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ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit output taken across capacitor. 1 What happens during transient period from initial steady state to final steady state?

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Page 1: ESE 271 Spring 2013 Lecture 23 response of series RLC ...oe/Leon/ESE271S13/Lecture23.pdfESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit ‐output taken across

ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23

Step response of series RLC circuit ‐ output taken across capacitor.

1

What happens during transient period from initial steady state to final steady state? 

Page 2: ESE 271 Spring 2013 Lecture 23 response of series RLC ...oe/Leon/ESE271S13/Lecture23.pdfESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit ‐output taken across

ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23Transfer function of series RLC ‐ output taken across capacitor.

Poles:

Case 1 t diff t l lCase 1:

Case 2:

‐ ‐ two different real poles

‐ two identical real poles

Case 3: ‐ complex conjugate poles

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Page 3: ESE 271 Spring 2013 Lecture 23 response of series RLC ...oe/Leon/ESE271S13/Lecture23.pdfESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit ‐output taken across

ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23Case 1: two different real poles.

Step response of series RLC ‐ output taken across capacitor.p p p p

3Overdamped case – the circuit demonstrates relatively slow transient response.

Page 4: ESE 271 Spring 2013 Lecture 23 response of series RLC ...oe/Leon/ESE271S13/Lecture23.pdfESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit ‐output taken across

ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23Case 1: two different real poles.

Frequency response of series RLC ‐ output taken across capacitor.q y p p p

Overdamped case – the circuit demonstrates 

Uncorrected Bode Gain Plot

relatively limited bandwidth

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Page 5: ESE 271 Spring 2013 Lecture 23 response of series RLC ...oe/Leon/ESE271S13/Lecture23.pdfESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit ‐output taken across

ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23Case 2: two identical real poles.

Step response of series RLC ‐ output taken across capacitor.p p p p

Critically damped case– the circuit demonstrates the shortest possible rise time without overshoot.

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Page 6: ESE 271 Spring 2013 Lecture 23 response of series RLC ...oe/Leon/ESE271S13/Lecture23.pdfESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit ‐output taken across

ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23Case 2: two identical real poles.

Frequency response of series RLC ‐ output taken across capacitor.q y p p p

Critically damped case– the circuit demonstrates the widest bandwidth without apparent resonancebandwidth without apparent resonance.

Uncorrected Bode Gain Plot

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Page 7: ESE 271 Spring 2013 Lecture 23 response of series RLC ...oe/Leon/ESE271S13/Lecture23.pdfESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit ‐output taken across

ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23Case 3: two complex poles.

Step response of series RLC ‐ output taken across capacitor.p p p p

Underdamped case – the circuit oscillates

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Underdamped case – the circuit oscillates.

Page 8: ESE 271 Spring 2013 Lecture 23 response of series RLC ...oe/Leon/ESE271S13/Lecture23.pdfESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit ‐output taken across

ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23Case 3: two complex poles.

Frequency response of series RLC ‐ output taken across capacitor.q y p p p

Corrected Bode G i Pl

Underdamped case – the circuit can demonstrate apparent resonant behavior.

Uncorrected Bode Gain Plot

Gain Plot

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Bode Gain Plot

Page 9: ESE 271 Spring 2013 Lecture 23 response of series RLC ...oe/Leon/ESE271S13/Lecture23.pdfESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit ‐output taken across

ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23Series RLC resonance.

Zeros:

Poles:

Case 1: ‐ two different real poles

Case 2: ‐ two identical real poles

Case 3: ‐ complex poles

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Page 10: ESE 271 Spring 2013 Lecture 23 response of series RLC ...oe/Leon/ESE271S13/Lecture23.pdfESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit ‐output taken across

ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23

Series RLC resonance: Case 1 – two different real poles.

Uncorrected Bode Gain Plot

Underdamped case ‐ Resonance is not sharp.

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Page 11: ESE 271 Spring 2013 Lecture 23 response of series RLC ...oe/Leon/ESE271S13/Lecture23.pdfESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit ‐output taken across

ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23Series RLC resonance: Case 2 – two identical real poles.

Uncorrected Bode Gain Plot

Critically damped case ‐ Resonance is apparent but still not sharp enough.

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Page 12: ESE 271 Spring 2013 Lecture 23 response of series RLC ...oe/Leon/ESE271S13/Lecture23.pdfESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit ‐output taken across

ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23

Series RLC resonance: Case 3 – complex poles.

Half power bandwidth:

Corrected

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UncorrectedQuality factor:

Page 13: ESE 271 Spring 2013 Lecture 23 response of series RLC ...oe/Leon/ESE271S13/Lecture23.pdfESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit ‐output taken across

ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23

Another look at Series RLC resonance.Bandwidth.Bandwidth.

Half power bandwidth:

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Page 14: ESE 271 Spring 2013 Lecture 23 response of series RLC ...oe/Leon/ESE271S13/Lecture23.pdfESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit ‐output taken across

ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23Another look at Series RLC resonance.

Quality factor.y

Quality factor:

High values of Quality factor ensure sharp resonance peak.

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Page 15: ESE 271 Spring 2013 Lecture 23 response of series RLC ...oe/Leon/ESE271S13/Lecture23.pdfESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit ‐output taken across

ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23Example 1.

Design series RLC circuit with resonant frequency of 1 kHz and quality factor of 100Design series RLC circuit with resonant frequency of 1 kHz and quality factor of 100.

Inductors have series resistance that is often characterized by inductor Q‐factor: L rLωQ

Usual values of inductor Q‐factor are 50‐200.

Series resistance of the inductor has to be taken into account when calculating R.

sr

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Page 16: ESE 271 Spring 2013 Lecture 23 response of series RLC ...oe/Leon/ESE271S13/Lecture23.pdfESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit ‐output taken across

ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23Example.

Sketch the Bode Gain Plot of the following circuit:Sketch the Bode Gain Plot of the following circuit:

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Page 17: ESE 271 Spring 2013 Lecture 23 response of series RLC ...oe/Leon/ESE271S13/Lecture23.pdfESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23 Step response of series RLC circuit ‐output taken across

ESE 271 / Spring 2013 / Lecture 23

RLC band stop circuit – notch filter.

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