gerund and infinitive...after prepositions after many adjectives as the subject or object of a...
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GERUND AND
INFINITIVE
GRAMMAR UNIT 6
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WHEN DO WE USE THEM?
GERUND INFINITIVE
After certain verbs or expressions After certain verbs
After prepositions After many adjectives
As the subject or object of a sentence After verb + object
After superlatives and the first/second/last…
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THE GERUND
Common verbs and expressions followed by the gerund:
Admit Consider Enjoy Go Mention Recall Stop
Appreciate Delay Fancy Imagine Mind Recommend Suggest
Avoid Deny Feel like Involve Miss Resent Tolerate
Be used to Discuss Finish It’s worth Postpone Resist Understand
Can’t help Dislike Forget Keep Practice Risk
Can’t stand End up Get used to Look forward to Put off Spend time
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THE INFINITIVE
• Adjectives:
• Verbs and expressions:
Afraid Certain Easy Likely Pleased Surprised Willing
Anxious Difficult Happy Lucky Shocked Welcome Wrong
Afford Care Expect Learn Plan Seem Wait
Agree Claim Fail Manage Prepare Struggle Want
Appear Decide Forget Mean Pretend Swear Wish
Arrange Demand Have a chance Need Promise Threaten Would like
Ask Deserve Hesitate Offer Refuse Volunteer
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GERUND OR INFINITIVE
• Verbs followed by both without change in meaning:
• Verbs followed by both with change in meaning:
Begin Can’t bear Continue Hate Intend Love Prefer Start
GERUND INFINITIVE
Forget What happened What to do
Regret What happened Something unpleasant to do
Remember What happened What to do
Stop An habit or activity To do something else
Try Experiment Attempt
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BE USED TO
GET USED TO
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WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE?
• We use be used to in order to talk about habits or routines:
• I’m used to waking up early. I always wake up at seven o’clock.
• I was used to working out three hours when I was fourteen.
• We use get used to in order to talk about habit in process:
• I’m getting used to waking up early. It’s difficult to me yet.
• Last year I got used to taking a walk every day. Now it’s really easy for me.
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SO/SUCH
TOO/ENOUGH
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HOW DO WE USE THEM?
• So is followed by adjectives, adverbs an nouns.
• I was so excited that I couldn’t sleep
• I had so many ideas that I did a lot of crafts.
• Such is followed by a noun:
• Such a day! It was really funny.
• It was such a sunny day yesterday.
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• Too is followed by adjectives or adjectives:
• He is too young yet.
• There are too many chairs in the room.
• Enough is followed by a noun, or preceded by an adjective or adverb:
• There are enough chairs here.
• You’re not old enough to drive yet.
HOW DO WE USE THEM?
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REMEMBER TO INCLUDE THIS
INFORMATION IN YOUR PORTFOLIO
USING YOUR OWN WORDS AND
EXAMPLES.
IF YOU HAVE ANY DOUBT, YOU CAN
LOOK FOR FURTHER INFORMATION IN
THE GRAMMAR APPENDIX OF THE
WORKBOOK OR MAIL ME.