human factors for software developers-2 › ~15110-n15 › lectures › unit10-x-human...gestalt...
TRANSCRIPT
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HUMAN FACTORS FOR SOFTWARE DEVELOPERS-2
Can Kültür, PhD
Summer 2015, CMU
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Previously
• We talked about understanding users and human perception.
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VISUAL DESIGN & PERCEPTION
– GESTALT PRINCIPLES – – BASIC DESIGN PRINCIPLES –
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What do you see? How many?
l ll ll l
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How do you percieve?
[ ][ ][ ]
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How do you percieve?
][ ][ ][ ][
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How do you percieve?
][ ][ ][ ][
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How they talk to their user? What is their main message?
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Gestalt
• German word for “form”
• In gestalt psychology it means “unified whole” or “configuration”
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Gestalt Principles
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Which is easier to remember?
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Gestalt Principles
• The sum of whole is greater than its parts.
• Each part have meaning on their own, but taken together, the meaning may change.
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Law of Balance/Symmetry
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Law of Continuation
People tend to continue contours whenever the elements of a pattern establish an implied direction
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What if we change some lines?
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What if we change some lines?
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What if we change some lines?
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Law of Closure
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Our minds will tend to complete objects that are incomplete
Law of Closure
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Law of Figure-Ground
A stimulus will be perceived as seperate from its ground.
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Law of Focal Point
Every visual presentation
needs a focal point, called
the center of interest or
point of emphasis.
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Law of Focal Point
• This focal point catches the viewer’s attention and persuades the viewer to follow the visual message further
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Law of Isomorphic Correspondence
if we see a familiar symbol we make assumptions about the rest of the image.
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Law of Prägnanz (Good form)
A stimulus will be organized into as good a figure as possible. Good means symmetricla, simple and regular.
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Law of Proximity
Closely spaced elements are related and those further apart are unrelated.
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Law of Proximity
Elements that are closer together will be perceived as related or as a coherent object.
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Law of Similarity
Elements that look similar will be perceived as part of the same form
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Law of Simplicity
• The simplest way to achieve simplicity is through thoughtful reduction
• Organization makes a system of many appear fewer
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Law of Unity/Harmony
Congruity or agreement exists between elements of a design. They look as if they belong together
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Law of Unity/Harmony
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Law of Unity/Harmony
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Law of Unity/Harmony
Which one is better?
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Color
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Whitespace (Negative space)
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Shape
Layout Planning:Shape
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Structure Colors
Font style Expressions
Design decisions
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SO, HOW TO BE SUCCESSFUL?
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FOCUS ON USER
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Usability testing & Prototyping
• You have to test (you know too much)
• Testing one user is 100% better than testing none
• Testing one user early in the project is better than testing 50 near the end
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Usability testing & Prototyping
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Usability testing & Prototyping
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• http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2014/10/06/the-skeptics-guide-to-low-fidelity-prototyping/
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* http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2010/05/sketches-and-wireframes-and-prototypes-oh-my-creating-your-own-magical-wizard-experience.php
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Form follows functions
Product design
Product Design
Aesthetics
Features and
Functions
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• Deals with context
• Design for experience use matters
• The more complex a product is the more difficult to identify how to deliver a successful experience to the user.
UX Design
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http://indianapolis.craigslist.org/ ------ http://www.craigslist.org/about/sites
How would you design it?
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SAMPLES
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QUESTIONS?