lec 1-intro to computer

8/9/2019 Lec 1-Intro to Computer

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What is a computer, its category and component

To become familiar with computer software, computer

hardware and computer environments

To know about the history of programming languages

To understand writing, editing, compiling, and linking

programs

Objectives

Chapter 1 : Introduction To Computers

And Programming Language


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4asic !ardware omponents


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Computer !o"tare

"oftware is divided into ' categories

"oftware

"ystem "oftware Application "oftware


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!#stem !o"tare

5ormally supplied by the manufacturer of thecomputer

onsists of utility programs and operating aids that

facilitate the use and performance of the computer

%ncludes the computers operating system

-elated software that manages the systems resources

and control the operations of the hardware.


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App$ication !o"tare

1esigned to perform a specific task such as course

registration or banking and a general&purpose such as

processor (eg. s Word+

ay be ac6uired by purchasing off&the&shelf or bydesigning for own purpose (custome made+

0ff&the&shelf # prewritten and ready to use

ustom made # written by in&house, consulting firm orsoftware house


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Where are the application and system

software7


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Computing %nvironment

)ersonal omputing

Time&"haring

lient 8 "erver omputing

%nternet omputing


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)ersonal computing environment


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Time&sharing environment


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Histor# O" Computer Languages

omputer language evolution

The on$# $anguage understood b# a computer is

machine $anguage


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$.achine 9anguage

omputer only understand this language.

"eries of $s and :s

1ifficult to write.

9ow level language

'. "ymbolic 9anguage

*ni6ue to particular computer.

*se mnemonics symbols. ;.g. ultiply

;asier to understand.

Histor# O" Computer Languages &cont'(


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. !igh&9evel 9anguage

)ortable to many different computers.

%nstruction are coded

;g. 0409 (4usiness+, ?0-T-A5 ("cientific+,

4A"%, )ascal, , @@, ava etc.

/. 5atural 9anguage

9ike our natural language (such as ;nglish, ?rench, or

hinese+

%ts use is still 6uite limited.

Histor# O" Computer Languages &cont'(


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Program )eve$opment

A computer understands a program only if the programis coded in its machine language.

)rogrammer have to write the program and turn it into

an e3ecutable (machine language+ file.

)rogrammer have to understand the problem &B breakinto actions&B e3ecute by the computer.

steps in the process #

&Writing and editing program

&ompiling the program

&9inking the program


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Program )eve$opment

"teps in the solution must be written in a programming

language (the source code+&B use te*t editor'

"ource code(source file+ must be converted into machine codes

that the computers microprocessor can understand&compi$ed(+,

done bycompi$er'

C-- Compi$er . preprocessor &scan "or preprocessor

directive(

+ trans$ation &converting the program to

machine language+

Lin/erassembles other functions into e*ecutab$e program.

Loaderlocates the e3ecutable programs and reads it into

memory and control is given to the programs to begin


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lec 1-intro to computer

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