Major Civil War BattlesOctober 1861- Battle of Bull Run

May 1863 - Battle of Chancellorsville

April 1862 - Battle of Shiloh

September 1862 -Battle of Antietam

July 1863 - Battle of Gettysburg

April 9, 1865 - Surrender at Appomattox

Battle of Bull Run (July,1861)

Bull Run. VirginiaHundreds of Union spectators come out to watch their army destroy the Confederates.Southern troops did not run as expected.General Thomas Stonewall Jackson inspires his men.3,000 Union deaths/2,000 ConfederatesBull Run was important because it proved that the war would be long and bloody. President Lincoln appoints cautious George Mclellan as new commander.

First Battle of Bull Run near Manassas, VA.

The Ironclads The Merrimack and the Monitor introduced a new age of naval warfare to the world. These two war ships were covered with iron plating protecting them when under fire. Even though the two ships did not float very well both it showed everyone the new kinds of technology that the war introduced to the world. The Confederate army took one of the abandoned Federal steam frigates added iron shingles and turned it into an almost undefeatable nightmare for the Union marines. The ship rammed two wooden Union ships, the Cumberland and the Congress. None of wooden vessels were a match for the Merrimack. However, the very next day the north also displayed an armor clad ship, the Monitor. When the two ships challenged each other on March 9, 1862 there was no telling who would win.

General Thomas Stonewall JacksonGeneral of the Confederate Army.Earned his name by standing his ground during the Battle of Bull Run.Won many victories for the Confederacy.

Battle of Antietam (September,1862)

Antietam, MarylandGeneral Robert E. Lee goes on the offensive.Lees messenger loses his battle plans. 2 Union soldiers find plans and give them to General McClellan.McClellan still cautious to attack.23,000 soldiers killedNeither side really won, but since Lee withdrew his troopsgive it to the Union.McClellan is fired by President Lincoln and replaced by General Ambrose Burnside.

The Battle of Antietam General Ambrose BurnsideGeneral Robert E. LeeFired General Cautious George McClellan

Battle of Fredericksburg (Dec. 1862)Union army marched towards Richmond once again.Led by Gen. BurnsideGen. Lee retreated to a hill and fought defensively.Burnsides troops charged and lost 6 times.One of the worst Union defeats during the war. 13,000 Union dead/4,500 Confederates.

Battle of Chancellorsville, VA(May 1863)Lee and Jackson together defeat the Union in 3 days.Nervous Confederates fire at what they thought was a Union riderWho was it?Stonewall JacksonR.I.P. Thomas Stonewall Jackson

Battle of Shiloh, TN(April 1862)War in the West focused on controlling the Mississippi River.Union was winning easily.General Ulysses S. Grant and his determination prevail at Shiloh.Victory allows Union to eventually control both ends of the Mississippi.Union General Ulysses S. Grant

Shiloh Battlefield

Civil War Drummers

Major Civil War BattlesJuly 1861- Battle of Bull Run

April 1862 - Battle of Shiloh

September 1862 -Battle of Antietam

December 1862- Battle of Fredericksburg

May 1863 - Battle of Chancellorsville

Emancipation Proclamation (September 22, 1862)On the 1st day of January, in the year of our Lord 1863, all persons held as slaves within any state orpart of a state (whose) peopleshall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free.

African Americans in the War54th Massachusetts RegimentAttacked Confederate troops at Fort Wagner in Charleston, South Carolina. the men died but proved themselves among the bravest of the brave, performing deeds of daring and shedding their blood with a heroism unsurpassed by soldiers of any race.By the end of the war, nearly 200,000 African Americans fought for the Union. 40,000 lost their lives.

Fort WagnerJuly 1863Confederate control strong fort near Charleston, SC.North attacks the fort and loses badly.54th Massachusetts fights bravely and earns respect from white generals, troops.

Women in the WarClara BartonNurseFounded the American Red Cross.Loreta Janeta VelazquezDisguised herself as a man to fight in battle of Shiloh and Bull Run.2,000 women served as Nurses during the Civil War.Civil War Medical Kit

Fall of Vicksburg, MississippiVicksburg was the last Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River.Grant and his men battled for six weeks.July 4th, 1863 Confederates surrenderedthey had no food.Entire Mississippi now controlled by Union = Confederacy is split in 2.Total War launched against South.

Battle of Gettysburg, PAAfter victory at Chancellorsville, Lee moves to attack by surprise, then capture DC. (July, 1863)3-day battle marked by Picketts charge.(15,000 men) Huge defeat for Confederates.40,000 men dead or wounded.*South would never again attack the North.Open field surgery as an amputation is performed at a Union hospital tent. Dead Union troops.Gatehouse to the Evergreen Cemetery.

Picketts Charge at Gettysburg

Gettysburg Address/Election 1864We here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vainthat this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedomand that the govt of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the Earth.Abe Lincoln (Nov. 19, 1863)McClellan (D) Pro-slaveryLincoln (R)Anti-slaveryWith malice toward none, with charity for alllet us striveto bind up the nations woundsto do all which may achieve a just and a lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.--Lincoln (2nd Inaugural address)

Surrender at Appomattox Courthouse, VA (April 9, 1865)General Robert E. Lee surrenders to General Ulysses S. Grant.-Grant is generous by letting the Confederate officers keep their pistols, and the soldiers to keep their horses. The war is over. The rebels are our countrymen again.

Battles of Gettysburg/Appomattox

Effects of the War360,000 Union soldiers killed.250,000 Confederate soldiers killed.Union is secureFederal govt strong.Freedom for African Americans13th amendment,14th amendment, 15th amendment.South resents North because of total war. Pass Jim Crowe Lawskeep south segregated.

Total War