Ionic Bonds

Science of Technology

The Periodic Table and Atomic RadiusWhat is happening here

Atoms are getting smaller…why?

When you add more electrons to the same

energy level they are closer to the protons!

Atoms are getting bigger…why?

When you move down the table you are

adding MORE ENERGY LEVELS! So

electrons are further away from the

protons

Please watch the

“Atomic Radius” video

tutorial found on our

class page

Valence Electrons

Valence electrons are the electrons in the

highest occupied energy level of the atom.

Valence electrons are the only electrons

generally involved in bond formation.

You need to understand this chart!!!!

A Positive Ion (Cation)

A Negative Ion (Anion)

Elements within the same group have

the same electron-dot structure.

Chlorine Atom Chlorine Ion

When the valence shell is full, the

atom is stable, less likely to react.

Example: Noble (Inert Gases)

Kr

A Stable Octet

Naming cations (+).

Use the name of the metal.

Example: Na+

Sodium ion.

Naming Anions(-)

Use the name of the nonmetal with the

ending –ide.

Example: F-

Fluoride

Naming Ionic Compounds,

a First Look

Example: NaF

Sodium Fluoride

Ionic Bonds

Bonds that are formed by transfer of

electrons from one element to the other.

Each element (now an ion) will have a

complete octet after the transfer of electrons.

The Ionic Bond

• The electrical force of attraction between

oppositely charged ions.

Na+ F−

Formula Unit

A chemical formula that shows the

lowest whole number ratio of the

atoms (ions) in an ionic compound.

Example: KCl, Mg Cl2

The formula unit is used because ionic

compounds have a lattice arrangement

of ions. Ex: NaCl

Characteristics of Ionic

Bonds

Complete the practice problems

worksheet

NaCl

Sodium Chloride

Cation + Anion -

MgO

Cation + Anion -

Magnesium

Oxide