HUMAN COMMUNICATION

Verbal Behaviors• Verbal Behavior constitutes one of the most important

classes of human social behavior.• Verbal Behavior is divided into several key areas:

• Emotion• Learning and Memory• Human communication

• Verbal behaviors is divided into two areas the one that relays the information and the receives the information.

Speech Production and Comprehension

• Most of the portion of the left hemisphere (whether left handed or right handed) is focus on speech.

• The perceptual function of the left hemisphere are more specialized for the analysis of sequences of stimuli, occurring one after the other.

• The perceptual functions of the right hemisphere are more specialized for the analysis of space and geometric shapes and forms, the elements of which are all present at the same time.

• If the left hemisphere is damaged or malformed the right hemisphere takes over its processes.

• Damage to the right hemisphere makes it problematic for a person to read geometric maps or can lead to inability to distinguish places.

Broca’s and Wernick’s Area

Broca’s Aphasia• One aspect of speech is being able to comprehend what you are

trying to say.• Broca’s Aphasia is characterized by slow, laborious and non-fluent

speech. Or simply being unable to fully relay what you mean to say.

• This disorder is due to a damage in the inferior left frontal lobe (broca’s area) whether due to stroke or brain trauma.

• People with this disorder are capable of supplying content words such as: nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs, but not functional words such as: a, the, some, in, or about.

• People with this disorder may not be able to speak more grammatically but they can comprehend language all the same as normal people do.

Broca’s Aphasia• There are two major deficits that best describes Broca’s

Aphasia:• Agrammatism which refers to a patient’s difficulty in using

grammatical constructions. • Anomia which refers to a word-finding difficulty or inability to

remember the appropriate word to describe an object, action or attribute.

• Articulation difficulties which refers to mispronouncing words and often altering the sequence of sounds.

• People with this disorder may be able to read written words but is limited.

Ex. What can you say about the picture?

Wernicke’s Aphasia• Recognizing spoken words is a complex perceptual task

that relies on memories of sequences of sound which is in the middle and posterior portion of the superior temporal gyrus of the left hemisphere, the Wernicke’s area.

• Wernicke’s Aphasia is a form of aphasia that is characterized by poor speech comprehension and fluent but meaningless speech.

• When you listen to a person with this disorder he/she uses correct grammar but does not usually use content words and the words that are put together does not necessarily make sense.

Other Aphasia’s• Pure Word Deafness • Transcortical Sensory Aphasia• Conduction Aphasia• Anomic Aphasia

Aphasia

Disorders of Reading and Writing

• Pure Alexia• Dyslexia

• Acquired• Developmental

• Surface Dyslexia• Phonological Dyslexia• Direct Dyslexia• Phonological Dysgraphia• Orthographic Dysgraphia

Disorders of Reading and Writing