estimating soldiers location leveraging large scale crowd sourced smart phone data using ibeacon

8/19/2019 Estimating Soldiers Location Leveraging Large Scale Crowd Sourced Smart Phone Data Using Ibeacon

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ESTIMATING SOLDIERS LOCATION

LEVERAGING LARGE SCALE CROWD

SOURCED SMART PHONE DATA USING

IBEACON

G.R.Priyadharshini, V.Susithra, R.Nafsin & M.Tharageshwari

B.E.ECE, AD!PARASA"T! ENG!NEER!NG C#$$EGE,

ME$MAR%VAT%R.

ABSTRACT

!n tday's era ene(y warfare is an i()rtant fa*tr in any

natin's se*urity. The natina+ se*urity (ain+y de)ends n ar(y

grund-, nay sea-, air/fr*e air-. The i()rtant and ita+ r+e

is )+ayed 0y the s+diers. There are (any *n*erns regarding the

safety f these s+diers. The defense de)art(ent f *untry (ust

0e effe*tie fr the se*urity f that *untry. This syste( wi++ 0e

usefu+ fr s+diers, wh in+e in (issins r in s)e*ia+

)eratins. This syste( ena0+es !BEAC#N t tra*1 the s+diers

+*atins. !n this syste(, heart 0eat sensr is atta*hed t the 0dyf s+diers. The sensr (nitrs the hea+th f the s+dier.

!Bea*ns trans(it the +*atin 0ased n the )rin*i)+e f

B$E.Ea*h s+dier wi++ hae the %%!D t tra*e ut their

)sitins. S 0y using these e2ui)(ent's we are trying t

i()+e(ent the 0asi* +ifeguarding syste( fr s+dier in +w *st

and high re+ia0i+ity.

"E34#RDS5 iBeacon, Bluetooth lo ene!"#, hea!t $eat %en%o!

an& UUID

I' INTRODUCTION

Soldier is always facing death. He never shirks

responsibility. He fights in most difficult terrains, on hillsand mountain, in plains and forest. The defense of the

country is his primary mission. The role of soldier in

safeguarding the frontiers of his modest land is unique. He

lives and dies for the NAT!N. t is our responsibility to

help our soldier. That"s why we are introducing this pro#ect

which will be very useful for providing health status of the

soldiers and provide medical help to them at critical

situation in battlefield.

n our system we are basically focusing on Soldier"s health

in terms of his heartbeats and his body temperature. f

soldier gets in#ured and becomes unconscious by gunshot

or due to any other reason, then his heart beats startincreasing or decreasing gradually. n this type of situation

where the information about current heart brat rate becomes

the indispensable part of soldier, this pro#ect emerges out as

best to acknowledge the doctors at base station with the

correct and fast information. f heart beat either increases

above critical level or decreases below the critical level, a

message is automatically sent to base station with the help

of i$eacon.

$eacon will give the current location of the soldier which

will be useful for locating soldier"s location and providing

medical help as early as possible. ncase if the soldier is

dead the i$eacon is programmed to turn off itself. The goal

of this pro#ect is to develop a low cost, low power, reliable,

non%intrusive and non%invasive signs of health status. The

methodology adopted for this pro#ect is to use non%invasivesensors to measure heart rate and body temperature. Signal

conditioning circuits are designed to filter and amplify

signals to provide desired output. All the components used

in the circuit are low powered and cheap. The acquired data

is real time and is sent through A&' and into (icro

controller.

II' OVERVIEW O( THE S)STEM

Here the !ver view of the systems is shown and e)plained

briefly.

A. Heart beat sensor

* The Heart $eat sensor provides a simple way to studythe heart"s function.

* This sensor monitors the flow of blood through the finger.

* As the heart forces blood through the blood vessels in thefinger, the amount of blood in the finger changes with time.

* The sensor shines a light lobe +small High bright -&through the finger and measures the light transmitted to the&/.

* The signal obtained from the &/ is amplified by the

amplifier and will be filtered and provided to the A&'.

$. Temperature sensor

* The Temperature can be detected with the help of a

temperature sensor (01.

* The ( series are precision integrated circuit temperature

sensors, whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the

'elsius +'entigrade temperature. Station which when

pressed immediately will alert $ase station and thus will

not wait for heart beats to go out of the normal range.

'.(icrocontroller +23'14

* t continuously monitors the signals from the sensors and

if any abnormality like the heartbeat increased or

decreased or the body temperature rises or falls then the

information obtained from these sensors and the location

information obtained from the 56S modem is sent as the

message to a central location with the help of a 5S(

modem.



* The serial port of the micro controller is connected to

the i$eacon and 56S receiver.

&. 56S receiver

* The location of the soldier can be tracked with the help

of a 56S (!&-(

* The 56S receiver receives the signals from the satellite

and calculates the atitude and ongitude of the location of

soldier and sends it to the controller in the form of the serial

data.

-.i$-A'!N

• i$eacon is a new technology developed by Apple

that has been built into its operating system and

devices since 7840. t is based on $-

+$luetooth ow -nergy.

• i$eacon functions as an indoor positioning

system, that allows businesses to advertise their

presence to nearby smart phones.

• T9 power is used to determine how close you

are to a beacon. This can be presented either as

rough information +immediate:far:out of range

or as a more precise measurement in meters.

• The T9 power in the beacon protocol is the

strength of the signal measured at 4 meter from

the device +/SS ; /eceived Signal Strength

ndication.

• As the strength of the signal decreases

predictably as we get further, knowing the /SS

at 4 meter, and the current /SS +we get that

information together with the received signal, it

is possible to calculate the difference.

• i!S has this built%in, for other platforms, it needs

to be hand%coded.

• !bstacles such as furniture, people or

communication congestion can weaken the

signal.

<. '& =nit

• The '& displays the heartbeat rate and the

temperature, current date, time and location of

soldier.

III OPERATION

• The systems consist of an infrared +/ -&, a

photo transistor sensor, both high and low%pass

filters, as well as an amplifier, comparator and

output -&. An oscilloscope is included to

display the signal.

• nitially, the /%-& is used to illuminate a

person finger with infrared light. The light

intensity is modulated by blood pressure changes

within the finger before striking the photo

transistor. The sensor then converts the changing

light intensity into a proportional voltage

containing two components a large &' off%setcorresponding to the average light intensity as

well as a small varying signal caused by changing

blood pressure.

• The voltage signal is then passed through a high

pass filter to remove the &' component and then

light is amplified. ow%pass filtering is then

applied to remove any high frequency noise

before displaying the signal on an oscilloscope.

<inally, the signal is compared to a reference

voltage using a voltage comparator, and an output

-& is illuminated if the voltage signal is greater

than the desired threshold, indicating a heartbeat.

• The rectangular pulses which we get from this procedure are applied to the counter pin of the

micro controller. 'ounter of the (icro controller

counts the number of pulses for duration 1 sec.

multiplies it by 47 and displays as a heartbeat rate

per minute because in order to obtain the results

in bpm +beats per minute

<5=/- 4a>S!&-/ =NT 4 AT T/ANS(TT-/



<5=/- 4b>S!&-/ =NT 7 AT TH- T/ANS(TT-/

<5=/- 7.AT TH- $AS- STAT!N

• Since the detection of heart beats includes detection of

light changes through the finger, this process involves

means of capturing the light variations with great

accuracy. Hence the source of light must be such that

light passes through the finger efficiently. (aking

detection easier. Hence we are using the / -&, also

known as / transmitter.

5.(01 Sensor

* The (01 are 6recision integrated circuit temperature

sensor whose output voltage is linearly proportional to 8 '.

* (01 temperature sensor connected to pin ? @N

provides continuous temperature in analog form.

* hen low to high pulse is applied to micro controller

6'42< which has inbuilt A&' converts the analog value

into digital form.

* hen it successfully converts the value, it sends the

interrupt to the micro controller. (icro controller thus now

e)ecutes S/ +An interrupt service routine +S/ is a

software routine that hardware invokes in response to an

interrupt. s /s e)amine an interrupt and determine how to

handle it. S/s handle the interrupt, and then return a

logical interrupt value. where it reads the converted value

in A&' by sending High to low pulse to pin 7 /&. * 4B'

rise in temperature increases voltage by 48m@.

* The (01 thus has an advantage their linear temperature

sensor calibrated in Celvin, as the user is not required to

subtract a large constant voltage from its output to obtain

convenient centigrade scaling low cost is assured by

trimming calibration at water level.

* The (01s low !utput impedance, linear output precise

inherent calibration make interfacing to readout.

* The function of (01 in this pro#ect is to monitor the

body temperature.

H.(A9707%evel converter

* (A9707 is used for level conversion to convert TT

voltage level to '(!S voltage level.

* The (A9707 is an integrated circuit that converts signals

from an /S%707 serial port to signals suitable for use in

TT compatible digital logic circuits.

* The (A9707 is a dual driver:receiver. The (A9707

converts the information given by the 5S( and 56S

modem and is given to the microcontroller.

. 56S modem

* The 56S unit contains a 56S module along with a 56S

receiver antenna.

* The module functions according to its built and the

antenna receives the information from the 56S satellite in

N(-A +National (arine -lectronics Association format.

SMART-PHONEBLUETOOT



This data is then sent to the micro controller wherein it is

decoded to the required format and sent further.

* The 56S module continuously transmits serial data

+/S707 protocol in the form of sentences according to

N(-A standards.

* The latitude, longitude, time, date and speed values of the

receiver are contained in the 56/(' sentence as given in

the following e)ample +also refer N(-A format for other

sentences. n this pro#ect, these values are e)tracted from

the 56/(' sentence and are displayed on '&.

5eneral N(-A <ormat>

* The general N(-A +National (arine -lectronics

Association format consists of an AS' string

commencing with a D character.

* The D56/(' message format is as shown below>

D56/(', HH((SS.SSS, A, &&((, ((((, N,&&&((.((((, , 8.40, 083.?7,

&&((EED56/(', 4?477.F2G, A, 0G70.7FG1, N,

47412.0F4?, , 8.40, 083.?7,478132

.$-A'!N

• i$eacon is used to transmit the location by indoor

position.

• The main motto of this system to transmit the strong

signal from the soldier.

• /SS principle is used to compare the signals received

by the 56S receiver and i$eacon.

<5=/- F>i$eacon application in the mobile

TA$- 4> &escription of 56S messageIV' RESULT e have achieved the heart beat pulses shown in fig.F

and also the heart beat counter and temperature

measurement using (01 sensor shown in <ig.2.

<ig.1 are the 6ulses of Heart beat sensor obtained from

the circuit diagram given in <ig.0.

<ig. ?shows the counting of Heart beat pulse and it

measures the temperature using (01 sensor and the

readings are shown in the '& &isplay.V' CONCLUSION Above system when completed would help in

determining health status of soldier with measures of

heart beats and body temperature. t would also help intracking his position by using 56S modem and with

5S( modem it can send all information to base

station so that further necessary action could be taken.VI AC*NOWLEDGMENT e take this opportunity to thank our pro#ect guide,

(rs. (.enath for her guidance and support

throughout the course duration. Her efforts to clear our

concepts and to help us code the entire algorithm were

valuable for the development of this pro#ect. Her role



as a pro#ect coordinator helped us to meet all our

deadlines.RE(ERENCES

I4J S.5amache, Kocation Tracking ApplicationsL,

--- 41%48%8143%88, =E 7848.I7J ([email protected]./. 6.Cumar, 5./. @i#ay, [email protected]

and $.S. @i#aykumar,L Health (onitoring and

Tracking of Soldier =sing 56SL, nternational ournal

of /esearch in Advent Technology, @ol.7, No.F, April

784F -%SSN> 7074%3?0G, page no.734% 73F.I0J S.Nikam, S.6atil, 6.6owar and @.S.$endre, K5ps

based soldier tracking and indication systemL,

nternational ournal of Advanced /esearch in

-lectrical, -lectronics and nstrumentation

-ngineering @ol. 7, ssue 0, (arch 7840,

estimating soldiers location leveraging large scale crowd sourced smart phone data using ibeacon

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