Learning Disabilities

Specific Learning Disabilities

• Becomes evident by the age of

AverageAbove Average

A student with SLD usually has an intelligence level of

Students with SLD may have problems with:

• Disorganization• Following directions• Poor coordination• Problems with short-term memory• Perceptual problems• Limited concentration• Speech deficits• Inadequate verbal skills• Problems with frustration

Three Academic Areas of SLD

Language-based

was historic legislation passed in the U.S. to ensure the rights of children with disabilities in the year

PL 94-142

1975

Definition and Identification

A disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in ____________________or in___________ ______________, spoken or written, which may manifest itself in an imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations.

understanding usinglanguage

Definition and Identification

Includes such conditions as perceptual handicaps, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction,________________, and developmental aphasia.

dyslexia

Definition and Identification

Does not include children who have learning problems that are a primary result of visual, hearing, or motor handicaps, of_____________ _____________, of emotional disturbance, or of____________________, culture or economic disadvantage.

intellectual disabilities

environmental

Definition and Identification

is usually left up to each state; however, usually two or more years below grade level is considered severe. Some states use 3 years or more below grade level.

Severe discrepancy

Definition and Identification

Discrepancy ModelIQ

Performance

Two standard deviations

Definition and Identification

Response to Intervention (RtI)• Schools need to use scientific,

_______________teaching methods as an intervention. If there is no progress, a determination of LD is acceptable.

• Schools are ________________________to take severe discrepancy into consideration.

researched

not required

Prevalence

• There are more students with LD reported each year than any other special education category. They constitute over ________of students placed in sp.ed. services

• There has been an ____________ in the number of students identified as LD due to broad wording of the definition; social acceptance of LD; and differing criteria from state to state

50%

increase