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APPENDIX

Appendix of covering letter and questionnaires given to subjects.

t J.m !>m i t s Av&nu*

johannasD-.fg 20U1 South Afm.d

Te legram s Ijru w it . Telex 4-27125 SA

UNIVER'slTV OF THE WI7WATERSRAND. JOHANNESBURG

716-2407

Eo4 s School of Psychology

D" October 1985

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am conducting a survey to find out union member's feelings towards

various aspects of work, family and the union. The aim of this project is

to increase our understanding of trade unionists. Hopefully this will

le^d to recommendations to improve conditions for unionised workers.

The questions cover the important areas of work, union and health. Please

would you help me by answering all the questions in terms of how you your

self feel, and not in terras of how you think your union or your company

would like you to answer. Some of the questions are personal ones but I

do not ask for your name so your responses remain confidential and anony

mous. Your answers will only be used for this survey. Nobody else will

get to see them. Remember, there are no right or wrong answers. I just

want you to answer openly and honestly. In this way a true understanding

of trade unionists can be reached.

Thank you for taking the time to help me with this project.

Yours faithfully,

D. HCJWSE

Biographical Details

First of all, I would like to ask you some qu e st io ns about yourself.

I do not want to know your name or address, so n obody will be able to

find out who you are from your answers.

1. What race are you? (tick appropriate box)

WHITE

BLACK

COL OU RE D

INDIAN

2. What sex are you? (tick appropriate box)

MALE

FEMALE

3. H ow o ld are you? (years)

4. What level of e du ca ti on have you reached? (tick a ppropriate box)

NO E DU CATION

GRADE 1 -

S TANDARD 1

S TANDARD 1-5

S TANDARD 5-JC

S TANDARD 9/

MATRIC

t

POST MATRIC/

D I P LO MA

UNIVERSITY

DEGREE

5. Dees your h u sb and/wife also work? (tick ap propriate box)

YES

NO

6. What is your job title?

7. What is your present wage per week?

8. How long have you been working with this orga ni sa t io n?(years)

i

YES

NO

* 9. Are you a me mber of a trade union? (tick appr o pr ia te box)

I

If you are a m ember of a trade union answer the following questions:

How long have ycu been a member of a trade u n i o n ? _______________ (years)

11. W h a t p osition do you hold in the union? (tick appropriate box)

MEMBER

SI1UP STEWARD

UNION OFFICIAL

12. Which d i v is io n of the union do you belo ng tc? (tick ap propriate box)

CAPE TOWN

k i m b e r l e :*

J O HA NN E S B U R G

FORT ELIZABETH

Industrial Relations Event ScalePage 3

Listed below are a number of events that sometimes happen at work. These

events bring about changes in the work situation which mignt have an

effect on you.

PLEASE INDICATE WHICH OF THESE EVENTS YOU HAVE EXPERIENCED IN THE PAST

YEAR by placing a tick in the column marked "occurred". OnLy tick the

"occurred" column if you have experienced that event in thi» past year.

If not, leave the column blank and proceed to the next item.

Also, for those events which you have experienced, please Indicate the

extent to which you viev/ed the event as having either a favourable (good)

or an unfavourable (bad) effect on you at the time of occurrence.

For example:

■

OCCURRED

EXTREMELY

UNFAVOURABLE

MODERATELY

UNFAVOURABLE

SLIGHTLY

UNFAVOURABLE

1 EFFECT

SLIGHTLY

FAVOURABLE

MODERATELY

FAVOURABLE

EXTREMELY

FAVOURABLE

If you found the event - extremely

unfavourable tick the "occurred" box

and the '-3' box

w / v7-2 -1 o +1+ 2 + 3

If you found the event - moderately


and the 1-2' box

3-1 3 +1

*2 + 3

If you found the event - slightly


and the '-1' box

3 -2

? '

3 ♦ 1♦2 ♦ 3

If you found the event - extremely

favourable tick the "occurred" box

and the '+3' box v /

-3 -2 -1 ( + 1♦ 2

If you found the event - moderately


and t!:* '+2+ box /

-3 -2 -1 C + 1+ 3

If you found the event - slightly


and the 1 box ,/

-3 -2 -1 c V *2 *•3

If the event or. urred but had no

effect on you tick the "occurrecf" box

and the 'O' box

-3 -2

- vV +1

► 2 ►3

If you have not experienced that event in the past year leave all

columns for that item blank and move on to the next item.

■

Page 4

Industrial Relations Event Scale

flow that you have read the examples on Fa^e ?, please complete

the following statements.

OCCURRED

EXTREMELY

UNFAVOURABLE

MODERATELY

UNFAVOURABLE

SLIGHTLY

UNFAVOITRABLE

NO

EFFECT

SLIGHTLY

FAVOURABLE

MODERATELY

FAVOURABLE

EXTREMELY

FAVOURABLE

1. Unfair labour practices -3 -2 -1 0 + 1 *2 ♦ 3

2. Being victimised -3 -2 -10 ♦ 1 ♦ 2 + 3

3. Being discriminated against -3 -2 -10 ♦ 1 ♦ 2 + 3

4. Failure to use industrial relations

procedures

-3 -2 -10 ♦ 1 ♦ 2 ♦ 3

5. Joining a trade union -3 -2 -10 ♦ 1 ♦ 2 + 3

6. Being intimidated -3 -2 -1 0 ♦ 1 ♦ 2 + 3

7. Being disciplined -3 -2 -10 ♦ 1 ■*•2 ♦ 3

8. Shop steward or worker representative

elections

-3 -2 -1 0 ♦ 1 + 2 + 3

9. Representing others -J -2 -10 + 1 ♦ 2 ♦3

10. Injustice and inequality -3 -2 -10 ♦ 1 ♦2 * <

1 1 . Anticipating or being approached by

a trade union

-3 -2 -1 0 ♦ 1 ♦ 2 ♦ 3

12. Being powerless to act in the face of

corruption

-2 -1f ♦ 1 ♦ 2 ♦ 3

13. Resistance to Black advancement - 3 *" d -10 + 1 ♦ 2 ♦ 3

14. Being called abusive names -3 -2 -10 ♦1 ♦ 2 ♦ 3

15. Not knowing who to turn to -3 -2 -1 0 + 1 ♦ 2 ♦ 3

16. Problems with accommodation, transport,

schools, etc.

-3 -2 -10 ♦ 1 *2 ♦ 3

17. Not being treated with human dignity , -2 -10 *1 + 2 ♦ 3

18. Job Insecurity -3 -2 -1 0 ♦ 1 »2 ♦ 3

19. Change in working conditions -2 -1 0 ♦1 ♦ 2 ♦ 3

20. Not being represented adequately -2 -1 0 + 1 ♦ 2 ♦ 3

Role Ambiguity and Role Conflict Scales

The statements which follow refer to feelings and experiences which

occur to most people at one time or another at work. Please indicstr

whether you feel the statement is true or false or if you are unr'aru.

.

TRUE

UNSURE

j

FALSE

1 . I feel certain about how much authority I have

2. Clear, planned goals and objectives exist for my job

3. I know that I have divided my time properly

4. I know what my responsibilities are

5. I know exactly what is expected of me

6. Explanation is,, clear of what has to be done at work

7. I have to do things that should be done differently

8.

•

I receive work without the people to help me com

plete it.

9. I have to violate a rule in order to carry out my

work.

10. I work with two or more groups who operate differently

11 . I receive Incompatible requests from two or more

people.

12. I do things that are accepted by one person and not

accepted by others.

13. I receive work without adequate resources and materials

to complete it.

14. I work on unneccessary things.

.Trade Union Social Support Scale

Page 6

Here are some statem«nts which refer to feelings and experiences which

occur to most peop’e at one time or another who belong to trade unions.

Please Indicate whether you agree or disagree with each statement by

ticking the appropriate box. If you agree with the statement place a

tick in the 'yes' column, and if you disagree place a tick in the 'no'

column. If you are unsure or only agree/disagree sometimes, then place

a tick in the 'rometimes/maybe' column.

•

</»UJ

»-

UJ

03

>-

rl/>

UJ

SHUJ

5S

1

2 My «hep s t ew a rd p r o t c c t * and a d v i s e * me on d 1 s c 1 pi 1na r y m a t t e r s .

j My u n io n p r o v i d e s me w i t h o p p o r t u n i t i e s to f u r t h e r my e d u c a t i o n .

Mv u n i o n o r q a n l s e s e v e n i n g c l a s s e s f o r f u r t h e r i n g my e d u c a t i o n

5 My shop s t ew a rd c l e a r l y e x p l a i n s my r i g h t s to me.

6 My shop s t ew a rd reduces the o c c u r r e n c e o f those bad m a n a g e r i a l p r a c t i c e s w h ic h A f f e c t me.

7 My u n io n p r o v i d e s me w l t n t r a i n i n g I n i n d u s t r i a l r e l a t i o n s m a t t e r * .

My shop s t ew a rd d o e s n ' t t r y to s o l v e my p ro b l e ms when a sk e d t o .

9 My shop s t ew a rd h e l p s me when 1 have done s o m e t h i n g wrong a t work. •

10 T h * r e a re enough t r a d e u n i o n o f f i c i a l s a t u n i o n m e e t i n g s to h e l p me w i t h fly p ro b l e m s .

I I 1 f ee l a s e n s e o f s o l i d a r i t y w>th f e l l o w u n io n w o r k e r s .

12 1 a t t e n d u n i o n m e e t i n g s w h ic h h e l p me u n d e r s t a n d t h i n g s b e t t e r .

1) My u n i o n i s e f f e c t i v e I n t a k i n g s t e p s to ( r o t e c t me a g a i n s t u n f a i r * l a b o u r p r a c t i c e s .

\ k My shop s t ew a rd ha s c l e a r l y e x p l a i n e d the g r i e v a n c e and disl_ipl«'Qrij p ro c e d u r e s to me. ' J

15 My un io n h e l p s m* u n d e r s t a n d the p o l i t i c a l s i t u a t i o n I n S o u t h A f r i c a .

16 My t ra de u n i o n keeps me w e l l I n fo rm ed on a l l f i n a n c i a l and l e g a l a i d th a t I t o f f e r s to i t s members.

17 My t ra d e u n i o n o r g a n i s e s c l u b s o r f u n c t i o n s f o r my f a m i l y (eg you th c l u b )

VIUJV

MCO>»5</)UJsE§v» l

8 I f 1 ware t o a p p - e l a g a i n s t my d i s m i s s a l th e r e wo u ' d be a t r a d e u n i o n o f f i c i a l the r e t o g i v e me the l u p p o r t 1 need.

19 My t ra d e u n io n o f f i c i a l * a re e f f e c t i v e I n s o l v i n g my p r o b le m * .

23 My t ra d e u n i o n I t e f f e c t i v e I p t a k i n g up l i t u e s w 1th management on my b e h a l f .

21 My t ra de u n io n would t ake up an u n f a i r l a bo ur p r a c t i c e f o r me.

22 My t r a d e u n io n 1* not s t r o n g enough to o f f o r me a l l the s u p p o r t 1 need.

23 My t ra de u n io n I * e f f e c t i v e I n I m p r o v i n g work c o n d i t i o n * f o r me.

2* My t ra de u n io n p r o v i d e * me w i t h e d u c a t i o n a l a i d (eg b u r i a r l e i ) .

25 My t r a d e u n i o n h e l p * me f i n d a Job when 1 am unemp loyed .

26 My t ra d e u n io n o f f e r * c h i l d r a r e f a c i l i t i e s f o r my c h i l d r e n .

27 I f 1 had a f i n a n c i a l p ro b 'e m my t ra d e u n i o n wou ld h e l p me.

28 1 am happy w i t h the wage I n c r e a s e s t h a t my u n i o n has n e g o t i a t e d I n the p a s t .

29 My t ra d e u r l o n does not o f f e r me a b u r i a l f und.

30 My t ra d e u n i o n p r o v i d e s me w i t h ad eq u a t e f i n a n c i a l a i d ( p e n s i o n , m e d i c a l a i d and de a th b e n e f i t s ) .

31 My t ra de u n io n I s e f f e c t i v e I n s o l v i n g my communi ty p ro b le m s .

32 My t r a d e u n io n p r o t e c t s me a g a i n s t any form o f v i c t i m i s a t i o n a t the w o r k p l a c e .

33 t have made us o f the f i n a n c i a l and l e g a l a i d t ha t my t r a d e u n i o n o f f e r s to I t s members.

31* My t r a d e u n io n wou ld g i v e me f l ’ c l a l s u p p o r t I f 1 went on a u n i o n o r g a n i s e d s t r i k e .

rhere i t someone a t the u n i o n o f f i c e * who ‘' I I I h e i p me to dea l w i t h my p e r to n a ! and f a m i l y p ro b le m * .

My i h o p t te w a r d I * e f f e c t i v e I n t a k i n g u p work r e l a t e d I s i u e s w i t h management f o r me.

37 I have c o n f i d e n c e and t r u s t I n m o i t o f my unlor, o f f i c i a l * .

38 My ih o p t te w a r d I * e a sy to t a l k t o about n»y p rob le m*

39 My t r a d e u n i o n o f f i c i a l * a r e av a l l a b ' to h e l p me t o l v e my p ro b le m * .

*•0 My *hop * t ew ar d I * a lw ay s t he r e to g i v e me the s u p p o r t I need.

Ill I f e e l f r ee to d i s c u s s my p ro b l e m s w i t h my shop s t ew a rd .

42 My shop s t ew a rd he'p», me to f ee l b e t t e r when I am I r r i t a b l e o r a n g r y .

1*3 My f e l l o w t ra de u n i o n members h e l p me s o l v e my f a m i l y p ro b le m s .

My t ra de u n io n h e l p s me w i t h p e r s o n a l needs .

*•5 I have g a i n e d n o t h i n g s i n c e j o i n i n g my u n i on .

I t h i n k t h a t my t r a d e u n i o n has a good re c or d f o r s o l v i n g my work • l aced o r o b l e t n * .

<*7 I have made a l o t o f new f r l e n J s whom I can r e l y on s i n c e j o i n i n g my un ion .

b d My t r a de u n i o n g i v e s me mo ra l s u p p o r t in h e l p i n g me to a s p i r e to my p o l i t i c a l g ^ a l s .

53 shop s teward o f f e r s me m o ra l s u p p o r t when I need I t .

5*t My shop s tew ard a lw a y s l i s t e n s to my p ro b l e ms ,

55 My f e l l o w u n i c n members g i v e me e m o t io n a l s u p p o r t when I am u p s e t .

Pag* 8

•*9 i - * n t a l k f r e e l y w i t h my sho p t t e w a r d w i t h o u t h a v i n g to watch what I say.

50 D u r i n g t imes o f p o l i t i c a l u u r e s t my t ra de u n i o n g i v e s me m o ra l s u p p o r t

51 The p eop le a t f he t r a de u n i o n o f f i c e s 11 scan to me and a r e e f f e c t i v e I n s o l v i n g my p r o b l e m s .

52 My shop s tew ard s t a n d s up f o r me and g l /es me s u p p o r t a t the w o r k p l a c e

Hardiness Scale Page ^

j. e items below consist of attitudes with which you may or may

not agree. Please plaoe a tick in the column that best describes

your reaction for each item.u S

LRE

DISAGREE

< NOT

1 . Most of life is wasted in meaningless activity

2. I find it difficult tc imagine enthusiasm concerning work

3. It doesn’t matter if people work hard at their jobs, only

a few bosses profit

4. Ordinary work is too boring to be worth doing

5. The belief in individuality is only justifiable to impress

others

6. Unfortunately, puople don't seem to know that they are only

creatures after all

7. The young owe the old complete economic security

8. A retired person should be free of all taxes

9. New laws should not be passed if they damage one's income

10. There are no conditions which justify endangering the health,

food and shelter of one's family of of one's self

11., Pensions large enough to provide for dignified living are

the right of all when age or illness prevents one from working

12. Those who work for a living are manipulated by the bosses

13. Thinking of yourself as a free person leads to great frus

tration and difficulty

14 .

I

Often I do not really know my own mind

Please indicate which of the two statements provided in each item

below BETTER represents y-'ux attitude by ticking the approporiate

box.

15. a . becoming a success is a matter of hard work; luck has

little or nothing to do with it.

a

b. Getting a good job depends mainly on being In the right

place at the right time.

b

16. a. As fa“ as world affairs are concerned, most of us are the

victims of forces we c&n neither understand nor control

a

b. By taking in active part in political and social affairs

the people can control w^>rld events.

b

17. a . Most people don't realise the extent to which their lives

are controlled by accidental happenings.

a

b. There is really no such thing as "luck"

bI

18. a. Sometimes I can't understand how supervisors arrive at

work evaluations

a

b. There is a direct connection between how hard I work and

the evaluations I get.

b

19. a . Many times I feel that I have little influence over the

things that happen to me

a

v

b. It is Impossible for me to bel4eve that chance or lu'-k

plays an important role in my life.

b

20. a . What happei.s to me is my own doing a

b.

*

Sometimes I feel that .1 don’t have enough control over

the direction my life is taking.

b

Author Howse Deborah Anne Name of thesis The Role Of The Social Support Offered By Trade Unions As A Moderator Of The Stress-strain Relationship.

1987

PUBLISHER: University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg

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lazarus, r. (1976) pattern of adjustment. mcgraw-hill: new

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