May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 1

Parametric Amplification and Multiple Wavelength Conversion in

HNLF: Experimentation and Modelling

Miroslav KARÁSEK,Jiří Kaňka, Jan Radil

Josef Vojtěch

experimentation modelling

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 2

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

third- order parametric processes involve non-linear interactions among 4 optical waves and include 3rd harmonic generation, FWM and parametric amplification3rd - order non-linear polarization PNL=ε0χ(3):EEE

χ(3)…. tensor of 3rd – order susceptibilitysignificant FWM occurs only if the phase mismatch Θ=(k1+k2-k3-k4)z-(ω1+ ω2- ω3- ω4)t vanishes, or when Δk=k3+k4-k1-k2= (n3ω3+n4ω4- n1ω1- n2ω2)/c≈0

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 3

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

frequency

am

plit

ude

ω1ω331ω221

ω113

ω321ω3ω2ω231

ω223 ω332

ω332

ω112ω223

ω231 ω321

ω123 ω132ω221

ω331

ω113 ω112

strong pumps

signal

idler

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 4

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

λp1

EDFA

RFG1

PC

OBPF

λp2

λs

phase modul.

(λp1+ λp2)/2

OSA

RFG2

PC

HNLF

PM

OSC

DEMUX

10%

95%

5%

90%

1%

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 5

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

experiment

4 spools of HNLF, λ0=1532nm, 1546nm, 1560nm, and 1560nm, length 500m, 500m, 1000m, and 1500m, D’=0.019-0.021ps/(nm2km), =10.5 W-1 km-1

2 RF generators Agilent HP E8257D and E4436BRF power combiners and RF amplifier, Mini-Circuits: ZFSC-2-2500, ZHL-42WOscilloscope Infinniun 86100C 10 Gbit/s multipurpose platform Cisco 15454Pump seeds: LC25W WDM LDsEDFA Keopsys

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 6

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

experiment

1545 1550 1555 1560 1565 1570 1575

-60

-40

-20

0

po

we

r, d

Bm

wavelength, nm

amplification of 4 WDM channels#31 - #34

signals

pump

idlers

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 7

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

experiment

1545 1550 1555 1560 1565 1570 1575

-60

-40

-20

0

po

we

r, d

Bm

wavelength, nm

signals idlers

pump

amplification of 4 WDM channels#35 - #38

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 8

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

experiment

1540 1545 1550 1555 1560 1565 1570 1575 1580 1585

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

Po

we

r (d

B)

Wavelength (nm)

Pump OFF Pump ON

p1

= 1562.20 nm

p2

= 1563.00 nm

s = 1549.32 nm

SignalsPump

Idlers

Fiber OPA@WC

-12.55

0.0

Pin,avg

pump ~ 400 mW

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 9

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

experiment

signal #35 (1549.32nm)

copy #37 (1547.72nm)

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 10

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

experiment

Copy #33 (1550.92 nm)

copy #31 (1552.52nm)

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 11

1520 1540 1560 1580 1600 1620-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

p1

= 1562.20 nm

p2

= 1563.00 nm

Pin,avg

pump :

Po

we

r (d

B)

wavelength, nm

89 mW 182 mW 252 mW 362 mW 534 mW

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

experiment parametric amplified spontaneous emissioneffect of pump power

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 12

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

experiment

1540 1550 1560

-40

-20

0

20

0=1546nm, L

HNLF=500m,

p1=1548.51nm,

p2=1549.32nm, P

edfa=29.4dBm,

s=1554.94nm, f

m1=100MHz(-10dBm), f

m2=420MHz (-10dBm)

po

we

r, d

Bm

wavelength, nm

signal in anomalous dispersion region

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 13

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

simulations

Parametric amplification and single wavelength conversion have been simulated by numerical solution of coupled-wave equationsFor numerical simulations of Multiple Wavelength Conversion we have used commercial packages, OptSim 3.5 (ARTIS) and OptiSystem 4.0 (Optiwave)

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 14

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

simulations

2 1/ 2

2 1/ 2

2 1/ 2

2 1/ 2 2 1/ 2

4 ( ) sin

2 ( ) sin

2 ( ) sin (1)

(2 ) ( / ) ( / )

pp s i

sp s i

ip s i

p s i p i s p s i

dPP PP

dzdP

P PPdzdP

P PPdzd

P P P P P P P P Pdz

1/ 24( ) cos ,

( ) ( ) 2 ( ), ( ) ( ) 2 ( )

s i

s i p s i p

PP

z z z

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 15

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

simulations

1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580

0

5

10

15

ga

in, d

Bwavelength, nm

Pp=200mW

300mW 500mW 700mW

p=1561nm, P

s=1mW

1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590-30

-20

-10

0

10

p=1561nm, P

s=1mW

con

vers

ion

ga

in, d

B

idler wavelength, nm

Pp=200mW

300mW 700mW effect of pump power

signal gainparametricconversion

gain

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 16

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

simulations

1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580

0

5

10

15

ga

in, d

Bm

wavelength, nm

p=1561nm

1562nm 1563nm 1564nm

Pp=500mW, P

s=1mW

effect of pump wavelength off-set

from zero dispersion wavelength

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 17

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

simulations

1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580

0

5

10

15

20

gain

, dB

wavelength, nm

Ps

in= -10dBm

-3dBm 0dBm 10dBm

effect of signal power on

spectral dependence of gain

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 18

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

simulations

1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

po

we

r, d

Bm

wavelength, nm

PpumpEDFA

=350mW, Psignal

=1mW

SPM split of pumps

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 19

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

simulation

1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

po

we

r, d

Bm

wavelength, nm

PpumpEDFA

= 350mW

400mW 500mW 600mW

parametric amplified spontaneous emissioneffect of pump power

May 16, 2006

TERENA Networking Conference 2006, Catania, Italy 20

Parametric Amplification and Wavelength Conversion in HNLF

Conclusions

We have verified that simulation results based on numerical solution of coupled-wave equations and commercial simulation packages are in qualitative agreement with experiments of parametric amplification and wavelength conversion in HNL fibresProblems to be solved:

suppression of SBS ASE elimination