

residents in the proper segregation, storage, recycling and composting options and techniques.

The Environmental Management Plan for the solid waste will focus on two major components during

the life cycle of the waste management system i.e. collection & transportation, treatment or disposal

Collection and Transportation

During the collection stage, the bio-degradable and non recyclable/non biodegradable waste will be

stored and collected separately. The segregation, transportation and disposal of wastes will be done by

the project management or may be outsourced to authorized private waste management agency.

To minimize littering and odours, waste will be stored in well-designed containers/bins that will be

located at strategic locations to minimize disturbance in traffic flow.

Care should be taken so that the collection vehicles are well maintained and minimize noise and

emissions. During transporting of the waste, it will be covered to avoid littering.

Treatment & Disposal

The waste collected shall be segregated at site into bio-degradable and non-biodegradable. The non-

biodegradable waste shall be disposed off to the recyclers .The biodegradable shall be treated on-site.

6.9 EMP FOR E-WASTE MANAGEMENT

The e-waste will be generated from the proposed development which will be stored at a warehouse to

be setup within site and will be sent to authorized recyclers or e-waste processing plants for treatment

as per E- Waste [Management & Handling] Rules, 2010

6.10 EMP FOR ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT


� Restrictions on location of worker rest shelters and offices for project staff near the project

area with vegetation to avoid human induced secondary additional impacts on the left over

flora and fauna species of the surrounding areas.

� Cutting, uprooting, of trees or small trees present around the project site for cooking, burning

or heating purposes by the laborers shall be prohibited and suitable alternatives for this

purpose shall be made available.

� Along with the major construction work, the multi layered peripheral green belt shall be

developed with native plant species.

6.10.2 Operational Phase

The newly planted site will be especially vulnerable to erosion until the plants have become fully

grown. Temporary stabilization barriers shall be used as required to prevent erosion during plant



growth. These barriers may include hay bales, erosion control blankets, temporary seeding, nurse

crops, and erosion control netting.

During the development of the green belt within the project area, it will be emphasized that the plant

species likely to be planted belong to the existing forest type .Existing trees will be included in the

landscape plan of proposed project in order to maintain the existing biological environment of the

area.

6.10.3 Green Belt Plan

a. General Principles in Greenbelt Design

Plants grown in such a way so as to function as pollutant sinks are collectively referred as greenbelts.

These plants should also provide an aesthetic backdrop for persons using the site and for the

surroundings and the community.

General principles in greenbelt design considered for this study are:

� Type of pollution (air, noise, water and land pollution) likely from the activities at the site.

� Agro-climatic zone and sub-zone where the greenbelt is located ( and hence the plant species

which can be planted in the area.

� Water quantity and quality available in the area

� Soil quality in the area.

The plants should exhibit the following desirable characteristic in order to be selected for plantation.

� The species should be fast growing and providing optimum penetrability.

� The species should be wind-firm and deep rooted.

� The species should form a dense canopy.

� As far as possible, the species should be indigenous and locally available

� Species tolerance to air pollutants like particulate matter, SO2 & NOx should be preferred.

� The species should be permeable to help create air turbulence and mixing within the belt.

� There should be no large gaps for the air to spill through.

� Trees with high foliage density, leaves with larger leaf area and hairy on both the surfaces.

� Ability to withstand conditions like inundation and drought.

� Soil improving plants (Nitrogen fixing, rapidly decomposable leaf litter).

� Attractive appearance with good flowering and fruit bearing.

� Bird and insect attracting tree species.

� Sustainable green cover with minimal maintenance.

Greenbelt is designed to minimize the predicted levels of the possible air and noise pollutants. While

designing the scheme the following facilities are considered:

� Site Perimeter and approach road



� Along the internal roads

� In and around the resort area.

6.10.4 Greenbelt Design for Site

The selection of the trees is based on their phenology (thus roadside trees will not have leaf fall during

summer and rainy seasons when shade is most needed. Trees with more litter fall have been avoided).

The selection criteria of the species are based on pollution mitigation capacity (including particulate

matter), large leaf surface area, deep root system and less litter fall. Faster growing trees with lighter

canopy will be planted alternatively with relatively slow growing trees with wider canopy. Trees will

be planted as per CPCB guidelines.

Landscape Plan: The project will be so developed that approximately 134029.04 sqm of area will be

developed as green belt and softscape to mitigate air and noise pollution. The Landscape plan

showing the schedule of species for proposed beach resort project is enclosed as Annexure 6.5

respectively.

6.11 EMP FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

The management plan has been designed in order to regularly gauge the social environment in which the

project shall operate, take proactive steps and adopt best practices, which are sensitive to the socio-

cultural setting of the region. Such an approach will not only result in the better management of the

project but also increase its goodwill among the locals. The management plan envisages ongoing

communication with the stakeholders including the public, surrounding areas, pollution control board or

the Ministry of Environment & Forests, etc. Management practices discussed here are pro-active steps to

address potential concerns during the various stages of the project.

6.11.1 Mitigative Measures

Transport and road safety: Since the project involves the movement of vehicles and machineries in

the area, the health and safety of pedestrians and residents accessing the communities is an issue of

concern. Considering this, the project proponents shall mitigate the impact by drawing traffic

management plans, so that any mishap due to traffic thenceforth can be avoided. Taking this into

concern, following aspects should be kept in mind:

• Proper precautionary signage shall be installed.

• Training to the drivers.

• Installation of adequate speed breakers at correct locations.

• Road safety signage

• Limit on honking

• Restricted movement in night

6.12 EMP FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION

Energy conservation program will be implemented through measures taken both on energy demand

and supply.



Energy conservation will be one of the focuses during the project planning and operation stages. The

conservation efforts would consist of the following:

Solar Passive Techniques

- The design features of the building will consider adequate cross ventilation within and

outside the buildings by providing doors and windows on both the windward and leeward

sides of the building.

- Proper thermal insulation of roof structures and walls will be followed to reduce the U

value

Architectural Design

- Public areas will be cooled by natural ventilation as opposed to air-conditioning.

- Maximize the use of natural lighting through design.

The following material specifications are considered for the designed proposed building.(are these

given by client?)

- Wall: Paints with surface reflectance: 75%,

- Floor: Floor tiles with surface reflectance: 45%,

- Ceiling Paints with surface reflectance: 85%

- Visible Light Transmittance (VLT) of glazing: 40%

Energy Saving Practices

- Promoting use of solar water heating.

- Purchase of energy efficient appliances.

- Constant monitoring of energy consumption and defining targets for energy conservation.

- Adjusting the settings and illumination levels to ensure minimum energy used for desired

comfort levels.

- Use of compact fluorescent lamps and low voltage lighting.

Behavioral change on consumption

- Promoting resident awareness on energy conservation.

- Training staff on methods of energy conservation and to be vigilant to such opportunities.

Adoption of Energy Efficient Lighting and Ventilation Systems

- Use of energy efficient lighting equipments, like lamps, luminaries and control devices.

- Proper utilization of daylight and control glare from windows.

- Maintenance of lighter finishes of ceiling, walls and furnishings.

Supply Energy

Conservation Demand

� Reduce consumption

� Use energy-efficient

appliances

� Create Guest Awareness

� Utilize energy-efficient diesel

generators

� Exploring the possibilities of

introducing renewable energy



- Scheduling of switching –lights programme for lights of outdoor periphery and gardening

to turn on or off at prescribed times.

- Use of Low loss electronics ballast for all fluorescent fixtures used in the electrical rooms.

- Use of CFL Lights in all common areas like lift lobbies, corridors, staircase etc.

Use of renewable energy system

- Use of Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) system for direct conversion of sunlight into electricity.

- Use of SPV lighting system in the form of solar lantern, fixed type solar lighting system

for street lighting system .

The energy simulation and day light simulation study has been carried out for the proposed project

and the copy of same is enclosed as Annexure 6.6.

6.13 ELECTRICAL HAZARDOUS AND SAFETY MEASURE PLAN

Following Guidelines have been followed for implementation of Electrical Hazard / Safety

precautions at the construction Site and thereafter at the Premises during operations.

Definition Electrical Hazard – A dangerous condition such that contact or equipment failure can

result in Electric shock, arc-flash burn, thermal burn, or blast. Electrical hazard includes ‘dangerous’

meaning ‘able or likely to inflict injury’; there are high voltage, low current sources that are not

intrinsically dangerous, and there are low-voltage, high-current sources that are not ‘safe’. A

‘harmless’ static electricity shock could cause sufficient startle reaction to make a worker fall off a

ladder. A hazard analysis is necessary to identify electrical hazards and determine the degree of risk.

Measures for preventing Electrical Hazards

1. Safe Electrical Installation

Installation of new electrical systems to a suitable IS standard. Requirements for electrical

installations, and then maintain them in a safe condition;

Provision of enough socket-outlets - overloading socket-outlets by using adaptors which can cause

fire.

2. Provision of safe and suitable equipment

� There will be proper selection of equipment that will suit our working environment;

� Electrical risks will be eliminated by using air, hydraulic or hand powered tools. These will be

especially used only in harsh conditions;

� There will be provision of an accessible and clearly identified switch near each fixed machine

to cut off power in an emergency;

� For portable equipment, there will be use of socket-outlets which are close by so that

equipment will be easily disconnected in an emergency;

� The ends of flexible cables will always have the outer sheath of the cable firmly clamped to

stop the wires (particularly the earth) pulling out of the terminals;

� Damaged sections of cable will be replaced completely;

� There will be use of proper connectors or cable couplers to join lengths of cable;

� There will be proper protection of light bulbs and other equipment which could easily be

damaged in use. And also creates risk of electric shock if they are broken;



� Electrical equipment used in flammable/explosive atmospheres will be designed to stop it

from causing ignition.

i) Reduction of Voltage

One of the best ways of reducing the risk of injury when using electrical equipment is to limit the

supply voltage to the lowest needed to get the job done, such as: Temporary lighting can be run at

lower voltages, e.g. 12, 25, 50 or 110 volts; Where electrically powered tools are used, battery

operated will be safest; Portable tools are readily available which are designed to be run from a 110

volts centre-tapped-to-earth supply.

ii) Provision of safety device

If equipment will be operated at 230 volts or on higher, then the provision of an RCD (residual current

device) will be provided as an additional safety. An RCD is a device which detects some, but not all,

faults in the electrical system and rapidly switches off the supply. RCD will be built into the main

switchboard or the socket-outlet, as this means that the supply cables will be permanently protected.

Additionally a plug incorporating an RCD, or a plug-in RCD adaptor, will also be provided for an

additional safety. RCDs for protecting people have a rated tripping current (sensitivity) of not more

than 30 milliamps (MA).

An RCD is a valuable safety device, never bypass it;

If the RCD trips, it is a sign there is a fault;

The RCD will have a test button to check that its mechanism is free and functioning.

iii) Work safely

� We will make sure that people who are working with electricity are competent to do the

job. Even simple tasks such as wiring a plug can lead to danger – we will ensure that

people know what they are doing before they start.

� We must not allow work on or near exposed live parts of equipment unless it is absolutely

unavoidable and suitable precautions will be taken to prevent injury, both to the workers

and to anyone else who may be in the area.

iv) Underground Power Cables

� Always assume cables will be present when digging in the street, pavement or near

buildings. The usage will be up-to-date service plans, cable avoidance tools and safe

digging practice to avoid danger.

v) Overhead Power Lines

� When working near overhead lines, it may be possible to have them switched off. So, we

will keep the safe working distance from the cables.

Basic Precautions

There are various ways of protecting people from the hazards caused by electricity, including

insulation, guarding, grounding and electrical protective devices. We will significantly reduce

electrical hazards by following some basic precautions.

i) Insulation



� All electrical cords will have sufficient insulation to prevent direct contact with wires. All

cords will be checked before each use, since corrosive chemicals or solvent vapors may

erode the insulation. Damaged cords will be repaired or taken out of service immediately,

especially in wet environments such as cold rooms

ii) Guarding

� Live parts of electric equipment operating at 50 volts or more will be guarded against

accidental contact. Plexiglas shields may be used to protect against exposed live parts.

iii) Grounding

� Only equipment with three-prong plugs will be used. The third prong

provides a path to ground that helps prevent the buildup of voltages that

may result in an electrical shock or spark.

iv) Circuit Protection Devices

� Circuit protection devices will be designed to automatically limit or shut off

the flow of electricity in the event of a ground-fault, overload, or short

circuit in the wiring system. Fuses, circuit breakers, and ground-fault circuit

interrupters are three well-known examples of such devices.

� Fuses and circuit breakers prevent over-heating of wires and components

that might otherwise create hazards for operators. They disconnect the

circuit when it becomes overloaded. The ground-fault circuit interrupter or GFCI, will be

used to shutoff electric power if a ground fault is detected. The GFCI will be particularly

used near sinks and wet locations. Since GFCIs will cause equipment to shutdown

unexpectedly, they may not be appropriate for certain apparatus. Portable GFCI adapters

(available in most safety supply catalogs) may be used with a non-GFCI outlet.

v) Safe Work Practices

The following practices will be used to reduce the risk of injury or fire when working with electrical

equipment:

� Avoid contact with energized electrical circuits.

� Disconnect the power source before servicing or repairing electrical equipment.

� When it is necessary to handle equipment that is plugged in, be sure hands are dry and,

when possible, wear nonconductive gloves and shoes with insulated soles.

� If it is not unsafe to do so, work with only one hand, keeping the other hand at your side

or in your pocket, away from all conductive material. This precaution reduces the

likelihood of accidents that result in current passing through the chest cavity.

� If water or a chemical is spilled onto equipment, shut off power at the main switch or

circuit breaker and unplug the equipment.



� If an individual comes in contact with a live electrical conductor, do not touch the

equipment, cord or person. Disconnect the power source from the circuit breaker or pull

out the plug using a leather belt.

vi) High Voltage or Current

Repairs of high voltage or high current equipment will be performed by trained electricians.

Individuals who are experienced in such tasks and would like to perform such work on their own

equipment must first receive specialized electrical safety related work practices training by EHS staff.

The following additional precautions will be taken:

� Always assume a high voltage potential exists within a device while servicing it, even if it is

de-energized and disconnected from its power source.

� Avoid becoming grounded by staying at least 6 inches away from walls, water, and all metal

materials, including pipes.

� Use of voltmeters and test equipment with ratings and leads sufficient to measure the highest

potential voltage expected to be found inside the equipment being serviced.

� After servicing, check equipment with a multi-meter or appropriate device to ensure it is

grounded before reconnecting to the power source.

Electrical Line Diagram and Earthing Pits details are given in Annexure 6.7 & Annexure 6.8.

6.14 FIRE FIGHTING MANAGEMENT

The fire protection system will be generally designed based on Part IV, of National Building Code

(NBC) of India (2005), Tariff Advisory Committee’s TAC, fire protection manual (1998) and the

latest Indian and International standards/codes. The fire protection system will cover external as well

as internal premises of the building

Following systems are planned to be provided within the entire beach resort project:

� Fire Extinguisher

� Horse Reel

� Wet Riser

� Yard Hydrant

� Automatic Sprinkler System

� Manually operated electric fire alarm system

� Automatic detection and alarm system

� Underground static water storage tank capacity

� Two electric and one diesel pump of capacity 2850 LPM and two electrical pump (Jockey

Pump) of capacity 180 LPM

The fire escape route plan and fire fighting plan showing the fire line for proposed beach resort is

shown in Annexure 6.9.



6.15 HEALTH , SAFETY AND WELFARE PLAN

The detailed provisions regarding Health, Safety and Welfare are as follows:-

6.15.1 Fixation of Hours of Work and Interval of Rest & Spread Over

a. No building worker employed shall be required or allowed to work more than nine hours a

day or forty eight hours a week

b. No building worker hall be required or allowed to work continuously for more than five hours

unless he had an interval of rest of not less than half an hour

c. The working day of the building workers employed in the construction shall be so arranged

that inclusive of the interval of rest shall not be spread over than 12 hours on any day

d. When a building worker work for more than 9 hours on any day or for more than 48 hours in

any week, he shall, in respect of over time work, be entitiles to wages at double the ordinary

rate of wages.

6.15.2 Weekly rest, payment of work dones on the day of rest at overtime rate, etc.

a. Workers employed in construction work shall be allowed a day rest in every seven days for all

building workers

b. No worker shall allowed to work on rest day unless he already had or will have substituted

rest day for whole day on one of the five days immediately before or after such rest day

6.15.3 Notice of Wage Period

a. Provision of display board to the conspicuous place at the work site showing the rates of

wages, hour of working, wage period, date of payment of wages, name and address of

grievance redressal officer.

b. The display board shall be in english and local language understood by majority of workers

6.15.4 Accommodation

a. The contractor shall provide, free of charge resting shelter to all workers employed by him till

the construction work is in progress.

b. The temporary accommodation shall have separate cooking place, bathing, washing and

lavatory facilities.

c. Incase , more than fifty female building workers are ordinarily employed, there shall provide

and maintain suitable room for the use of children under the age of six of such female.

d. All room shall have adequate light & ventilation and will be maintained

6.15.5 Latrine and Urinal

a. Effective arrangement to provide and maintain at suitable points sufficient supply of

wholesome drinking water as per IS 10500. All such points will be situated within six meter

of any washing place, urinal or latrine



b. Provision of urinal and latrine at conveniently located such that may be accessible to workers

at all times while they are in such place.

c. Every latrine shall be under cover and so partitioned off as to secure privacy and shall have a

proper door and fastening.

d. Where in both male and female building workers are employed, there shall be displayed

outside each block of latrines and urinals, written in the landuage understood by the majority

of workers

e. Every latrine or urinal shall be adequately lighted with energy efficient lighting and shall be

maintained in a clean and sanitary condition at all the time.

f. Water shall be provided by means of a tap or otherwise so as to be conveniently accessible in

or near by every latrine or urinal

g. The walls, ceiling and partitions of very latrine or urinal shall be white washed once in every

period of four months.

h. Every latrine and urinal shall be connected to flush system and shall wastewater shall be

disposed off through mobile STP.

6.15.6 Medical Facilities

a. The Project Proponent shall ensure that the Contractor shall provide full fledged First Aid

Centre (24 hours facility available) with one full time medical officer including once nurse,

once dresser-cum-compounder.

b. There shall be Ambulance 24 hours available at project site

c. The medical examination for all building workers shall be carried out before employing, after

illness or injury.

d. If it appears that the illness or injury might have affected workers fitness and thereafter,

medical examination once in every two years upto age of forty and once in a year there after

shall be done.

e. Complete and confidential record of medical examination shall be maintained by the

employers or the authorized physician

f. The medical examination shall include:

� Full medical and occupational history

� Vision

� Hearing

� Breathing

� Upper Limbs (adequate arm function and grip)

� Lower Limbs (adequate leg and foot function

� Spine

� General mental alertness and stability with good eye, hand and foot coordination.



6.15.7 Emergency Care Services or Emergency Treatment

a. Project Proponent shall ensure that the provision for essential life saving aides and required to

handle following shall be made:

� Head injuries and spinal injuries

� Bleeding

� Fractures and dislocations of bones and joints

� Crush injuries

� Shock including electric shocks

� Dehydration due to any cause

� Snake bite, insect bite, scorpion and bee sting

� Burns including chemical burns

� Sunstroke and frost bite

The above shall be provided and maintained under the supervision of Medical Officer,

appointed by the contractor

6.15.8 Safety Measures

a. The proponent shall form safety committee consisting of members of project proponent,

contractor, and workers.

b. The project proponent shall appoint a safety officer who shall possess such qualification and

perform such duties as may be prescribe

c. The project proponent shall ensure that the contractor shall provide safe access and safety to

any work place, including the provision of suitable and sufficient scaffolding at various stage

where work cannot be done from the ground or from any part of a building or from a ladder.

d. The erection, installation, use and maintenance of transporting equipment such as

locomotives, trucks, wagons and other vehicles and trailers shall be done by appointing

competent persons to drive or operate such equipment.

e. The project proponent shall ensure adequate and suitable energy efficient lighting to every

work place and approach.

f. The precautions to be taken to prevent inhalation of dust, fumes, gases during any grinding,

cleaning, spraying of any material and steps to be taken to secure and maintain adequate

ventilation of every working place or confined space.

g. The project proponent shall ensure that the contractor shall take all precautions to prevent

danger to workers from live electric wire or apparatus including electrical machinery and

tools and from overhead wires

h. The project proponent shall ensure that the contractor shall provide safety nets, safety sheets

and safety belts where specific nature or circumstance of work render then necessary for the

safety of the workers.

i. The project proponent shall ensure that the contractor shall abide by and follow EHS policy of

M/s Elite Townships Pvt. Ltd.


7-116 Environment Monitoring Plan

CHAPTER 7. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

7.1 GENERAL

An environmental monitoring plan provides feedback about the actual environmental impacts of a

project and helps to judge the adequacy of the mitigation measures in protecting the environment. The

purpose of environmental monitoring is to evaluate the effectiveness of implementation of

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) by periodically monitoring the important environmental

parameters within the impact area, so that any adverse effects are detected and timely action can be

taken.

7.2 OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

The key objective of the environment monitoring program will be as follows:

1 Ensure compliance with the mitigation measures as identified in the EIA;

2 Determine the project’s actual environmental impacts so that modifications can be made to the

project’s mitigation measures;

3 Describe the extent of environmental effects and resource losses;

4 Provide scientific information about the response of an ecosystem to a given set of human

activities and mitigation measures;

4.7 SUGGESTED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

The environmental monitoring plan for the proposed beach resort development has been

conceptualized in view of the institutional, scientific and fiscal issues pertaining to the project. The

monitoring plan aims to collect data on the environmental indicator to provide information about the

environmental impacts. For developing the monitoring plan, appropriate components which are likely

to be affected have been identified. For each component, suitable measurable environmental

indicators which are appropriate to the impact mechanism and scale of disturbance and which have a

low natural variability, broad applicability and an existing data series have been defined.

The monitoring plan has been designed for the construction and the operation phase of the project and

the details of the plan have been presented in Table 7.1.


7-117 Risk Assessment and DMP

TABLE 7.1: RECOMMENDED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

S.N Performance

Indicator

Component Parameters Locations Frequency Measurement

methodology

Preconstruction Phase

1 Concentration

of SPM to

assess the

effectiveness

of dust

control

measures

Ambient Air

Quality

PM2.5 and

PM10

Project site Quarterly

IS 5182 ( Part –

IV), 1973

IS 5182 ( Part –

XXIII), 1973

Quarterly

Construction Phase

1 Oil and

grease, heavy

metal

concentration

Soil Quality pH,

electrical

conductance,

cation

exchange

capacity,

Sodium

Absorption

Ratio (SAR),

water

holding

capacity,

phosphorous,

Copper,

Zinc, iron,

calcium,

magnesium,

sodium,

potassium,

boron,

Nitrogen,

porosity,

permeability,

infiltration

capacity,

bulk density,

organic

content

texture, etc.,

One location

within

project site

Annually Practical methods

in Ecology and

Environmental

Sciences

2 Concentration

of SPM to

assess the

`effectiveness

Ambient Air

Quality

PM2.5 and

PM10

Project site Quarterly

IS 5182 ( Part –

IV), 1973

IS 5182 ( Part –

XXIII), 1973



S.N Performance

Indicator


methodology

of Dust

control plan

Emissions

from DG set

Quarterly

3 Equivalent

noise level

Ambient

Noise

Quality

Hourly Leq Project site Monthly Operational

manual of noise

level meter

Noise

emissions

from DG set

operation

during

construction

work

Monthly

Operation Phase

1 Ground water

table level

Strom Water

Management

Plan

Ground

water table

Near storm

water

storage tank

or pond

Twice in a

year

As per standard

practice

2 Greenbelt

survival rate

Greenbelt

development

plan

Greenbelt At the

greenbelt

development

corridor

Twice in a

year

3 % Savings of

energy

Energy

conservation

measure

Rating of

energy

consumption

At all

installation

Half

Yearly

As per standard

practice of BEE

4 Potability,

taste, odour

Groundwater

Quality

Parameters

as listed in

IS

10500:1991

Water intake

structure

Half

Yearly

Standard method

for the

examination of

water and

wastewater, 21st

Edition, edited by

Lenore S.

Clesceri, Arnold

E. Greenberg,

Andre D. Eton

5 Efficiency of

the STP (%)

Treated

effluent

Quality

pH, Color,

Odor,

Turbidity,

EC,

Alkalinity ,

Hardness,

BOD, COD,

Total

Dissolved

Solids,

Suspended

STP Outlet Twice a

month for

1st three

months,

monthly

for next

three

months

and

quarterly

Standard method

for the

examination of

water and

wastewater, 21st

Edition, edited by

Lenore S.

Clesceri, Arnold

E. Greenberg,

Andre D. Eton



S.N Performance

Indicator


methodology

Solids, Total

Coliform,

Volatile

solids ,

Heavy

Metals

# - The performance of the proposed STP will be evaluated on a regular basis by the operator, in terms of quick

check of different physical and physicochemical parameters

7.2.1 Data Analysis

The monitored data will be analyzed and compared with the baseline levels as established in the EIA

study and the regulatory standards specified by different government agencies. The standards against

which the different environmental components will be compared are as per Table 7.2.

Table 7.2: APPLICABLE STANDARDS FOR DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS

S.N Component Applicable Standards

1 Ambient Air Quality National Ambient Air Quality standards, CPCB

2 Noise Quality Ambient Air Quality Standards with Respect to Noise,

CPCB

3 Surface water quality Water Standards, CPCB

4 Groundwater quality IS: 10500 Standards, BIS

5 Soil Quality --

6 Treated sewage water quality IS 2490(1974) – Discharge into surface water, IS

3306(1974) – Discharge on land, IS 3307(1974)- Discharge

for agricultural use

7.2.2 Reporting Schedule

The monitoring results of the different environmental components will be analyzed and compiled

every six months during the construction phase and every twelve months during the operation phase.

The report will also list the project activities along with the environmental mitigation measures and

will evaluate the efficacy of the Environmental Management Plan.

7.2.3 Emergency Procedures/Corrective Measures

Corrective measures will be adopted if the review of the monitoring report reveals that the

environmental management plan is inadequate or has not been implemented properly. A detailed

review will be carried out by the interdisciplinary team of experts in the Environment Management

Cell for assessing the gaps in the EMP and the addressal of EMP. A corrective action plan will be

worked out for the environmental component and a rigorous follow up of environmental monitoring

plan will be carried out.



CHAPTER 8. Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Plan

8.1 INTRODUCTION

A disaster is a natural or man-made (or technological) hazard resulting in an event of substantial

extent causing significant physical damage or destruction, loss of life, or drastic change to the

environment. A disaster can be ostensively defined as any tragic event stemming from events such as

earthquakes, floods, catastrophic accidents, fires, or explosions. It is a phenomenon that disasters can

cause damage to life, property and destroy the economic, social and cultural life of people. Disasters

in general, can broadly be grouped under three categories viz. (i) Water and Climate related (ii)

Geology / Geomorphology related and (iii) Accident related. On project site, accident related disasters

from fire, oil spills, and chemical induced and vehicular / operational accidents are quite possible. In

the context of the proposed project it thus becomes imperative to identify the type, pattern and the

potential severity of the hazards, which can cause loss of life, damage to property and environment,

and to assess the vulnerability and risks there from with a view to outlining an appropriate response

mechanism.

The proposed project site is located in Sawantwadi village, Vengurla taluka of Sindhudurg district in

the state of Maharashtra. Sindhudurg is one of the disaster prone districts in Maharashtra having 121

km coastal line. Occasional Cyclones (Cyclone Phyan in Nov 2009), Floods are more common

especially in Malvan, Kudal, Sawant wadi,Vengurla, Dogad and Kankavli due to overflowing rivers.

Land slides are frequent especially in the ghats (Amboli, Karool, Phonda), Road accidents are

frequent on Mumbai Goa highway (National highway no. 17) and due to hair pin bends there are

many accident spots identified and Rail accidents along the Konkan rail, mostly during the monsoon

due to landslide (In Vaibhav wadi near Kharepatan tunnel in Jun 2003) and lastly due to heavy rain

and wind incidents of tree falling are observed. (Source:-District Disaster Management Plan, 2012-

2013 by District Disaster Management Authority, Sindhudurg, Govt. of Maharashtra)

Since the proposed project site is located nearby the seashore, site is quite vulnerable to flood and

occasional cyclones. Therefore, the Disaster Management Plan is required to encompass all the

administrative and operational programmes and responses to reduce the risk of emergencies of

hazardous events likely to occur at any point of time during construction and operational phases of the

project.

8.2 RISK ASSESSMENT DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE

A construction site normally faces 9 major type of construction hazards i.e. scaffold, power access

equipment, ladder, roof work, manual handling, plant & machinery, excavation, fire and emergency

and hazardous substances.

8.3 RISK ASSESSMENT DURING THE OPERATION PHASE

8.3.1 History of Disaster in Sindhudurg District

Sindhudurg district is situated in the coastal region and having a proximity to Arabian Sea. This

district has a high amount of rainfall primarily because of the clouds of the southwest monsoon winds

are blocked at the Sahyadri mountains and so shed a lot of rain on the eastern side of the Western

Ghat scarp. This leads to very high rainfall in the foothills of the Sahyadris on the Konkan side with



most of the Konkan rivers having their origin in the runoff from the steep mountain slopes. Such a

heavy rainfall causes largely flash floods, and occasionally landslides, road accidents.

Flood

During 2005-06 floods., most of the rivers were overflowing and there was a loss of life and property

in Sindhudurg district. The river water entered the standing crops and the farmers suffered a huge

loss. Most of the livestock also was flown away in this flood. Some people were shifted to safe

shelters but there was no rehabilitation. Does site has any flood potential? Any river flooding nearby

or any icendt in past of site flooding?

Road/Rail Accidents

A railway accident occurred in the year 2003 in the monsoon season near Berle,Vaibhavwadi when

the 904 Karwar – Mumbai Central derailed in which 52 passengers died and many were injured.

This is one incident. Is the project area prone to accidents?

Landslides

Due to heavy rain some parts of the district experienced landslides along with tree collapse leading to

the human loss. Landslides largely occur in three major hill stations and make troubles in movement

of vehicles on both National and State Highways. So, it is a regular event, which cannot be ignored in

disaster management plan. Locations prone to landslides in this district are :

Amboli Ghat on Sawantwadi-Amboli-Belgaum Road State Highway No.112.

Phonda Ghat on Kankavli – Phonda – Ratnagiri – Kolhapur Road StateHighway No. 116.

Karul Ghat-Gagan Bavada-Kolhapur Road State Highway No. 115

Earthquakes

Though Sindhudurg district has no earlier history of earthquakes still it comes under the seismic zone

III. There was no loss in Kankavli, Sawantwadi, Malvan and Vengurla due to the Killari earthquake

of 1993. The proximity of the Western Ghat Fault Scarp and evidences of neo tectonic activities in the

Konkan area point to the earth movements in the recent past and the possibility of an earthquake

cannot be ruled out. There is no history of earthquakes in this district earlier.

(Source:-District Disaster Management Plan, 2012-2013 by District Disaster Management Authority,

Sindhudurg, Govt. of Maharashtra)

8.4 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR CONSTRUCTION PHASE

Disaster management plan prepared to avoid any risk assessed during the construction phase has been

discussed below

• Scaffolding at site is considered as one of the major hazards at a construction site and can be

mitigated by following measures

a. Inspection and certification (tagging) of the erection.

b. Intermediate guard rails,

c. Barrier and warning notices,

d. Regular inspection of the scaffold.



e. Provision of toe guards to prevent items from rolling over the edge

f. Secure fixing

g. ladder condition,

h. position and foundation,

i. suitability

j. slippery sideways.

k. availability of extinguishers,

l. reducing the possibility of ignition sources,

m. provision of exit alarms,

n. personnel awareness of the risks

o. emergency procedures

p. regular training of responsible “fire marshals”

• Hazardous Substance is considered as a low risk hazard but should be taken care by

preserving the material at right place and in approved conditions.

• Power access equipment causes hazards and should be managed by using good quality tools

as well as regular maintenance.

• Hazard of ladder can be mitigated by proper erection and regular check up and vigilance

during use of ladders.

• Plant and machinery hazards are very major and can be mitigated by using proper pre-

approved and certified equipment with regular periodic maintenance.

• Fire and Emergency is one of the most common hazards at construction site, this can be

mitigated by

8.5 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR OPERATION PHASE

8.5.1 On Site Emergency Management Plan

8.5.1.1 Earthquake

Spatial and temporal impacts of earthquake are large. Resource requirements are both intensive and

extensive for management of earthquake. Though the project impact area comes under seismic zone-

III, the probability of occurrence of earthquake in future is not ruled out. In the case earthquake occur,

following management plan will be adopted:

• Since earthquake is the most uncertain natural occurrence giving birth to massive calamities

on both life and property, adequate care has been taken into account while designing the

infrastructure facilities for the proposed site as per seismic zone.

• Extensive rescue operations are required to shift the injured persons to the nearest medical

units and evacuate the trapped individuals to safer places. Appropriate medical services are

necessary to control epidemics in the post earthquake period.

• Suitable steps on war footing basis need to be adopted to restore all the essential services like,

electricity, water and food supply, telecommunication, transportation, etc. Proper steps should

also ensure the protection and safeguard of properties.

• Damage to road access due to landslides/land subsidence would need immediate clearing for

which operations in close coordination with the concerned departments/agencies in the district

will have to be made.



• Areas indicating signs of liquefaction should be declared out of bounds and district vigil

should be kept to prohibit trespassing.

• Foundations of the structures prone to liquefaction will require technical assessment.

• Alteration in the river, creek and canal water flow that may inundate the site areas would

require immediate evacuation of people and properties in coordination with the district

authorities.

8.5.1.2 Fire

Though fire in general is a localized problem it may assume unmanageable proportions if immediate

care is not taken. Following management plan shall be adopted:

• Storage of fuel will be as per the rules and guidelines as laid down in the relevant statutes.

• Adequate fire safety equipments e.g. extinguishers, dry chemicals, carbon dioxide, foam

spray; water spray should be kept in the complex.

• IS codes for cables to be applied for preventing short circuits in wiring.

• Adequate Immediate actions call for the extinguishing of fire by using proper devices

necessary, depending on the nature of the fire keeping in consideration that the fires are not

spread further to cause greater loss of life and properties.

• Immediate rescue operations will be initiated for which assistance of the local fire service

authorities to be sought.

• Emergency medical attention will be extended to the affected / injured persons immediately.

Serious burn cases should be transported to General hospital in town or private health care

units in the vicinity.

Flood and Cyclones

Since the proposed site is located very close to coastal plain of seashore, the area is highly susceptible

to coastal flooding.

Inundation by the sea on coastal areas is potentially caused by unusually high tide, storm surge,

hurricanes (cyclonic storms) and wave activity including tsunamis. Coastal floods may also be caused

by structural failure of defences with some locations subject to combinations of tidal and river

impacts. Long-term processes like subsidence and rising sea level as a result of global warming can

lead to encroachment of the sea on land.

Floods:

Floods are among the most common and destructive natural hazards causing extensive damage to

infrastructure, public and private services, the environment, the economy and devastation to human

settlements. Floods usually are local, short-lived events can happen suddenly and sometimes with

little or no warning. They usually are caused by intense storms that produce more runoff than an area

can store or a stream can carry within its normal channel.

There are two ways to mitigate floods: 1) Structural and 2) Non-structural. Structural measures are the

ones like Embankments, Water shed management, Reservoirs, Natural water retention basin and

buildings on elevated area. Whereas Non-structural measures include Flood plain zoning and Flood

forecasting and warning.

Flood preparedness planning is about putting in place a set of appropriate arrangements in advance for

an effective response to floods. Some of the commonly identified flood preparedness activities are:



• Public awareness raising on flood preparedness, response and mitigation measures;

• Stockpiling of emergency relief materials i.e., food, fodder for livestock, emergency

medicines, materials for temporary shelter etc;

• Installation of community-based early warning system for issuance of timely and effective

flood warnings;

• Management of safe areas for temporary removal of people and property from a threatened

location;

• Transportation to safe areas/ evacuation centre;

• Ensuring access to health and sanitation facilities;

Cyclone:

• Keep a hurricane Lantern filled with kerosene, flash light and enough dry cells. Keep some

wooden boards ready so that glass windows can be boarded.

• Keep your radio on and listen to latest weather warnings and advisories from the nearest All

India Radio station. Pass the information to others.

• Get away from low lying beaches or other locations which may be swept by high tides or

storm waves. Leave sufficiently early before your way to high ground gets flooded. Do not

delay and run the risk of being marooned.

• Get extra food, specially things which can be eaten without cooking or with very little

preparation. Store extra drinking water in suitable covered vessel.

• Check on everything that might blow away or be torn loose. Kerosene tins, cans, agricultural

implements, garden tools, road signs and other objects become weapon of destruction in

strong winds. Remove them and store them in a covered room.

• If the centre of' ‘eye' of the storm passes directly over your place, there will be a lull in the

wind and rain, lasting for half an hour or more. During this period stay in safe place. Make

emergency repairs during the lull period if necessary, but remember that strong wind will

return suddenly from the opposite direction, frequently with even greater violence.

• Remain in shelters until informed by those in charge that they may return home and report the

losses to the appropriate authorities.

Details of district profile with potential disasters and areas prone to it are mentioned along with

district level DMP measures. Check if project area comes in any of the areas prone to natural

disasters.

Despite all efforts and the measures provided for, it is within the realm of possibility that emergencies

and accidents can take place. The primary objective of Emergency Management Plan is to defend the

men, material and property against such hazards and restore normalcy as soon as possible. An

Emergency Management Group (EMG) is thus constituted with such objective and to provide help to

those in need in the times of disaster. The EMG constitutes of personnel having various duties and

responsibilities which work in tandem with each other and proper hierarchy to mitigate the adverse

impacts of disasters and return to normalcy with immediate effect. All the personnel of EMG operate

through Emergency Control Centre (ECC) that is a nodal point for all communications and record of

observations and data logging.



8.6 KEY PERSONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES

For effective handling of the emergency, there will be a designated Site Main Controller (SMC),

Work Incident Controller (WIC) and various other key persons. The key responsibilities of all the

personnel that form the part of EMG are as follows:

Site Main Controller

He will report to the Emergency Control Center and will assume overall responsibility of the site and

its personnel. The main duties of SMC comprises of:

• Assessing the magnitude of the situation and decide whether a major emergency exists or is

likely to develop, requiring external assistance.

• Inform District emergency chief (i.e. District Collector) accordingly.

• Ensure that the key personnel are called in promptly.

• Maintain a continuous review of possible developments and assess these to determine most

probable course of events.

• Assume the head of ECC and oversee all the functions are performed as planned.

Work Incident Controller

The WIC will report to the SMC and would act in such a manner as to manage the hazardous

situation, put in control and mitigate. The main duties of WIC comprises of:

• Exercise direct operational control of the affected area.

• Ensure the accounting for personnel and arrange for non essential workers to be sent to

assembly point.

• Arrange for a chronological record of the emergency to be maintained.

• Establish communication link with the ECC (through phone or messenger) and keep the SMC

informed about the developments at the incident site

Safety Coordinator

The Safety Coordinator would assist the WIC in removal of unsafe situations and act as overseer to

monitor that all the activities for emergency management are performed safely and will not escalate

the situation.

Medical Officer

The M.O. will rush to the scene of emergency on receipt of information and ensure that casualties are

receiving adequate help. The WIC is to be informed of the steps taken and seek advice for further

mobilization of medical resources from within and outside the site.

Maintenance Support Officer

He will provide assistance as per the demand of WIC / Safety Officer and will be responsible for

electrical supply cut-off / restoration and other mechanical and workshop help.

Civil Support Officer

His responsibility is to provide fabrication/construction manpower for any demolition/ construction as

per the emergent situation and provide temporary barricade to the affected location.



Material Support Officer

He has to ensure that the stores remain open throughout the period of emergency for providing

material assistance together with providing assistance to the Maintenance Support officer and Civil

Support officer for receiving adequate supplies of machinery spares and material.

Area Staff

They will ensure removal of non essential workers to the assembly points and will facilitate Roll

Caller to verify the causality.

Running Messengers

Running messengers will act as per the direction of respective key personnel.

Employees

All the employees are responsible to inform their section in charge about the mishap. The employees

of the emergency area except involved in the emergency handling must assemble at the designated

assembly points.

Technical Coordinator

The persons in charge of the respective sections are designated as Technical Coordinators. They will

ensure that all operations are put in safe and standby condition.

Utilities Coordinator

The utilities coordinator will hold the responsibility of examining and assessing the requirement of

water for the purpose of fire fighting and other requirements like drinking and processing water. If

required, he will shut down the main power supply to the site and arrange for safe backup power in

the affected area and the emergency control center.

Liaison and Public Relations Coordinator

The liaison and Public Relations coordinator may be a separate person or the duties may be performed

by SMC only. He will liaise with local police/ law enforcing authority, District Collector, Chief

Medical Officer, District Fire Officer, etc. for possible help, if needed.

Transportation Coordinator

The transportation coordinator will have the responsibility of ensuring that all vehicles are in good

state of repair and maintain a log of all vehicle movement and remain standby for any immediate

situation.

Communication Coordinator

Communications officer will provide information to the emergency services as directed by SMC and

shall have all available means and messengers to communicate.



8.7 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

In addition to planning and delegating responsibilities to the identified key persons, the proposed land

parcel will be adequately equipped in terms of safety equipment and facilities in order to be

completely prepared for combating emergencies.

Fire Alarm and Fire Fighting

All the fire risks in the site like engine room, stores, vehicle dispatch section, administration blocks,

electrical substation, etc. will be adequately armed with fire alarm systems (smoke detectors) and will

be equipped with fire extinguishers. The land parcel will be equipped with an adequate fire hydrant

system.

Personal Protective Equipment

The PPEs act as last line of defense and provide physical protection to the personnel. Sufficient

supplies of PPEs like helmets, gloves, ear muffs/plugs, face mask, fire escape masks, water gel

blankets, goggles etc. will be maintained at the proposed site.

Communication System

Communication facilities play a key role in notification, coordination and even for calling external

help during emergency situations. In view of this, adequate communication arrangements shall be

made as given below:

• External telephones

• Facsimile

• Internal telephones in all sections

• Public Address System

• Walkie-talkies

In addition to the above, a siren with adequate audible range to cover the entire site will be available.

Training

Workers will be trained in fire-fighting and safety aspects through demonstration exercises and mock-

drills.

Emergency Control Center

It is necessary that the emergency is controlled from one specific point so that all the inputs are

available at the Emergency Control Center (ECC). At ECC a list of emergency telephone numbers,

communication facilities & necessary documents for emergency management will be available.

8.8 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PROCEDURE

It has been observed that pre-planned and practiced procedures for management of emergency

substantially reduce the damage potential of an accident. Thus, for any facility it is necessary to have

clear-cut procedures for different functions of emergency planning and management.

All occupants within the land parcel will be authorized to report the emergency. If the incident is of a

serious nature, the security in-charge of the shift will contact the site in-charge to report the situation



who will then mobilize suitable personnel to asses the situation and declare the emergency

accordingly. The SMC shall perform the following broad duties:

• Emergency Shut-Down

• Accounting of Personnel

• Evacuation

• Rehabilitation

• Inform relatives of the affected people

• Terminate the emergency procedures

These will be followed by:

• Head count of all the individuals at the assembly point.

• Constitution of the committee to investigate the cause of disaster, which will submit a detailed

report of the findings.

• Based on the findings and lessons learned during emergency, the on-site plan will be suitably

modified to make it more effective.

• Mock-drills will be carried out on the on-site plan to check its effectiveness and for

identification of areas for improvement.

• Regular training programs through audio-visual aides will be conducted to enhance the

preparedness of all workers, specially the emergency combat personnel.

8.9 OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN

Off-site emergency plan follows the on-site emergency plan. When the consequences of an emergency

situation go beyond the site boundaries, an off-site emergency comes into play. Off-site emergency is

essentially the responsibility of the public administration however; the site management will provide

public administration along with technical information relating to the nature, quantum and probable

consequences on the neighboring population.

The off-site plan in detail will be based on those events which are most likely to occur, but other less

likely events which have severe consequence will also be considered. Incidents which have very

severe consequences yet have a small probability of occurrence should also be considered during the

preparation of the plan. However, the key feature of a good off-site emergency plan is flexibility in its

application to emergencies other than those specifically included in the formation of the plan.

The main aspects which should be included in the off-site emergency plan are:

• Organization/ hierarchy

• Communication systems

• Specialized knowledge experts or agencies

• Voluntary organizations

• Meteorological information

• Humanitarian arrangements

• Public information

• Assessment of emergency plan



Emergency Code of Practices

The following are the code of practices (COP) that will be followed by Elite Township Pvt. Ltd.

during the disasters from natural hazards which can affect the proposed land parcel:

Objective

To provide relief to the affected people in quick and efficient manner

Earthquake Preparedness

The earthquake susceptibility in the proposed land parcel will be studied and the earthquake

protection measures will be accordingly incorporated in the building design stage itself.

Line of Action

Earthquakes are situations that do not affect a particular identified location. Thus, after the earthquake

the SMC will perform the following duties-

• Patrolling of sensitive locations and the entire facility

• Instruct communication officer to contact all department heads to give status of their

respective areas, men and machinery.

• If any help is sought at some place, mobilize the resources accordingly

• Immediate attendance of all the staff and visitors

Fire fighting COP

Objective

The main objective of this Code of Practice is to detect the source and location of the fire and

extinguish followed by the evacuation of victims and goods to a safe area.

Fire fighting Preparedness

The critical areas should be provided with fire alarm, extinguisher and automatic fire hydrant system.

Caution and awareness signage shall be strategically installed at regular interval in those areas.

Line of Action

Immediately on the breakout of the fire, the following line of action shall be adopted:

• To reach the location of crisis at the earliest

• To identify the source of fire and take necessary action to diminish the cause

• To make sure all the fire automatic fire hydrants are operational

• To evacuate the area as early as possible

• Instruct communication officer to contact all department heads to give status of their

respective areas, men and machinery.

• Immediate attendance of all the staff and visitors

• Providing of medical on site aid to affected people

• Call ambulance on immediate basis for the affected people and send them to nearest hospital

8.10 MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORKS AND CONCLUSION

The overarching objective of the project is the economic development of the region / State/ country

and improvement in the quality of life of the local population in general. It therefore becomes



necessary to develop an appropriate response mechanism, which would act in close coordination with

the District Collector / DDMA of the district. For this purpose, the authority should set up a Disaster

Management Cell with a small team of dedicated personnel trained in relief and rescue operations

required for the anticipated emergencies. In addition to the above the following should be undertaken

by the authority.

• Extensive afforestation programme will be undertaken with appropriate native species as per

guidelines of CPCB.

• Timely warning to the local residents will be made through an effective communication

system.

• Timely alerting the key personnel in Disaster Management Cell of the district for taking

emergency action.

• A Disaster Management Committee will be set up involving all the stakeholders particularly

the local community and NGOs and a list of personnel with allocated responsibilities will be

kept at the office and in all the concerned local body offices.

• All power supply lines and connections, public address systems, etc. will be thoroughly

checked before onset of the monsoon months and special mock drills should be will be

organised to put all concerned on alert.

• The administrative machinery of the project along with local NGOs will organize regular

awareness campaigns with the help of the local authorities where women and school children

from the community should be involved. Involvement of NGOs is necessary in mobilizing

community efforts for the control of epidemics by ensuring standards of environmental

sanitation, disposal of waste and personal hygiene.

• The buildings in the project site will be allowed to be used as safe shelters during

emergencies.

• Volunteers’ Handbook for Disaster Preparedness of the UNDP will be circulated during

awareness campaigns.

8.10.1 Coordination with Concerned Authorities

The policy of the Govt. of India emphasizes on sustainable disaster/risk reduction in all states/UTs by

building capacities at all levels to institutionalize disaster risk management in the country. For

strengthening the overall capacities for emergency/disaster response in the country, the Govt. of India

is systematically assessing the existing systems at the national, state and district levels. Mock drills

with the community should be carried out regularly which may be helpful while formulating the

disaster response mechanism by the authorities.


9-131 Corporate Environment Responsibility

CHAPTER 9. CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT RESPONSIBILITY

9.1 ENVIRONMENT POLICY

M/s Elite Township Pvt. Ltd. is one of the subsidiary companies of Ireo Pvt. Ltd (IREO). All the

policies and standard operating procedures followed by Ireo Pvt. Ltd. are applicable to and are abide

by all its subsidiary companies.

The IREO, along with its all subsidiary companies, has its own Environment, Occupational, Health

and Safety (EHS) Policy that focuses on the commitment to excellence in Environmental,

Occupational Health and Safety stewardship of all its activities and services. The Policy shows the

organization commitments towards:

1. Compliance to all applicable EHS legislation, statutory and regulatory requirements

2. Continual enhancement of EHS performance through sound practices.

3. Design, build and operate its facilities in an environmentally responsible manner, conserving

energy, water, other natural resources; minimizing waste generation and preventing pollution

thereby contributing to environmentally sustainable growth.

4. Accountability for ensuring a safe and healthy environment.

5. Providing training, awareness and resources to accomplish above mentioned EHS

commitments.

The duly signed policy is enclosed as Annexure 9.1. The commitment made under the above said

policy is applicable to M/s Elite Township Pvt. Ltd. and is being followed as it is.

9.2 STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES

As said above M/s Elite Township Pvt. Ltd. will strictly abide by the IREO’s standardized operating

procedures for project planning and execution phase of the project. The standard operating

procedures (SOP’s) have been divided under five heads based on project stages as follows:

Stage 1. Project Concept and Definition

Stage 2. Feasibility Study

Stage 3. Design Brief and Appointment of Consultants

Stage 4. Design Development and Production of Good for Construction (GFC’s) Drawings

Stage 5. Project Execution

The Annexure 9.2 Shows the process flow of above mentioned stages along with the inter-linkages of

various department s and inputs to be provided at all five stages

9.3 HIERARCHICAL SYSTEM OF THE ORGANIZATION

The hierarchical system of the M/s Elite Township Pvt. Ltd. is presented in Figure 9.1.


9-132 Corporate Environment Responsibility

Figure 9.1 Hierarchical System of the Organisation

9.4 REPORTING MECHANISM OF NON-COMPLIANCE

M/s Elite Township Pvt. Ltd. has team of qualified environmental experts personals to ensure the

implementation of environmental requirements. The environmental team proposes to conduct site

inspections as site requirements. Any non-compliances during the site inspections will be reported /

closed as per the reporting mechanism given in Figure 9.2.

Figure 9.2 Reporting Mechanism of Non-Compliance

environmental impact assessment study for “beach...

Documents