GERERAL NAVIGATION BOOK (1)

2(18-20)NAVIGATION GREAT CIRCLES,RHUMB LINES AND DISTANCES ON THE EARTH 2.9 QUESTION10. Any Meridian Line is a: a) Rhumb Line b) Semi Great Circle c) Rhumb Line and a semi Great Circle

11. A Rhumb Line cuts all meridians at the same angle. This gives:a) The shortest distance between two points.b) A line which could never be a great circle trackc) A line of constant direction

3 (21-24) NAVIGATION EARTH MAGNETISM 3.16 CONSOLIDATION QUESTIONS 1. The sensitivity of a direct reading magnetic compass is: a) Inversely proportional to the horizontal component of the earth's magnetic field. b) Proportional to the horizontal component of the earth's magnetic field. c) Inversely proportional to the vertical component of the earth's magnetic field. d) Inversely proportional to the vertical and horizontal components of the earth's magnetic field.

2. What is the definition of magnetic variation? a) The angle between the direction indicated by a compass and Magnetic North. b) The angle between True North and Compass North. c) The angle between Magnetic North and True North. d) The angle between Magnetic Heading and Magnetic North.

3. At the magnetic equator: a) Dip is zero b) Variation is zero c) Deviation is zero d) The isogonal is an agonic line

4. Which of these is a correct statement about the Earth's magnetic field? a) It acts as though there is a large blue magnetic pole in Northern Canada b) The angle of dip is the angle between the vertical and the total magnetic force. c) It may be temporary, transient, or permanent. d) It has no effect on aircraft deviation.

5. Where is a compass most effective? a) About midway between the earth's magnetic poles b) In the region of the magnetic South pole c) In the region of the magnetic North pole d) On the geographic equator

6. The value of variation: a) is zero at the magnetic equator b) has a maximum value of 180° c) has a maximum value of 45° E or 45° W d) cannot exceed 90°

7. The agonic line: a) is midway between the magnetic North and South poles b) follows the geographic equator c) is the shorter distance between the respective True and Magnetic North and South poles d)Follows separate paths out of the North polar regions, one currently running through Western Europeand the other through the USA

8. The angle between True North and Magnetic north is known as: a) deviation b) variation c) alignment error d) dip

9. The value of magnetic variation on a chart changes with time. This is due to: a) Movement of the magnetic poles, causing an increase b) Increase in the magnetic field, causing an increase c) Reduction in the magnetic field, causing a decrease d) Movement of the magnetic poles, which can cause either an increase or a decrease

13 (15-16) NAVIGATION TROPOGRPHICAL MAPS & MAP REDING 13.3 CONSOLIDATION QUESTIONS 1. You are flying a VFR route and have become uncertain of your position. Which is the best course of action? a) set heading towards a line feature - coastline, river or motorway b) turn round and fly your flight plan tracks in reverse until you see something you recognised before c) fly a series of ever-expanding circles from your present position till you find your next check point d) Turn round and fly your flight plan in reverse back to base

2. Please refer to Appendix A (Page 13 - 17). What is the symbol for an unlighted obstacle? a) 9 b) 10 c) 12 d) 15

For the following questions please refer to Appendix A. 5. Which of the following is the symbol for an exceptionally high (over 1000 feet AGL) lighted obstruction? a) 6 b) 9 c) 10 d) 15

6. What symbol is used to show a VORTAC on a map/chart? a) 5 b) 7 c) 13 d) 14

7. Which is the symbol for a VOR? a) 4 b) 5 c) 13 d) 14

8. What does symbol 3 represent? a) lit obstacle b) lighthouse c) VRP d) aeronautical ground light

15(07-09)NAVIGATION DEPARTURE15.7 QUESTIONS14. An aircraft is flying around the Earth eastwards along the 60N parallel of latitude at a groundspeed of 240 knots.At what groundspeed would another aircraft have to fly eastwards along the Equator to fly once round the Earth inthe same journey time?

a) 600 knotsb) 240 knotsc) 480 knotsd) 120 knots

22(10-12)NAVIGATION LAMBERT’S CONFORMAL22.8 QUESTIONS5. Scale on a Lambert's conformal conic chart a) is constant b) is constant along a meridian of longitude c) varies slightly as a function of latitude and longitude d) is constant along a parallel of latitude

7. Scale on a Lambert conformal chart is:a) constant along a line of latitudeb) constant along a line of longitudec) constant everywhered) correct at the parallel of origin

23 (01-11) NAVIGATION MID-COURSE TEST23.2 PRACTICE TEST14. At a specific location, the value of magnetic variation a) depends on the value of magnetic heading b) depends on the value of true heading c) varies slowly over time d) depends on the type of compass installed

16. The value of magnetic variation on a chart changes with time. This is due to: a) movement of the magnetic poles, causing an increase b) increase in the magnetic field, causing an increase c) reduction in the magnetic field, causing a decrease d) movement of the magnetic poles, which can cause either an increase or a decrease

17. The direct reading magnetic compass is made aperiodic (dead beat) by: a) using long magnets b) keeping the magnetic assembly mass close to the pivot point and using damping wires c) pendulous suspension of the magnetic assembly d) using the lowest acceptable viscosity compass liquid

29. G/S = 240 knots, Distance to go = 500 nm. What is time to go?a) 20 minutesb) 29 minutesc) 2h 05 md) 2h 12 m

23 (01-11) NAVIGATION MID-COURSE TEST23.2 PRACTICE TEST3. An ICAO nautical mile is defined as? a) 6080 feet b) 1852 metres c) 1863 feet d) 6062 feet

37. An aircraft is climbing at a constant CAS in ISA conditions. What will be the effect on TAS and Mach No? a) TAS increases and Mach No decreases b) Both increase c) Both decrease d) TAS decreases and Mach No increases

39. Airfield elevation is 1000 feet. The QNH is 988. Use 27 feet per hectopascal. What is pressure altitude?a) 675 feetb) 325 feetc) 1675 feetd) 825 feet

43. By what amount must you change your rate of descent given a 10 knot increase in headwind on a 3° glideslope ? a) 50 feet per minute increase b) 30 feet per minute increase c) 50 feet per minute decrease d) 30 feet per minute decrease

44. You are on an ILS 3-degree glideslope which passes over the runway threshold at 50 feet. Your DME range is 25 nm from the threshold. What is your height above the runway threshold elevation? (Use the 1 in 60 rule and 6000 feet = 1 nautical mile). a) 8010 feet b) 7450 feet c) 6450 feet d) 7550 feet

52. On a Mercator chart, a Rhumb Line appears as a: a) small circle concave to the nearer pole b) curve convex to the nearer pole c) complex curve d) straight line

53. Mercator charts use _____ Projections ? a) cylindrical b) conical c) plane/azimuthal d) complex

26 (11-13) NAVIGATION TIME (1)26.6 CONSOLIDATION QUESTIONS – TIME THEORY14. `The Calendar Year and the Tropical Year are of different lengths. The difference is adjusted partly by using leap years every fourth calendar year. However, some years are not designated as leap years'. Which of the following years will be a leap year?a) 2001b) 2100c) 2300d) 2400

33 (19-20) NAVIGATION THE DIRECT INDICATING COMPASSDIRECT INDICATING COMPASS QUESTIONS1. In a standby direct reading compass there is:a) a non-pendulously mounted magnet system.b) a single pendulously mounted bar magnet.c) a circular magnet or pair of bar magnets pendulously mounted.d) a low magnetic moment system, either of circular or bar configuration.

3. For a position in the southern hemisphere, the effect of acceleration errors are greatest on headings: a) 180°(C) and 360°(C) b) 045°(C) and 225°(C) c) 135°(C) and 315°(C)

d) 090°(C) and 270°(C)

4. An aircraft in the southern hemisphere is turning from a heading of 045 °(C) to 315 °(C) using a DGI. At the end of the turn the compass will read ....... than 315 ° and liquid swirl will ....... this effect. a) more ; increase b) less ; increase c) more; decrease d) less; decrease

8. During a sustained turn ....... the nearer magnetic pole, the effect of liquid swirl will ....... compass turning error. a) away from; increase. b) towards; not affect. c) away from; not affect. d) towards; increase.

9. When carrying out a turn at the magnetic equator there will be: a) no turning error. b) a tendency to underread turns through south and overread turns through north. c) a tendency to underread turns due to liquid swirl. d) no turning error when turning through east or west only.

38 (17-19) NAVIGATION AIRCRAFT MAGNETISM AIRCRAFT MAGNETISM QUESTIONS9. The sensitivity of a direct reading magnetic compass is: a. Inversely proportional to the horizontal component of the earth's magnetic field. b. Proportional to the horizontal component of the earth's magnetic field. c. Inversely proportional to the vertical component of the earth's magnetic field. d. Inversely proportional to the vertical and horizontal components of the earth's magnetic field.

11. What is the definition of magnetic variation? a. The angle between the direction indicated by a compass and Magnetic North. b. The angle between True North and Compass North. c. The angle between Magnetic North and True North. d. The angle between Magnetic Heading and Magnetic North.

12. At the magnetic equator: a. Dip is zero b. Variation is zero c. Deviation is zero d. The isogonal is an agonic line

13. Which of these is a correct statement about the Earth's magnetic field: a. It acts as though there is a large blue magnetic pole in Northern Canada b. The angle of dip is the angle between the vertical and the total magnetic force. c. It may be temporary, transient, or permanent. d. It has no effect on aircraft deviation.

14. Where is a compass most effective? a. About midway between the earth's magnetic poles b. In the region of the magnetic South pole c. In the region of the magnetic North pole d. On the geographic equator

15. The value of variation: a. is zero at the magnetic equator b. has a maximum value of 180° c. has a maximum value of 45° E or 45° W d. cannot exceed 90°

56. By what amount must you change your rate of descent given a 10 knot increase in headwind on a 3° glideslope? a. 50 feet per minute increase b. 30 feet per minute increase c. 50 feet per minute decrease d. 30 feet per minute decrease

81. The term drift refers to the wander of the axis of a gyro in? a. any plane b. the horizontal plane c. the vertical plane d. the vertical and horizontal plane

86. How does scale change on a normal Mercator chart? a. Expands as the secant z (2 co-latitude) b. Expands directly with the secant of the latitude c. Correct on the standard parallels, expands outside them, contracts within them d. Expands as the secant of the E/W great circle distance

116. The value of magnetic variation on a chart changes with time. This is due to: a. Movement of the magnetic poles, causing an increase b. Increase in the magnetic field, causing an increase c. Reduction in the magnetic field, causing a decrease d. Movement of the magnetic poles, which can cause either an increase or a decrease

147. What is the reason for seasonal changes in climate? a. Because the Earth's spin axis is inclined to the plane of its orbit round the Sun b. Because the distance between the Earth and the Sun varies over a year c. Because the Earth's orbital speed round the Sun varies according to the time of the year d. Because of the difference between the Tropical Year and the Calendar Year

164. If variation is West; then: a. True North is West of Magnetic North b. Compass North is West of Magnetic North c. True North is East of Magnetic North d. Magnetic North is West of Compass North

189. How do Rhumb lines (with the exception of meridians) appear on a Polar Stereographic chart? a. concave to the nearer pole b. convex to the nearer pole c. an ellipse round the pole d. straight lines

205. Lines of latitude on a chart are always: a. Great Circles b. Small Circles except for the Equator c. Vertices d. Meridians

212. On the Polar Stereographic projection, a Great Circle appears as: a. a straight line b. a curve which becomes more near to a straight line as the latitude increases c. a curve convex to the nearer pole d. a curve which can be concave or convex to the nearer pole, depending on the latitude

231. On a Transverse Mercator projection, a parallel of latitude other than the equator is: a. an ellipse b. parabolic c. hyperbolic

d. a straight line

238. From the departure point, the distance to the point of equal time is: a. proportional to the sum of ground speed out and ground speed back b. inversely proportional to the total distance to go c. inversely proportional to ground speed back d. inversely proportional to the sum of ground speed out and ground speed back

39 (01-19) GENERAL NAVIGATION SPECIMEN QUESTIONSSPECIMEN QUESTIONS11. What is the definition of magnetic variation?a. The angle between the direction indicated by a compass and Magnetic North.b. The angle between True North and Compass North.c. The angle between Magnetic North and True North.d. The angle between Magnetic Heading and Magnetic North.

39 (01-19) GENERAL NAVIGATION SPECIMEN QUESTIONSSPECIMEN QUESTIONS70. Your pressure altitude is FL55, the QNH is 998, and the SAT is +30°C. What is Density Altitude?a. 6980 feetb. 7750 feetc. 8620 feetd. 10020 feet

39 (01-19) GENERAL NAVIGATION SPECIMEN QUESTIONSSPECIMEN QUESTIONS100. A Rhumb line is:a. the vertex of a conformal polyformic projectionb. a straight line on a Lambert's conformal chartc. a line on the Earth which cuts all meridians at the same angled. the shortest distance between two points on the Earth's surface

39 (01-19) GENERAL NAVIGATION SPECIMEN QUESTIONSSPECIMEN QUESTIONS129. Which of the following equipments does not use information from external sources in flight?a. INS / IRSb. pressure altimeterc. slaved gyro compassd. VOR

39 (01-19) GENERAL NAVIGATION SPECIMEN QUESTIONSSPECIMEN QUESTIONS176. What is the definition of EAT?a. Estimated on-blocks arrival timeb. Estimated time overhead the destination airfieldc. Estimated initial approach fix timed. Estimated final approach fix time

39 (01-19) GENERAL NAVIGATION SPECIMEN QUESTIONSSPECIMEN QUESTIONS

222. Given:IAS 120 ktFL 80OAT +20°CWhat is the TAS?

a. 141 ktb. 102 ktc. 120 ktd. 132 kt

39 (01-19) GENERAL NAVIGATION SPECIMEN QUESTIONSSPECIMEN QUESTIONS224. Given:True Course 300° Drift 8°R Variation 10°W Deviation -4° Calculate the compass heading.a 322°b 306°c 278°d 294°

GENERAL NAVIGATION SPECIMEN QUESTIONS Practice Final Exam - General Navigation

8. What is the meaning of the term `standard time'? a) It is another term for UTC b) It is the time zone system applicable only in the USA. c) It is an expression for local mean time. d) It is the time set by the legal authorities for a country or part of a country.

11. At a specific location, the value of magnetic variation: a) depends on the magnetic heading b) depends on the value of true heading c) varies slowly over time d) depends on the type of compass installed

12. The value of magnetic variation: a) has a maximum of 180° b) varies between a maximum of 45°E and 45W c) must be 0° at the magnetic equator d) cannot exceed 90°

13. In the northern hemisphere, during an acceleration in a easterly direction, the magnetic compass will indicate:

a) a heading of East b) an increase in heading c) an apparent turn to the South d) a decrease in heading

14. The direct reading magnetic compass is made aperiodic (dead beat) by: a) using long magnets b) keeping the magnetic assembly mass close to the compass point and using damping wires c) pendulous suspension of the magnetic assembly d) using the lowest acceptable viscosity compass liquid

15. In a remote indicating magnetic compass system, the amount of deviation caused by aircraft magnetism and electrical circuits may be minimised by:

a) the use of repeater cards b) positioning the master unit in the centre of the aircraft c) mounting the detector unit in the wingtip

d) using a vertically mounted gyroscope

16. Which of the following is an advantage of a remote reading compass as compared to a standby compass?

a) It eliminates the effect of turning and acceleration errors by by pendulously suspending the detector unit. b) It senses the magnetic meridian instead of seeking it, increasing compass sensitivity. c) It is more reliable because it is operated electrically and power is always available from sources within the aircraft. d) It is lighter than a direct reading compass because it employs, apart from the detector

unit, existing aircraft equipment.

18. On a Lambert Conformal Conic chart, earth convergence is most accurately represented at the: a) north and south limits of the chart b) standard parallels c) Equator d) parallel of origin

19. An Oblique Mercator projection is used specifically to produce: a) radio navigation charts in equatorial regions b) topographical maps of large east/west extent c) plotting charts in equatorial regions d) charts of the great circle route between two points

20. On the Transverse Mercator chart, scale is correct along the: a) equator, parallel of origin and prime vertical b) prime meridian and equator c) datum meridian and the meridian perpendicular to it d) meridian of tangency

21. Which of the following describes the appearance of Rhumb lines, except meridians, on a Polar Stereographic chart?

a) Ellipses around the Pole b) Straight lines c) Curves concave to the Pole

d)Curves convex to the Pole