mizoram state roads ii – regional transport connectivity ......8.1 letter regarding diversion at...

Resettlement Action Plan and Indigenous Peoples Development Plan for Chhumkhum-Chawngte Road

Mizoram State Roads II – Regional Transport Connectivity Project (Funded by the World Bank)

RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN AND

INDIGENOUS PEOPLES DEVELOPMENT PLAN

OF

CHHUMKHUM - CHAWNGTE ROAD

February 2014

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Abbreviations .................................................................................................................................................. vi

Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................................... viii

Chapter 1 – Project Identification.................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Existing Road Conditions ...................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Salient Features of the Project Road ..................................................................................................... 2

Chapter 2 – Objectives and Study Methodology .......................................................................................... 5 2.1 Objectives .............................................................................................................................................. 5 2.2 Collection of Right of Way (ROW) Data .............................................................................................. 5 2.3 Identification of affected land plots ....................................................................................................... 5 2.4 Census and Socio Economic Survey ..................................................................................................... 5 2.5 Stakeholder Consultations ..................................................................................................................... 6

Chapter 3 – Socio-Economic Profile .............................................................................................................. 7 3.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 7 3.2 Overview of Mizoram ........................................................................................................................... 7 3.3 Project Influence Area (PIA) ................................................................................................................. 9 3.4 Socio-Economic Profile of Direct Impact Zone (DIZ) ........................................................................ 11

Chapter 4 – Proposed Improvements .......................................................................................................... 13 4.1 Salient Features of the Project ............................................................................................................. 13

Chapter 5 – Minimizing Adverse Impacts ................................................................................................... 16 5.1 Design Considerations ......................................................................................................................... 16 5.2 Analysis of Alternatives ...................................................................................................................... 16

Chapter 6 – Socio-Economic Profile of the Project Affected Households ................................................ 19 6.1 Social Profile ....................................................................................................................................... 19 6.2 Economic Profile ................................................................................................................................. 21 6.3 Project Awareness ............................................................................................................................... 22

Chapter 7 – Social Impact Assessment ........................................................................................................ 24 7.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 24 7.2 Project Impacts .................................................................................................................................... 24 7.3 Likely impacts during construction stage ............................................................................................ 27

Chapter 8 – Stakeholder Consultations ....................................................................................................... 28 8.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 28 8.2 Consultations with Communities ........................................................................................................ 28 8.3 State Level Consultations .................................................................................................................... 31

Chapter 9 – Resettlement Policy Framework ............................................................................................. 33 9.1 Applicable Acts and Policies ............................................................................................................... 33 9.2 Purpose of Social Management Framework ........................................................................................ 34 9.3 Definitions ........................................................................................................................................... 35 9.4 Entitlement Matrix .............................................................................................................................. 39 9.5 Methods for Assessment of Replacement Cost ................................................................................... 45 9.6 Other processes to be followed ............................................................................................................ 45 9.7 Land Acquisition by Negotiated Settlement Method .......................................................................... 46

Chapter 10 – Institutional Arrangements ................................................................................................... 48 10.1 PIU (State) Level ............................................................................................................................. 48 10.2 Special Land Acquisition Officer .................................................................................................... 49 10.3 Project Road Level .......................................................................................................................... 49 10.4 RAP & IPDP Implementation support Agency/NGO ..................................................................... 50 10.5 Construction Supervision Consultant .............................................................................................. 51 10.6 Special Committee .......................................................................................................................... 52

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Chapter 11 – Disclosure, Consultation and Participation Plan ................................................................. 53 11.1 Information Disclosure .................................................................................................................... 53 11.2 Consultation & Participation Plan ................................................................................................... 53

Chapter 12 – Grievance Redressal Mechanism .......................................................................................... 55 12.1 Grievance Redressal Committee ..................................................................................................... 55 12.2 Suggestion and Complaint Handling Mechanism ........................................................................... 56 12.3 Management of SCHM ................................................................................................................... 57

Chapter 13 – Monitoring and Evaluation ................................................................................................... 59 13.1 Monitoring ....................................................................................................................................... 59 13.2 Evaluation ....................................................................................................................................... 63 13.3 Reporting ......................................................................................................................................... 64

Chapter 14 – Implementation Arrangement and Schedule ....................................................................... 65 14.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 65 14.2 Schedules for RAP & IPDP Implementation .................................................................................. 66

Chapter 15 – Livelihood Restoration and Income Generation Plan ......................................................... 70 15.1 Income Restoration Measures under the Project ............................................................................. 70 15.2 Local Trade and Production Enhancement Plan ............................................................................. 70 15.3 Potential Options for Livelihood Support in the Project Area ........................................................ 71 15.4 Institutional Mechanism .................................................................................................................. 75

Chapter 16 – Gender Plan ............................................................................................................................ 77 16.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 77 16.2 Potential Project Impacts on Women .............................................................................................. 78 16.3 Women Involvement in Project Preparation and Implementation .................................................. 78 16.4 Involvement of Women in Construction Activities ......................................................................... 78 16.5 Provisions for Women in Construction Camp ................................................................................. 79 16.6 Women role in Implementation and Evaluation of RAP & IPDP ................................................... 79 16.7 Measures for Controlling STD and AIDS ....................................................................................... 80

Chapter 17 – Resettlement Budget ............................................................................................................... 82 17.1 Resettlement Budget ....................................................................................................................... 82

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List of Annexures, Tables, Figures and Photos

Annexures Description 6 Socio-economic Tables 6.10 to 6.15

7.1 List of PAHs losing structures 7.2 List of PAHs losing land 7.3 List of CPRs affected 7.4 List of Trees by type 8.1 Letter regarding diversion at Lungrang English and Mizo versions 8.2 List of participants in Consultations

15.1 Draft Estimation Market Shed Toilet and Drinking Water

Tables Description 1.1 Proposed Project Roads under MSRP II – Regional Transport Connectivity

Project 3.1 An Overview of Mizoram 3.2 Description of the Project District 3.3 Overview of Direct Impact Zone 5.1 Analysis of Alternatives for Diversion/Realignment 1 5.2 Analysis of Alternatives for Diversion/Realignment 2 6.1 Distribution of PAPs 6.2 Distribution of Project Affected Persons by village 6.3 Distribution of PAHs by household size 6.4 Distribution of PAPs by education level 6.5 Distribution of PAPs by age 6.6 Distribution of PAPs by Marital status 6.7 Number of Vulnerable PAHs 6.8 Distribution of PAPs by occupation 6.9 Monthly Household Income of PAHs by income range 7.1 Distribution of PAHs by type of ownership of asset 7.2 Village wise Project Affected Households by land and structure 7.3 Impacted land by village 7.4 Ownership of land by type of pass/permit 7.5 Land passes by issuing authority 7.6 Affected land by type of land use 7.7 Impact on structures by village 7.8 Impacts on structures by typology of structure 7.9 Area of structures by type (sqm

7.10 Impacts on structures by type of ownership 7.11 Affected Structure by type and age

9.1 Applicable Acts and Policies 9.2 Entitlement Matrix

14.1 Implementation Schedule of RAP & IPDP 15.1 PAHs covered under NLUP 17.1 Compensation Cost 17.2 Resettlement and Rehabilitation Assistance Budget 17.3 RAP & IPDP Implementation Costs 17.4 Consolidated RAP & IPDP Implementation Budget

Figures Description 1.1 & 1.2 Mizoram Road Map and Project Road

10.1 Institutional Arrangement for RAP & IPDP Implementation 12.1 Grievance Redressal Mechanism

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Photos Description 1.1 Road condition at Luangrang and Chhumkhum 4.1 Start point of the existing Chhumkhum - Chawngte road 8.1 Consultation at Chhumkhum & Rangte villages 8.2 Stakeholder Consultation on the Draft Social Management Framework

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Abbreviations

AE Assistant Engineer BSR Basic Schedule Rates CADC Chakma Autonomous District Council CIG Common Interest Group CPR Common Property Resource CSC Construction Supervision Consultant DAPCU District AIDS Prevention and Control Units DPR Detailed Project Report E&S Environment and Social EC Environmental Clearance EIA Environment Impact Assessment EMP Environment Management Plan EP Eligible Person GRC Grievance Redressal Committee GRM Grievance Redressal Mechanism HIV/AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome LA Land Acquisition M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MAW Minimum Agricultural Wages MEH Minimum Economic Holding MHIP Mizo Hmeichhe Insuihkhawn Pawl MGNREGA Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act MoEF Ministry of Environment and Forest MSACS Mizoram State AIDS Control Society MSRP Mizoram State Roads Project MzSRLM Mizoram State Rural Livelihood Mission NABARD National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development NE North East NERLP North East Rural Livelihood Program NGO Non-Government Organization NH National Highways NREGA National Rural Employment Guarantee Act NRLM National Rural Livelihood Mission NRRP National Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy NTHs Non-title holders PAF Project Affected Family PAH Project Affected Household PAP Project Affected Person PBG Project Beneficiary Group PD Project Director PDP Project Displaced Person PIU Project Implementation Unit PLHIV People Living with HIV

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PMRY Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Yojana PWD Public Works Department RAP & IPDP Resettlement and Indigenous Peoples Development Plan R&R Resettlement and Rehabilitation RAP & IPDP Resettlement Indigenous Peoples Development Plan ROW Right of Way RRM Resettlement and Rehabilitation Manager RSMP Road Sector Modernization Plan SCHM Suggestion and Complaint Handling Mechanism SDE Sub-Divisional Engineer SDS Social Development Specialist

SGSY Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana SHG Self Help Group SIA Social Impact Assessment SLAO Special Land Acquisition Officer SMF Social Management Framework SMSes Short Message Services ToR Terms of Reference TSU Technical Support Units U/s Under Section ULBs Urban Local Bodies VC Village Council VCP Village Council President WHH Women Headed Household YMA Young Mizo Association ZRM Zoram Upa Pawl

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Executive Summary

1. The Government of India has requested the World Bank to provide financing for about 450 km of roads that enhance connectivity in Mizoram. The Mizoram State Roads II Regional Connectivity Project therefore aims to enhance regional connectivity of India, Myanmar and Bangladesh with an up-gradation of road connectivity in Mizoram. The Project Development Objective is to improve intra-state connectivity for Mizoram residents and regional road connectivity for Mizoram and NE India to Bangladesh and Myanmar. The residents of the North East Region, Bangladesh and Myanmar and countries beyond should benefit from the increased regional connectivity which is expected to result in increased trade and economic development over the longer term.

2. The present report pertains to the Chhumkhum - Chawngte project road which is 41.53 km in length. It lies within the administrative boundaries of Lunglei district. The project road starts at Chhumkhum village (KM 0+000) and provides connectivity to the Lunglei – Tlabung- Kawrpuichhuah road that leads to connect to neighbouring Bangladesh. The entire section of the road lies in hilly and mountainous terrain and traverses through six villages namely, Chhumkhum, Rangte, Lalnutui, Chawngte-L, Rualalung and Luangrang. The road ends at the entry point of Chawngte (KM 41+530). The condition of road is very bad and approximately 80% bituminous surface has been damaged and become the earthen road with poor riding quality making travelling arduous and difficult.

3. Socio-economic profile of the project affected households has been worked out on the basis of Census & Socio-economic survey conducted for structures and other properties likely to be affected. The project shall affect 373 PAHs comprising 1735 PAPs. The average size of the household works out to be 4.6. The PAPs include 6.34% children, 46.11% males and 47.55% females. In terms of distribution of PAHs by Religion and Social Category, all the PAHs are Christians and are Scheduled Tribes.

4. In terms of education levels, those who have completed primary schooling and upper primary schooling comprise about 31.94%. 43.38% of the PAPs are educated up to Class XII. About 4.62% of the PAPs have obtained graduation and 1.35% possess post-graduation and above degrees.

5. Occupation of PAPs in the project area is varied. It includes primary and service sector activities. 67.62% of the PAPs are engaged in agriculture indicating high dependence on the activity. 16.90% are housewives, while 6.26% are in service and 2.4% of PAPs are in the teaching profession.

6. In respect of household income, respondents provided indicative household’s monthly income. For the purpose of analysis households were grouped into different income categories. 68.74% of PAHs lie in the income category of Rs. 3501/- to Rs. 10,000/-, followed by 11.69% of PAHs in the income category of Rs. 10001 to Rs. 20,000/- It is recorded that 9.07% of PAHs are having income in the range of Rs. 20,001/- to Rs. 40,000/- . Further an income of more than Rs. 40,000/- is earned by 1.67% PAHs.

7. Efforts have been made to minimize the adverse impacts on the structures along the existing road by avoidance of the existing road by proposing diversions/realignments away from settlements, particularly in light of heavy traffic envisaged once the road is upgraded. PWD has finalized these two diversions based on technical, financial considerations and in consultation with community ascertaining broad support. The proposed realignments are near to existing road and therefore would not deprive connectivity to the villages. Though the land acquisition for the proposed realignments would be slightly more when compared to upgrading of the existing road, it would result in lesser impacts on structures, PAPs and also address road safety concerns.

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8. The existing land width available with PWD varies from 5 - 8.5 meters. The width of road will be enhanced up to 18- 24 meters. The project shall require Land acquisition of 68.442 ha across the entire stretch.

9. The project shall impact 373 PAHs. Of these, 73.19% (273 PAHs) are land owners and remaining (100 PAHs) are Structure owners owing 104 structures.

10. The project would impact 26 community/common properties. It includes Churches, drinking water sources, public conveniences, community hall, schools, health facilities, waiting sheds, village council building, etc.

11. The cut-off date for land acquisition is 13th August 2013 i.e. date of issuance of Section 4(1) notification under LA Act, 1894. For other occupants without a valid pass/permit the start date of the Census and Socio-economic Survey i.e. November 23, 2013 is the cut-off date.

12. Public information and Free Prior Informed Consultations (FPIC) were held in all the six villages during the social screening and census and socio-economic survey stages which covered individual consultations and public meeting. Also the Special Committee constituted to determine rates of various assets held separate meetings with a wide range of stakeholders in each village. Participants included: potential project affected persons (PAPs), local community, representatives from the PWD i.e. Special Land Acquisition Officer (SLAO) and other relevant district officials. People were informed in advance, and allowed to participate in free and fair manner. This resulted in active participation by the people in making meaningful contribution during project preparation stage and in obtaining the broad community support.

13. During consultations brief description about the project, road development agency, involvement of the funding agency, likely adverse impacts and positive impacts, employment generation, entitlements applicable for different types of loses, etc. were discussed and opinion of people was solicited. Major concerns expressed by the communities include: a) In Luangrang village people opined that project road should not by-pass their village considering the probable economic impacts of diversion from their village; b) timely and adequate compensation should be paid as per discussions held; c) additional community infrastructural works should be provided under the project.

14. Communities perceived the positive impacts to be: more business and work opportunities during construction, better access to markets and other places, increase in land price. Negative impacts envisaged by the communities included: loss of land, structures and other common properties, likely increase in number of accidents due to increased vehicle speed Overall they were appreciative of the proposed project and conveyed their support. They also indicated their willingness to participate during implementation of the project.

15. A Social Management Framework had been prepared by the Public Works Department, Government of Mizoram that formed the basis for preparation of a combined Resettlement Action Plan and Indigenous People Development Plan (RAP & IPDP) in view of entire population of the state being designated as “Scheduled Tribes”, as per Schedule VI of the Constitution of India. The SMF includes resettlement and rehabilitation principles and approach to be followed in mitigating project induced adverse impacts, entitlement matrix, census and socio-economic survey, acquisition process through negotiated settlement, preparation of SIA and RAP & IPDP, strategies for mainstreaming gender, income and livelihood restoration, HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention, framework for Consultation and Participation, institutional arrangements at PIU, project levels and grievance redressal mechanism.

16. Institutional arrangements include Project Director, PWD, who will be overall responsible for the implementation of RAP & IPDP. He/she will have delegated administrative and financial powers for

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the implementation of the project including RAP & IPDP implementation. Specifically, Institutional arrangement shall include augmenting the capacity of PIU, PWD with regard to land acquisition, and implementation of RAP & IPDP and management of other social issues. The Project Director will be assisted by the SLAO, a Social Development Specialist and Resettlement and Rehabilitation Manager (RRM) at site and other support staff at PIU and RRM managers at project road level. For the implementation of RAP & IPDP, the PWD will engage the services of RAP & IPDP Implementation Agency (NGO) having experience in resettlement and rehabilitation issues. The RAP & IPDP implementation agency will work in close co-ordination with RRM at project road level and report to PIU. Broad roles and responsibilities of implementation agency are: to verify PAPs; undertake public information campaign; prepare and distribute identity cards to PAPs; assist PAPs in all matters related to compensation and R&R; organize consultations at regular interval; identify and organize training as per needs of PAPs for income generation and institutions for imparting training; submit monthly progress reports, etc. In addition, a Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC) shall have R&R expert as one of the team members to help monitor the implementation of RAP & IPDP. The CSC shall submit monthly monitoring report for one year and subsequently quarterly monitoring reports for the remaining period of the project to the PIU, PWD.

17. A Special Committee with broad representation of relevant departments, village councils and NGOs has already been constituted to determine the replacement value of lands, structures and other properties (trees, crops and other assets (tube well, hand pump, etc.).

18. The GRC will comprise Project Director, PWD; Additional Deputy Commissioner of concerned district; RRM, representatives of the concerned Village Council President or his/her authorised representative, PAPs and RAP & IPDP implementation agency and an opinion leader as co-opted member. Grievances of PAPs in writing will be brought to GRC for redressal by the RAP & IPDP implementation agency. The RAP & IPDP implementation agency will provide all necessary help to PAPs in presenting his/her case before the GRC. The GRC will respond to the grievance within 7 days. The GRC will meet once in 15 days but may meet more frequently, depending upon the number of such cases. Grievances brought to the GRC shall be redressed within a time period of one month (30 days) from the date of receipt of grievance. The decision of the GRC will not be binding on the PAPs i.e., shall not debar PAPs taking recourse to court of law.

19. Internal monitoring will be carried out by the PIU, PWD with assistance from NGO and RRM and a quarterly report will be submitted to the World Bank. The external agency (third party) will conduct assessment bi-annually for project road and would present detailed information on process and progress of RAP & IPDP implementation. It would highlight issues, if any that need attention of the PIU, PWD and suggest corrective measures for improving implementation. All quarterly Monitoring and Mid and End-term Evaluation reports shall be submitted to the World Bank for review.

20. Considering the long rainy season prevalent in the project area and whole state, approximately a period of 5-6 months (May - October) is not available for construction works, the RAP & IPDP Implementation period is proposed to be 24 months. However RAP & IPDP implementation needs to be scheduled in a manner so that initial activities such as verification, measurement etc. can be completed during the dry period. The other activities such as preparation of micro plan, approval, disbursement and other necessary documentation can be completed during the rainy season. The RAP & IPDP Implementation Agency would be mobilized three months prior to mobilization of the contractor at site so that civil works is not affected.

21. Information and education campaign on HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) will be conducted by the IA during the RAP & IPDP implementation period. The campaign will target the construction workers at labour camps, truckers at parking places, general people near

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markets/haats and other strategic locations along the road. The IA will develop network with Mizoram State Aids Control Society and other relevant agencies, particularly local NGOs working for the prevention of HIV/AIDS. Hand bills, brochures, leaflets meant to create awareness about HIV/AIDS and risk/danger involved shall be printed in local language and distributed to target groups. Posters, hoardings indicating prevention from HIV/AIDs shall be displayed at suitable locations for the benefit of general people. Approaches adopted to prevent spread of HIV in project area would include. Sensitization of Gate Keepers to get a buy-in and to mobilize their involvement; Interventions around existing health service structures

22. The project will provide income restoration opportunities by way of skill development training and linkage with the on-ongoing government schemes. Implementing Agency with support from PIU will assist PAPs in making a choice for feasible income generation activities. Market feasibility study and training need assessment shall be undertaken by the Implementing Agency to enable the PAPs to choose the most viable and promising income restoration programs. The Implementing Agency will play a proactive role to mobilize various government schemes in the concerned district for the benefit to PAPs, particularly BPL, WHH and other vulnerable groups through self-help groups (SHGs) and Common Interest Groups (CIGs) or individually. Some of the potential activities the mandate of the PWD department (executing the road project), the complexity of implementation of the options, and the sustained effort that that may be required to make it viable, include: a) Construction of market sheds along the new road at a convenient location for some villages to sell their green products (i.e. vegetable and fruits) etc.; b) Promotion of backyard poultry; c) Nursery for orange plantation; and d) Organizing capacity building of the community institutions to take up the proposed activities

23. The Executive Summary of the draft RAP & IPDP, along with the list of PAPs with the impacted assets shall be translated in local language - Mizo (Roman script for the Mizo language) and disclosed at concerned Village Council offices, PWD and District Administration offices. The Executive Summary of final RAP & IPDP and other project related documents/ relevant information shall be translated in Mizo language and made available at Project Authority’s state and project offices. The final documents in full will replace the draft documents in Project Authority’s website as well as at World Bank’s Infoshop. The list of eligible persons (PAPs) for disbursement of benefits shall be separately disclosed at concerned Village Council Offices/ Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) to ensure transparency.

24. During RAP & IPDP implementation all project affected women would be consulted on a bi-monthly basis by the women members of the RAP & IPDP IA. Compensation for land and assets lost being same for all the affected families, women headed households would be provided adequate attention and counseling by the IA during implementation. Women's participation would be initiated through Self-Help Group formation in each of the villages affected by the project. These groups would then be linked to special development schemes of the Government, like Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY). There will be involvement of local women also in the local labor force. Foreseeing the involvement of women both directly and indirectly in the construction activities, certain provisions such as Temporary Housing, Health facilities, Day Crèche Facilities, exemption from night shift in construction Works, Education Facilities would be made available for the welfare of women and children, in particular during the road construction work.

25. The estimated resettlement budget is about Rs. 46.93 Crores which covers compensation for land, structure, and other assets and resettlement and rehabilitation assistances, institutional cost, awareness program and training, etc.

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Resettlement Action Plan and Indigenous Peoples Development Plan for Chhumkhum – Chawngte Road

Chapter 1 – Project Identification

1.1 Introduction

The Mizoram State Roads II Regional Connectivity Project aims to increase intra-state connectivity for the residents of Mizoram. The Government of India has requested the World Bank to provide financing for about 450 km of roads that enhance connectivity in Mizoram. The Mizoram State Roads II Regional Connectivity Project therefore aims to enhance regional connectivity of India, Myanmar and Bangladesh with an up-gradation of road connectivity in Mizoram. The Project Development Objective is to improve intra-state connectivity for Mizoram residents and regional road connectivity for Mizoram and NE India to Bangladesh and Myanmar. The residents of the North East Region, Bangladesh and Myanmar and countries beyond should benefit from the increased regional connectivity which is expected to result in increased trade and economic development over the longer term. The project overall seeks to achieve the following key results:

Percent increase in roads with State or National Highway standards; Percent increase in roads with good condition; and Reduction in travel time on project corridors

Under the proposed project, seven roads shall be improved in a phased manner. The proposed project will assist the Public Works Department, Govt. of Mizoram to develop roads with a total length of 450 km in a phased manner. These roads traverse across four districts namely Lunglei, Champhai, Mamit and Lawngtlai in the state. Project road sections are grouped as hereunder:

Table 1.1 – Proposed Project Roads under MSRP II – Regional Transport Connectivity Project Group/Project 1 District(s) Length

i. Lunglei - Tlabung - Kawrpuichhuah Lunglei 87.9 km, (E-W road to Bangladesh border)

ii. Champhai – Zokhawthar Champhai 27.5 km, (E-W road to Myanmar border)

iii. Chhumkhum-Chawngte Lunglei 41.53 km, (part of original N-S road alignment)

Group/Project 2 i. Junction NH44A (Origination) – Chungtlang –

Darlung – Buarpui Mamit & Lunglei

83 km

ii. Buarpui – Thenlum – Zawlpui Lunglei 95 km iii. Chawngte including bridge to Bungtlang South up

to Multimodal Road junction Lawngtlai 76 km

iv. Zawlpui – Phairuangkai Lunglei 30 km

A combined Resettlement Action Plan and Indigenous People Development Plan (RAP & IPDP) in view of entire population of the state being designated as “Scheduled Tribes”, as per Schedule VI of the Constitution of India.

The present report pertains to the Chhumkhum-Chawngte road which is presently 47.43 km in length (KM 0+000 to KM 47+430). It lies in the administrative boundaries of Lunglei district. The project road starts at Chhumkhum village (KM 0+000) and provides connectivity to the Lunglei - Tlabung – Kawrpuichhuah road that leads to Bangladesh. The entire section of the road lies in the hilly and mountainous terrain and traverses through six villages namely, Chhumkhum, Rangte, Lalnutui, Chawngte-L, Rualalung and Luangrang. The area of the project road is hilly with a small strip of low lying riverine plain along the western side of the Chamdur Valley. Landslides are common especially during rainy season. The road alignment passes through frequently

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Resettlement Action Plan and Indigenous Peoples Development Plan for Chhumkhum – Chawngte Road cultivated jhum land, Forest plantation, Forest reserves, habitation etc. The road ends at the entry point of Chawngte (new chainage KM 41+430). The project road is classified as Other District Road (ODR).

1.2 Existing Road Conditions

The project road was constructed by PWD, Mizoram during initial insurgency period (late 1960s) in the state. The whole work was executed on urgent basis due to security reason. As such, sound engineering designs and practices could not be applied at the time of construction. As a result, the road has been characterized by the presence of undesirable gradients and sharp curves at many places. However, in spite of the poor condition of this road, it remains the most important lifeline for the people in the South western part of Mizoram. Pavement work of the road was taken up in 1991-92 and black topping was completed in the year 1994. Later on resurfacing of the project road was taken up under World Bank Aided, MSRP Phase -1, in 2006. Most of the retaining walls / wing walls have collapsed and the road formation width have also breached at many locations. Due to these shortcomings coupled with inability to provide adequate level of maintenance henceforth, a major portion of pavement got damaged extensively. As a result the road has many pot holes and bad patches. At present, it is very hard for vehicles to ply, affecting transport of food and essential commodities. It is therefore proposed to take up strengthening and improvement of the road eliminating all the aforesaid deficiencies for better connectivity of the area. The improvement and up gradation of the road would also enhance riding quality with faster movement of the vehicles.

Photo 1.1 – Road condition at Lungraung (L) and Chhumkhum (R)

The project road is not located in a legally defined eco-sensitive area and there is no wildlife sanctuary and national park within 10 km from the project road. It does not require clearance from Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF), Government of India as the road is classified as Other District Road (ODR) which does not fall under the purview of the MoEF notification. However, the project requires clearances from the Government of Mizoram (GoM) and World Bank before commencement of construction work.

1.3 Salient Features of the Project Road

Existing road (from KM 0+000 to KM 40+000 and again from KM 45+000 to KM 47+430) passes through mountainous terrain having a ground slope of 20% to 30 % throughout. Another stretch of the existing road (from KM 40+000 to KM 45+000) passes through steep terrain exceeding 30% of ground slope. Proposed upgrading of Chhumkhum to Chawngte road includes widening to 2-lanes, strengthening, realignment, geometric improvement, retaining walls and culverts. In order to improve the gradient of this road, some


Resettlement Action Plan and Indigenous Peoples Development Plan for Chhumkhum – Chawngte Road stretches of the road will be realigned whereas some existing stretches are being improved to conform to National Highway specification with respect gradient, curves, super elevations etc. The project road is shown in Fig. 1.1 & 1.2.

Figure 1.1 – Project roads in the state of Mizoram



Figure 1.2 - Project Road from Chhumkhhum to Changwte in Lunglei District



Chapter 2 – Objectives and Study Methodology

2.1 Objectives

The objective of the study was to assess the adverse impacts of the project road on property and livelihood of people and to prepare a Resettlement and Indigenous Peoples Development plan to assist the PAPs in getting their entitlements – compensation and applicable R&R assistances in line with the agreed Social Management Framework that would enable them to improve or at least restore their living standards and income earning capacity. Specific objectives of the study are as under:

• Collect details for assessing extent of loss of properties (land, structure and others) of individual as well as that of community and loss of livelihood;

• Based on the collected data, segregate properties and assets likely to be affected by type of ownership and construction, etc.;

• Carry out Free Prior Informed Consultations in a culturally appropriate manner • Establish a baseline profile of affected population, sources of income, access to social services and

facilities, etc.

Various activities that were carried out as part of the study are summarized as under. 2.2 Collection of Right of Way (ROW) Data

As there is no concept of Right of Way in the state and therefore no extra land is in possession of PWD, the existing formation width is considered as the Right of Way. It therefore requires additional land across the entire stretch for widening purposes. The formation width varies between a minimum of 18 meters to a maximum of 24 meters. 2.3 Identification of affected land plots

Land plots affected as per the design were identified by the SLAO, PWD. Based on this identification, details related to the land such as ownership, assets on land were collected. 2.4 Census and Socio Economic Survey

Based on the information provided by the SLAO from the above mentioned exercise and in order to generate baseline on socio-economic conditions of PAPs and assess extent of impacts a Census and socio-economic survey was conducted covering owners and tenants using an appropriately devised questionnaire. The baseline data would be used for monitoring the status of project affected persons during and after the implementation of project. The socio-economic questionnaire covered data generation on demography, education, occupation, sources of income, land holding, ownership of dwelling and other properties, consumer durables and consumer assets owned by the households, livestock holding, availability of basic facilities (drinking water, toilet, bath room, electricity, etc.) and their views on the project and option for resettlement and rehabilitation.

The centre line was marked on the ground by the Design Consultant team. The survey team followed the centre line marking along with boundaries marked on both sides. It was carried out by a team of surveyors recruited locally under the overall supervision of an R&R expert. They carried out the survey amongst all PAHs and business units within the proposed ROW. The questionnaire was administered to Head of the Household and in his/her absence to an adult member of the household for response.

Structures and other properties likely to be affected within the proposed ROW, i.e. maximum of 15 meters from the centerline on the hill side and 9 m on valley side were identified. Dimension of structures likely to be affected were recorded. Simultaneously, names of owners and/or occupants of structures with or without valid


Resettlement Action Plan and Indigenous Peoples Development Plan for Chhumkhum – Chawngte Road patta/permits, tenants associated with the likely affected structures and properties were also noted. The data was recorded in a format and used to assess the project impacts. 2.5 Stakeholder Consultations

Consultations were held during screening as well as during survey stages. It was followed by Free Prior and Informed Consultations at all villages with potential Project Affected Persons (PAPs), Village Council President and other stakeholders, by the PIU staff including Project Director, Special Land Acquisition Officer (SLAO) and Social and Environment Consultant. The purpose of these consultations was to inform people about the proposed project and its features and also to understand and know their issues, concerns and perceptions. Further information on entitlements applicable for different categories of impacts were conveyed. In order to ensure significant participation village councils were informed in advance specifying date, venue and time. Design alignments including the reasons behind proposed diversions were informed and explained. Expected benefits and likely anticipated adverse impacts were conveyed. Details on the existing livelihood opportunities, occupations currently pursued, on-going development activities, programs operated by NGOs in the area, were collected. Concerns, anxieties, fears and suggestions, if any were elicited and recorded. Overall Community support to the project was ascertained.

Besides, as part of project preparation, a State level workshop was held on November 18th, 2013 to inform and seek suggestions and observations from a wide range of stakeholders on the Draft Social management Framework. Details of the stakeholder consultations are presented in Chapter 8.



Chapter 3 – Socio-Economic Profile

3.1 Introduction

The following sections provide briefly the socio-economic profile of Mizoram state, Project Influence Area (PIA) and Direct Impact Zone (DIZ). The project influence area has been considered as the administrative boundaries of the district i.e. Lunglei District whereas Direct Impact Zone are the urban areas and villages through which the project road traverses and upgrading of project road is likely to affect land, structure and other properties.

3.2 Overview of Mizoram

Mizoram with a geographical area of 21,081 sq kms is located in the north-eastern part of the country between 22o 19’ to 24o 19’ North latitudes and 92o 16’ to 93o 26’ East longitudes. It is a landlocked state surrounded by Myanmar in the east, Manipur and Assam in the north, Tripura and Bangladesh in the west and again Myanmar in the south. It has a total of 722 km boundary with Myanmar and Bangladesh. Geographically, it is 277 kms from north to south, and 121 kms from east to west. Mizoram is divided into 8 districts that are headed by a Deputy Commissioner. The capital of Mizoram is Aizawl.

The location of Mizoram along with mountainous terrain has a pleasant climate. It is generally cool in summer and not very cold in winter. During winter, the temperature varies from 11o C to 21o C and in the summer it varies between 20o C to 29o C. The entire area is under the direct influence of the monsoon. It rains heavily from May to September and the average rainfall in Aizawl is 208 cm. Mizoram has great natural beauty and endless variety of landscape and is very rich in flora and fauna. The State is also known as the "Land of Blue Mountains". Almost all kinds of tropical trees and plants thrive in Mizoram.

Mizoram is the cradle of diverse communities like the Lusei, Ralte, Paite, Bete, Powi, Lakher, Hmar, Riang, Tlanglau, Pangs, Bawm, Bru, Chakma and others. They are mostly of Mongoloid race. The entire population is designated as “Scheduled Tribes”, as per Schedule VI of the Constitution. The Mizos are a close-knit society with no class distinction and no discrimination on grounds of sex. A very large majority of them are cultivators and the village exists like a big family. Christianity is predominant religion of the state. Inhabitants of other religions include Buddhists, Hindus, Muslims and others.

Mizos practice what is known as ‘Jhum Cultivation’. They slash down the jungle, burn the trunks and leaves and cultivate the land. All their other activities revolve around the jhum operations and their festivals are all connected with such agriculture operations. Mizo society is a patriarchal society and the male head of the


Resettlement Action Plan and Indigenous Peoples Development Plan for Chhumkhum – Chawngte Road family control the social economic and religious affairs. However, women in social life enjoy freedom and are engaged in various economic activities.

As per Census 2011, it has a population of 10, 97,206 comprising 50.61% male and 49.39% female populations. The sex ratio stands at 976 indicating substantial difference between male-female populations. The decadal growth of population during 2001-2011 was 23.48%. The population in the age group of 0-6 years constitutes 15.36% of the total population. The Scheduled Caste population comprises 0.11%, whereas tribal population constitutes 94.43% of the total population. The population density is 52 persons/ sq. km as compared to 382 persons/ sq. km at national level (Census 2011). The literacy rate at 91.33% is one of the highest in the country. In Census 2011, gender wise literacy rates were 47.22% (male) and 44.11% (female), implying a difference of 3.11%. Workers constitute 44.36% of the total population. Of the total workers, main workers and marginal workers comprise 85.27% and 14.73% respectively. Among main workers, those engaged in agricultural activities comprise 55.18%. Non-workers constitute 55.64% of the total population indicating high dependency ratio. Urban population of Mizoram is more than 50% and a large majority of urban population are residing in Aizawl. An overview of the State is presented below in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1 – An Overview of Mizoram

Indicators Mizoram Area (sq. km.) 21,081 Households 2,22,853 Population 10,97,206 Male % 50.61 Female % 49.39 Sex Ratio 976 Density per sq.km 52 Decadal Growth rate 23.48 Literacy Rate %

Overall 91.33 Male 47.22

Female 44.11 Child Population 0-6 years (%) 15.36 SC % 0.11 ST % 94.43 Workers (% of total population) 44.36 Male workers (% of total workers) 59.74 Female workers (% of total workers) 40.26 Main workers 85.27

Cultivators 48.80 Agriculture 6.38 Household 1.32

Others 43.51 Marginal workers 14.73 Non-workers 55.64

Source: Primary Census Abstract, Mizoram, Census of India 2011

Mizoram is one of the fastest growing economies among the states of India with an estimated per capita income of Rs 54,689 during 2011-12, while the national per capita income during the same period was estimated at Rs 61,564. The HDI score of Mizoram for 2004-05 stands at 0.584 which is highest amongst the 8 north eastern states and ranks No. 1. Mizoram had the second highest GSDP growth during the 11th Five Year Plan (2007-2012) in Northeast India at 11% exceeding the target of 7.8% which is also much higher than the national average of 7.9%. During the 10th Five Year Plan (2002-2007), the Gross State Domestic Product


Resettlement Action Plan and Indigenous Peoples Development Plan for Chhumkhum – Chawngte Road (GSDP) grew at 5.7 per cent. The service sector remained the dominating sector in the state's economy by contributing 58% to 60% during the last 5-7 years, while industry and agriculture sector contributed 20 to 22% and 18 to 20% respectively during the same period even as around 60 to 70% of the population depended on agriculture and allied sectors. Mizoram's economy grew by 10.37% in real terms in 2012-13 over the previous year against the national growth rate of 5%. The age-old practice of Jhum cultivation is carried out annually by a large number of people living in rural areas. As per Economic Survey, 32% of the cultivated area in the state is under Jhum cultivation. A New Land Use Policy was formulated the state government to dissuade or to help farmers move away from practicing Jhum cultivation. NLUP focuses on land reclamation, promotion of agri-horticultural and plantation crops, animal husbandry, fishery and micro-enterprises for income and employment generation in urban and rural areas. It will give focussed attention to preserve and regenerate natural resources particularly forests and bio-diversity. The specific poverty line for 2011-12 indicate that the monthly per capita for rural and urban areas in the state is Rs. 1066/- and 1155/- respectively. 20.40% of the total population is below poverty line as per Tendulkar methodology1. The poverty ratios are substantially lower than India as a whole (37.2%). Mizoram, as a whole, is economically backward. Lack of infrastructure facilities (good road network) and poor accessibility have constrained the growth and diversification of economy in the state. The road network of Mizoram comprises primary and secondary roads having a total length of 6840 kms. The road density of 33.44 kms2 / 100 sq. kms is below India’s national average of 48.80 kms3 /100 sq. kms. Other problems faced by the state were the poor mineral resources, non-availability of good infrastructure and communication facilities, shortage of capital and lack of modern skills. The mountainous terrain has more or less isolated the state from the rest of the country and also inhibited improved communications within the state. The economy is agro-based and items produced in the households are primarily of low value and caters to the local needs.

3.3 Project Influence Area (PIA)

The project influence area is Lunglei district which is one of the 8 districts in the state. The district lies in the centre of the State. The district is bounded on the north by Mamit and Aizawl districts, on the west by Bangladesh, on the south by Lawngtlai district, on the southeast by Saiha district, on the east by Myanmar and on the northeast by Serchhip District. The district of Lunglei is situated at a distance of 235 km from Aizwal – the capital of Mizoram and is easily accessible by well-maintained roads. The district occupies an area of 4536 km². Lunglei town is the administrative headquarters of the district. The district has a pleasant climate. It is generally cool in summer and not very cold in winter. In winter the temperatures vary from 8° C to 28° C and in summer, it is between 18 and 32 degree Celsius. Relative humidity is Moderate and during the south-west monsoon and heavy precipitation is usually received during the months from May up to September every year. The average annual rainfall is about 2558mm. The hottest period starts from the month of March up to August every year. During the rainy season, it is usually heavily clouded. A clear and cool weather starts appearing from the month of September up to January the next year. Based on the variation in temperature, rainfall, humidity and other general weather conditions four different types of seasons are observed here. They are:

1Press Note on Poverty by Planning Commission, Government of India, July 2013, , 2 Source: Statistical Handbook, Mizoram, 2010 3 Road Development Policy, Public Works Department, Government of Mizoram, 2007



i. The cold and winter season (Thlasik): Winter season starts from the month of December to first half of February.

ii. Spring season (Thal): Spring is the shortest season of the year. It starts from the second half of the February to the first half of March.

iii. Summer season/ Rainy season (Nipui/Fur): It is the longest season and starts from mid-March till the first half of October. Heavy precipitation generally starts from mid-May and it continues up to mid-October. These five months contribute about 3/4th of the total annual rainfall. Hence it limits the working season.

iv. Autumn season (Favang): It starts from second part of October to November. This season is very pleasant as both the temperature and rain comes down and it is the season of harvesting major crops like paddy.

The main communities inhabiting Lunglei District are the Mizos and Chakmas. In the eastern side of the district, Lai communities are the main inhabitants. Lunglei district has a population of 1,61,428 (2011 Census) which is 14.71% of total Mizoram population. The population density per sq. km is 34 according to the Census of India, 2011. Table 3.2 presents details on the project district.

Table 3.2 – Description of the Project District Indicators Lunglei

Area (sq. km.) 4,536 Households 33,058 Population 1,61,428 Male % 51.35 Female % 48.65 Sex Ratio 947 Density per sq.km 34 Decadal Growth rate 17.64 Literacy Rate %

Overall 88.86 Male 92.04

Female 85.49 Child Population 0-6 years 15.55 SC % 0.11 ST % 95.10 Workers (% of total population) 48.49 Male workers (% of total workers) 59.04 Female workers (% of total workers) 40.96 Main workers 79.20

Cultivators 44.40 Agriculture 13.63 Household 0.72

Others 25.61 Marginal workers 20.79 Non-workers 50.50

Source: Census of India, 2011 & Statistical Hand Book, Mizoram, 2012 Of the total population of Lunglei, male and female were 82,891 and 78,537 respectively. There was change of 16.45% in the population compared to population as per 2001. The Sex Ratio in Lunglei stood at 947 per 1000 male compared to 2001 census figure of 944. The average national sex ratio in India is 943 as per Census 2011.


Resettlement Action Plan and Indigenous Peoples Development Plan for Chhumkhum – Chawngte Road Overall literacy rate of Lunglei District in 2011 was 88.86% compared to 91.15% in 2001. Male and female literacy rates are 92.04% and 85.49% respectively. Total literate persons in Lunglei District were 1,21,122 of which 64,515 were male and 56,607 were females.

Lunglei has 9.97% of the forest land within its total area. Most of the indigenous local inhabitants of the district of Lunglei depend on agriculture and earn their livelihood from growing crops. The cash crops of coffee and rubber help the district to earn its revenue. The farmers of the district mostly practice the traditional method of shifting cultivation, which is popularly referred to as jhum. Rice is the principal crop in the agricultural economy. Cottage industries produce hand loomed cloth, furniture, agricultural equipment, woven textiles, and bamboo and cane work. Lunglei is also the Church Headquarters of Baptist Church of Mizoram.Most of the agricultural activities take place during the monsoon season. During the winter season, there is no water supply for irrigation, except in the few locations, where water is pumped from the river and used to irrigate two cycles of rice crops. Rice is grown in the valleys and in the cultivated plots on the mountain sides. Crops are grown mostly rain fed depending upon the monsoon rainfall. It include: Cereals (upland Rice and Maize), Pulses (Rice bean, French Bean, Black Gram), Oilseed (Soya bean, Mustard, Sesame), Spices (Turmeric, Ginger, Chilies), Cotton, Sugarcane, different varieties of Squash grown on trellises on the mountain sides, leafy vegetables (Mustard, Cabbage, Cauliflower), Root vegetables (Potatoes, Carrots, Reddish), etc.

3.4 Socio-Economic Profile of Direct Impact Zone (DIZ)

The project road passes through six villages namely, Chhumkhum. Rangte, Lalnutui, Chawngte-L, Rualalung and Luangrung. However, Chawngte has become the headquarters of Chakma Autonomous District Council. As such census data of Chawngte and the other 5 habitations are included in this road stretches. Table 3.3 provides profile of Direct Impact Zone as per Census 2011.

Table 3.3 – Overview of Direct Impact Zone

Indicators Villages Population 2,381 Male (%) 51.03 Female (%) 48.97 Sex Ratio (females per 1000 males) 980 Child Sex Ratio 981 Literacy Rate (excluding age group of 0-6) 97 Overall literacy (%) 93 Male literacy (%) 95.1 Female literacy (%) 92.75 SC population (%) 00 ST Population (%) 100 Workers (%) 37.26 Male workers (%) 49.68 Female workers (%) 26.23 Main workers (%) 81.25 Workers engaged in cultivation & agriculture to total workers (%) 60.45 Workers engaged in HH work to total workers (%) 9.24 Workers engaged other work to total workers (%) 28 Marginal workers (%) 9.11 Workers engaged other work to total workers (%) 51.85

Source: Census of India, 2011 As per Census 2011, the total population of the affected villages is 2381. Composition of male and female populations in both rural and urban is almost same. Female constitutes slightly more than male population. The sex ratio (980) is equal in both rural area and urban areas. Child sex ratio however, is substantially high


Resettlement Action Plan and Indigenous Peoples Development Plan for Chhumkhum – Chawngte Road (981) as compared to rural areas. ST population constitutes 100% of the total population in the corresponding areas. Literacy is an important indicator of measurement of development. Understanding of literacy level of likely project affected persons is important from rehabilitation point of view. People likely to be affected are mostly native of these villages and therefore socio-economic conditions of villagers are reflection of likely project affected persons. Table 3.3 above indicates that overall literacy rate (excluding the population of 0-6 years) is 93% in rural areas. Female literacy is very close to male literacy rate. The difference in male and female literacy rates in the areas is 2.35%. Percentage of workers engaged in different activities indicates the nature of employment available in the area. As per Census 2011, 49.68% are male and 26.23% are female workers. Main workers constitute 81.25%. Workers engaged in cultivation & agriculture to total workers 60.45%; Workers engaged in HH work to total workers 9.24%, Workers engaged other work to total workers is 28% and Marginal workers is 9.11%



Chapter 4 – Proposed Improvements

4.1 Salient Features of the Project

Salient design features of the project are as below:

Length Project Road 41.53 km ROW 24 m. (15 meter on hill side and 9 meter on valley depending on site condition)

Formation Width

12 m.

carriagewaypavement

and shoulders

Highway designed for 2-lane carriageway of 7.0 width. Flexible pavement Earthen shoulders of 2.50 m are provided on both sides.

Standards All structures are matching to two lane NH roadway standard. Route

Alignment: While the start point of the existing Chhumkhum - Changwte road is at KM 43+800 of Lunglei-Tlabung Road, the new start point is now at KM 42+500

Photo 4.1 – Start point of existing road (L) and notice board listing villages en-route (R)

Drains Drains: Lined Drain. Junctions 8 Nos. Major Junction; 16 - Minor Junction = 24 junctions

Other items Items for Road Safety and Road Furniture provided.

Details on key features are given below: Alignment & Road Design: The general alignment of the road under this project is as: Chhumkhum – Chawngte Road from Km 0 +000 to 47+430 Km as per existing chainage

o Existing alignment : 35.410 KM o Re-alignment : 6.120 KM o Total length of proposed road : 41.530 KM o Road is designed for 2-Lane (12.00 m roadway with 7.00 m carriageway). o Proposed Diversions/Realignments have been included at the following locations:



Location Chainage (KM) Length (KM) Chhumkhum 0+300 to 0+600 0.300 Luangrang 23.810 to 25.420 1.610

Road Sign, Markings and Furniture: The project design includes (a) Mandatory / Regulatory Signs, (b) Cautionary / Warning Signs and (c) Information Signs. Route Marker Signs are provided. KM Stones are included as per type design.

Street Furniture: Traffic Safety Posts and Parapet Walls are included; Roadside Railing form integral part of bridges; Traffic Signs marking & other Road Appurtenances are provided. Diversion of existing road during construction: For improvement of existing road in some stretches, relocation and re-grading are proposed due to which traffic movement on existing road would be disturbed. Temporary diversion will be included in the design as to minimizing the structure damage, reducing cost of resettlement and easy and faster movement of vehicles.

Temporary diversions during construction are proposed at Design locations: Design Chainages (KM)-

• 33+150 to 33+440, • 34+170 to 35+500, • 39+330 to 39+466

Road Junctions: Provisions have been made for the improvement of road junctions along the project road. Based on the survey there are 24 junctions/ intersections as mentioned below:

Junction Design

Junction at Ch. 0/0 Junction with Lunglei to Tlabung road at take off

Junction at Ch. 0/300 Junction diversion of New Alignment and existing road will serve as Approach road to Chhumkhum Village link road

Junction at Ch. 0/600 Merging with existing road will serve as Approach road. To Chhumkhum Village link road

Junction at Ch. 23/810 Junction diversion of New Alignment and existing road will serve as Approach road to Lungrang Village link road

Junction at Ch. 25/420 Merging with existing road will serve as Approach road. To Lungrang Village link road

Junction at Ch. 36/100 Junction diversion of New Alignment and existing road will serve as Approach road to Chawngte village link road

Junction at Ch. 40/310 Merging with existing road will serve as Approach road. To Chawngte village link road

NA Other link road need to be improved by proper grading, widening & black topping.


Resettlement Action Plan and Indigenous Peoples Development Plan for Chhumkhum – Chawngte Road Other junctions wherein improvements are proposed:

Sr.No. Chainage Side Remarks Notes 1 0 Start point at km 42.50 Lunglei to Tlabung road Black top road

2 300 LHS Diversion Start Chhumkhum village – Y Junction Black top road

3 600 RHS Diversion End Chhumkhum village – Y Junction Black top road 4 4350 RHS Link Road - Y Junction Earthen Road 5 23810 LHS Diversion Start Lungrang village 6 25420 LHS Diversion End Lungrang village 7 27800 RHS Link Road - Y Junction Earthen Road 8 30060 RHS Link Road - Y Junction Earthen Road

9 30100 RHS Link Road - Y Junction Earthen Road

10 30460 LHS Link Road - Y Junction Earthen Road 11 32220 LHS Link Road - Y Junction Earthen Road 12 32670 RHS Link Road - Y Junction Earthen Road 13 32950 RHS Link Road - Y Junction Earthen Road 14 33020 RHS Link Road - Y Junction Earthen Road 15 36100 LHS Diversion Start – Y Junction 16 40310 RHS Diversion End Chawngte village - Y Junction



Chapter 5 – Minimizing Adverse Impacts

5.1 Design Considerations

It is proposed to develop the roads to 2-lane National Highways standard (roadway width of 12m – comprising 2-lane carriageway width (7m) and shoulders of 2.5m on either side of the carriageway). Upgrading of project roads will be undertaken mostly on hill side (approximately 15 mtrs from the centerline on the hill side and 9 mtrs on valley side). Diversions/Realignments are proposed to avoid adverse impacts in view of linear settlements along the road and also to address road safety concerns.

5.2 Analysis of Alternatives

Two realignments are proposed under the project road. PWD has finalized these proposed realignments based on technical, financial considerations and in consultation with people ascertaining broad community support. The proposed realignments are near to existing road and therefore would not deprive villagers from accessing the road. Though the land acquisition for the proposed realignment would be slightly more than upgrading the existing road, it would result in lesser impacts on structures, PAPs and also address road safety concerns. Hence the villages would be benefitted with the proposed realignment. It also passes through an area with a much better topographical as well as soil conditions. Details of each re-alignment are given below:

Diversion/Realignment 1: The initial stretch of the Chhumkhum to Chawngte road passes through congested built-up areas of Chhumkhum village. The overall existing alignment passes through steep terrain which are unstable and landslide prone at many locations that could pose serious problems. Due to these reasons, it was felt absolutely necessary to realign the existing initial stretch of the Chhumkhum to Chawngte road between chainage KM 0+000 to 0.600. For improvement of existing road in some stretches re-grading is proposed.



Based on the comparison, Option 2 i.e. proposed diversion/realignment has been finalized.

Diversion/Realignment 2: The realignment has been proposed for Lungrang village 23.800 to 25.450 to avoid structure damage in a large scale.

Table 5.2 – Analysis of Alternatives for Diversion/Realignment. Lungrang Sr.No Indicators Unit Option 1

(Upgrading of Existing Alignment)

Option 2 (Proposed Alignment)

Remarks

1 Length Meters 28+160 to 29+890 (1730) 23+810 to 25+420 (1610)

2 Proposed Row/Additional land

width required

Meters 18 / 12 24/24

3 land area In square meter

20760

38640

4 Approximate cost of land to be acquired

Rupees in million

1.42 2.64

5 PAHs affected Number 89 31 6 Structures likely to be

affected Number 180 08

7 CPRs likely to be affected

Number Nil Nil

8 Approximate Number of trees likely to be

affected

Number 18803 24030

9 Cost of Resettlement and rehabilitation

Rupees in million

14.47 4.14

10 Volume of excavated material/debri

In cubic meter

Cut 109820 / Fill 10225 Cut 117120 / Fill 7125

Table 5.1 – Analysis of Alternatives for Diversion/Realignment Chhumkhum Sr. No

Indicators Unit Option 1 (Upgrading of

Existing Alignment)

Option 2 (Proposed Diversion/

Re-alignment)

Remarks

1 Length Meters 0 to 560 300 to 600 2 Proposed ROW/Additional

land width required Meters 20 / 14 24 / 24

3 Land area In square

meter 7840 7200

4 Approximate cost of land to be

acquired Rupees in

million 0.53

0.49

5 PAHs affected Number 02

00

6 Structures likely to be affected Number 01

0

7 CPRs likely to be affected Number 01 01 8 Number of trees likely to be

affected Number 202

700

9 Cost of Resettlement and

rehabilitation Rupees 131500 0

10 Volume of excavated

material/debri In cubic meter

Cut 45656/ Fill 2354 Cut 20433.43 / Fill 1980.26

11 Forest land affected Hectare Nil Nil 12 Civil construction cost Rupees in

million 39.2 28.3

Source: DPR Consultant and Social Survey, 2013



Table 5.2 – Analysis of Alternatives for Diversion/Realignment. Lungrang Sr.No Indicators Unit Option 1

(U di f E i ti

Option 2 (Proposed Ali t)

Remarks 11 Forest land affected Hectare Nil Nil 12 Civil construction cost Rupees in

million 122.8 114.3

Source: DPR Consultant and Social Survey, 2013

Based on the comparison, Option 2 i.e. proposed diversion/realignment has been finalized.



Chapter 6 – Socio-Economic Profile of the Project Affected Households A Census and Socio-Economic survey was carried out to collect baseline information of the Project Affected Households. The purpose was to understand social and economic conditions of project affected households and the likely impacts households would experience due to proposed upgrading. Data collected included information with respect to religion, social category, social group, land and structures, present usage of structures, education, occupation, sources of income, ownership of fixed assets and consumer items, awareness about the projects, choice with regard to compensation and resettlement and rehabilitation, etc. The baseline information generated through household socio-economic survey would be used by the monitoring and evaluation for evaluating the resettlement plan objectives. The socio-economic condition is discussed in the following sections to establish the profile of the project affected persons. 6.1 Social Profile

The project shall affect 373 PAHs comprising 1735 PAPs. Socioeconomic details of these households are given below:

The affected 1735 PAPs include 6.34% children, 46.11% males and 47.55% females. Nearly three-fourths (74%) of PAPs are those losing land. Distribution of PAPs by type of ownership of land and structures is presented in Table 6.1

Table 6.1 – Distribution of PAPs

PAPs Land Structure Total No. % No. % No. %

Male 593 46.2 207 45.9 800 46.11 Female 609 47.4 216 47.9 825 47.55 Children < 6 years 82 6.4 28 6.2 110 6.34

Total 1284 100.0 451 100.0 1735 100.00 % 74% 26%

Source: Socio-economic survey, STUP Consultants, 2013 The maximum number of PAPs is likely to be affected by the project road in the Rangte village. Village wise distribution of PAPs is presented in Table 6.2 below

Table 6.2- Distribution of Project Affected Persons by village Village Land and structures

Children < 6 years Male Female Total Chhumkhum 0 8 4 12

Rangte 51 226 224 501 Lalnutui 11 112 114 237

Chawngte-L 27 131 168 326 Rualalung 10 152 151 313 Lungrang 11 171 164 346

Total 110 800 825 1735 % 6.34 46.11 47.55 100.00

Source: Socio-economic survey, STUP Consultants, 2013 Distribution of households based on the size of the households is presented in Table 6.3. As such four categories have been made for purpose of analysis. It is observed that 50.94% of the household comprise up to 4 members, 35.66% families are having 4-6 members, 12.33% families have 7-10 members and the families are having more than 10 persons are 1.07%. The average size of the household works out to be 4.6



Table 6.3 – Distribution of PAHs by household size

Household members Households surveyed No. %

Up to 4 190 50.94 5 to 6 133 35.66

7 to 10 46 12.33 > 10 4 1.07 Total 373 100

Source: Socio-economic survey, STUP Consultants, 2013 In terms of distribution of PAHs by Religion and Social Category, all the PAH are Christians and are Scheduled Tribes.

In terms of education levels, those who have completed primary schooling and upper primary schooling comprise about 31.94%. 43.38% of the PAPs are educated up to Class XII. 4.62% of the PAPs have obtained graduation and 1.35% have obtained post-graduation and above degrees. As recorded in Table 6.4, that there is only a marginal difference in the education levels between males and females.

Table 6.4 - Distribution of PAPs by education level

Educational level PAPs (excluding children < 6 years) F M Total %

< Class I 0 0 0 0.00 I to III 146 95 241 14.83

IV to VII 267 252 519 31.94 VIII to XII 338 367 705 43.38 Graduate 25 50 75 4.62

PG and above 11 11 22 1.35 Professional degree (Engineer, Doctor, Law, Computer, etc) 1 2 3 0.18

No information 37 23 60 3.69 Total 825 800 1625 100.00

In terms of age-wise distribution 69.4 % of PAPs are in the working age group as per Census. The person in the age group of up to 15 years is 23.2% who are primarily students. See Table 6.5 for breakup.

Table 6.5 – Distribution of PAPs by age

Age group PAPs excluding children (< 6 Years) Female Male Total %

Up to 15 202 175 377 23.2 15 to 59 574 553 1127 69.4

Above 59 36 72 108 6.6 No information 13 0 13 0.8

Total 825 800 1625 100

In terms of marital status, 51.45% are un-married/single. Married persons constitute 43.14% and the other categories such as Divorced, Widow and Widower constitute less than 5% (Table 6.6).



Table 6.6 – Distribution of PAPs by Marital status

Marital status PAPs excluding children (< 6 Years) No. %

Divorced 1 0.06 Married 701 43.14 Single 836 51.45 Widow 32 1.97

Widower 15 0.92 No information 40 2.46

Total 1625 100

Vulnerability status of PAPs was recorded during survey. It comprises of categories as defined in the Social Management Framework (see Chapter 9 on Resettlement Policy Framework). 45.04% (168) of the 373 PAHs are recorded as vulnerable. Below Poverty Line (BPL) households constitute 70.23% of the total vulnerable PAHs. The breakup is given in Table 6.7

Table 6.7 – Number of Vulnerable PAHs Vulnerability No.

BPL 118 Head of Household (> 60 Yrs) 29 Women Headed Households 21

Total 168 (45.04% of 373 PAHs)

6.2 Economic Profile

Of 1735 PAPs, 911 PAPs are occupied in varied economic activities which include primary and service sector activities. 67.62% of the PAPs are engaged in agriculture indicating the high dependence on the activity. 16.90% are housewife, 6.26% are in service while 2.4% are in the teaching profession. Details of occupational engagement is given in Table 6.8.

Table 6.8 – Distribution of PAPs by occupation

Occupation PAPs No. %

Agriculture 616 67.62 Business 5 0.55 Carpenter 3 0.33

Barber 2 0.22 Blacksmith 1 0.11

Driver 21 2.31 Housewife 154 16.90

Nurse 1 0.11 Shopkeeper 2 0.22

Plumber 18 1.98 Health worker 1 0.11

Service 57 6.26 Teacher 22 2.41

Mechanic 1 0.11 Tailor 6 0.66 Labor 1 0.11 Total 911 100.00


Resettlement Action Plan and Indigenous Peoples Development Plan for Chhumkhum – Chawngte Road In respect of household income, respondents provided indicative household’s monthly income. For the purpose of analysis households were grouped into different income categories. 9.92% of the PAHs have reported income below Rs. 3500/- 64.88% of PAHs lie in the income category of Rs. 3501/- to Rs. 10,000/-, followed by 13.14% of PAHs in the income category of Rs. 10001 to Rs. 20,000/-. It is recorded that 10.19% of PAHs are in the income range of Rs. 20,001/- to Rs. 40,000/- . Further an income of more than Rs. 40000/- is earned by 1.67% of PAHs.

Table 6.9 – Monthly Household Income of PAHs by income range Monthly Income of HH (Rs.) No. %

Up to 3500 37 9.92 3501 to 10000 242 64.88

10001 to 20000 49 13.14 20001 to 40000 38 10.19

> 40000 7 1.88 Total 373 100

Six PAHs reported that they had availed loans from Banks. The loan amount ranges from 1.0 to 10 lakhs. Most PAHs reported that they are not habituated to take loan as there is hardly any scope for organizing any kind of production and marketing. The poor road condition is one of the major factors. 109 PAHs reported having bank accounts (See Tables 6.10 and 6.11 in Annexure 6). Under the New Land use Policy (NLUP), 69 households have received amounts that vary from Rs. 7000/- to 1.00 lakh for various activities such as Carpentry, Fishery, Grape Plantation, Piggery, Petty Trade, Wet Rice Cultivation (WRC), etc. in addition to training (See Tables 6.12 and 6.13 in Annexure 6). 69 PAHs own livestock and poultry. With respect to transportation facilities large majority of households own two wheelers and nearly 40% households possess two wheelers as well as four wheelers. Because of lack of adequate public transport system people prefer to have own means of transportation for commuting short distances. Basic Infrastructure: 52.01% of PAHs reported usage of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) as the main fuel used for domestic purpose. 38.34% of PAHs reported firewood as alternate source of fuel. Both LPG and firewood are used by 8.3% of PAHs. Main source of lighting was electricity as reported by 96% PAHs and the rest are from other sources. 44.5% PAHs have Pucca toilet facilities in their houses while Kutcha Pit is used by 48.8% PAHs. Community toilets are used by 1.1% of PAHs and the remaining 5.6% of PAHs do not have any facilities. 67.29% of the PAHs have piped water supply from PHED. About 1.61% of PAHs reported usage of Hand pumps and 22.25% have been using stream/ponds water. In terms of bathing facilities 49.1% of PAHs reported having facilities within their house premises and 20.4% of PAHs reported of having facilities outside their houses. 11% PAHs reported using community facilities, while 19.6% of PAHs did not provide response (See Tables 6.14 to 6.18 in Annexure 6).

6.3 Project Awareness

During survey, communities were requested for responses relating to their awareness on the project. Almost everyone indicated awareness about the project. It was also observed during the public consultations. Respondents indicated other villagers as the main source of information about the project. Many persons have come to know about the project through their interactions with survey teams of DPR consultant & Social consultants and from the Village Council President (VCP). Communities indicated multiple positive benefits


Resettlement Action Plan and Indigenous Peoples Development Plan for Chhumkhum – Chawngte Road of the project. Among these key benefits indicated were: increase in business and employment opportunities, faster movement, better access and increase in land prices. The key adverse impacts perceived included loss of land, structures and common property resources and increase in road accidents due to increased vehicle speeds. A large majority of respondents indicated preference for cash compensation against the losses suffered and with regard to issue of Resettlement and Rehabilitation they preferred self-relocation, if required.



Chapter 7 – Social Impact Assessment

7.1 Introduction

Development projects generate not only positive impact/benefits but also cause adverse social impacts in terms of loss of land assets, non-land assets, loss of livelihood etc especially on vulnerable sections of the society who are susceptible to socio-economic risks. Identification of such anticipated adverse impacts and developing appropriate mitigation measures during project planning, design and implementation is essential for achieving social sustainability of any project. The cut-off date for land acquisition is 13th August 2013 i.e. date of issuance of Section 4(1) notification under LA act. For other occupants without a valid pass/permit the start date of the Census and socio-economic survey i.e. 23 November, 2013 is the cut-off date. Structures and other properties likely to be affected within the corridor of impact (varying from point to point i.e., keeping in view the maximum land width requirement for widening as per the design) were identified and then distance of structures from the centre line of the existing road was noted. Further, measurements of structure and other physical details were noted down in the format. Any structure (residential, commercial, residential cum commercial and other properties that fell within the corridor of impact i.e., proposed RoW), either partially or fully was taken as likely affected structures. Name of owner of the structure/ property and associated persons with the likely affected structures were recorded. Thereafter, census and socio-economic survey format was administered to the Head of the household or adult member of the household for collection of requisite data. The extent of impacts due to the proposed intervention (upgrading and improvements) is discussed in the following sections. 7.2 Project Impacts

The project would impact land, privately owned structures and common properties. Besides, communities are likely to experience construction stage impacts of a temporary nature. 7.2.1 Impact on Project Affected Households

The project shall impact 373 PAHs. Of these 373 PAHs, 73.19% (273) are those losing only land while 100 PAHs are losing both land and Structures (See Table 7.1 and 7.2 below).

Table 7.1 – Distribution of PAHs by type of ownership of asset

Asset Affected PAHs (No.) No. %

Land 273 73.19 Land with Structures 100 26.81

Total 373 100.00

Table 7.2 provides village wise Project Affected Households by land and structures. Land is likely to be affected for 273 households and 100 structures would be impacted by project road. Maximum impact will be in felt in Lungrang village followed by Rangte, Rualalung, Chawngte, Lalnutui and Chhumkhum villages. The village wise distributions are given in the Table 7.2 below.

Table 7.2 – Village wise Project Affected Households by land and structure

Land affected by village/ place PAHs (No.)

Only Land Land with Structure Total (%) Lalnutui 22 37 59 15.82

Lungrang 80 9 89 23.86 Rangte 56 28 84 22.52

Rualalung 47 26 73 19.57



Chawngte 66 0 66 17.69 Chhumkhum 2 0 2 0.54

Total 273 100 373 100.00

7.2.2 Impacts on Land

The project requires additional land area of 68.442 ha across the entire stretch. All the required land is possessed by land owners. Rangte village is most affected as 54.53% (37.325 ha) of the total land required will be acquired from this village. There will not be impact on land in Chhumkhum village. Table 7.3 gives village wise break up of land to be impacted.

Table 7.3 – Impacted land by village

Village/ Location Area affected % of total area affected (sq. m) (ha) Chawngte 60650 6.065 8.862

Chhumkhum 0.000 0.000 0.000 Lalnutui 100600 10.060 14.699

Lungrang 82900 8.290 12.112 Rangte 373250 37.325 54.535

Rualalung 67020 6.702 9.792 Total 684420 68.442 100

Type of ownership of land: Of the 373 PAHs experiencing impacts on land, 80.97% PAHs possess Village Council Pass, followed by 13.40% PAHs who possess a Periodic Patta. Only 5.09% of PAHs possess Land settlement Certificates. About 0.54% of the respondents could not provide the information on type of ownership.

Table 7.4 – Ownership of land by type of pass/permit Ownership (Land) No. %

Settlement holder/ LSC 19 5.09 Village council pass 302 80.97

Periodic Patta 50 13.40 NA 2 0.54

Total 373 100.00

Land passes are issued by Revenue authority as well as Village Council. For 80.97% (302) of PAHs pass have been issued by the Village Council while Revenue Authority have issued passes to 70 PAHs (18.77%), See Table 7.5 for details

Table 7.5 – Land passes by issuing authority Issuing Authority No. of Land Passes %

Revenue Department 70 18.77 Village Council 302 80.97

NA 1 0.27 Total 373 100.00

7.2.3 Impact on Privately owned Structures

The Project shall affect 104 structures. Lalnutui village will be most affected as it will experience impact on 37 (35.6%) structures followed by Rangte (30.8%), and Rualalung (25%). No structures in Chhumkhum vilage will be affected. See Table 7.7 for village wise break-up.



Table 7.7 – Impact on structures by village Structures affected by village/ place No. %

Lalnutui 37 35.6 Lungrang 9 8.7

Rangte 32 30.8 Rualalung 26 25.0

Chhumkhum 0 0.0 Chawngte 0 0.0

Total 104 100

Typology of Affected Structures: 81.44 % is residential, while about 8.25% are Residential-cum-commercial structures and 10.31 % is Common resource Property. In terms of typology, pucca structures are 2, the Semi-pucca is 67 and Kutcha/thatched structures are 28. Table 7.7 presents details of structures by their use and by typology.

Table 7.8 – Impacts on structures by typology of structure

Structures affected Type of structure

Pucca (RCC)

Semi-pucca (GCI Roof)

Wooden structure (GCI roof)

Kutcha/ Thatched Total %

Residential 35 19 0 44 98 94.23 Commercial 0 0 0 0 0 0.00

Residential cum commercial 1 0 0 2 3 2.88 Others 2 0 0 1 3 2.88 Total 38 19 0 47 104 100.00

Pucca - RCC; Semi-pucca - Brick, concrete and roof GCI Project will impact 13,584.78 sq.mtrs of structures. Of the total, Residential structures constitute 96.68%. Other categories such as Commercial, Residential-cum-commercial constitute the remaining area. Table 7.9 below presents the details by area of structures and by typology and their present use.

Table 7.9 – Area of structures by type (sq. m)

Structures affected Pucca Semi-pucca

Wooden structure

Kutcha/ Thatched Total %

Residential 5321.53 3721.14 0 4091.18 13133.85 96.68 Commercial 0 0 0 0 0 0.00

Residential cum commercial 119.47 0 0 18.90 138.37 1.02 Others 276.38 0 0 36.18 312.56 2.30 Total 5717.38 3721.14 0 4146.26 13584.78 100.0

Ownership of structures: As seen in Table 7.10, 3.85% of these structure owners are settlement holders i.e. hold a permanent pass, while 95.19% possess a village council pass followed by 0.96% occupants who hold a periodic patta.

Table 7.10 – Impacts on structures by type of ownership

Ownership of structure Structures by present use

Residential Commercial R&C Others Total % Settlement holder 4 0 0 0 4 3.85

Village council pass 94 0 2 3 99 95.19 Periodic patta 1 0 0 0 1 0.96



Total 99 0 2 3 104 100.00

In terms of age of affected structures up to 3 years is 31.96%, between 3-7 years is 38.14%, 17.53% of the structures are in the category of 8 to 15 years. 11.34% and 1.03% of the structures are 16-25 years and 26-40 years old. Table 7.11 presents break up of structures by age.

Table 7.11 – Affected Structure by type and age

Age of structure Pucca Semi- pucca Wooden structures Kutcha/ Thatched Total %

Up to 3 years 16 15 0 16 47 45.2 3 to 7 years 19 2 0 13 34 32.7

8 to 15 years 0 16 0 1 17 16.3 16 to 25 years 0 4 0 0 4 3.8 26 to 40 years 0 2 0 0 2 1.9

Total 35 39 0 30 104 100

In addition, there are cattle shed with area of 91.78 sq. mtrs which would be impacted. Construction age of these structures is below 10 years. 7.2.4 Impact on Common Property

The project will also impact 26 common properties. It includes Churches (6), drinking water sources such as tanks, water points (4), Public bathrooms (2), Urinal (2), Community Hall (1), School (4), Anganwadi Centre (2), Waiting Sheds (2), Village council building (1) and Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) godown (1). See Annexure 7.2.4 for list of impacted CPRs.

7.2.5 Impacts on Trees & crops

Project shall impact 1,10,500 trees. It includes wild trees and plantations. Other affected trees include fruit bearing (Banana, Mango, Jackfruit, Grape, Guava, Orange, Pineapple, Plum, Pomegranate, other citrus fruit, etc.); Tea plants, Teak, Bamboo, etc. 7.3 Likely impacts during construction stage

The project is also likely to have the following permanent or temporary impacts during the construction stage: Likelihood of increased accidents due to road widening due to faster movement of vehicles; Construction stage impacts leading to temporary disruptions or permanent damages to assets e.g.

cutting of slopes may trigger landslides causing damage to assets and/or loss of access in hilly sections; and

Likelihood of increase in HIV/AIDS due to influx of outsiders during construction.



Chapter 8 – Stakeholder Consultations

8.1 Introduction

Public information and consultation is an important method of involving various stakeholders particularly, local community with reference to the proposed development initiatives. The World Bank OP 4.10 on Indigenous Peoples too emphasizes “a process of free, prior, and informed consultation with the affected Indigenous People’s communities at each stage of the project, and particularly during project preparation, to fully identify their views and ascertain their broad community support for the project. Stakeholder Consultations provide a platform to participants to express their views, concerns and apprehensions that might affect them positively or negatively. Through participation and consultation stakeholders influence development initiatives, and decision making process. The effectiveness of participation and consultation is directly related to the degree of involvement by the likely project affected persons and the local community and integration of outcome of consultations wherever feasible in the proposed development initiatives.

The purpose of consultations was to inform people about the project, take note of their issues, concerns and preferences, and allow them to make meaningful choices. Consultations were held during the project preparation at both the State level and also the community level. It ensured participation of potential project affected persons (PAPs), local community and other stakeholders. People in general were informed in advance, and allowed to participate in free and fair manner. Consultations provided meaningful contributions with regard to reducing adverse impacts, address safety issues, etc. Concerns, views and suggestions expressed by the participants during these consultations were integrated into the design aspects wherever feasible. The following sections present details of the consultations.

8.2 Consultations with Communities

Consultations were held during social screening, census and socio-economic survey and also before the preparation of RAP & IPDP. The first round of consultation (screening stage) was followed by Free Prior and Informed Consultations at all villages with potential project affected persons (PAP), Village Council President and other stakeholders, by the PIU staff including Project Director, Special Land Acquisition Officer (SLAO) and Social and Environment Consultant. Consultations were held in all the villages along the project road. In order to ensure significant participation village councils were informed in advance specifying date, venue and time. The last round of consultation meetings was held in five villages namely, Chhumkhum, Rangte, Lalnutui, Rualalung and Chawngte-L along the road. Village wise details are given below.

Name of village Date, time and Venue Participants/Remarks Chhumkhum 18th December, 2013 at the residence of

VCP at 8.00 a. m Members of Local communities, Joint Village Council, leaders of Sub-Hqrs YMA, Lunglei

Rangte

18th December, 2013 at 10.45 a. m at Residence of President, Village Council,

Members of Local communities, local leaders comprising of leaders of Village Council, leaders of YMA, and leaders of Project affected Persons

Lalnitui 18th December, 2013 at 3:00 PM Residence of President, Village Council

Members of Local communities, leaders of Village Council, leaders of YMA, and leaders of Project affected Persons and representatives of various Govt. Departments.

Chawgnte 19th December, 2013 at 9:00 AM, at the residence of VCP

Members of Local communities, leaders of Village Council,

Rualalung 19th December, 2013 at 12.00 noon at the residence of VCP

Members of Local communities, leaders of Village Council, leaders of YMA,


Resettlement Action Plan and Indigenous Peoples Development Plan for Chhumkhum – Chawngte Road The consultation meetings were presided over by the respective Village Council Presidents at each village. At the outset, the VCP introduced the consultant’s team with the villagers and stated the broad objective of such consultations. The Social Expert/ R & R Expert of the Social and Environment consultant provided brief description about the project (MSRP II), upgrading of project road (Chhumkhum – Chawngte Road), importance of consultations with likely project affected persons, local community and other stakeholders. Design alignments including the reasons behind proposed diversions were also informed and explained. Expected benefits and likely anticipated adverse impacts were conveyed. Entitlements applicable based on type and extents of impacts were conveyed as well. The consultations were held in local language (Mizo) with assistance from a local person who helped in interpretation as well as preparation of transcripts. The proceedings of the consultations were video and audio recorded as part of documentation process.

Photo 8.1 – Consultation at Chhumkhum village (L) and Rangte village (R)

A summary of consultations on various issues is presented below:

• It was observed that people in general were aware about the proposed development of the project from their interactions with the survey team of the DPR consultant and village council president. Broad community support for the project was observed in all the villages in view of the expected benefits of road construction. Initially, in one of the villages (Lungrang) there was some difference of opinion among the villagers with regard to upgrading of the existing road through village or having a diversion/re-alignment for the village. The villagers felt that such diversion would lead to loss of business. However, consultations with villagers carried out by the Project Director and PIU staff resulted in acceptance of diversion/re-alignment for the village in view of major resettlement and rehabilitation issues and safety concerns as well. Following the consultations held by Project Director, PIU, PWD, with the villagers on November 22, 2013 at Luangrang village, the village council president along with the NGOs agreed for the diversion/realignment of the Road (See Annexure 8.1). People of Chhumkhum accepted diversion/realignment of their road considering the likely impacts on their structures and also safety concerns and therefore felt that diversion will be the better option for the people of the village. The villagers of Rangte welcomed proposed upgradation of project road and expressed their satisfaction in efforts made to minimize impacts on structures.

• The villagers informed that the existing road condition has restricted the accessibility to market centres, places of better health and education facilities, district and state headquarters. The villagers also informed that without an improved road, development of the area is not possible. They further informed that average travel time from Chawngte to Lunglei (49 km) is about 4 - 5 hours. Particularly



during rainy season, travelling is impossible and poses risks to alternative economic initiatives by the people in the area.

• Agriculture is the main economic activity of the large majority of people. Major agricultural produce include maize, pineapple, orange, vegetables, etc. People informed that widening of road will facilitate faster transportation of their produce which would fetch them better price. Further, it was emphasized that better road condition will drastically reduce both passenger and freight charges. The savings on the maintenance of vehicle and fuel charges by the transporters would probably be passed on to the users. Furthermore, increase in the frequency of transport services is likely to open up other economic activities as well in the area.

• On the issue of compensation for land which is likely to be acquired, majority of the villagers informed that they were not aware of the prevailing land rate as land transactions are not common in the area. They further informed that, in the past, villagers have voluntarily donated land for public purpose facilities like construction of Tourist Lodge, Community Hall, Market Shed, etc. They demanded suitable compensation and resettlement and rehabilitation assistance for land, structures and other assets likely to be affected. They confirmed that a Special Committee meeting was held in the village for fixing the land rates through consultative process. The land rates fixed in the said committee meeting were acceptable to land owners likely to lose land.

• The discussion also covered other issues like, HIV/AIDS, prevalent diseases, health services, ethnic and religious conflicts, poverty level, migration, child labour, presence of NGO and their influence, Self Help Groups, etc. On issue of health services and prevalent diseases, it was informed that the nearest good health facility is available at District Headquarters -Lunglei which is 4 to 5 hours journey from the project road. Bad road condition is a major hindrance in availing good health services. They also informed that Malaria was a common disease in the area. Though occurrence of the disease is gradually reducing but still many people suffer from this disease regularly. As regards HIV/AIDS, almost everyone was found having some knowledge of the deadly disease and broad methods of its spread. They however informed that incidence of HIV/AIDS has been not noticed in their villages. Further, they informed that in and out migrations from the villages are very limited and localized and therefore likelihood of intermingling of local community with outsiders is very limited. Besides, NGOs like Young Mizo Association (YMA) and MHIP have been working in the area organizing awareness programs on HIV/AIDS and other issues concerning community at large. Conflict among ethnic groups, incidence of child labour and human trafficking, etc. was not reported by the participants/villagers.

• Safety concerns: Project authorities responded that safety measures such as: Mandatory / Regulatory Signs, (b) Cautionary / Warning Signs and (c) Information Signs. Route Marker Signs, Traffic Safety Posts are provided in the design.

The people of these villages Chhumkhum. Rangte, Lalnutui, Chawngte-L, Rualalung and Lungrung have appreciated the proposed construction of Chhumkhum to Chawngte roads for it will facilitate economic activities in the region. Communities requested the officials concerned to expedite the work so that the transportation bottlenecks would be eliminated. The villagers expressed their willingness to involve and cooperate in the project activities such as survey and enumeration exercises and committed to render their services whenever needed. Special Committee meetings provided another opportunity to both project authorities and the communities to discuss, raise and respond to specific concerns of the communities. For this purpose two rounds of meetings at each village were held by the SLAO, PIU, PWD. SLAO commenced the process by issuing a letter addressed to: Deputy Commissioner, Lunglei, Environment Department, Agriculture department, Horticulture


Resettlement Action Plan and Indigenous Peoples Development Plan for Chhumkhum – Chawngte Road department, Executive Engineer, Irrigation department, Village Council Presidents (VCPs) and secretaries of each affected village, Presidents and Secretaries of the Young Mizo Association (YMA) of each village. The purpose was to briefly inform them of the project and to request them to form an association of PAPs and to elect their representatives (2 nos.). Subsequently, in the month of November 2013, the SLAO visited each village to explain these representatives and expedite the process of formation of an association. In the month of November, SLAO issued another letter stating that the Special Committee meetings will be held in each village on a specified date to determine the replacement value of land structures, crops. These second round meetings were held between November 20-21, 2013. These meetings were well attended by the representatives of the aforementioned departments. Key issues and responses are given below

• Determining of replacement value and timing of compensation payments: Negotiations were held to

finalize the rates particularly of land as the rates varied across and within villages too. Factors considered included distance of the affected plots from the main village area; plains or steep area, etc.; recent sale considerations in the area; and comparison of rates prevalent in adjoining villages, in case there are no any recent transaction. Most of the villagers during consultations have raised the issue of compensation rates. They do not know about the rates till now. They have suggested not discriminating on the rate of the land where settlement is there. For other assets such as structures, crops, etc, it was explained that structure would be compensated as per Schedule of Rates of the PWD. Besides rates for crops, trees and structures are also linked to the cost index. SLAO assured the communities that the government is committed to this project and payment of compensation shall be done soon. People verbally agreed to these above discussions and rates and Minutes have been prepared for issuance by the PIU

• Communities wanted safeguards to some buildings on the upper edge on the road as they would be on the verge of collapse due to high cutting of the upper edge. Project authorities assured adequate safeguards will be taken during the construction stage to protect such buildings.

• Suggestions have come for ensuring the quality of the construction of roads. • In respect of livelihood options suggestions made are stated below:

i. Construction of market shed; ii. Undertake nursery for orange through CIGs;

iii. Piggery and poultry through CIGs; iv. Linkages with Banks for undertaking small scale business etc.

See Annexure 8.2 for list of participants.

8.3 State Level Consultations

As part of the preparation of the Social Management Framework (SMF) and also the Environment Management Framework (EMF) for the entire project, a State level workshop was held on 18th November, 2013. The workshop was organized to inform a wide range of stakeholders on the proposed road project that is being taken with World Bank assistance and to seek their suggestions and observations on the draft SMF. Key issues raised and responses given are presented below:

Key issues, points and concerns Responses given

BPL family and widows may be treated as Vulnerable Group if they are among the PAP

Under the project vulnerable groups would be the following:: i) Below Poverty Line (BPL), ii) Women Headed Households, iii) Schedule Castes, iv) Landless (small and marginal farmers), v) Elderly persons above the age of 60 years, vi) Destitute Orphans and vii) Disabled (mentally and physically), farmers who (after acquisition of land) become small/marginal farmers and also qualify for inclusion in BPL.

Vulnerable Group who suffer the most. He suggested that care should be taken to make

Verification survey of Land plots affected as per the design is being carried out by the PWD. . Based on this identification,



Key issues, points and concerns Responses given accurate assessment of the property losses by this group.

details related to the land such as ownership, assets on land were collected and shall form the basis for providing necessary Mitigation measures

Most of these Vulnerable Group are always the one who want their land to be acquired by the government because of compensation money.

The project shall ensure adequate measures to safeguard their interests and thereby ensure they are also beneficiaries. It will also include income restoration measures

If the compensation amount fixed by Special Committee is higher than that amount calculated from the rate fixed by the Collector, the amount fixed by the collector shall be paid by the collector as compensation and the remaining amount as assistance” , then if reverse is the case, what would be the solution

Assured that there should not be such case.

everybody should abstain from indulging in corruption in compensation and also request to formulate a method or system that appropriated compensation are paid to the rightful owner.

to make assessment of compensation more accurate and to make the process more transparent, NGO like YMA, MUP etc. are engaged to witness the measurement at site and also assured to all the participants that corruption practice shall not be prevailed towards LA process. Payments will be made straight to the Bank accounts of the affected persons. These processes would be monitored by internal monitoring as well as by External monitoring. Further World Bank shall supervise the project processes.

From the Entitlement Matrix it appears that land holder by way of Periodic Patta also have to be compensated, will this have adverse effect on future Land Acquisition Process as this entitlement is not according to LA Act 1894. This can make precedence in the case of compensation.

Poor villagers can’t always come to District headquarter to have their land pass issued or to engaged surveyor from revenue department, and that is why most of villagers don’t have LSC. Assistance will be paid to them not the compensation. Precautionary measures will be taken not to make any precedence that could have adversely affected on future LA Process.

Whether the current Revenue Dept’s. rate of compensation for crops/plants are reasonable e.g. Rate for Fruit bearing Zawngtah is Rs 1,000/- while the fruit it yield in a year can be up to Rs 10,000

This issue could be very controversial case. It is better that the current rate of 2011 prepared by Land Revenue & Settlement Dept. and adopted in Mizoram may be accepted as it is today. The classification of fruit bearing and non-fruit bearing is too wide ranges. Compensation base on girth size for plant may be more appropriate.

Source: Stakeholder Workshop on Draft SMF, November 2013

See Photo 8.3 on the stakeholder consultation workshop.

Photo 8.3 – Stakeholder Consultation on the Draft Social Management Framework



Chapter 9 – Resettlement Policy Framework

9.1 Applicable Acts and Policies

Applicable acts, notifications, and policies relevant in the context of the project are discussed below. The Project Authority will ensure that project activities implemented are consistent with the national, state, local regulatory/legal framework.

Table 9.1 – Applicable Acts and Policies

Sl. No.

Acts, notifications and policies

Relevance/ Applicability to the project

1 LA Act, 1894 (amended in 1984)

Land required for the project shall be acquired as per the provisions of this act and/or through process of negotiated settlement

2 National Rehabilitation & Resettlement Policy (NRRP), 2007.

Provides limited benefits to affected family (an ex-gratia payment of not less than Rs. 20,000/- and in case land-holder becoming landless or small or marginal farmer in such cases other rehabilitation benefits as applicable.

3 The Mizoram (Land Revenue) Act, 2013.

The act provides for land settlement system in the State.

4 Mizoram (Prevention of Government Land Encroachment) Act, 2001

The act deals with unauthorised occupation of land. Any person occupying any land without lawful authority shall be regarded as a trespasser or encroacher and shall be evicted in accordance with the provisions of the Act as amended from time to time. All such encroachers to be evicted for the project shall be eligible for support under the project as per entitlement framework of the project.

5 New Land Use Policy, Mizoram.

The chief aim of the NLUP is to develop and give all farmers in the state suitable, permanent and stable trades. The Policy also aims at to give all the Village farmers self-sufficiency in rice, vegetables etc. and give them help in money with necessary guidance.

6 The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006

This law provides for recognition of forest rights to Scheduled Tribes in occupation of the forest land prior to 13.12.2005 and to other traditional forest dwellers who are in occupation of the forest land for at least 3 generations i.e. 75 years, up to maximum of 4 hectares. These rights are heritable but not alienable or transferable.

7 World Bank OP 4.12 – Involuntary Resettlement

The project requires additional land area for widening and strengthening, junction improvements, realignments, safety provisions, etc. It will also affect structures mainly used for residences, business units, cattle sheds and livelihood of people. Some of them are without any valid pass/permit. All affected under the project, irrespective of a valid pass/permit shall be supported under the project to improve their quality of life or at least restore to pre-project standards.

8 OP 4.10 – Indigenous Peoples

About 94.5% of the population in the State belongs to Tribal community. The R&R issues in the project would involve those of tribal households. Therefore, to address the R&R and Indigenous issues a combined Resettlement and Indigenous Peoples Development (RAP & IPDP) shall be prepared. The project shall ensure broad community support for the project based on free prior and informed consultation.

9 The Right to Information Act, 2005

The Act provides for setting out the practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, the constitution of a Central Information Commission and State Information Commissions and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.



Table 9.1 – Applicable Acts and Policies Sl. No.

Acts, notifications and policies

Relevance/ Applicability to the project

10 Environmental protection Act, 1986 and subsequent amendments

The Act provides for mandatory public consultation for all listed projects and activities requiring prior Environmental Clearance (EC) and includes road and highways requiring further land acquisition. The Public Consultation shall ordinarily have two components comprising of:- (a) a public hearing at the site or in its close proximity- district wise, to be carried out in the manner prescribed, for ascertaining concerns of local affected persons; (b) obtain responses in writing from other concerned persons having a plausible stake in the environmental aspects of the project or activity.

11 World Bank Policy on Access to Information and Disclosure

World Bank safeguards policy requires consultation with PAPs during planning and implementation of resettlement action and Indigenous development plan and public disclosure of drafts. Once the draft is prepared it is to be made available at a place accessible to, and in a form, manner and language understandable to the displaced or affected people and local NGOs. EP Act 1986 and NRRP 2007, also requires disclosure of draft EIA, SIA, RAP, EMP and other project reports followed by mandatory Public Hearing.

12 The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013

The Act provides for enhanced compensation and assistances measures and adopts a more consultative and participatory approach in dealing with the Project Affected Persons. As and when this Act becomes effective and adopted by the State of Mizoram then PWD, GoM too shall be bound by and would need to comply with the Act relevant provisions as applicable.

9.2 Purpose of Social Management Framework

Under the first Mizoram State Roads Project, in 2002, an R&R policy had been prepared to address the identified adverse impacts. Based on consultations with stakeholders, it was observed that the policy provisions required updating in line with the provisions of appropriate Acts, Rules and policies. The changed socio-economic conditions in the state, findings of Reconnaissance survey and Social Screening of the proposed roads and a review of applicable acts and policies.The updated R&R policy as part of this SMF shall be applicable to all sub-projects identified/likely to be identified for funding under the Mizoram State Roads Project II. The specific purpose of the SMF is to:

a) update the R&R policy that was followed under the previous project in line with provisions of new relevant Acts and Rules, and other projects being implemented with financial support from multi-lateral funding agencies (Asian Development Bank, World Bank, etc.);

b) bring together and build upon the previous experiences and good project implementation practices; c) enhance institutional capacity at the State (PIU) and Project level for implementation of social management plans; and d) establish mechanism and processes for grievances redressal, replacement cost4, negotiation settlement for land acquisition; and monitoring and evaluation, etc. The Social Management Framework comprises the following: Resettlement and Indigenous Peoples Policy Framework; and HIV/AIDS Prevention and Awareness management framework

4 Land Revenue and Settlement (LR&S) is revising the 2011 notification and immediately after Mizoram Assembly Elections, same will be notified. Besides, a Special Committee has been formed who will compare and determine the Revenue rates in consultation with the people affected to fix the rate.



The broad principles of the Social Management Framework to be followed in the preparation and implementation of Social Management plans are described below: • Involuntary resettlement shall be avoided to the extent possible or minimized where feasible,

exploring all viable alternative project designs and also take due precautions to minimize disturbance to habitations, and places of cultural significance;

• Where displacement is unavoidable, people losing assets, livelihood or other resources shall be assisted in improving or at a minimum regaining their former status of living at no cost to themselves;

• Ensure that the socio-economic conditions of the Project Affected Persons (PAPs) actually improve after implementation of the project;

• Share information, consult and involve PAPs and local persons from preparation stage in issues of land acquisition, loss of livelihood and in identifying social issues likely to arise during project implementation;

• Ascertain broad community support based on free, prior and informed consultation. • Pay special attention to marginalized and vulnerable groups and secure their participation; • Ensure payment of compensation and assistance to PAPs at replacement cost, prior to any

displacement or start of civil works; • The common property resources will be replaced as far as feasible and assistance will be provided at

replacement value to the group; • All land acquisition will be carried out after issuance of notifications for harvesting of crops; • Ensure that project does not involve any kind of activities involving child labor; • Ensure equal opportunities and wage to women/female workers; and • Ensure additional and specific provisions concerning labour particularly women/female coming from

outside the state (e.g. day care facilities, crèche, health and sanitation, work shifts, etc.)

9.3 Definitions

Following definitions will be applicable unless otherwise stated specifically.

• Agricultural labourer: means a person primarily resident in the affected area for a period of not less than five years immediately before the declaration of the affected area, who does not hold any land in the affected area but who earns his livelihood mainly by manual labour on agricultural land therein immediately before such declaration and who has been deprived of his livelihood;

• Agriculture: Includes horticulture, the raising of annual or periodical crops, or garden produce, planting and upkeep of orchards or plantation, dairy farming, poultry farming, live-stock breeding, grazing and pisciculture and the expression, “non-agriculture” shall be construed accordingly;

• Agricultural land: Means land which is used or is capable of being used for agricultural purposes and includes land under homesteads occupied for residential purposes in connection with agricultural holdings and the expression, “non-agricultural land”, shall be construed accordingly;

• Allotment: Means allocation or apportionment of land or part of it to a specific person or body of persons having legal entity known as the allottee by the State Government or the competent authority in this behalf;

• Below poverty line (BPL) or BPL family: means below poverty line families as defined by the Planning Commission of India, from time to time and those included in the BPL list for the time-being in force;

• Building: Means a house, out house or other roofed structure whether masonry, brick, wood, mud, metal or any other material whatsoever but does not include a tent or other portable and temporary shelter;



• Certificate of Land Settlement or Land Settlement Certificate: Means a certificate granted u/s 11 of the Mizo District (Land and Revenue) Act, 1956 or section 4(2) of the Mizo District (Agricultural Land) Act, 1963, as adapted and includes similar certificates issued under this Act;

• Corridor of impact (COI): Refers to the minimum land width required for construction including embankments, facilities and features such as approach roads, drains, utility ducts and lines, fences, green belts, safety zone, working spaces etc. Additional land width would be acquired/purchased or taken on temporary lease if the Corridor of Impact extends beyond the available Right of Way;

• Cut-off date: (i) In the cases of land acquisition affecting land holders (LSC/PP/Village Passes), the cut-off date would be the last date of publishing Notification for land acquisition u/s 4 (1) of L.A Act, 1894 in the local newspaper. Those without any valid pass, the cut-off date would be the date on which the census and socio-economic survey started.

• Entitled person (EP): A person who is adversely impacted by the project and is eligible for assistance as per the project entitlement framework is considered to be an Entitled Person;

• Holding: Means a parcel of land separately assessed to land revenue; • Improvement: In relation to any land, means any work or product of work which materially adds

value to the land and which is suitable to the land and consistent with the character thereof; • Income: Income of the PAP shall mean the amount prior to the cut-off date from all occupations

taken together calculated by an objective assessment; • Kiosk: A kiosk is a booth/stall/cabin/cubicle made of wood or iron or any other building material

which could be shifted to another location as a single unit without much damage and is used for carrying out petty business/ commercial activities and has been in operation/existence prior to cut-off date;

• Land: Means broadly any ground, soil or earth, whether covered or not, and which is or may be utilized for agricultural or non-agricultural purposes or purposes subservient thereto and includes benefits to arise out of such land, and things attached to the earth or permanently fastened to anything attached to the earth.

• Land acquisition" or "acquisition of land": means acquisition of land under the LA Act, 1894. • Land Holder: Means holder of a parcel of land or a proprietor of land, who is responsible for the

payment of land revenue; • Land Revenue: Means any revenue assessed by the State Government on the land and includes

any tax assessed in lieu of land revenue or all moneys described as premium, rent, lease, money, charge, fee, cess or in any other manner, in any enactment, contract or similar instruments;

• Land Settlement Certificate Holder: Is a person to whom land has been permanently settled for agricultural purposes such as, growing particular crops or for mixed farming or for non-agricultural purposes such as, construction of a house. Every Land Settlement Certificate holder shall have a permanent heritable and transferable right, title interest and peaceful possession in his land;

• Lease Holder: Is a person who is given a lease of specified tenure to occupy certain parcel of land for a specific purpose like industry, educational institutions, etc. Every person or an agent to whom land has been let out by the State Government for use in any special purposes as an agent of the Government, the person or an agent shall be called a Lease holder in respect of such land and shall, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the Mizoram (Land and Revenue) Act, 2013 be entitled to hold the same in accordance with the terms and conditions of the lease;

• Marginal farmer: Refers to a cultivator with an un-irrigated land holding up to one hectare or irrigated land holding up to half hectare;

• Non-agricultural labourer: means a person who is not an agricultural labourer but is primarily residing in the affected area for a period of not less than five years immediately before the declaration of the affected area and who does not hold any land under the affected area but who earns his livelihood mainly by manual labour or as a rural artisan immediately before such



declaration and who has been deprived of earning his livelihood mainly by manual labour or as such artisan in the affected area;

• Notification: means a notification issued from time to time by appropriate government for land acquisition under the provisions of L.A. Act, 1894.

• Occupier: means a member of a Scheduled Tribes community in possession of forest land prior to the 13th day of December, 2005;

• Pass: Means a pass granted by Competent Authority to individual or group for the right to use a land allotted under the pass and on condition specified in the pass;

• Pass Holder: Is a person to whom a specific permission is given by the Government only for construction of a house, shop, stall inside and outside town area. In places where survey and settlement operation has not been done, the Village Council is given the authority to issue such Pass inside a village perimeter as may be notified by the Government from time to time. A pass holder shall have no right in the land held by him beyond the rights of use and occupancy for such period and under such terms and conditions as may be specified in the Pass and shall have no right to transfer, inheritance, or of sub-letting beyond the period so specified;

• Periodic Patta: means a prescribed land settlement document settling the agricultural land periodically under the Rules whereby an individual or society has entered into the engagement with the District Council to pay land revenue, taxes, cesses and rates legally assessed or imposed in respect of the land so settled;

• Periodic Patta Holder: Is a person to whom land has been leased out for a fixed or limited period for specific purposes such as commercial plantation, horticulture and the like. A Periodic Patta holder or a temporary licensed cultivator shall have a temporary rights, title, interest and possession in the land held by him for such period and under such terms and conditions as the Government may specify in the periodic patta and shall have no right to transfer of ownership or inheritance of the land beyond the period specified in his periodic patta;

• Person: Includes an individual, a firm, a Company or an association or a body of individuals whether incorporated or not;

• Premium: Means a lump sum amount of money paid as a consideration for the allotment of land; • Project: Refers to Mizoram State Roads II – Regional Connectivity Project; • Project Affected Area: Refers to the area of village or locality under a project for which land will

be acquired under LA Act, 1894 through declaration by Notification in the Official Gazette by the appropriate Government or for which land belonging to the Government will be cleared from obstructions;

• Project Affected Family: includes a person, his or her spouse, minor sons, unmarried daughters, minor brothers, unmarried sisters, father, mother and other relatives residing with him or her and dependent on him or her for their livelihood; and includes "nuclear family" consisting of a person, his or her spouse and minor children;

• Project Affected Person (PAP): Any tenure holder, tenant, Government lessee or owner of other property, or non-titleholder who on account of the project has been affected from such land including plot in the abadi or other property in the affected area will be considered as PAP;

• Project Affected Household (PAH): A social unit consisting of a family and/or non-family members living together, and is affected by the project negatively and/or positively;

• Project Displaced Person (PDP): Any tenure holder, tenant, Government lessee or owner of other property, or non-titleholder who on account of the project has been involuntarily displaced from such land including plot in the abadi or other property will be considered as PDP. A displaced will always be a PAP but all PAP may not be PDP;

• Rent: Means whatever is lawfully payable in cash or in kind, partly in cash and partly in kind, whether as a fixed quantity of produce or as a share of the produce, on account of the use or occupation of land or on account of any right in land but shall not include land revenue;



• Replacement Cost: A replacement cost/value of any land or other asset is the cost/value equivalent to or sufficient to replace/purchase the same land or other asset;

• Settled Cultivation Land: Land under cultivation for which Village Council Pass or Revenue Pass is issued.

• Small Farmer: Refers to a cultivator with an un-irrigated land holding up to two (2) hectares or with an irrigated land holding up to one (1) hectare.

• Shifting Jhum Land: Plots of agricultural land used for cultivation on rotation. • Shop: Means ant premises where any trade or business is carried on and where services are

rendered to customers; • Stall: Means a small shop with an open front where people sell things in it at a market or any

other place; • Tax: Means a sum of money collected by the collecting authorities at the rate fixed by the

Government from time to time from the domicile of the State of Mizoram excluding the areas of the Autonomous District Council on account of living in Mizoram and the owner of the building or apartment let out for residential and other purposes;

• Temporary Impact: Impact expected during implementation of the project in the form of earth spoil, tremors and vibrations, etc. affecting land and structure

• Tenant: A person who holds/occupies land-/structure of another person and (but for a special contract) would be liable to pay rent for that land/structure. This arrangement includes the predecessor and successor-in-interest of the tenant but does not include mortgage of the rights of a landowner or a person to whom holding has been transferred; or an estate/holding has been let in farm for the recovery of an arrear of land revenue; or of a sum recoverable as such an arrear or a person who takes from Government a lease of unoccupied land for the purpose of subletting it.

• Tribal: Means a person who belongs to one of the Scheduled Tribes for the State of Mizoram and specified as such by an order or orders made by the President of India under Article 342(1) of the constitution of India in so far as the specification pertains to Mizoram;

• Unauthorised Occupation of Land: Any person occupying any land without lawful authority shall be regarded as a trespasser or encroacher and shall be liable for eviction as per the provisions of the Mizoram (Prevention of Government Land Encroachment) Act, 2001 as amended from time to time. No right shall accrue to any person who encroach or trespass upon land without having any title conferred upon him by the competent authority. Paying of land revenue or taxes on such land will not entitle the encroacher any right or title to the property. However, the encroacher/occupant shall be entitled to replacement cost of structure, resettlement assistance and appropriate notice period for removal/shifting/harvest of assets/crops.

• Village/Village Council/Village Council President: The expressions shall have the same meaning respectively as assigned to each of these;

• Vulnerable Households: It includes: i) Below Poverty Line (BPL), ii) Women Headed Households, iii) Schedule Castes, iv) Landless (small and marginal farmers), v) Elderly persons above the age of 60 years, vi) Destitute Orphans and vii) Disabled (mentally and physically), farmers who (after acquisition of land) become small/marginal farmers and also qualify for inclusion in BPL.

• Wage earner: Wage earners are those whose livelihood would be affected due to the displacement of the employer. The person must be in continuous employment for at least six months prior to the cut-off date with the said employer and must have reliable documentary evidence to prove his/her employment.


Resettlement Action Plan and Indigenous Peoples Development Plan for Chhumkhum – Chawngte Road 9.4 Entitlement Matrix

The entitlement matrix has been developed in accordance with the principles adopted and analysis of initial identification of project impacts. It provides measures for different categories of impacts and project affected persons (See Table 9.2).



Table 9.2 – Entitlement Matrix

Type of Loss Occupant of Property

Unit of Entitlement

Entitlement Details of Entitlement

Cultivable land Settlement Holder

Family/ Household

Compensation at Replacement value and Assistance

a) Land for land, if available. Or, Cash compensation for the land at replacement cost, which will be determined by the Special Committee as mentioned in Note 1.

b) If the compensation amount determined by the SLAO is less than the replacement cost mentioned in Note 1, the difference amount will be paid as Assistance.

c) If the residual plot(s) is unviable i.e. less than MEH, PAH/PAF shall have the following three options - • Compensation for affected land and continue on the remaining unaffected plot of

land; or • If EP surrenders the residual plot, then compensation and assistance given for

the entire plot of land; or • Replacement land, if so wished by EP subject to availability of land which is at

least equally productive. d) Resettlement allowance of Rs. 50,000/- will be provided to those who do not get land

for land, irrespective of the size of land. e) Subsistence Grant equivalent to Rs. 3000 per month (MAW) for 6 months. f) In case of severance of cultivable land, an additional grant of 10% shall be paid over

and above the amount paid for land acquisition. g) Four (4) months’ notice to harvest standing crops shall be given. However, if notice

cannot be given then compensation for these crops shall be paid at market value Periodic Patta

Holder/ Temporary

Village Pass Holder

Assistance a) Land for land, if available, if not, replacement value of land as determined by special committee shall be given to land owners/holders.*

b) Resettlement allowance of Rs. 50,000/- will be provided to those who do not get land for land, irrespective of the size of land.

c) Subsistence grant equivalent to Rs. 3,000.00 per month of MAW for 6 months. d) Four (4) months’ notice to harvest standing crops shall be given. However, if notice

cannot be given then compensation for these crops shall be paid at market value.



Table 9.2 – Entitlement Matrix Type of Loss Occupant of

Property Unit of

Entitlement Entitlement Details of Entitlement

Non-agricultural vacant land

(Homestead, Commercial and others)

Settlement Holder

Family/ Household

Compensation at replacement cost and assistance

a) Land for land, if available. Or, Cash compensation for the land at replacement cost, which will be determined by the Special Committee as mentioned in Note 1. If the replacement value is more than the amount as determined under the LA Act, then the project will pay the “difference” in the form of assistance.

b) One time resettlement allowance of Rs. 50,000/- will be provided to those who do not get land for land.

c) Subsistence grant equivalent to Rs. 3,000.00 per month of MAW for 6 months. Periodic Patta

Holder/ Temporary

Village Pass

Assistance a) Land for land, if available. Or, Cash compensation for the land at replacement cost, which will be determined by the Special Committee as mentioned in Note 1. If the replacement value is more than the amount as determined under the LA Act, then the project will pay the “difference” in the form of assistance

b) One time resettlement allowance of Rs. 50,000/- will be provided to those who do not get land for land.

c) Subsistence grant equivalent to Rs. 3,000.00 per month of MAW for 6 months. Structure

(Residential, Commercial, Residential-

cum-Commercial

excluding farm house and jhum

huts)

Settlement Holder /Periodic Patta holder Village Pass holder

Family/ Household

Compensation for structure at Replacement Cost plus assistances

a) Replacement cost for structure at latest Basic Schedule of Rates (BSR) without depreciation with a minimum of Rs. 1,50,000.00

b) two (2) months’ notice for removal of structure c) In case of partially affected structures and the remaining structure continues to be

viable, in such case an additional assistance equivalent 25% of replacement cost will be paid towards repair/restoration of Structure

d) Right to salvage materials from the demolished structure e) For the displaced EP whose remaining structure is unviable, the following shall be

payable • Subsistence grant of Rs. 3,000/- per month for a period of twelve (12) months

from the date of displacement • One time resettlement allowance of Rs.50,000/- • Transportation cost of Rs. 50,000.00 for shifting family, building materials,

domesticated animals etc. • Lumpsum Assistance amount of Rs. 7,500/- for re-establishing other basic

facilities such as electricity connection, water supply pipeline • All fees, taxes and other registration charges incurred for the replacement

structure f) compensation in the form of residential / commercial plot at resettlement site if so




Property Unit of


opted by 15 or more PDPs on payment and free of cost for vulnerable groups will be provided. The size of the plots will be equal to the area lost or minimum of 35 sq., mts. for house and 15-sq. mts. for shop.

Loss of land and/or structure

Occupant of land and/or structure without valid Pass, Patta or Permit

Family/ Household

Assistance • For land a. Subsistence grant equivalent to Rs. 3,000.00 per month of MAW for 6

months.

b. Four (4) months’ notice to harvest standing crops/trees shall be given. However, if notice cannot be given then compensation for these crops shall be paid at market value

• For structure a) Replacement cost for structure at latest Basic Schedule of Rates (BSR)

without depreciation with a minimum of Rs. 1,50,000.00 b) Two (2) months’ notice for removal of structure c) Right to salvage materials d) Lump sum Transportation cost of Rs.50,000

Loss of Plants/Trees, etc.

Owner/Occupant Family/ Household

Compensation • As per Notification dated January 24th, 2011 of Revenue Department (to be updated) or Special Committee to determine the current cost. The cost will be updated as per Revised Notification. Regarding perennial fruit bearing trees such as Mango, Tamarind, etc.) the average productivity of such trees will be taken as 20 years.

Loss of Cattle shed, poultry shed or any other shed for domestic animals

Owner Family/ Household

Compensation • Rs. 600 per sq.m for Thatched roof and Rs. 1000 per sq.m for GCI sheet roof (to be paid as per revised/latest available updated basic schedule of rates for buildings). In case of non-revision, 10% premium per year will be added to the latest rate available.

Loss of residence/ commercial unit

Tenant Family/ Household

Assistance a) a) the amount of deposit or advance paid by the tenant to the landlord or the remaining amount at the time of expropriation (this will be deducted from the payment to the landlord)

b) b) Subsistence grant of Rs. 3,000/- per month for a period of twelve (12) months from the date of displacement

c) c) lumpsum shifting allowance of Rs. 15000/- Loss of kiosk Owner/

Occupant Family/ Household

Assistance d) lumpsum shifting allowance of Rs. 7500/- e) Right to salvage materials from the existing structure




Property Unit of


Loss of employment

Wage earners (workers/ employees within commercial units)

Family/ Household

Assistance f) Economic Rehabilitation Grant (ERG) equivalent to twenty-five (25) days of Minimum Agricultural Wages (MAW) per month for a period of three months.

g) Work opportunities in the project construction work h) Rs. 20,000/- towards vocational/skill improvement as per choice.

Loss of Livelihood (losing commercial unit, losing agricultural land and with balance land below MEH)

Settlement Holder/ Periodic Patta holder/ Village Pass holder

Family/ Household

Assistance i) Work opportunities in the project construction works. j) Rs. 20,000/- towards vocational/skill improvement as per choice. The amount will

cover daily stipend @MAW (directly payable to EP) for the duration of training and shall also cover costs towards boarding, lodging, transportation, etc.

Additional support to vulnerable groups

Settlement Holder / Periodic Patta holder/ Village Pass holder

Family/ Household

Assistance One time additional financial assistance of Rs. 25,000/- as Economic Rehabilitation Grant towards income generation

Loss of CPR (Jhum land/Fallow land) Village

community

Village Community

Compensation at ‘replacement value’

Replacement value for the common property transferred/acquired shall be paid to Village Council and the amount will be utilized through participatory planning by the villagers within 6 months from date of release of payment. PIU shall monitor its utilization

Loss of Common Property Resources

Enhancement of community resources.

Replacement /Restoration or augmentation of existing infrastructure and provision of additional infrastructure facilities based on identified need5.

5Common resources such as religious structures, cremation grounds, graveyards, hand pumps, passenger waiting sheds, rain sheds, urinals, stairways, foot paths, access paths, ponds, and other such assets will be replaced or reconstructed or rehabilitated at project cost in consultation with the local community and Village Council and preferably with support of local labor. Additional common facilities like stairways, foot paths leading to religious places, graveyards, and passenger sheds/ rain sheds shall be provided at project cost in consultation with Village Council and community.




Property Unit of


(Structures, etc.) Loss of Access Village

Community Village community

Alternate access Provision of access path(s), steps, footpaths, etc not exceeding 250 mtrs. at identified locations in consultations with community

Temporary and unforeseen impacts.

Affected Entity

Family/ Household/ Village community

mitigation in line with principles in the SMF

Unforeseen and temporary impacts during construction will be documented and dealt with on case by case basis through the GRM in accordance with the principles laid down in the SMF.

* As assistance



9.5 Methods for Assessment of Replacement Cost

The methods for assessment of replacement cost and determination of compensation for loss of land, structure, and other assets are discussed in the notes provided below:

Note 1 (i) Compensation would be determined by the Special Land Acquisition Officer (SLAO), Project Implementation Unit (PIU), PWD. The SLAO, while awarding the compensation shall consider recent sales and transfer of title deeds and registration certificates for similar type of land in the village and urban areas, as the case may be; (ii) A Special Committee has already been constituted by Govt. Notification dated 23rd August 2013 to determine replacement cost of lands, structures and other properties. The replacement value for the land and properties to be acquired will be calculated on either of the following methods: a. Taking into consideration 20 times of the annual value of gross production of the concerned land,

averaged over preceding 3 years; OR

b. Fixing up market value of land will be based on any transaction that may have taken place or the value assessed by considering the topography and accessibility of basic requirements.

The replacement value to be fixed up by the Special Committee shall be the higher one of the two amounts arrived at by the aforesaid two alternate methods. In case replacement value is higher than the market value determined by SLAO, the difference shall be paid in the form of assistance. The replacement value of the houses, buildings and other immovable assets will be determined as per current year BSR without depreciation. In case of partial impact, if the residual structure is rendered structurally unsafe or unviable the entire structure shall be considered affected and compensated accordingly. Similarly, for plants and trees the replacement costs will be determined by taking into consideration the current year “Rates of Compensation for Crops/Plants”. In case, BSR and “Rates of Compensation for Crops/Plants” are not updated, the Special Committee shall determine the replacement value of all items affected and the difference will be paid as assistance.

9.6 Other processes to be followed

• Compensation for the common properties e.g. shifting jhum land which are acquired for the project will be provided in accordance with Note 1 (ii) under 9.5. The amount will be utilized for the development of the village land in consultation with the community.

• Preparation of Micro Plan: Project Authority shall ensure that identity cards are prepared and handed over to all the PAPs as soon as the verification of PAPs is over by the RAP & IPDP implementation support agency. Micro plans shall be prepared for all PAPs and common property resources based on the extent of impacts and the Entitlement Framework. The micro plan shall contain information on extent of loss for each category, status of affected and due entitlements as per the eligibility criteria. The micro plan will be prepared by the RAP & IPDP Implementation support Agency and submitted to Project Authority for approval. The Project Authority will approve the micro plan for disbursement of assistance to entitled persons. The assistance will be disbursed by cheque or by direct transfer to PAPs bank account. Assistances below the threshold amount of Rs. 5000/- shall be paid directly to the PAPs in the form of cash in the presence of Village Council President (VCP)/ members. Any grievances reported by the PAPs regarding their eligibility, replacement cost of affected assets and any other entitlements shall be addressed through the Grievance Redressal Committee (GRC). The structure and process of the committees is provided under Institutional arrangements (Section 12)

• Compensation and eligible assistances shall be paid before taking possession of the land/properties. The PDPs and PAPs shall hand over the land and other properties acquired to the Govt. free from all



encumbrances such as mortgage, debt, etc. However, in case of outstanding government loans on such acquired lands and properties that remain unadjusted as per the information furnished by the PAPs or by the loaner agency, then such amounts shall be deducted out of the compensation.

9.7 Land Acquisition by Negotiated Settlement Method

The process of Land Acquisition (LA) by Negotiated Settlement would offer the following advantages.

i. The time taken would be considerably reduced as compared to the normal time taken under the LA Act;

ii. Being participatory in nature and therefore reduce the likelihood of any objection, grievance and reference to court;

iii. In addition to being financially lucrative it also shall ensure payment of the entire compensation amount in a single instalment to the affected landholders;

iv. Further, it shall facilitate smooth and quick acquisition of land leading to an early commencement of construction works.

The following process would be followed:

a) The Special Committee constituted by the Government Order/ Gazette Notification for determining

the replacement value of land, structures and other properties and assets shall also be empowered to undertake and finalise negotiations with affected land holders for land required for the project.

b) Duration of three months (90 days) shall be provided for concluding the negotiations with the landholders and signing of agreement between parties.

c) The negotiations shall be conducted village-wise, involving groups in order to maintain transparency. d) The negotiations shall begin by offering a minimum of 1.5 times of the registered value or stamp duty

value/circle rate (whichever is higher) in order to make the propositions financially attractive to the land holders. If the registered value/stamp duty or circle rates are more than a year old at time of negotiations, a premium @ 10% per annum will be added to bring the rates to currents levels. In addition, land holders shall be entitled to 30% solatium of the negotiated cost. Land holders shall also be eligible for additional assistance equivalent to revenue paid in order to acquire the status of a Settlement holder/ land holder.

e) A maximum of 3 rounds of negotiations shall be conducted with the land holders. f) After every round of negotiation, minutes of negotiations would be prepared and submitted to the

Head Office – PIU, PWD for information. g) If land acquisition by negotiation is finalized, the agreement shall be signed within 15 days from the

date of final negotiations at land holders place. The agreement will be read out aloud for the benefit of land holders in presence of villagers and VCP.

h) The Executive Engineer/ SDE of the concerned district and SLAO will sign the agreement for PWD. i) All necessary process for sell/purchase or transfer of land from land holders to PWD shall be carried

out by the PWD at project cost. j) Entire negotiated amount including solatium and taxes shall be paid to land holders within 30 days

from the date of signing of agreement between the parties (land holders and PWD). k) Interest @ 9% will be paid by the PWD for any delays in the payment of negotiated amount beyond

three months from the date of signing of agreement between the parties. l) In addition to negotiated amount, the land holders (EP) shall be eligible for Resettlement and

Rehabilitation benefits as mentioned in the entitlement matrix. m) In case of negotiated settlement, agreement shall include a clause prohibiting landholders to take

recourse to court with regard to the negotiated amount.



n) Land holders shall have an option to surrender residual land plot to PWD/project authority and be compensated on similar basis. Only when the residual land is no longer viable for taking up any other economic activities.

o) All land measurements shall be as per site conditions. p) In case of failed negotiations, record of cases and reasons for failure shall be maintained for future

reference. q) In parallel, notifications under the LA Act, 1894 shall be issued so as to avoid time delays in

acquisition process in the event of failure of negotiations.



Chapter 10 – Institutional Arrangements

Institutional arrangements to manage and implement Resettlement & Indigenous Peoples Development Plan (RAP & IPDP) will be set up at PIU (State) and project road levels. Institutional arrangement includes augmenting the capacity of PIU, PWD with regard to land acquisition, and implementation of RAP & IPDP and management of other social issues.

10.1 PIU (State) Level

The Project Director, PWD, Govt. of Mizoram will be overall responsible for the implementation of RAP & IPDP. He/she will have delegated administrative and financial powers for the implementation of the project including RAP & IPDP implementation. Institutional arrangement includes augmenting the capacity of PIU, PWD with regard to land acquisition, and implementation of RAP & IPDP and management of other social issues. The Project Director will be assisted by the SLAO, a designated SDE/AE as Resettlement and Rehabilitation Manager (RRM), and a number of technical and secretarial staff. A Social Development Specialist (SDS) will be engaged either as individual consultant to assist the Project Director, PIU as RAP & IPDP are likely to be implemented for multiple roads simultaneously. The PIU will be responsible for ensuring training, guidance, policy and implementation issues in compliance with SMF. The SDS will provide policy and strategic assistance to the PIU on social issues including land acquisition and rehabilitation and resettlement. The Project Director with assistance from SDS, SLAO, designated RRM, RAP & IPDP implementation agency, and others will ensure that all social safeguards issues are complied with as detailed out in SMF. The roles and responsibilities of the SDS would broadly include the following:

♦ facilitate and assist and Land Acquisition for each project road through negotiated settlement preferably.

♦ Ensure consultation and stakeholder participation in finalisation of RAP & IPDP. ♦ Ensure preparation and disclosure of RAP & IPDP for each project road separately as per SMF. ♦ Guide and supervise the RAP & IPDP implementation agencies for resettlement and rehabilitation

and rolling out HIV prevention activities. ♦ Interact with implementation agencies on a regular basis and undertake field visits and consultations

with PAPs for first-hand information. ♦ Compile data related to resettlement and rehabilitation activities received from field offices and

decide on suitable measures to be taken. ♦ Facilitate necessary help needed at site with regard to LA and R&R issues. ♦ Co-ordinate with government departments in matters related to implementation of RAP & IPDP. ♦ Ensure budgetary provision for resettlement and rehabilitation of PAPs and relocation, rehabilitation

and reconstruction of common property resources (CPRs) and implementation of RAP & IPDP. ♦ Ensure timely release of budget for implementation of RAP & IPDP. ♦ Monitor implementation of RAP & IPDP carried out by the agencies through RRM. ♦ Perform other roles and responsibilities related to implementation of RAP & IPDP as required from

time to time. ♦ Ensure free, prior and informed consultation with PAPs and also ensure that sufficient supporting

documentation is maintained. ♦ Facilitate third party audit of RAP & IPDP implementation.



10.2 Special Land Acquisition Officer

A Special Land Acquisition Officer6 (SLAO) has been appointed by the Govt. of Mizoram in the Project Implementation Unit (PIU), PWD, headed by the Project Director. A SDE/Assistant Engineer (AE) has been designated as Resettlement & Rehabilitation Manager (RRM) to assist directly the SLAO for R&R related activities. In addition, junior engineers and surveyors shall be deputed in the PIU to assist the SLAO for land acquisition process. The principal responsibilities of the SLAO include the following:

• Take timely action to complete all proceedings within the time frame as provided under LA Act, 1894;

• Dispose of the objections and claims submitted by any person interested in any land being notified; • Ensure notifications are published in Official Gazette and at least two (2) local Newspapers; • Announce “award” in the open Court after the approval by the Government; • Disburse compensation; • Take possession of land and handover to Project Authority; • Perform all functions as Member Secretary of “Special Committee” for determining the

replacement value of land, structures and other properties and assets and also carry out consultations with affected land holders for Land Acquisition (LA).

10.3 Project Road Level

Site Offices shall be established for implementation of RAP & IPDP. One SDE/AE designated as Resettlement & Rehabilitation Manager (RRM) shall be posted at each site office. The designated RRM will be responsible for the implementation of RAP & IPDP. RRM will assist Project Director at PIU in all matters related to resettlement and rehabilitation. The roles and responsibilities of the Resettlement and Rehabilitation Officer are as under: • Ensure RAP & IPDP implementation with assistance from implementation agency as per the time

line agreed upon. • Interact with RAP & IPDP implementation agency on a regular basis. • Undertake field visits with implementation agency from time to time. • Facilitate necessary help needed at site with regard to LA and R&R, HIV issues to implementation

agency. • Co-ordinate with district administration and other departments in matters related to implementation of

R&R. • Ensure distribution of entitlement matrix to PAPs. • Ensure preparation and distribution of photo identity cards. • Ensure and attend meetings organised by implementation agency on thematic areas related to

resettlement and rehabilitation, entitlements and HIV/AIDS awareness generation. • Ensure inclusion of PAPs who could not be enumerated during census and socio-economic survey but

have documentary evidence to be included in the list of PAPs. • Ensure timely preparation of micro-plan from RAP & IPDP implementation agency and approval

from PIU. • Ensure that the PAPs have received their entitlements. • Ensure disbursement of resettlement and rehabilitation assistance in presence of village council

members. • Participate in meetings related to resettlement and rehabilitation issues. • Facilitate in opening of joint account of PAPs.

6The SLAO has been delegated the powers of Collector by the Notification dated 1 August 2013, Revenue Department, Govt. of Mizoram.



• Prepare monthly progress report related to physical and financial progress of implementation of RAP & IPDP & submit the same to PIU.

• Ensure release of compensation and assistance before taking over the possession of land for start of construction work.

• Ensure relocation, rehabilitation and reconstruction of CPRs before dismantling through proper mechanism.

• Ensure development of resettlement sites, if required. • Attend and participate in Grievance Redress Committee meetings for redressal of grievances of PAPs

and other committees involving R&R matters, • Liaison with government and other agencies for inclusion of PAPs in employment and income

generation programme/scheme. • Carry out any other work related to resettlement and rehabilitation that may be entrusted from time to

time related to R&R by the PIU. • Provide all necessary information and data related to R&R on monthly basis to PIU through

Executive Engineer. • Ensure that PAPs, irrespective of social groups and gender get equal opportunity to participate during

implementation and become overall beneficiaries in the project.

10.4 RAP & IPDP Implementation support Agency/NGO

For the implementation of RAP & IPDP in each project road, the PIU, PWD will engage the services of Non-Government Organisation (NGO) having experience in resettlement and rehabilitation issues as per standard bidding process. Terms of Reference (ToR) for engaging the services of the implementation agency will be prepared by the Social and Environment consultants along with RAP & IPDP. The implementation agency will work in close co-ordination with RRM and report to PIU. Financial matters related to services of the RAP & IPDP implementation agency will be dealt by PIU, PWD. Broad roles and responsibilities of implementation agency would be as:

• The RAP & IPDP implementation agency will be the main link between the PAPs and the PIU, PWD. • Develop rapport with PAPs. • Coordinate with the RRM to implement R&R activities. • Verify PAPs as listed out in the RAP & IPDP (by the Social & Environment consultant based on the

design prepared by DPR consultant). • Undertake public information campaign at the commencement of the RAP & IPDP implementation

along with RRM. • Identify and include those PAPs who may have been missed out during the census and socio-

economic survey. • Include those PAPs based on verification of documents and certification from R&R Manager. • Distribute pamphlets covering brief description of SMF, detailed Entitlement Matrix to PAPs, Village

Councils, and concerned Govt. Offices in the project area, etc. • Prepare and distribute identity cards to PAPs. • Prepare micro-plan for entitled persons (EPs) and CPRs separately. • Submit of micro-plan to RRM for verification and then approval from PIU. • Facilitate in opening of joint account of PAPs. • Assist PAPs in receiving disbursement of assistance in open village court. • Assist PAPs in all matters related to compensation and R&R. • Assist and facilitate aggrieved PAPs (for compensation and assistance) by bringing their cases to

Grievance Redressal Committee (GRC). • Organize consultations at regular interval with PAPs with regard to resettlement and rehabilitation.



• Assist PAPs to identify the alternate sites for residence, shop and agriculture plots. • Assist PAPs on allotment of shops and residential plots, if any. • Hold consultations with PAPs regarding the choice of resettlement (i.e. self or assisted), development

of resettlement site, participation of women, etc. • Assist in identification and development of rehabilitation site, if required. • Generate awareness about the alternative economic livelihood and enable PAPs to make informed

choice. • Identify training needs of PAPs for income generation and institutions for imparting training. • Organize training program for skill up gradation of the PAPs. • Undertake outreach activities for HIV prevention for awareness and behaviour change as per RAP. • Consult Village Council and community with regard to relocation, rehabilitation, reconstruction of

affected CPRs as well as provision of new facilities under the project. • Participate in various meetings organised by PWD. • Submit monthly progress report to RRM and copy to PIU. • Any other activities that may be required for the implementation of RAP & IPDP, etc.

10.5 Construction Supervision Consultant

A Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC) shall be appointed by the PIU, PWD for each project road or for a combination of project roads for the execution of project execution. The CSC shall be based at site(s). In addition to construction supervision, the CSC will also monitor the implementation of RAP & IPDP. One of the key personnel of the CSC team will be an R&R expert. The monitoring of RAP & IPDP will be done for each activity and against the corresponding time frame. In the event of delay of implementation of any activity the CSC would bring it to the notice of the PIU, and suggest corrective measures. The CSC shall submit monthly monitoring report for one year and subsequently quarterly monitoring reports for the remaining period of the project to the PIU, PWD. The functional relation among PIU, Project Road Office, and other bodies set up for implementation of R&R activities is depicted in Figure 10.1



Figure 10.1: Institutional Arrangement for RAP & IPDP Implementation

10.6 Special Committee

A Special Committee for each affected village will be constituted to determine the replacement value of lands, structures and other properties (trees, crops and other assets, tube well, hand pump, etc.). The Special Committee7 comprises of Project Director & SLAO, PIU, PWD; Nodal Officer, R&D Cell, Environment & Forest Department; representatives of the departments such as Agriculture, Horticulture; Minor Irrigation and representatives of Deputy Commissioner , Village Council President and Secretary of the concerned villages; representatives of PAPs and YMA of concerned villages. The Special Committee shall also be empowered to negotiate with affected land holders for land acquisition of land required for the project, as first choice.

7 Notification enclosed – No. C29018/18/93-PWD dated 30th August, 2013.

Project Director, PIU, PWD

Chief Engineer (Roads), PWD, Govt. of Mizoram

Construction Supervision Consultant

Social Development Specialist (SDS)

SCHM (PIU) (general project related issues)

M&E Agency (Third Party)

Special Committee (Replacement value & Negotiated Settlement)

R&IPDP Implementation Agency (NGO)

Special Land Acquisition Officer (SLAO)

RRM (Site Office)

GRC at District Level (R&R issues)



Chapter 11 – Disclosure, Consultation and Participation Plan

11.1 Information Disclosure

The Right to Information Act, 2005 provides for setting out the practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, the constitution of a Central Information Commission and State Information Commissions and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. The process for obtaining information and details of designated officials shall be posted on the PWD website. PWD had disclosed the Draft SMF document on the Government of Mizoram website www.mizoram.nic.in on January 31st, 2014. In order to get the feedback from the stakeholders on past experience and to obtain suggestion for any suitable in the SMF, Stakeholder Consultations Workshop was organized at the State level. The Draft RAP & IPDP has been disclosed by the PIU, PWD on the Government of Mizoram website: www.mizoram.nic.in on February 4th, 2014. The Executive Summary of the draft RAP & IPDP, along with the list of PAPs with the impacted assets shall be translated in local language - Mizo (Roman script for the Mizo language) and disclosed at concerned Village Council offices, PWD and District Administration offices. For project roads requiring environmental clearance, the draft documents shall also be placed for public viewing and stakeholders’ feedback as prescribed under EP Act 1986. The documents will also be disclosed at the website of PWD, GoM and World Bank at least four months prior to the awards of the contracts/commencement of construction. Feedback received from stakeholders shall be incorporated in the final documents. The Executive Summary of final RAP & IPDP and other project related documents/ relevant information shall be translated in Mizo language and made available at Project Authority’s state and project offices. The final documents in full will replace the draft documents in website of Project Authority’s as well at World Bank’s Infoshop. The list of eligible persons (PAPs) for disbursement of benefits shall be separately disclosed at concerned Village Council Offices/ Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) to ensure transparency. A copy of the list of eligible PAPs shall be put up at notice boards of the concerned District Administration Offices, project offices, and any other relevant offices, etc. The Social Management Framework, Executive Summary of RAP & IPDP of each project road shall also be placed in Mizo language of the concerned District Administration Office. During the project implementation phase the relevant information related to impacts, compensation measures, rehabilitation measures, etc. will be shared with the PAPs in appropriate language in the form of resettlement leaflet.

11.2 Consultation & Participation Plan

To ensure peoples’ continued participation in the implementation phase and aiming at promotion of public understanding and fruitful solutions of developmental problems such as local needs of road users and problem and prospects of resettlement, various sections of PAPs and other stakeholders will be engaged in implementation. Key actions would be as follows:

Communicating and informing PAPs and beneficiary households in the project area of resettlement policy provisions and grievance redress mechanism through village level public meetings;

Holding one to one meeting with the PAPs to explain their eligibility;

Placing of micro plan in affected villages for review and minimize grievances;


http://www.mizoram.nic.in/

http://www.mizoram.nic.in/


Payment of R&R assistance to PAPs during public meetings to maintain transparency; and

Household consultation to identify skill improvement training needs, counseling for usage of assistance amount and other activities towards livelihood restoration.

Information dissemination and participation would be ensured through

a) printed leaflets/ information booklets that are to be prepared by the RAP & IPDP Implementation Support Agency in local language. These would be distributed to PAPs and also other village community members within the immediate project influence area in advance so that people discuss issues among themselves and prepare themselves for meetings/discussions. On the day of public meeting, once again leaflets would be distributed to those present to ensure awareness about the project in case they did not get the leaflet/ information booklet. The booklet would provide:

brief description of the project and its objectives;

a summary of adverse impacts (including land acquisition, process of acquisition and impacts on common property resources, etc);

act under which land has been acquired;

resettlement & rehabilitation provisions of the project and specific benefits available to vulnerable households/groups;

avenues for participation by local communities;

expectations from local communities;

role of RAP & IPDP IA and RRO; and

Grievance redressal mechanisms, Suggestion and Complain Handling mechanism, etc.

b) by organising public meetings at suitable locations with participation by PAPs, local communities, institutions and line departments with prior information on the date and time. Wide publicity for the meeting would be carried out by beating of drums and announcement through loud speakers in the adjoining areas. The Social Development Specialist & RRM with assistance from RAP & IPDP implementation agency would describe all aspects of the project, importance of consultations and also seek their participation and co-operation in the project. In these public meetings various aspects of the project would be explained and also the status of the project (technical, social & environmental) would be conveyed. Opportunity would be provided to people in general and PAPs in particular, to provide suggestions and raise issues that concern them and also with a view to maintain good rapport with local community. SLAO, RRM, SDS and RAP & IPDP Implementation Support Agency shall be present in these meetings. After the public meeting, Minutes of Meeting (MoM)/ resolution would: be prepared and read out to people present in the meeting; signed by the officials and participants present at the meeting; and kept in project file for documentation purpose.



Chapter 12 – Grievance Redressal Mechanism

12.1 Grievance Redressal Committee

The Grievance Redressal Mechanism involves formation of Grievance Redressal Committee. The main objective is to provide a step-by-step process of registering and addressing the grievances. It is expected that this mechanism will ensure redress of disputes through participative process.

First level will involve physical verification and certification upon receipt of any grievance such as inaccurate measurement of impacted asset, loss of access, damage to structures, crops during construction, counting of trees etc. that do not involve immediate monetary implications. The physical verification and certification will be carried out by the RRM, RAP & IPDP Implementation agency, respective VCP in presence of PAPs and appropriate documentation would be done. Response would be provided to the concerned PAP within 7-10 days of receipt of grievance. Financial implications of any changes would be presented to the GRC for consideration and approval

The second level of resolution will be undertaken by the GRC. A district level Grievance Redressal Committee (GRC) will be formed by the Project Authority (Vide issuance of Govt. Order) within one month from the date of mobilisation of RAP & IPDP implementation agency at site. The GRC will comprise Project Director, PWD; Additional Deputy Commissioner of concerned district; RRM, representatives of the concerned Village Council President or his/her authorised representative, PAPs and RAP & IPDP implementation agency and an opinion leader as co-opted member. Grievances of PAPs in writing will be brought to GRC for redressal by the RAP & IPDP implementation agency. The RAP & IPDP implementation agency will provide all necessary help to PAPs in presenting his/her case before the GRC. The GRC will respond to the grievance within 7 days. The GRC will meet once in 15 days but may meet more frequently, depending upon the number of such cases. However, after convening the first GRC meeting, it will not hold any meeting till such time any grievance is brought to the GRC for redressal. Grievances brought to the GRC shall be redressed within a time period of one month (30 days) from the date of receipt of grievance. The decision of the GRC will not be binding to PAPs i.e., decision of the GRC does not debar PAPs taking recourse to court of law. Broad functions of GRC are as under:

• Record the grievances of PAPs, categorize and prioritize them and provide solution to their grievances related to resettlement and rehabilitation assistance.

• The GRC may undertake site visit, ask for relevant information from other government and non-government agencies, etc in order to resolve the grievances of PAPs.

• Fix a time frame within the stipulated time period of 30 days for resolving the grievance. • Inform PAPs through implementation agency about the status of their case and their decision to PAPs.

The Grievance Redressal Mechanism for the project is shown in Figure 12.1.



Fig. 12.1 – Grievance Redressal Mechanism

12.2 Suggestion and Complaint Handling Mechanism

The Right to Information Act, 2005 provides for setting out the practical regime of right to information for citizens. Under the provisions of the Act, any citizen may request information from a "public authority" (a body of Government or "instrumentality of State") which is required to reply expeditiously or within thirty days. The Act also requires every public authority to computerize their records for wide dissemination and to pro-actively publish certain categories of information so that the citizens need minimum recourse to request for information formally. Thus under the act, citizens have right to seek information from concerned agencies by following the set procedures. However, it is quite likely that many people may not use the provisions of this Act, except in some cases of major concerns. The proposed project covering seven roads is likely to involve large scale of civil works along with R&R and Environment issues. It is expected that people would like to know project information, provide suggestions and also lodge complaints during the project implementation period. As a good practice, to address public concerns pertaining to various issues, PWD will establish a Suggestion and Complaint Handling Mechanism (SCHM) at PIU and site offices. SCHM will report all project related LA and R&R of the PAPs for redressal through the concerned PIU or GRC as appropriate. Several communication channels viz., toll free phone number, dedicated email, mechanism for on line submission of suggestions/complaints/inquiries, provision of suggestion/complaint box (at site and project road office), post and other suitable means shall be set up for suggestion and complaint handling.

Entitled Persons (EPs)

SLAO

Not Redressed/ Option to move court

Grievance Redressal Regarding R&R Provisions

Grievance Redressal Committee (GRC)

Grievance Redressal Regarding Land Acquisition

Redressed R&R Manager (RRM)

NGO (RAP & IPDP Implementation

Agency)

Civil Court

Redressed

Redressed

Not Redressed/ Option to move court


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publishing


12.3 Management of SCHM

The project implementation is expected to receive a wide range of enquiries, comments, and suggestions from PAPs, common people, road users, interest groups, village councils, government departments, contractors, consultants, NGOs, others. PWD will establish a Suggestion and Complaint Handling Mechanism (SCHM) to address and handle external and internal inquiries, suggestions and comments, and concerns/complaints/ grievances as well as improve accountability and service delivery under MSRP II. The overall responsibility for the operation and management of SCHM will of PIU, PWD, Govt. of Mizoram. It will be handled at PIU level and site office level.Since all pre-construction and civil works will be implemented and managed by the PIU, majority of the enquiries, suggestions and complaints related to a specific road is likely to be received by the PIU. However, some of the enquiries, suggestions and complaints are also expected to be received by the site offices. A toll free number and/or an email account will be set up at the PIU for this purpose. The toll free number and email account would be displayed on the sign boards at the start and end of each project road. The bidding documents will have a requirement for the contractor to put in place signs at the start and end of the project road which will display the toll free number and email account to submit enquiries, suggestions and complaints to the PIU, PWD. Similarly, inquiries, suggestions, or complaints related to specific road can also be submitted at site office in writing. Thus inquiries, suggestions, complaints, etc. submitted at site offices and PIU, a due recording and documentation will be carried out by the concerned offices. The Project Director will assign the suitable officer at PIU and site offices to address and handle inquiries, complaints, grievances, etc. submitted at site offices and PIU. His/her responsibilities will include:

• To respond to as many inquiries/comments as possible • To receive and sort concerns/grievances • To forward them to appropriate authority for resolution • To track/monitor complaint/grievance acknowledgement and resolution • To review and report on complaint/grievance data and trends to the Govt. and the World Bank.

After receiving complaints, the complainants will be informed within three weeks about the status of the complaints and what action will be taken further. Channels The following channels shall be established to receive inquiries/comments and concerns /grievances:

• Toll free phone • Email • On-line form • Regular post/mail • Suggestion box/Walk-ins

It is critical to assign a specific e-mail ID and a phone/fax number, and to set up an easy-to-access suggestion box and walk-in office. The project website will have a permanent sub-window that will contain an on-line form and facilitates grievance/complaint collection.



On-line Form for Suggestions and Complaints The on-line form for suggestions and complaints will be provided on the PWD website. The form will contain limited entries as outlined below. Subject: ______________________

Project Road: ____________________

Content: _______________________

Your email: _____________________ Suggestions/complaints submitted through this on-line form will go directly to (a) the Project Director’s email account and (b) internal reporting system for SCHM (excel file). SCHM Reporting Format The internal reporting system for SCHM (excel file) will have the following entries/columns: 1. Date 2. Subject 3. Road 4. Content 5. Email (of the complainant) 6. Acknowledgment date (Date when PIU sent an email to the complainant to acknowledge that the

email has been received, the issue will be handled within that period of time and the response/feedback will be provided to the complainant by that deadline)

7. Responsible Person 8. Deadline for Feedback 9. Actual Date for Feedback 10. Solution/Feedback on the Suggestion/Complaint 11. Additional Comment (e.g., if the person was unsatisfied with the feedback/solution provided and

indicated that he/she will go to another authority to complain)

The entries 1-5 should be filled in automatically once an on-line form is submitted. The other entries will be entered manually by the PIU staff. All SCHM-related reports will be consolidated by the PD, PIU.



Chapter 13 – Monitoring and Evaluation

Monitoring and evaluation are important activities of any infrastructure development project particularly, those involving involuntary resettlement. It helps in making suitable changes, if required during the course of RAP & IPDP implementation and also to resolve problems faced by the PAPs. Monitoring is periodical checking of planned activities and provides midway inputs, facilitates changes, if necessary and provides feedback to project authority for better management of the project activities. Evaluation on the other hand assesses the resettlement effectiveness, impact and sustainability of R&R activities. In other words, evaluation is an activity aimed at assessing whether the activities have actually achieved their intended goals and purposes. Thus monitoring and evaluation of resettlement and indigenous peoples development plan implementation are critical in order to measure the project performance and fulfillment of project objectives. Indicators and benchmarks for achievement of the objectives proposed under the Resettlement and Indigenous Peoples Development Plan are of three kinds:

i) Proposed indicators, indicating project inputs, expenditures, staff deployment, etc. ii) Output indicators, indicating results in terms of numbers of project affected persons

compensated and resettled, training held, credit disbursed, etc, iii) Impact indicators, related to the longer-term effect of the project on people’s lives. iv) Complaints and Grievances received and resolved

The benchmarks and indicators are limited in number, and combine quantitative and qualitative types of data. The first two types of indicators, related to process and immediate outputs and results, will be monitored to inform project management about progress and results, and to adjust the work programme where necessary, if delays or problems arise. Thus M&E would be carried out for regular assessment of both processes followed and progress of the RAP & IPDP implementation. 13.1 Monitoring

Process monitoring would enable the project authority to assess the whether the due process are being followed or not, whereas performance monitoring would mainly relate to achievement in measurable terms against the set targets. Monitoring report will also provide necessary guidance and inputs for any changes, if required during the course of the implementation. 13.1.1 Internal Monitoring

The internal monitoring will be carried out by the PIU, PWD with assistance from RAP & IPDP Implementation Agency and RRM. 13.1.2 External Monitoring

PIU, PWD will engage an External agency (third party) will carry monitoring twice annually and Evaluations at the mid and end term for each project road by undertaking field visits and all other necessary activities including consultations. The Monitoring reports would: cover detailed information on process and progress of RAP & IPDP implementation. would highlight issues, if any that need attention of the PIU, PWD and suggest corrective measures that may be followed for better implementation of RAP & IPDP.



Frequency To be

Prepared by To be

submitted to Input/ output

Key indicators/information to be reported

Monthly NGO RRM & PIU

Process indicators

• Staff: Number of staff and agencies are involved for the RAP & IPDP implementation; and status of staff being mobilized.

• Consultation: Number of consultation meetings held (PAPs, other stakeholders); Number of women in consultation meetings; Number of field visits by NGOs etc.

• Grievances: Number (%) and types of grievances received and resolved; % of complainants moved court.

• Procedures: Effectiveness of compensation delivery system (procedures being followed); Coordination between line agencies.

Output indicators

• LA: Area (%) of private, community and public land acquired/transferred; Number of people affected? Number of plots affected.

• Structures: Number and type of private, public, and cultural structures impacted. Status of relocation of cultural structures, status of demolition of public/private structures.

• Trees and crops: Number and types of private and public trees affected; types and area of crops that have been affected.

• Compensation and R&R: Status of disbursement of R&R assistances (verification of PAPs, preparation of Identity (ID) cards; preparation of micro plan, approval of micro-plan, disbursement of assistance/Number of EPs (%) who received compensation before the construction began. Number of displaced persons resettled or assisted for self-relocation? Proper documentation of RAP & IPDP activities implementation (e.g. HIV awareness, consultation process, distribution of assistance, etc).

• Trainings: Number of people/days that are provided with trainings on income generations, HIV/AIDs etc, road safety etc.

Quarterly R&R Officer PIU Process indicators

• Staff: Number of staff and agencies involved for RAP & IPDP implementation; adequacy of designated staff.

• Consultation: Number of consultation meetings held; Number of women participated in consultation meetings; Number of field visits by NGOs etc.

• Grievances: Number (%) and types of grievances received and resolved; Number of aggrieved EPs moved court.

• Procedures: Effectiveness of compensation delivery system; Coordination between line agencies.



Frequency To be Prepared by

To be submitted to

Input/ output


Output indicators

• LA: Area of private, community and public community land acquired; Size of cultivated or uncultivated land? Number of people affected?

• Structures: Number, type, and size of private, public, and cultural structures impacted.


• Compensation and R&R: Number of people (%) who received compensation before the construction began; Number (%) of affected persons resettled during this period? % of EPs who have already received compensation and/or R&R assistance on time; Proper documentation of compensation and R&R assistances made over this period; Interval or time lag between approval of micro plan and the release of the fund.

• Trainings: Number of people/days that are provided with trainings on income generations, HIV/AIDs etc.

Six Monthly Independent Third Party Assessment

PIU & World Bank

Process indicators

• Staff: Number of staff and agencies involved for RAP & IPDP implementation; Adequacy of skill-mix and authority of staff involved.

• Consultation: Number of consultation meetings held; Number of grievances received and resolved during this period; Number of women participated in consultation meetings; Number of field visits by NGOs etc.

• Procedures: Effectiveness of compensation delivery system; Coordination between line agencies. If there is a time lag in LA process, how did it happen? Appropriate explanations and proposed interventions needed from the project authority should be presented.

• Reporting- On-time monthly and quarterly reporting.

• The report shall also provide opinions of PAF with regards to implementation of rehabilitation and resettlement plan. Both qualitative and quantitative data shall be included.

Output indicators

• LA: Area of private, community and public land acquired; Size of cultivated or uncultivated land? Number of people affected?

• Structures: Number, type, and size of private, public, and cultural structures impacted.


• Compensation and R&R: Number of people (%) who received compensation before the construction began; Number (%) of affected




To be submitted to

Input/ output


persons resettled during this period? % of EPs who have already received compensation and/or R&R assistance on time; Proper documentation of compensation and R&R assistances made over this period; Interval or time lag between approval of micro plan and the release of the fund.

• Trainings: Number of people/days that are provided with trainings on income generations, HIV/AIDs etc.

Twice a year Independent Third party Evaluation

PIU/ World Bank

Includes both process and output indicators

• Staff- number of staff dedicated to RAP & IPDP implementation; Adequacy of staff and their skills;

• Consultations- Is there adequate evidence of proper consultation being carried out with PAPs for R&R assistance? How well the consultations with community members are going in implementing RAP & IPDP?

• LA- Has the LA been carried out prior to civil works? Were there adequate compensation, processes, and documentation followed for LA, structures, trees, crops etc?

• R&R – Has the R&R been adequately and timely carried out for different types of losses?

• Gender- How well gender is mainstreamed? Is there adequate gender disaggregated data available?

• Grievance- Has the GRM been adequately functioning? Are the PAPs happy with the GRM mechanism?

• Sample survey-A sample survey shall be conducted to measure whether project affected persons economic situation have improved. This exercise should clearly spell out before and after economic conditions of the displaced households.

• Reporting—how well the monitoring reports- monthly, quarterly, and six-monthly-- have been submitted to relevant authorities?

At the end of project

Impact Evaluation- Independent

party

PIU/ World Bank

Includes both process and output indicators

• LA and R&R- % of PAPs who have more income now compared to their before LA status; Growth in market areas; Good practices and lessons learned on LA and R&R.

• Grievance- Success in conflict handling practices at different level of project implementation- Site Offices and PIU.

• Consultations- Change in community consultation practices/behavior; Improvement in institutional coordination/consultations.

• Gender- % increase in women’s participation in community meeting; % decrease in gender gap in education, health, employment status.

• Survey: A survey consisting both quantitative and




To be submitted to

Input/ output


qualitative will be applied, to verify or derive above mentioned information.

• Accountability—how adequately the monitoring reports have been submitted to relevant authorities?

13.2 Evaluation

The external agency engaged by the Project Authority shall carry out the evaluation at two stages viz., mid-term and after the completion of RAP & IPDP implementation. While the Mid-term Evaluation would focus on progress and suggest necessary course correction measures, the End term evaluation would assess the impacts and outcomes of the RAP & IPDP interventions and thereby achievement of the overall RAP & IPDP objective. The independent evaluation will focus on assessing whether the overall objectives of the project have been met and will use the defined impact indicators as a basis for evaluation. Specifically, the evaluation will assess:

i. the level of success (including the constraints and barriers) in land acquisition programme, resettlement plan, and income restoration of the PAPs after they have been displaced from the project affected area; and,

ii. the types of complaints/ grievances and the success of the handling of grievances and public complaints towards the construction of project’s infrastructures, means of redress for assets and lands and the amount of compensation, resettlement, and other forms of complaints.

The evaluation will be carried out under a set term of reference. The evaluation study would involve both quantitative and qualitative surveys and compare results before and after the implementation of the project. It may be noted that one of the key objectives of the project is improvement or at least restoration of economic status of the PAPs to the pre project level. It will focus on assessing whether the overall objectives of the project are being met and will use the defined impact indicators as a basis for evaluation. The evaluation study would undertake the following but not limited to:

Review monthly progress report submitted by RAP & IPDP Implementation Agency (RAP & IPDP IA);

Undertake consultations with PAPs in order to assess their point of view with regard to overall process;

Intensity and effectiveness of information dissemination with regard to RAP & IPDP implementation covering eligibility of different categories of PAPs, frequency of interactions by RAP & IPDP IA personnel with PAPs, deployment of RAP & IPDP IA staff, quality of rapport maintained by RAP & IPDP IA personnel with PAPs, capability of RAP & IPDP IA personnel, behavior of RAP & IPDP IA staff, availability of RAP & IPDP IA staff, level of satisfaction as regards the work of RAP & IPDP IA, etc;

Collect information about distribution of awareness generation materials, entitlements, distribution of identity cum entitlement card, adequacy of dissemination of information, consultations meetings with regard to policy and eligibility for entitlement, alternatives and relocation related issues, measurement and valuation of affected properties, understanding and use of grievance procedure, disbursement of assistance, and other R&R related issues, compliance of resettlement policy, etc;

Conduct sample survey (25% of PAPs) for making comparative analysis substantiated by qualitative surveys and case studies, etc.



13.3 Reporting

A Quarterly report will be submitted to the World Bank. Each quarterly report would also be uploaded on the PWD website. All six Monthly, Monitoring and Mid-term and End-term Evaluation reports shall be submitted to the World Bank for review.



Chapter 14 – Implementation Arrangement and Schedule

14.1 Introduction

Involuntary resettlement is a sensitive matter to deal with and therefore engagement of experienced RAP & IPDP Implementation Agency will be of utmost importance. Experience from projects involving resettlement issues indicates that good rapport with community in general and PAPs in particular help in smooth implementation. The implementation arrangement necessitates engagement of agency having experience in resettlement issues. Upgrading of project road involves land acquisition, dismantling of structures, shifting of CPRs, etc. from the proposed right-of-way. Scheduling of RAP & IPDP implementation is linked with construction works. The resettlement principles states that compensation and R&R assistances shall be paid before taking over the possession of land for clearing of proposed right-of-way. As per the standard conditions of civil contracts, land free from all encumbrances will be made available to the contractor after completion of the Land acquisition process including payment of compensation. Thus one of the pre-requisites for the start of the construction works is handing over site to the contactor. In the Project land acquisition is envisaged along the entire stretch. There are built up locations at Lalnutui, Lungrang, Rangte, Rualalung, where 104 structures and 26 common properties are to be dismantled and removed.. Disbursement of compensation and R&R assistance would have to be completed before issuing of notice for vacating the place. Mandatory notice period of two months would have to be synchronized with the disbursement and shifting. One of the activities in the process is submission of micro plan for approval and release of requisite funds. Based on the site conditions it is proposed that micro plan for all the structures to be affected can be prepared in three phases and submitted for approval so that certain encumbrance free section of the road can be handed for commencement of construction works. The proposed period for RAP & IPDP Implementation is 24 months considering the long rainy season prevalent in the project area and whole state. Approximately 6-7 months is not available for construction works. However RAP & IPDP implementation needs to be scheduled in a manner so that initial activities such as verification, measurement etc. can be completed during the dry period. The other activities such as preparation of micro plan, approval, disbursement and other necessary documentation can be completed during the rainy season. The mobilization of RAP & IPDP Implementation Agency is coordinated with the mobilization of the contractor so that progress of civil works is not affected. Given the extent of impacts on land and structures it is proposed that RAP & IPDP Implementation Agency is mobilized at site at least three months prior to mobilization of Civil Contractor at site. The contractor shall be asked to demarcate the land on the ground as per the design. Based on the demarcation, the Implementation Agency will verify the status of the project affected structures and other properties. Any likely inclusion & exclusion in the list of project affected households shall be initiated at this stage as per the established/defined procedure.

Important aspects are as under:

• Concept of passholders, unauthorized occupants, etc, • SMF with specific emphasis on entitlement matrix, • Stages of land acquisition as per applicable act and disbursement of compensation,



• Preparation of micro plan, • Payment of compensation and provision of assistances • Institutional arrangements, • Civil construction works vis-à-vis RAP & IPDP Implementation • Development of income restoration plan based on the survey carried out, • Identification of relocation site for displaced persons, if any, • Role of various other agencies particularly DRDA, Agriculture, Horticulture, Forests, PHED,

Other utility agencies, MSACS, etc.

14.2 Schedules for RAP & IPDP Implementation

The implementation of RAP & IPDP consists of following major activities:

• Deployment of required staffs (at PIU and Project road Level);

• Information dissemination activities by holding consultations, distributing leaflets containing salient features of SMF in Mizo language, etc,

• Finalizing list of PAPs identified by the Environment and Social Consultant during the project preparation as per the markings on the ground by the DPR consultant;

• Confirming the status of PAPs (LSC, Periodic Patta, Village Pass and unauthorized occupant);

• Listing and measurement of property and assets affected and their estimation;

• Preparation of micro plan,

• Preparation and distribution of identity card,

• Opening of bank account in case not having an account;

• Disburse of R&R assistance to PAPs,

• Relocation and rehabilitation of CPRs,

• Preparation for relocation of PAPs, if any, etc.

RAP & IPDP implementation activities to be carried and respective agencies likely to be involved are presented in Table 14.1. The implementation schedules lists and briefly describes the set of activities that are to be carried out.



Table 14.1 – Implementation Schedule of RAP & IPDP S.No. Activities Month wise

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 A Preparatory Activities

1. Collection and review of RAP &

IPDP Report & other relevant documents by the Contracted RAP & IPDP Agency

2. Initial site visit, rapport building

with community & district officials, establishment of site office

3. Orientation training of project

staff on the RAP & IPDP

4. Submission of Identification and

Verification Report

5

Establishment of GRC

B IEC and Awareness Campaign 6. Preparation and distribution of SMF

provisions and entitlements to PAPs

7. Organize awareness campaigns for

sharing information on RAP & IPDP

8. Rapport building through

participatory process

9. Consultation meetings with project

staff, contractors and labours

10. Develop messages and training

material for awareness on HIV/ AIDS in association with MSACS




1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

11. Organize awareness campaigns for construction labors on HIV/ AIDS and Malaria

C Land and Structure Valuation

12. Measurement & valuation of

land and structures (private /community etc.)

13 Photography of EPs for

distribution of entitlement- cum- identity Cards

D Micro Plans & Disbursement 14 Preparation of Micro Plans (Title

holders)

15. Opening of bank account, i f

required

16 Disbursement of entitlement

(compensation/ assistance)

17 Handing over of encumbrance free site

18 Holding of health awareness, checkup camps (prevention of malaria)

19 Information regarding jobs and provision of labor opportunities by Contractor with preference to vulnerable PAHs – Intermittently

E Rehabilitation Process

20 Livelihood analysis/options for PAPs




1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 21 Identification of training

Needs (Training Needs Assessment)

22 Formation of CIGs

23 Vocational, skill up gradation trainings based on the micro plans etc.

F Monitoring and Evaluation G Submission of Monthly Reports

and Implementation Completion Report

24 Submission of Inception and Monthly Progress Reports

25 Submission of Completion Report



Chapter 15 – Livelihood Restoration and Income Generation Plan

The Socio economic profile of the State, Social screening exercise and socio-economic survey of the PAPs impacted by the project indicates that the main sources of income in the project influence area are agriculture and small business enterprises. The population has limited capacity to benefit from the livelihood opportunities created under the development projects or any government sponsored program. One of the objectives of the RAP & IPDP will be to improve, or at least restore livelihood conditions of the PAPs at pre-project level. In other words, under the project the main focus of restoration and enhancement of livelihood will be to ensure that PAPs are able to “regain their previous living standards”. 15.1 Income Restoration Measures under the Project

The project will develop Income Generation opportunities for PAPs by linking to on-ongoing government schemes and other new activities. RAP & IPDP Implementation Agency shall support the PIU in developing feasible income generation activities for rehabilitation of PAPs. The RAP & IPDP Implementation Agency shall prepare PAP specific livelihood restoration plan. It will be in consultation with the PAPs and concerned line department officials to dovetail with existing programs. The implementation of livelihood restoration plans shall be initiated soon after receipt of compensation and R&R assistance amount for restoration of assets by the PAPs.

The entitlement matrix in the SMF provides for income restoration measures for those whose livelihoods are likely to be affected. Measures as included under the SMF are:

Loss of employment

Wage earners (workers/ employees within commercial units)

a) Economic Rehabilitation Grant (ERG) equivalent to twenty-five (25) days of Minimum Agricultural Wages (MAW) per month for a period of three months.

b) Work opportunities in the project construction work c) Rs. 20,000/- towards vocational/skill improvement as per

choice. Loss of Livelihood (losing commercial unit, losing agricultural land and with balance land below MEH)

Settlement Holder/ Periodic Patta holder/ Village Pass holder

a) Work opportunities in the project construction works. b) Rs. 20,000/- towards vocational/skill improvement as per

choice. The amount will cover daily stipend @MAW (directly payable to EP) for the duration of training and shall also cover costs towards boarding, lodging, transportation, etc.

15.2 Local Trade and Production Enhancement Plan

While the road sections proposed under the project are expected to facilitate trade across borders, these roads also seems to have the potential to boost local level trade and improving linkages of the villages in the interiors with the local and regional markets. As can be seen from Table 15.1, already 69 PAHs in project area have received various amounts under the New Land use Policy (NLUP). These amounts vary from Rs. 7000 up to 1.00 lakhs for various activities such as Carpentry, Fishery, Grape Plantation, Piggery, Petty Trade, Wet Rice Cultivation (WRC), etc. in addition to training.

Table 15.1 – PAHs covered under NLUP Benefits No. Amount (Rupees) Training Recd.

Broom 19 50000 - 88000 Yes Capacity 14 25000 - 85000 Yes Carpenter 02 10000 Yes Oil Palm 10 40000 - 50000 Yes



Table 15.1 – PAHs covered under NLUP

Benefits No. Amount (Rupees) Training Recd. Petty Trade 09 70000 - 100000 Yes Piggery 12 9940 - 40000 Yes Poultry 02 9750 - 100000 Yes Tin Smithy 01 70000 Yes

Total 69 Discussion with communities along the proposed road as well as public consultations suggests a potential negative impact on livelihoods due to shifting of roads (new alignment) from existing road alignment. Hence, in order to have better acceptance of the project, livelihood concerns of the villager may need to be addressed. The project intends to create benefit sharing arrangements with communities along the project roads and build capacity for increasing the production and trade potential of Project Affected Communities specifically and the residents of Mizoram more generally. Based on a rapid assessment of risks and opportunities, and strategy has been developed with the objective to make the community along the road as long term beneficiaries of the project. 15.3 Potential Options for Livelihood Support in the Project Area

Upliftment of rural economy being one of the main agenda of Rural Development Department (GoM), a number of schemes have been carried out in the past or still being implemented e.g. SGSY, NRLM, RERLP etc. However, due to insufficient amount of funds, besides poor accessibility to the project villages, it is lagging behind to achieve its goal. Supplementing these efforts with funds allocated for MSRP-II will enable better outreach and coverage and lead to positive effect on village economy. These activities are proposed to be implemented through Common Interest Group (CIG) in the project area for implementing Livelihood Support Programme. Though for most of the livelihood activities, SHGs might have been the obvious choice to work with, the analysis from CC road section suggests that none of the villages are saturated with SHGs (i.e. at least 70% households having at least one member as part of SHGs). This is further confirmed by the discussion with NERLP and MzSRLM project staffs as well as analysis of information from DRDA. As per the preliminary finding of MzSRLM and NERLP, the status of SHGs in the whole state is quite similar to that of these road sections and they are planning for large scale survey to ascertain the current status of SHGs in the state which may take at least couple of months. The existing information regarding SHGs are available as per the record of SGSY schemes (which was merged under the NRLM about two years ago), however there is no clear information on how many of these SHGs are functional.

Table 15.2 – Presence of SHGs in village en-route CC Road

Project Affected Villages As per NERLP Record*

As per SGSY Record*

Chhumkhum 3 1 Rangte 8 9 Lalnutui 1 Lungrang 2 4 Rualalung 4 2

Total SHGs 18 16



No. of households being members of SHGs 180 160

Average % of households as member of SHGs 38% 34%

Note: *Discussion from DRDA Lunglei and NERLP suggests that about 50% of these SHGs might be defunct.

Both MzSRLM and NERLP project is trying to first ascertain the status of SHGs and then to revive the defunct SHGs and form new ones to saturate (initially in their focus blocks only). However, this may take a long time and may not go in tandem with MSRP-II timeline. Also, it is unlikely that all the project affected households are members of SHGs. Hence, ‘Common Interest Groups (CIGs)’ with about 8-10 members each would be formed in consultation with Village Council to take up specific activities. These CIGs will elect their own Chairman and Secretary. For each of the CIG a bank account will be jointly opened and operated by the chairman of CIGs and the R&R Manager of PIU. Hence for implementation of livelihood activities CIG will be formed in consultation with Village Council. Based on careful considerations of each of the potential activities, the mandate of the PWD department (executing the road project), the complexity of implementation of the options, and the sustained effort that that may be required to make it viable, following activities have been selected. These include:

i. Construction of market sheds along the new road at a convenient location for each of the villages to sell their green products (i.e. vegetable and fruits) etc.

ii. Promotion of backyard poultry and piggery iii. Nursery for orange plantation iv. Organizing capacity building of the community institutions to take up the proposed activities

1. Construction of Market Sheds

Communities living in villages along the project roads have a lot of produce that they normally sell along the road side either in open, on the ground or in temporary structures, particularly to road users. Inadequate infrastructure such as a market shed poses a serious constraint to these communities in marketing their produce particularly as intermittent rain often spoil the produce and makes the items easily perishable. Construction of small market sheds for each of the villages at a convenient location along the proposed road will be an important supports that will help villagers sell their green produce mainly agricultural and fruit products. This is also one of the most demanded infrastructures that many villages look forward to in Mizoram and has been a common structure visible in many areas and are built under various government programs to provide local outlets for selling vegetable and fruits. While other government departments such as Rural Development Department, Horticulture Department and Agriculture Department construct rural market sheds for such vendors, their coverage is limited in view of the poor access to these project villages. Also with proposed widening and realignment, some existing sheds are likely to be impacted and would need relocation and other sheds would become defunct or dysfunctional as the road traffic would be diverted in light of the proposed design realignments/diversions. Additionally some new ones would be constructed. As the present project shall rehabilitate and upgrade the existing roads to 2 lane standards, improved connectivity and better access present an opportunity to provide this much needed infrastructure. Provision of a permanent market shed will prove highly beneficial to these village communities. This will not only supports the project affected individuals and families but also supports the village at large, and hence can bring better acceptance of the project.



Selection of site for Market sheds: These market sheds are proposed for 5 villages (i.e. Rangte, Lalnutui, Lungrang, Rualalung, Chawngte villages) in the Chhumkhum-Chawngte section. Selection of site for market shed will be done by PIU in consultation with Village Council for each of the village. All these sheds would be constructed or shifted within the available Govt. land or dump sites created by excavated material under the project.

Design of the Market Sheds: A typical type design for the market shed will be developed by the PIU. It will be about (33ft length x 11ft width) 360 sq.ft. in size to accommodate about 10 village vendors. In addition, the market shed is proposed to have a toilet and drinking water storage facility.

Scheduling construction of the Market Sheds: Construction of market shed will be done by PIU under the supervision of R&R Manager (who is further assisted by a Junior Engineer). The construction can be started soon after completion of formation cutting.

Key beneficiary: These market sheds are used by any member of the village and preference shall be given to PAPs. At any given point of time, it allows about 10 families to display their products for selling.

Management of the Market sheds: Soon after the completion of construction, PIU will hand over the market sheds to the Village Council of each village and the village council will allot seats to interested vendors. It is proposed that a “User Committee” will be formed under the Chairmanship of Village Council President. The User Committee will elect their Secretary every year. The User Committee in consultation with VCP will decide the user charges for the occupants (a minimum of Rs. 10 per vender per day). The Village Council will open a separate bank account to deposit the collected amount vide user charges. The account would be jointly operated by VCP and the Secretary of the User Committee. This fund will be used for future repair and maintenance of the market shed.

Associated Cost: A draft estimate of the cost is presented in Annexure 15.1 and about Rs. 8 Lakhs per market shed is apportioned (i.e. Rs. 40 lakhs under C-C road section for this activity) 2. Piggery and Backyard Poultry for Livelihood Improvement

Chicken, eggs and pork meat forms the regular diet among local population. Mizoram is net importer of eggs, chicken along with food grains, livestock and other products. It is common among rural Mizoram and in the project area that many households rear desi (local breed) chicken for their own consumption but rarely doing it commercially. Given huge local demand, small marketing effort may work to the benefit of the producer.



Key beneficiary: As there is a very high demand for meat products in Mizoram, livelihood activities such as Piggery and poultry would be taken up in select villages in the project affected villages with adequate and good quality assistance to beneficiary families.

No. of villages to be supported: 6 villages (Chhumkhum, Rangte, Lalnutui, Lungrang, Rualalung and Chawngte) in the CC road section.

Implementation mechanism and processes: Selection of beneficiaries will be done in consultation with Village Council to take up the activity. Preference shall be given to PAPs. A bank Account will be jointly opened and operated by the Village Council President and the R&R Manager. On an average about 40-50 beneficiaries per village i.e. one member from each of the beneficiary households will be supported through this.

Initially 60% of provisioned sum would be released to the beneficiaries to purchase piglets, chicks, construction of poultry sheds and pig-sty with the balance in two more instalments over the next 12 months period. The poultry shed and pig-sty will be made by the local materials such as bamboo and wood. Piglets and chicks will be bought from the local market in collective manner in consultation with Village Council. The support will be monitored and supervised jointly by R&R Manager and NGO Consultant.

Though it is a common knowledge among the villagers in the project area for rearing pigs and backyard poultry, a further training beneficiaries on improved upkeep methods will be conducted by calling resource persons from Department of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary from district offices.

Scheduling of Implementation: The implementation will start with initiation of the road project. The operations may mature over time the road is constructed and then it may provide opportunity to market produce in bigger towns such as Lunglei, Aizawl etc.

Associated Cost: Rs. 10 lakhs per village will be apportioned for this activity i.e. Rs. 60 lakhs under C-C road section for this activity. Rough Estimation of Cost Per Beneficiary

• Piglets/ Chicks – Rs. 7,000.00 per beneficiary • Pig-Sty/ Poultry shed – Rs. 8,000 • Feed and other recurring costs – Rs. 5,000 • Total Cost per individual unit – Rs. 20,000

3. Nursery for Orange Plantation

NLUP implementation in Mizoram is helping transform Mizoram from unproductive jhum (shifting) cultivation to systematic cultivation with improved technologies and have given huge scope for plantation in the state. The present trend in the state suggests increase in plantation as it is one of the most promising cash crops and viable alternative to jhuming. However, insufficient supply of saplings hampers initiative towards better methods of farming. Orange has been one of the most promising fruit productions in Mizoram and there has been a huge demand for orange samplings in the state for plantation. Hence In order to curb this problem, supply of quality saplings need to be increased manifolds so that the farms could get required amount of saplings at right time. Setting up nurseries will supplement the existing Government efforts to produce sufficient amount of saplings and will be truly beneficial for the community themselves.



Key beneficiary: The interested residents (only one from each household) of the project village will be identified and a CIG will be formed in each of the select village to take up the activity. However, preference will be given to PAPs.

No. of villages to be supported: 5 villages (Rangte, Lalnutui, Lungrang, Rualalung, Chawngte-L) in the CC road section.

Implementation mechanism and processes: CIGs will be formed in consultation with Village Council based on number of interested beneficiaries to take up the activity. Preference shall be given to PAPs. A bank Account will be jointly opened and operated by the Chairman of CIGs and the R&R Manager. Initially 60% of the fund will be released to the CIG for land development, construction of nursery shed (net based), providing irrigation tanks and channels, purchase of seeds, and provision of manure and other inputs. The balance of the fund will be split into two equal instalments (20% in each instalment) and would be released at the end of first year and second year. The works will be supervised and monitored jointly by NGO consultant and the R&R Manager.

Training and technical support will be provided through resource persons from Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) and Divisional Horticulture Office at district level from Lunglei.

Scheduling of Implementation: The implementation will start with initiation of the road project. Growing orange sapling has a 16 month gestation period for initial saplings and requires another year for hardening before plantation. It requires close monitoring with labour inputs in provision of irrigation and cleaning of weeds and grasses during the gestation period.

Associated Cost: Rs. 4 lakhs per village for one CIG will be apportioned for this activity (i.e. Rs. 20 Lakhs under C-C road section under this activity) Rough Estimation of Cost Per Unit

• Construction of net based nursery sheds - for seed growing and for poly bag plans (300 sqmt x 2 sheds) – Rs. 40,000

• Land Development and manure etc – Rs. 50,000 • Irrigation Tank and channels – Rs. 50,000 • Nursery equipments and other accessories – Rs. 10,000 • Quality Seed – Rs. 20,000 • Labour (including irrigation and weeding etc for 16 months) – Rs. 200,000 • Medium and Polly bags – Rs. 30,000 • Total per unit cost – Rs. 400,000 + Training and technical support

Over a 16 month period this will produce about 10,000 saplings 15.4 Institutional Mechanism

As mentioned above, at community level, Common Interest Groups (CIGs) will be formed to take up specific activities in each of the project villages in consultation with Village Council and will open and operate a joint a/c with R&R Manager. Funds will be allocated in the Project for these production and trade promotion activities. PWD-PIU shall take lead in coordinating with the Department of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Rural Development and Department of Trade and Commerce to develop a detailed Plan and budget estimates for specific activities to be supported under the project.



PWD-PIU will be directly implementing all livelihood support programme and will take necessary support from respective Government departments and institutions such as KVIB, Department of Horticulture, Department of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary, Mizoram Handloom and Handicrafts Development Corporation Limited, Department of Rural Development, and Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) of Lunglei to provide necessary training and technical support to beneficiary groups through calling resource persons from the departments for specific activities. NGO consultant at PIU and R&R Manager will have the overall responsibility to implement the livelihood support programme and will report to the Project Director-PIU. Capacity building and training of CIGs and beneficiary members will be done in all project affected villages under the proposed road. An adequate fund will be apportioned for the same. This will be supervised and monitored jointly by NGO consultant and the R&R Manager. About Rs. 6 lakhs will be apportioned for the capacity building under the C-C road.



Chapter 16 – Gender Plan

16.1 Introduction

The Mizo society in pre-modern times was strictly based on what is known as an extreme patriarchal society. Being regarded inferior, women practically had no say in both private and public life. Women therefore, had no opportunities to go beyond the scope of the domestic sphere and it was only men who controlled and dominated the entire public sphere. However, as most of these social evil practices had been abolished after the gradual acceptance of modern ideas, the society is by custom a patriarchal Society but women have been enjoying a much better position or no discrimination on grounds of sex as compared to the pre-modern Mizo society. Mizoram has the highest GDI value and is placed in the first rank among the north eastern states. The gender gap in literacy rate in Mizoram is lower (4.32) than that of the national literacy rates of 16.68% in the year 2011. But gender gap in enrolment at higher education was relatively lower in Mizoram (2.6%) when compared to all India average (3.2%). Female work participation rate is one of the indicators of employment status of women. The gender differential in employment taking the difference in male and female work participation rates of rural and urban areas in Mizoram is 15.3% and 20.3% respectively. Sex ratio for Mizoram (975) is significantly higher than that of the national average (940). Women’s political participation as elected women members in Legislative Assembly is negligible as in the past only once a single woman was elected as a Member in 2005. As elsewhere in Mizoram, women can be seen working all along the project roads. In fact a lot of shops are run and managed by women. Men are mainly engaged in more laborious work and jobs like taxi drivers, car/scooter mechanics, working in the fields etc. Women are respected for the most part and maintain equal standing with men. Smoking and chewing tobacco is very common among Mizo women. There is no restriction on dressing, makeup and movement of women anywhere in the state. Divorces are common but so are re-marriages. Though major decisions are mainly taken by the male members of the house but Mizos take genuine pride in gender equality.

The socio economic profile the Lunglei district and project affected households reveal significant gender gap in literacy, sex ratio, work force participation and access to basic facilities. Low awareness level coupled with insignificant role in decision making at household and community level further poses constraints for women and other vulnerable groups to access the opportunities created by the project equitably.

Like in many other infrastructure projects, this project is also likely to have differential impact on women and other vulnerable groups. For example, changes caused by relocation would not have equal implications for members of both sexes and may result in greater inconvenience to women. Due to disturbance in production systems, reduction in assets like land and livestock, women and marginalized and vulnerable groups may have to face additional challenge of running a household on limited income and resources. This may force women as well as children to participate in involuntary work to supplement household income, which may also lead to deteriorate social network of women and men alike hence making them more vulnerable to both social and environmental hazards. It is therefore important to assess status of project affected women, their potential impacts, and accordingly, design an appropriate strategy.



16.2 Potential Project Impacts on Women

Based on the survey of the 373 PAHs, it was recorded that the project shall impact 47.55% (825) female PAPs including 21 Women headed households. During preliminary interactions majority of women revealed that they had decision making powers on issues related to financial matters, health, and property, purchase of assets and children’s education. Involvement of women is foreseen in the project, especially during the construction and operation stages. 16.3 Women Involvement in Project Preparation and Implementation

Participation of women has been envisaged in various stages of the project, specifically in the following areas: • Each field team of the RAP & IPDP Implementation Agency will include at least one women

investigator/facilitator. • Compensation for land and assets lost being same for all the affected or displaced families, special

care would be taken by the RAP & IPDP Implementation Agency for women group while implementing the process of acquisition and compensation.

• It is imperative that the project implementation unit ensures that the women are consulted and invited to participate in group-based activities, to gain access and control over the resource as part of the RAP & IPDP.

• The RAP & IPDP Implementation Agency will make sure that women are actually taking part in issuance of identity cards, opening accounts in the bank, receiving compensation amounts by cheques in their name.

• Assistances would be provided to women as a vulnerable group in creating alternative livelihood for them to ensure their sustainable socio-economic uplift.

• The implementing agencies would provide trainings for upgrading the skill in the alternative livelihoods and assist throughout till the beneficiaries start up with production and business.

• To improve the economic status of women, existing women self-help groups shall be assisted in each of the village affected by the project. These groups can then be linked to special development schemes of the Government.

• During monitoring and evaluation, there would be scope for women’s participation. Monitoring of project inputs concerning benefit to women would involve their participation that will make the process more transparent to them. Women would be encouraged to evaluate the project outputs from their point of view and their useful suggestions would be noted for taking necessary actions.

16.4 Involvement of Women in Construction Activities

A limited number of high-skilled labor forces will be required for the construction activities. The requirement of un-skilled labor forces will be met from the project influence area. Majority of un-skilled labor forces will be from the local area. It is important to mention that seasonal migration from the project influence area to other states take place for employment. Employment in road construction works will be taken by both men and women. Local labor forces are not likely to stay in labor camps as majority of them will be commuting from their home. Whereas women members of the skilled and semi-skilled laborers will be staying in the construction camps and some of them will also be directly/indirectly involved in the construction. The families of these labor forces include their children also. There will be involvement of local women also in the local labor force. Foreseeing the involvement of women both directly and indirectly in the construction activities, certain provisions have been made for the welfare of women and children, in particular during the road construction work.



16.5 Provisions for Women in Construction Camp

Provisions for women in the construction camps include temporary housing, health care facilities, day-crèche facilities, appropriate scheduling of construction works. Details are presented in ensuing paragraphs and also in section 16.7.

• Temporary Housing - Families of laborers /workers shall be provided suitable accommodation during the construction work at labor camp site. The size of the room shall be as per the standard. In case of non-availability of standards, a design for the same will be prepared by the contractor. The design will be duly approved by the construction supervision consultant. Rooms for such families will be constructed as per the approved design.

• Health Centre - Health problems of the workers shall be taken care of by providing basic health-care' facilities through health centers temporarily set up for the construction camp. The health centre shall have at least a visiting doctor, nurses, general duty staff, free medicines and minimum medical facilities to tackle first-aid requirements or minor accidental cases, linkage with nearest higher order hospital to refer patients of major illnesses and critical cases. The health centre should have MCW (Mother and Child Welfare) units for treating mothers and children in the camp. Apart from this, the health centre shall provide with regular vaccinations required for children.

• Day Crèche Facilities - It is expected that among the women workers there will be mothers with infants and small children at the construction site. Provision of a day crèche may solve the problems of such women who can leave behind their children in such crèche and work for the day in the construction activities. The crèche should be provided with at least a trained ICDS (Integrated Child Development Scheme) worker with 'ayahs' to look after the children. The ICDS worker, preferably women, may take care of the children in a better way and can manage to provide nutritional food (as prescribed in ICDS and provided free of cost by the government) to them. In cases of emergency, she, being trained, can tackle the health problems of the children and can organize treatment linking the nearest health centre.

• Scheduling of Construction Works - Owing to the demand of a fast construction work it is expected that a 24 hours- long work schedule would be in operation. Women shall be exempted from night shifts.

The Civil Works Contractor shall be responsible for the above interventions. The budget for various facilities for women in construction camps as stated above have been provision and included in the bid document [refer Clause 111 on Precautions for safeguarding the environment, Technical Specifications in the Bid Document, which comply with (i) Factory Act 1948; (ii) Building and Other Construction Act (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Services) Act, 1996; (iii) Contractor (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970] and respective Environmental Management Plans (EMPs). 16.6 Women role in Implementation and Evaluation of RAP & IPDP

Involvement of women in the implementation and evaluation of RAP & IPDP is envisaged as given below:

Implementation of RAP & IPDP: The services of RAP & IPDP Implementation agency will be procured to implement the RAP & IPDP. It is proposed that the quality to be considered and/or selected for such contracts, the RAP & IPDP Implementation Agency must fulfill the following conditions.

• That the RAP & IPDP Implementation Agency must propose at least one woman as part of the key personnel. The proposed women key person shall be available to work at site for at least 50% of the duration of the contract.



• That the women key persons, if selected for the contract, may be replaced during the period of

contract, only with women key persons of equivalent or better qualifications and experience. • That the RAP IA will depute a 'technical/sub-professional' team to work at the site, which will

consist at least 33% of women members. Junior support personnel and administrative staff will not be considered as technical/professional.

Evaluation of RAP & IPDP: Mid and end term evaluation of the RAP & IPDP component will be carried out by the external agency engaged by the PIU, PWD. It will be ensured that the external agency engaged to carry out monitoring and evaluation have at least one woman member as part of the team. 16.7 Measures for Controlling STD and AIDS

One of the unintended consequences of any road construction project is that it also provides ample opportunities for a closer inter-phase of mobile population with the local community as most transport and infrastructure projects attract migrant and unskilled labor to project sites. These road construction workers, mostly men, are separated from their partners and families for prolonged periods of time, increasing their susceptibility to engage in risk behaviors. This could potentially lead to interactions between the existing groups practicing high risk behaviors and the road sector workforce.

In addition, there are also probability of links between the local communities and the workforce which could potentially include increased risk of HIV among road sector workers and communities along the roadways. Hence, the opportunity is being seized to intervene early and prevent further spread of HIV in the area. Local organizations like, Young Mizo Association, MHIP, Truck Owners Associations etc shall be involved in generating awareness among workers and communities along the roadways.

As of March 2013, there are 7,850 HIV positive cases in Mizoram. Of the total HIV positive cases, males comprise 63%. About 92.5% of the HIV positive cases belong to the age group of 15 to 49. Children less than 14 years of age account for 4% of the total HIV positive cases, while 50 years and above comprise 3.76% of the total HIV positive cases. Among children of less than 14 years of age, females constitute 51.4%. HIV infection among pregnant woman in the state was 0.47 per cent during 2012, according to the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO). Altogether 306 people with full-blown AIDS have died in Mizoram since 1990Solitary adult males usually dominate the labor force of construction camps. They play a significant role in spreading sexually transmitted diseases. In the construction camps as well as in the neighboring areas they are found to indulge in physical relations with different women. This unhealthy sexual behavior gives rise to STDs and AIDS. While it is difficult to stop such activities, it is wise to make provisions for means of controlling the spread of such diseases.

The following approach shall be adopted to prevent spread of HIV in project area. • Sensitization of Gate Keepers to get a buy-in and to mobilize their involvement: A key priority of

the program shall focus on sensitizing stakeholders at each level especially the Clients- PIU, Contractors-management and Supervision Consultants. This should lead to increased level of awareness among the gate keepers and further generate supportive attitudes and create an enabling environment to implement HIV prevention programs among the target population.

• Interventions will be built around existing health service structures: The project interventions will be built around existing health service structures already in place. Support will be sought from the Mizoram State AIDS Control Society (MSACS), Technical Support Units (TSU), District AIDS Prevention and Control Units (DAPCU) and People Living with HIV (PLHIV) network to plan and implement the program effectively. The involvement of the mainstreaming division from MSACS will also bring in the needed technical support and guidance to the project.



• Program to be guided by the ‘Contract Clause: In the contract issued to the contractor “the

contractors according to the contract clause will be responsible to create an enabling environment for their workforce to avail HIV prevention services. The contractor would provide Leadership – from all levels to ensure effective program implementation, allocate time to conduct prevention education sessions for their workforce and build an environment of trust and non-discrimination.



Chapter 17 – Resettlement Budget

17.1 Resettlement Budget

The resettlement budget comprise estimated value of compensation for land, structures, trees, various resettlement assistances, cost of CPRs, institutional cost, contingency, hiring of RAP IA for RAP implementation, HIV/AIDS awareness generation, capacity building, External monitoring and evaluation consultant, etc. The total resettlement cost for the project road is estimated at about Rs. 46.93 Crores including land cost (See Table 17.4) The resettlement and rehabilitation budget has been estimated based on the information, data collected from field and other reliable sources. The budget will be updated and adjusted as per the market rate of various items as the project continues. The compensation amount for the acquisition of land, structures, trees etc will be determined by the SLAO of the project as per the applicable LA Act. In addition, PAPs will be entitled to R&R assistance in accordance with the provisions in the SMF. Differential amount between replacement value and compensation amount will be fixed by the Special Committee constituted by the government and shall be paid by the project as Assistance. The resettlement budget is indicative and has been estimated as per the present rate.

Table 17.1 – Compensation Budget Sl. No. Items Unit Area/ No.

Cost / unit Amount in Rs. (in Rs.)

Compensation 1 Land Hectare 68.442 699653 47885651 2 Structure

i Pucca Sq.mtr 5717.38 30000 171521400 ii Semi Pucca Sq.mtr 3721.14 7500 27908550

iii Kutcha/Thatched Sq.mtr 4146.26 2500 10365650

3 a) Common Property Resources (Structures) Sq.mtr 1894.537 7500 14209027.5

b) Common Property Resources (Structures) No. 4 LS 1100000

4 Trees &crops 110500 28980642 Sub-Total 301970920

Structure (Pucca and Semi-pucca) cost/unit as per as per PWD SoR 2013



Table 17.2 – Resettlement and Rehabilitation Assistance Budget

Sl. No. Items Unit Total

Units Cost / unit in

Rs. Amount in

Rs.

1

Assistance for loss of cultivable land (Settlement, Periodic Patta & Village Pass Holder) Resettlement Allowance No. 273 50000 13650000 Subsistence Grant at Rs. 3000 per month for six months No. 273 18000 4914000

Severance of Cultivable land - additional grant of 10% shall be paid over and above amount paid for compensation (Only for Settlement Holders)

Hectare 8.29 699653 580012

2

Assistance for loss of non-agricultural vacant land (Settlement, Periodic Patta & Village Pass Holder) Resettlement Allowance No. 100 50000 5000000 Subsistence Grant at Rs. 3000 per month for six months No. 100 18000 1800000

3

Structure (Residential, Commercial, Res-cum-Comm excluding farm houses and Jhum huts) - (Settlement, Periodic Patta & Village Pass Holder) Additional assistance equivalent to 25% of replacement cost for repair/restoration of structure for partially affected structure remaining viable

No. 67 35140763

For displaced persons who structure becomes unviable

Subsistence Grant at Rs. 3000 per month for 12 months No. 37 36000 1332000

Resettlement Allowance No. 37 150000 5550000

Transportation cost No. 37 50000 1850000 Lump sum for reestablishing basic facilities No. 37 7500 277500

4 Loss of Cattle Shed, poultry shed Assistance for loss of cattle shed, poultry shed sq.mtr 91.78 259.46 23813

5

Assistance to Tenant (Residential, Commercial and Res-Comm Structure)

Subsistence Grant for displaced families equivalent to Rs. 3000/month for a period of 1 year

No. 33 36000 1188000

Lump sum Shifting Allowance No. 33 15000 495000

6

Loss of Employment (Wage earners, workers/ employees) Economic Rehabilitation Grant equivalent to 25 days of MAW for a period of 3 months

No. 0 18750 0

Training Cost for vocation skill improvement No. 0 10000 0

7 Loss of livelihood Provision of vocation training No. 273 20000 5460000

8 Additional amount for vulnerable group (Settlement, Periodic Patta & Village Pass Holder) One time financial assistance as Economic Rehabilitation Grant No. 168 25000 4200000

9 Loss of Access



Provision of access steps, footpaths not exceeding 250 sq.mtr Sq.mtr 2500 5500 13750000

Sub-Total 95211088

Table 17.3 - RAP & IPDP Implementation Budget Sl. No. Items Cost Amount in

Rs. 1 Institutional Cost (RAP & IPDP IA) Lump sum 8000000 2 Awareness on HIV/AIDS Lump sum 3000000 3 Capacity building of executing agency Lump sum 2500000 4 Cost of External M&E agency Lump sum 2500000 5 Dissemination of project information and project progress by

PIU Lump sum 900000

6 Livelihood support Lump sum 12600000 Sub-total 29500000

Table 17.4 - Consolidated RAP & IPDP Implementation Budget Chhumkhum to Chawngte Road S. No. Item Amount (Rs.)

1 Compensation for all impacted assets 301970920

2 Assistances 95211088

3 RAP & IPDP Administration (RAP & IPDP Implementation, HIV/Aids Awareness, M&E, Training and capacity Building, Information Dissemination)

29500000

Total 426682008 4 Contingency 10% 42668201

Grand Total 469350209 Rounded off 46.93 Crores



Annexure 6 Socio-Economic Tables

Table 6.10 – Sources of loan

Sources of loan No. % Bank 47 92.2

Other Institution/ NGO 1 2.0 Others 3 5.9 Total 51 100.0

Table 6.11 – Purposes of loan Purpose of loan No. %

Productive investment 27 52.9

Purchase of consumer durables 3 5.9

Meeting emergency needs 3 5.9 Education 6 11.8

Multiple purposes 1 2.0 Others 11 21.6 Total 51 100.0

Table 6.12 – Ownership of cattle, poultry, pigs Livestock & Poultry Households No.

Pig 131 316 Poultry 114 1846

Cow/ Ox/ Buffalo 14 82



Table 6.13 - PAHs Covered under NLUP

Benefits No. Amount (Rupees) Training Recd. Bamboo 1 100000 Carpentry 5 20000 to 120000 Yes Coffee 1 80000 Fishery 11 50000 to 100000 Yes Grape plantation 10 10000 to 100000 Yes Hill Cattle 2 100000 Yes Mithun 1 100000 Petty Trade 8 10000 to 100000 Yes Piggery 9 10000 to 100000 Yes Poultry 3 10000 to 20000 Yes WRC & WRC II 23 10000 to 120000 Yes Rice mill 1 20000 Yes Silk worm 1 40000 Yes Orange plantation 2 30000 to 100000 Yes Vety 1 100000 Yes Coffee plantation 2 60000 Yes Others 1 20000 Yes

Total 82

Table 6.14 – Distribution Project Affected Household by source of fuel Fuel used No. % Firewood 15 3.1

LPG Cylinder 391 80.5 LPG Cylinder, Firewood 15 3.1

NA 65 13.4 Total 486 100.0

Table 6.15 – Distribution Project Affected Household by source of lighting Source of Lighting No. %

Electricity 417 85.8

Electricity & other sources 4 0.8

NA 65 13.4 Total 486 100.0

Table 6.16 – Distribution of Project Affected Household by type of toilet facilities Type of toilet facility No. %

Community Toilet 1 0.2 Flush/Pucca Toilet 391 80.5



Type of toilet facility No. %

Kutcha/Pit 29 6.0 NA 65 13.4

Total 486 100.0

Table 6.17 - Distribution of Project Affected Household by source of water Sources of Water No. %

Hand pump 3 0.6 PHED Supply water 310 63.8

Stream/Pond 91 18.7 Well 17 3.5 NA 65 13.4

Total 486 100.0

Table 6.18 - Distribution of Project Affected Household by availability of bathing facility Bathing facility No. %

Within house premises 383 78.8 Outside house premises 38 7.8

NA 65 13.4 Total 486 100.0



Annexure 7.1_List of PAHs structures Project Affected Households (Structure)

Sl. No. Place Name of Affected

Person Owner/ Tenant

Affected Area (sqm)

Type of structure affected

Sex Age Marital Status Education Occupation

1 Lalnutui Hengoti Owner 44.5 Semi-pucca M 40 Married II Farmer 2 Lalnutui Lalsnagliana Owner 30.7 Semi-pucca M 32 Married VI Farmer

3 Lalnutui Hmingachungnunga Owner 35.0 Kutcha M 28 Married V Farmer

4 Lalnutui Thanghrima Owner 15.5 Kutcha M 53 Married XII Farmer 5 Lalnutui M Lalremsanga Owner 12.4 Semi-pucca M 23 Married IX Farmer 6 Lalnutui Remruata Owner 223.0 Semi-pucca M 36 Married VII Farmer 7 Lalnutui K Lalhmahruaia Owner 7.5 Kutcha M 30 Married X Farmer 8 Lalnutui Haria Owner 6.2 Kutcha M 56 Married V Farmer 9 Lalnutui Raja Laldinthara Owner 6.2 Kutcha M 50 Single V 10 Lalnutui Lianhranga Owner 7.5 Kutcha M 59 Single IV Farmer 11 Lalnutui Lalthankunga Owner 3.7 Kutcha M 35 Married XII Farmer 12 Lalnutui K Lalrinzuala Owner 204.4 Kutcha M 40 Married IX Farmer 13 Lalnutui Lalfinga Owner 25.4 Semi-pucca M 35 Married IX Farmer 14 Lalnutui Englawma Owner 12.4 Kutcha M 46 Married VIII Farmer 15 Lalnutui Lalherliana Owner 36.0 Kutcha M 32 Married VIII Farmer 16 Lalnutui Neihvawra Owner 31.7 Kutcha M 59 Married III Farmer 17 Lalnutui C Lallawmkimi Owner 7.7 Kutcha F 40 Single BA Farmer 18 Lalnutui Lalramnuama Owner 40.0 Kutcha M 25 Married V Farmer 19 Lalnutui Zoramthangi Owner 27.0 Kutcha F 55 Widow II Farmer 20 Lalnutui Lianchungnunga Owner 27.0 Kutcha F 42 Widow VIII Farmer 21 Lalnutui Lalruatkima Owner 4.6 Pucca M 26 Married V Farmer 22 Lalnutui Dinomon Owner 336.0 Kutcha M 45 Married II Farmer 23 Lalnutui Arun Laltanpuia Owner 3.1 Semi-pucca M 40 Married III Farmer 24 Lalnutui Robata Owner 15.5 Kutcha M 35 Married IX Cultivator 25 Lalnutui Mokuna Owner 80.0 Kutcha M 50 Married V Farmer 26 Lalnutui Vanlalmawii Owner 56.0 Kutcha F 27 Married HSLC Teacher

27 Lalnutui Vanlalchungnunga Owner 28.0 Kutcha M 15 Single X Student

28 Lalnutui Vanlalthanmawia Owner 800.0 Semi-pucca M 40 Married HSLC Farmer 29 Lalnutui R. Lalrinzuala Owner 4176.0 Kutcha M 36 Married IV Farmer 30 Lalnutui Jerry Lalkroshlua Owner 30.0 Kutcha M 30 Married VI Farmer 31 Lalnutui K. Laldingliana Owner 24.0 Kutcha M 51 Married V Farmer 32 Lalnutui Lalhlima Owner 40.0 Kutcha M 19 Single - Farmer

33 Lalnutui Lalbeli Owner 56.3 Semi-pucca F 60 Widowe

r II Farmer 34 Lalnutui Lalnunmawia Owner 80.0 Semi-pucca M 52 Married - Farmer 35 Lalnutui P.C. Lalfakzuala Owner 2400.0 Semi-pucca M 51 Married VI Farmer 36 Lalnutui Lalthanzuali Owner 18.9 Kutcha F 38 Married V Farmer 37 Lalnutui Biaknunga Owner 125.0 Kutcha M 34 Married VIII Farmer 38 Lungrang 'S' Lalsiama Owner 16.0 Pucca M 38 Married 3 Farmer 39 Lungrang 'S' Ramengi Owner 12.0 Pucca F 48 Married IX Farmer 40 Lungrang 'S' F.Lalrina Owner 71.3 Pucca M 52 Married VII Farmer 41 Lungrang 'S' Hmangaihzauva Owner 37.5 Pucca M 38 Married VI Farmer 42 Lungrang 'S' Vanlalpeka Owner 56.8 Pucca M 32 Married IX Farmer 43 Lungrang 'S' Lalthanzauva Owner 37.5 Pucca M 54 Married VII Farmer 44 Lungrang 'S' C.Lalbuatsaiha Owner 32.0 Kutcha M 28 Married IX Farmer



Sl. No. Place Name of Affected

Person Owner/ Tenant

Affected Area (sqm)

Type of structure affected Sex

Age Marital Status Education Occupation

45 Lungrang 'S' Malsawmtluanga Owner 80.0 Pucca M 60 Married VII Farmer 46 Lungrang 'S' Poite Kumar Owner 16.0 Kutcha M 56 Single IX Farmer 47 Rangte V. Biaksanga Owner 35.2 Pucca M 55 Married VIII Farmer 48 Rangte Dengthanga Owner 31.5 Pucca M 41 Married V Farmer 49 Rangte Lalchungnunga Owner 30.7 Pucca M 30 Married VII Farmer 50 Rangte H.C Rualkhuma Owner 26.0 Semi-pucca M 63 Married VI Farmer 51 Rangte Jonathana Owner 20.3 Pucca M 22 Single V Farmer 52 Rangte Pawlsanga Owner 20.7 Pucca M 46 Married V Farmer 53 Rangte Lalthlirzuala Owner 19.1 Semi-pucca M 35 Married VII Farmer 54 Rangte Parmawii Owner 49.5 Pucca M 55 Widow III Farmer 55 Rangte HC.Zunsanga Owner 33.5 Semi-pucca M 48 Married VI farmer 56 Rangte Lawmngeni Owner 7.4 Pucca F 53 Widow - farmer 57 Rangte Lalmuankimi Owner 24.4 Kutcha F 35 Married IV farmer 58 Rangte T.Lalremruata Owner 15.9 Semi-pucca M 39 Married HSSLC farmer 59 Rangte A.Nghakthara Owner 20.5 Pucca M 49 Married Vi farmer 60 Rangte Piansungi Owner 20.7 Kutcha F 51 Widow VI farmer 61 Rangte J.Zothanpuii Owner 23.0 Pucca M 47 Single BA M/S teacher 62 Rangte Alkhama Owner 22.9 Pucca M 83 Married III farmer 63 Rangte K.Lalhriatpuia Owner 15.1 Pucca M 38 Married IX farmer 64 Rangte Lalhmachhuana Owner 16.8 Pucca M 49 Married HSSLC farmer 65 Rangte V.Rosanga Owner 20.8 Kutcha M 60 Married HSLC teacher 66 Rangte V.Lallawma Owner 36.2 Semi-pucca M 55 Single I Cultivator 67 Rangte Rotuahkhawla Owner 3.0 Semi-pucca M 45 Married IV Cultivator 68 Rangte H. Biakmawia Owner 48.0 Semi-pucca M 60 Married VI Cultivator 69 Rangte Hermawia Owner 47.0 Semi-pucca M 49 Married VII Cultivator 70 Rangte V.Thlanchhunga Owner 64.0 Kutcha M 55 Married VII Cultivator 71 Rangte Lalramkimi Owner 24.1 Semi-pucca F 40 Widow III Cultivator 72 Rangte Vanlalzuala Owner 78.4 Semi-pucca M 45 Married VII Cultivator 73 Rangte Rolawmzuala Owner 25.4 Kutcha M 35 Married VI Cultivator 74 Rangte Rammuana Owner 52.9 Semi-pucca M 38 Married VII Cultivator 75 Rualalung Vanlaltluanga Owner 40.2 Pucca M 53 Married VI Cultivator 76 Rualalung Saichhungi Owner 13.6 Pucca F 36 single VI Business 77 Rualalung F.Lalrotluanga Owner 79.3 Pucca M 56 married VI Cultivator 78 Rualalung S.Lalremruata Owner 40.2 Pucca M 35 married VII Cultivator 79 Rualalung R.Lalthansanga Owner 40.2 Pucca M 40 Married BA Teacher 80 Rualalung Gulbahadur Owner 11.5 Pucca M 65 single I Cultivator 81 Rualalung S.Ngurthanpari Owner 74.2 Pucca F 50 single V Cultivator 82 Rualalung C.Lalremliana Owner 15.0 Semi-pucca M 52 Married IX Cultivator 83 Rualalung Rodaia Owner 82.5 Semi-pucca M 77 Married III Cultivator 84 Rualalung T.LALNUNZIRA Owner 20.0 Pucca M 48 Married VI Cultivator

85 Rualalung TBC LALRAMLIANA Owner 89.3 Pucca M 34 Married CL-VIII Carpenter

86 Rualalung H.ROBULA Owner 24.8 Pucca M 42 Married CL-VI Cultivator

87 Rualalung NGURLALZAUVA SAILO Owner 32.0 Pucca M 64 Single CL-VI Cultivator

88 Rualalung LALNUNHLUA Owner 40.3 Pucca M 42 Married CL-VI Cultivator 89 Rualalung B.THANZAUVA Owner 60.0 Pucca M 61 Married CL-VI Carpenter

90 Rualalung

JOHNY LALKHAWLIANA

Owner 800.0 Pucca M 42 Married MA Headmaster

91 Rualalung LUNGHNEMI Owner 56.0 Pucca F 64 Single CL-III Cultivator



Sl. No. Place

Name of Affected Person

Owner/ Tenant

Affected Area (sqm)

Type of structure affected Sex Age

Marital Status Education Occupation

92 Rualalung LALHMUNSIAMA Owner 56.0 Pucca M 39 Married CL-VII Cultivator

93 Rualalung ZADINGI Owner 923.0 Pucca F 75 Widow CL-III Cultivator

94 Rualalung LALNUNZAUVA Owner 36.0 Pucca M 35 Married CL-IX Cultivator

95 Rualalung B.VANLALTHANGA Owner 84.0 Pucca M 54 Married CL-IX Cultivator

96 Rualalung ZAKHUMA Owner 115.0 Pucca M 52 Married CLVII Cultivator

97 Rualalung ZOTHANMAWIA Owner 71.3 Pucca M 50 Married CL-VI Cultivator

98 Rualalung K.V.LUIMAWIA Owner 576.0 Pucca M 37 Married CL-IX Cultivator 99 Rualalung V.L.RIMAWIA Owner 195.0 Pucca M 63 Married CL-VI Cultivator

100 Rualalung B.VANLALVENA Owner 72.0 Kutcha M 48 Married CL-VII Cultivator



Annexure 7.2 - List of PAHs Land List of landowners affected

SL. No Place Father’s/ Mother's Name Cert/Pass# Affected Area

(ha)

1 Lalnutui Biakzukia 36 of 2013 0.216

2 Lalnutui Lalchhuanmawia 98 of 2013 0.320

3 Lalnutui Onondo Kumar 84 of 2013 0.240

4 Lalnutui Lalzuia 39/2013 0.035

5 Lalnutui Lalzuia 40 of 2013 0.022

6 Lalnutui Thanghrima 119/9/1980 0.724 7 Lalnutui K.Laldingliana 101/2013 0.014 8 Lalnutui C.Buzika - 0.180 9 Lalnutui Khamliana 97/2013 0.194

10 Lalnutui - 210411/10/119 of 2004 0.216 11 Lalnutui - 210411/10/140 of 2008 0.560 12 Lalnutui - 210411/10/08 of2008 0.106 13 Lalnutui Lamkunga 210411/10/20 of 2004 0.015 14 Lalnutui Thanghrima 210411/10/17 of 2004 0.144 15 Lalnutui - 210411/10/120 of 2008 0.108 16 Lalnutui Lalthianghlima 210411/10/03 of 2004 0.592 17 Lalnutui Lalchungnunga 210411/10/22 of 2004 0.468 18 Lalnutui Lalzuia 34/2013 0.200 19 Lalnutui Thankhaia 96/2013 0.280 20 Lalnutui - 19/2013 0.800 21 Lalnutui Ainawna 33/2013 0.120 22 Lalnutui M.Ramenfela 91/2013 0.960 23 Lalnutui M.Ramenfela 91/2013 0.960 24 Lalnutui Khamliana 56/2013 0.028 25 Lalnutui M Ramena 33 of 2013 0.033 26 Lalnutui H Ropianga 59/2013 0.022 27 Lalnutui K Laldingliana 91/2013 0.013 28 Lalnutui Vanlalchhangi 37/2013 0.022 29 Lalnutui Biakliana 83/2013 0.022 30 Lalnutui Lianmuanga 26/2013 0.028 31 Lalnutui Dosanga 35/2013 0.022 32 Lalnutui K Phirthanga 60/2013 0.020 33 Lalnutui Samuela 15/2013 0.028 34 Lalnutui 22/2013 0.020 35 Lalnutui Thanghrima 57/2013 0.039 36 Lalnutui 109/2013 0.019 37 Lalnutui C. Ramthanga 94/2013 0.041 38 Lalnutui Lamkunga 19/2004 0.758 39 Lalnutui Lalvena 42/2013 0.015 40 Lalnutui C.lalnghinglova 63 of 2013 0.067




(ha)

41 Lalnutui Lalzova 73 of 2013 0.011 42 Lalnutui Ainawna 43/2013 0.017 43 Lalnutui Lalzova 17/2013 0.019 44 Lalnutui 81/2013 0.022 45 Lalnutui Lalthianghlima 1 of 2013 0.021 46 Lalnutui Father 50/2013 0.024

47 Lalnutui Taikhar 81/2013 0.022

48 Lalnutui Lalhmingliana MISC -91/2008 0.056

49 Lalnutui Lalthianghlima 210411/10/9-75 0.930 50 Lalnutui Thanghrima 93/2013 0.028 51 Lalnutui R. Lianthanga 93/2013 0.039 52 Lalnutui P.C. lalfakzuala 31/2013 0.011 53 Lalnutui Hrangliana 92/2013 0.017 54 Lalnutui Marila 185/2013 0.002 55 Lalnutui Laibata 24/2013 0.020 56 Lalnutui Lianthanga 16/2013 0.003 57 Lalnutui Ainawna 23/2013 0.013

58 Lalnutui Lamkunga 210411/10/35 of 2004 0.130 59 Lalnutui Father 32/2013 0.002 60 Lungrang 'S' Lianzuala 186 of 2012 0.04

61 Lungrang 'S' Lalchainai 110 of 1995 0.048

62 Lungrang 'S' Rinthanga 5 of 2012 0.0169

63 Lungrang 'S' Laltankhuma 210412 of 2008 0.036

64 Lungrang 'S' Motilal Gurung VC-540 0.027

65 Lungrang 'S' Rothanga 114 of 2013 0.025

66 Lungrang 'S' Zoluta 115 of 2013 0.02

67 Lungrang 'S' R.Kutdenga 114 of 2013 0.192

68 Lungrang 'S' Sanghnuna 11 of 2013 0.136

69 Lungrang 'S' Zahuata(L) 540 of 2012 0.408 70 Lungrang 'S' - Misplaced his Pass 0.0165 71 Lungrang 'S' Lalnghinglova 2185 of 1997 0.0678 72 Lungrang 'S' Rawnala 210411/10/153 of 2004 0.006 73 Lungrang 'S' Taikhuma 210411/10/24 of 2004 0.1892 74 Lungrang 'S' Rualkipmawia 20 of 2013 0.12 75 Lungrang 'S' Vanhaia 210411/10/45 0.075 76 Lungrang 'S' Malsawmthanga 256 of 2012 0.14 77 Lungrang 'S' - 21040/10/77 of 2004 0.144

78 Lungrang 'S' Zoluta 200 of 2013 0.03

79 Lungrang 'S'

Laitaikhuma 210411/129 of 2004 0.0336 80 Lungrang 'S' Khamliana 230 of 1991 0.01 81 Lungrang 'S' Vanlalzauva 130 of 2003 0.16




(ha)

82 Lungrang 'S' Lalrotluanga 13 of 2003 0.15 83 Lungrang 'S' Lianmunga 228 of 2013 0.09 84 Lungrang 'S' Vanmawia 132 of 2013 0.07 85 Lungrang 'S' Hartawna 100 of 2013 0.072

86 Lungrang 'S' Raldoliana 101 of 2013 0.18

87 Lungrang 'S' Lalthanzama 103 of 2013 0.12

88 Lungrang 'S' Lalthlamuana 101 of 2013 0.8

89 Lungrang 'S' K.laldingliana 104 of 2013 0.18

90 Lungrang 'S' Tanthuama 102 of 2013 0.14

91 Lungrang 'S' Lalzuala 112 of 2013 0.06

92 Lungrang 'S' Zodinpuia 105 of 2013 0.13

93 Lungrang 'S' Kutdenga 110 of 2013 0.12

94 Lungrang 'S' Thawngtuala 71 of 1976 0.047

95 Lungrang 'S' Lianzawnga 6 of 1981 0.024

96 Lungrang 'S' PC. Rothanga 1 of 2005 0.0168

97 Lungrang 'S' Darhluna 210411/10/26 of 2004 0.048

98 Lungrang 'S' Lalthlamuana 3 of 2012 0.016

99 Lungrang 'S' Dartlinga 210411/10/75 of 2004 0.124

100 Lungrang 'S' Zahuata 18 of 1979 0.024

101 Lungrang 'S' Zahuata 208 of 2012 0.186

102 Lungrang 'S' Lianzova 210411/10/133 0.0136

103 Lungrang 'S' Lalhmachhuana 34 of 2012 0.015

104 Lungrang 'S' LH. Liantluanga 120 of 2013 0.3

105 Lungrang 'S' Saikhuma (L) 210411/10/11 0.037

106 Lungrang 'S' C. Lalchngnunga 14/2013 0.072 107 Lungrang 'S' Zothanga VC 0.072 108 Lungrang 'S' Chiakhlira VC 0.096 109 Lungrang 'S' LH. Lalhmingliana 134/2013 0.072 110 Lungrang 'S' K. Malsawma 206/2010 0.084 111 Lungrang 'S' H. Neihliana 1/8/2010 0.144 112 Lungrang 'S' Lalfamkima 100/2013 0.0528 113 Lungrang 'S' Rammawia 15/2013 0.0528 114 Lungrang 'S' PC. Kapchhunga 210411/10/84 2004 0.218 115 Lungrang 'S' Rammawii 535/2012 0.072 116 Lungrang 'S' Taikhara 210411/10/168.2009 0.144 117 Lungrang 'S' Lalbiaka 138/2013 0.072 118 Lungrang 'S' B. Ramthara 3/1/2013 0.048 119 Lungrang 'S' Hriatpuia 145/2013 0.072 120 Lungrang 'S' Lalhmachhuana 144/2013 0.072 121 Lungrang 'S' M. Biaknghinglova 140/2013 0.072




(ha)

122 Lungrang 'S' L.H. Lalchawi-a 5/1/2013 0.144 123 Lungrang 'S' L.H. Lalhmingliana 143/2013 0.048 124 Lungrang 'S' Khamliana 105/1993 0.144 125 Lungrang 'S' Joyin Rona B-3/2011 0.072 126 Lungrang 'S' C. Vanlaltana 13/2013 0.072 127 Lungrang 'S' Thanhlira 210411/10/48 0.0450 128 Lungrang 'S' Zothanga 210411/10/06 0.108 129 Lungrang 'S' Rokunga 210411/10/72 0.293 130 Lungrang 'S' Rangchhinga 210411/10/05 0.126 131 Lungrang 'S' Pathiauva 210411/10/70 0.105 132 Lungrang 'S' Tlangzauva 74 of 1980 0.070 133 Lungrang 'S' H.Kapnawna 159 of 2012 0.070 134 Lungrang 'S' Lalengmawia 160 of 2012 0.070 135 Lungrang 'S' Pianga 548 of 2012 0.070 136 Lungrang 'S' Ralliana 548 of 2012 0.115 137 Lungrang 'S' Zapema 201 of 2010 0.019 138 Lungrang 'S' 301 of 2011 0.017 139 Lungrang 'S' Lalbika 60 of 2013 0.009 140 Lungrang 'S' C.Lalbiaktluanga 302 of 2011 0.008 141 Lungrang 'S' C.Pakawla 40 of 2013 0.012 142 Lungrang 'S' C.Biaktluanga 200 of 2013 0.012 143 Lungrang 'S' C.Biaktluanga 200 of 2013 0.009 144 Lungrang 'S' VC 0.009 145 Lungrang 'S' Khamliana 230 of 1991 0.152 146 Lungrang 'S' - 210411/10/78 of 2004 0.009

147 Lungrang 'S' - 107/1997 0.144

148 Lungrang 'S' Rawnala 17/1987(WRC) 0.144

149 Rangte Sailiankila 210407/10/11/2005 0.21

150 Rangte Lalrinpuia 118 of 2013 0.294

151 Rangte Taihleia 210407/10/09 of 2005 NA

152 Rangte Liankila 210407/10/08 0.3505

153 Rangte V. Sangliana 25 of 2013 0.378

154 Rangte V. Ngurkhuma 24 of 2013 2.5

155 Rangte Tlangliana 26 of 2013 0.0028

156 Rangte Dolala 3 of 2013 0.00185

157 Rangte Pachhunga 28 of 2013 0.00145

158 Rangte Sanninlova 25 of 2013 0.0023

159 Rangte Suakala 8 of 2013 0.00175

160 Rangte V.Biakliana 12 of 2013 0.00203

161 Rangte V. Sumlova 13 of 2013 0.00207

162 Rangte Dolala 7 of 2013 0.00207

163 Rangte L.Ramliana VC 0.093

164 Rangte Lalthangleia 2 of 2013 0.00198




(ha)

165 Rangte Sapthangliana VC 0.0012

166 Rangte V.Sangliana 8 of 1994 0.462 167 Rangte Kaienga 10/2013 NA 168 Rangte HC.Saikuma 31/05 0.00335 169 Rangte Lalsana 30/2005 NA 170 Rangte Pachhunga 29/2013 NA 171 Rangte Lalsana 65/1996 0.527 172 Rangte Rosiama 20/2013 0.00159 173 Rangte Dawngala 14/2013 0.00205 174 Rangte Robikipa 9/2013 0.00216 175 Rangte V.Ngurkhuma 53/2013 NA 176 Rangte Lalthima(L) 16/2013 0.0023 177 Rangte Taihkuala 17/2013 0.0229 178 Rangte K.Zakhuma 21/2013 0.00151 179 Rangte C.Nghakliana 19/2013 0.00168 180 Rangte Satinthata 18/2013 20.81 181 Rangte Darkhupthanga 210407/10/20 0.0301 182 Rangte Lianthanga 30 of 2013 0.008 183 Rangte Bilhkuala 120 of 2013 0.432 184 Rangte V.Lianthanga 16 of 2013 0.432 185 Rangte Lalsama VC 2.5 ha 186 Rangte HC Ruala 86 of 2013 NA 187 Rangte Tlangkhama 17 of 2013 0.5952 188 Rangte Biltuhuala 99 of 2013 0.33 189 Rangte Patuaha VC 0.9804 190 Rangte Neihkima 22 of 2013 0.0311 191 Rangte B.Kapthuama 76 of 1995 0.075 192 Rangte PL Ngurliana VC 0.0218 193 Rangte Thangleia 32 of 2006 0.0232 194 Rangte Semtlinga 31 of 2006 0.0249 195 Rangte HC Ruala 123of 2013 0.45 196 Rangte C.Ngakliana 134 of 2013 0.45 197 Rangte C.Vanlaltlana VC 0.0864 198 Rangte L.T Vanga 38/96 0.718 199 Rangte tlangliana VC 0.6412 200 rangte Thangchhawna 73/2013 0.3456 201 Rangte Khamliana 2164/1/10/63 0.144 202 Rangte V.sangliana VC 0.0197 203 Rangte T.Lalrotluanga 255 of 2011 0.108 204 Rangte K.sangzuala 45 of 2012 0.08 205 Rangte Rangchhingi VC 0.12 206 Rangte Lianzuala 210411/10/36 0.144 207 Rangte Kanchana VC 0.228




(ha)

208 Rangte Chhimthanga 210407/10/21 2005 0.586 209 Rangte Lalsana(L) 210407/10/23 2005 0.884 210 Rangte Lalmuana 40 2005 0.336 211 Rangte Lalmuana VC NA 212 Rangte Biaksiama 96/2011 0.0792 213 Rangte Sanmunga VC NA 214 Rangte T. Rosiama 69 of 2013 - 215 Rangte Rothanga VC 0.026 216 Rangte Chhimthanga 60/1989 NA 217 Rangte Sankima VC NA 218 Rangte Dengzika VC 0.02 219 Rangte Roleithanga 36/2013 0.0021 220 Rangte V.Sangliana 35/2013 0.001867 221 Rangte Tawhleichuva 34/2013 0.0021 222 Rangte Thanzuala 33/2013 0.0019 223 Rangte Dawngala 32/2013 0.0023 224 Rangte L.Siama (L) 60 of 2013 225 Rangte Chalselthanga 8 of 1994 - 226 Rangte Lalmuana 96 - 227 Rangte Lalmuana 40 of 2005 - 228 Rangte C.Lalduha 85 of 2005 - 229 Rangte Lalngura Sailo (L) 8 of 2012 - 230 Rangte Thanzika (L) 11 of 2013 - 231 Rangte RC Khuma (L) 5 of 2005 - 232 Rangte TC Kapzinga 148 of 2013 - 233 Rualalung Zokhuma 164/RL/VC of 2011 0.0665 234 Rualalung Lalawia(L) 163/RL/VC of 2011 0.051 235 Rualalung Zakhuma 210404/10/41of 2005 0.18

236 Rualalung Zokhuma 28/1983/RL/VC of 1983 0.288

237 Rualalung Suaka 27/1998/RL/VC of 1998 0.008 238 Rualalung Zakhuma 210404/10188 of 2005 0.06 239 Rualalung Zakhuma 210404/10140 of 2005 0.196

240 Rualalung Kapbuanga 26/2006/RL/VC of 2006 0.08

241 Rualalung Sawihlira 25/1996/RL/VC of 1996 0.0168

242 Rualalung F.Lalnghinglova(L) 24/1992/RL/VC of 1992 0.0714 243 Rualalung Thawmvunga 18/1997/RL/VC 0.012 244 Rualalung B.Thanhnuna 14/2002/RL/VC 0.06 245 Rualalung F.Lalnghinglova (L) 13/1994/RL/VC 0.036 246 Rualalung Romawia(L) 41/RL/VC of 2012 0.036 247 Rualalung Zokhuma(L) 39/RL/VC of 1983 0.3655




(ha)

248 Rualalung S.Lalrinthanga 23/2007/RL/VC of 2007 0.012 249 Rualalung 2/1994/RL/VC of 1994 0.012 250 Rualalung Riathoa 210404/10/89 of 2006 0.012 251 Rualalung F.Lalrotluanga 31/2008/RL/VC NA 252 Rualalung Gulbahadur 16/2000/Rc/VC 0.15 253 Rualalung Lalbahadur 33/1844/LR/VC 0.0188 254 Rualalung Hrangliana 17/195/RL/VC 0.012 255 Rualalung Remmawia 73/RL/VC of 2012 0.0015 256 Rualalung Hleisa(L) 72/RL/VC of 2012 0.009 257 Rualalung Rochhunga(L) 151/RC/VC of 2010 0.0425 258 Rualalung VANLALMUANA 43/RL/VC OF 2013 0.002 259 Rualalung 9/1999/RL/VC OF 1999 0.005 260 Rualalung CHHIARTAWNA 8/1990/RL/VC OF 1990 0.015

261 Rualalung THAWMVUNGA 21/1983/RL/VC OF

1983 0.0085 262 Rualalung ROMAWIA(L) 12/1995/RL/VC 0.036

263 Rualalung B.AISANGA 10/1983/RL/VC OF

1983 0.000458 264 Rualalung ROPIANGA(L) 7/1983/RL/VC OF 1983 0.249

265 Rualalung ROCHHUNGA(L) 20/1998/RL/VC OF

1998 0.021

266 Rualalung - 11/2003/RL/VC OF

2003 0.0006 267 Rualalung CHHIARTAWNA(L) 6/1988/RL/VC OF 1988 0.0238 268 Rualalung CHHIARTAWNA 42/RL/VC OF 2013 0.0277 269 Rualalung SAITHUAMA 44/RV/VC OF 2012 0.0126

270 Rualalung PALUAIA 41/1985/RL/VC OF

1985 0.0108 271 Rualalung LALRINGA VC 0.0182 272 Rualalung 46/RL/VC OF 2012 0.00504

273 Rualalung KAPBUANGA 34/1999/RL/VC OF

1999 0.0054 274 Rualalung ZOKHUMA 1/1983/RL/VC OF 1983 0.013 275 Rualalung KAPBUANGA 37/RL/VC OF 2008 0.025 276 Rualalung LIAKRAIA 157/RL/VC OF 2012 0.054 277 Rualalung Hrangliana RLVC/2008 0.600000 278 Rualalung Hrangliana RLVC/2008 0.080000 279 Rualalung Thatmunga (L) 154/RL/VC of 2012 0.040000 280 Rualalung Dengsiama 170/RLVC OF 1998 0.04 281 Rualalung Lalchungnunga RLV/VC/2 of 1998 0.04 282 Rualalung VL Rimawia RLV/VC/1of 1998 0.04 283 Rualalung Zokhuma 10/RL/Vc of 1992 0.04 284 Raulalung K.Sangliana 40/RLVC of 2005 0.04 285 Rualalung f.Lalrotluanga 210404/10/98 of 2006 NA 286 Rualalung Hrangliana(L) 210404/10/73 of 2005 0.04




(ha)

287 Rualalung Liahraia 171/RLVC/1999 0.04 288 Rualalung Aithuama (L) 210404/10/177 of 2011 0.04 289 Rualalung Thanghmingliana 210404/10/46 of 2005 0.04 290 Rualalung Zothanmawia 210404/0/178 of 2011 0.04 291 Rualalung - VC 0.060 292 Rualalung J. S. Lalnunzira 210404/10/34 of 2005 0.564 293 Rualalung Vanlalliana 210404/10/69 of 2005 0.432 294 Rualalung Lalmuana 22/1998/RL/VC 0.180 295 Rualalung Hrangliana 35/RLVC/2008 0.018 296 Rualalung Vanlalmuana 19/1998/RL/VC 0.015 297 Rualalung F. Lalrotluanga 210404/10/97 of 2006 0.120 298 Rualalung Lalchhuanna Garden No. 4 of 2000 0.072 299 Rualalung Chawngzinga (L) 210404/10/77 of 2005 0.150 300 Rualalung Laimawia 1/2008 0.434 301 Rualalung Laimawia 1/2008 0.434 302 Rualalung Rammawia 152/RL/VC of 2009 0.063 303 Rualalung Lalrotluanga 156/RL/VC of 2012 0.12 304 Rualalung Thangkhuma 155/RL/VC of 2012 0.27 305 Rualalung Rotlinga(L) 150/RL/VC of 2010 0.32 306 chhumkhum Rualkhuma 210301/10/101 NA 307 Chhumkhum Lianhnuna 9 of 2012 NA 308 Chawngte Chhimtawna 114 of 1986 0.300 309 Chawngte Sawnga 1 of 1982 0.167 310 Chawngte Ropianga 4 of 1995 0.167 311 Chawngte 9 of 1977 0.246 312 Chawngte Sawnga 16 of 1986 0.016 313 Chawngte K.Lalbiaka 118 of 2008 0.100 314 Chawngte Laichhuma 117 of 2013 0.250 315 Chawngte Zohlana 30 of 1977 0.240 316 Chawngte J.Khawlrema 10 of 2013 0.076 317 Chawngte Lalrawna 2of 2013 0.021 318 Chawngte C.Lalsanga 1 of 2013 0.009 319 Chawngte Sawmlala 11 of 2013 0.005 320 Chawngte PC.Challiana 13 of 2013 0.021 321 Chawngte PC.Chhawnkima 12 of 2013 0.032 322 Chawngte Vanhlira 1410 of 1995 0.025 323 Chawngte LH.Paluaia 115 of 1986 0.076 324 Chawngte Manliana 67/1975 0.008 325 Chawngte Lalrintluanga 23/19897 0.198 326 Chawngte Chawngkhara 70 of 1981 0.225 327 Chawngte Lalawia 9 of 2013 0.046 328 Chawngte Sikula 8 of 2013 0.046 329 Chawngte Ropianga 7 of 2013 0.046




(ha)

330 Chawngte K. Thanpuia 6 of 2013 0.046 331 Chawngte K. Lalrammawia 5 of 2013 0.046 332 Chawngte K. Satzauva 4 of 2013 0.060 333 Chawngte Laichova (L) 14 of 2013 0.054 334 Chawngte Hranghrima 21 of 1985 0.193 335 Chawngte Chawngthanseia 16 of 2013 0.031 336 Chawngte B. Lalliana 111 of 1980 0.082 337 Chawngte K. Lalbiaksiama 3 of 2013 0.068 338 Chawngte K.Thanthuam 124 of 2013 0.216 339 Chawngte Dawlzuala 210401/10/105 of 2007 0.096 340 Chawngte Chhawnhminga 123of 2013 0.001 341 Chawngte Dosaia 122 of 2013 0.180 342 Chawngte Someswar 121 of 2013 0.060 343 Chawngte Khawmbiala 210401/10/78 of 2005 0.225 344 Chawngte Lianhranga 555 of 1977 0.060 345 Chawngte Manghleia 210401/10/79 of 2005 0.072 346 Chawngte Ropianga 119 of 2013 0.036 347 Chawngte Sainghinglova 21 of 1985 0.385 348 Chawngte H.Lianchhunga 11 of 2013 0.075 349 Chawngte K.Lalbiaka 118 of 2008 0.100 350 Chawngte Laichhuma 117 of 2013 0.250 351 Chawngte Zohlana 30 of 1977 0.076 352 Chawngte J.Khawlrema 10 of 2013 0.021 353 Chawngte Lalrawna 2of 2013 0.009 354 Chawngte C.Lalsanga 1 of 2013 0.005 355 Chawngte Sawmlala 11 of 2013 0.021 356 Chawngte PC.Challiana 13 of 2013 0.032 357 Chawngte PC.Chhawnkima 12 of 2013 0.025 358 Chawngte Vanhlira 1410 of 1995 0.076 359 Chawngte LH.Paluaia 115 of 1986 0.008 360 Chawngte Manliana 67/1975 0.198 361 Chawngte Lalrintluanga 23/19897 0.068 362 Chawngte K. Lalbiaksiama 3 of 2013 0.082 363 Chawngte B. Lalliana 111 of 1980 0.031 364 Chawngte Chawngthanseia 16 of 2013 0.193 365 Chawngte Hranghrima 21 of 1985 0.054 366 Chawngte Laichova (L) 14 of 2013 0.060 367 Chawngte K. Satzauva 4 of 2013 0.046 368 Chawngte K. Lalrammawia 5 of 2013 0.046 369 Chawngte K. Thanpuia 6 of 2013 0.046 370 Chawngte Ropianga 7 of 2013 0.046 371 Chawngte Sikula 8 of 2013 0.046 372 Chawngte Lalawia 9 of 2013 0.225




(ha)

373 Chawngte Chawngkhara 70 of 1981 0.2250



Annexure 7.3 - List of CPRs List of CPRs affected

Sl.no Name of village Structure Property owned by

Affected Area of Structure (in

sq.mtr) 1 Rangte Water Tank (2 nos) VC 2 Rangte Water Tank MPWD 3 Rangte Public Bathroom VC 3.81

4 Rangte Urinal VC (Constructed under NERLP(World Bank

Fund)) 3.81

5 Rangte Community Hall VC 104.79 6 Lalnutui Baptist Church Baptist Church of Mizoram 171.47 7 Lalnutui Presbyterian Church Presbyterian Church 171.47 8 Lalnutui Gov’t Primary School Dep. of School Education 114.31 9 Lalnutui Public Bathroom VC 8.57 10 Lalnutui Anganwadi Dept. of Social Welfare 27.43 11 Lalnutui Upper Primary School Dept. of School Education 0.00 12 Lalnutui Shed VC 3.43 13 Lalnutui Water Point with Tank PHED 0.86 14 Rualalung Urinal VC 3.43 15 Rualalung Water Point PHED 0.00 16 Rualalung Shed VC 13.72 17 Rualalung Tower VC 18 Chawngte Building ICDS 39.6

19 Chawngte Building Village Council 42

20 Lalnutui Upper Primary School Village Council 186

21 Lalnutui Anganwadi centre Social Welfare Department 36.9

22 Lalnutui Church Building Presbyterian Church 1.718

23 Lalnutui Church Building Baptist Church of Mizoram 6.195

24 Rualalung Church Building Presbyterian Church 127.5

25 Rualalung Govt. Middle School compound

Education Department

26 Rualalung Church Building Baptist Church of Mizoram 800



Annexure 7.4 - List of Trees by type No. and type of trees likely to be affected

Sl. No Type of Trees

1 Teak 36371 2 Timber 4206 3 Mango 454 4 Jackfruit 15 5 Banana 1600 6 Blithe 4 7 Mau 11658 8 Khanghu 87 9 Thing 2325

10 Theihai 275 11 Zawngtah 386 12 Oil Palm 1176 13 Bamboo 11200 14 Nimbu 172 15 Hmunphiah 3500 16 Kuhva 768 17 Sugar cane 30 18 Ser 21 19 Wild Tree 4844 20 Butter Fruit 115 21 Coffee 61 22 Coconut 38 23 Betel nut 2 24 Pineapple 100 25 Orange 83 26 Rubber 493 27 Litchi 30516

Total 110500



Annexure 8.1 Letter regarding diversion at Lungrang English Version

To,

The Chief Engineer., (PWD) Govt. of Mizoram, Aizawl.

Subject: Construction of Chhumkhum to Chawngte Road under world Bank Funded Project, a concent of

the public regarding. Sir,

We would like to bring to your kind notice that the following decision taken by the leaders of project affected villages along Chhumkhum to Chawngte road is a fact.

We are very sorry to say that a very few people of New Lungrang village are objecting the construction of Chhumkhum to Chawngte road under World Bank funded project against the wish of the general public. Therefore, today the 22nd Nov/2013, we the leaders of NGOs and Village Councils of Lalnutui, New Lungrang, Lungrang South, Rualalung and Chawngte alongwith our people hold a joint meeting in connection with the proposed construction of road and reaffirmed that we welcome the proposed construction by 100% and agreed with all the designs and alignments. We therefore request you to pursue the matter with vigour to the Bank for early execution of construction works and to take necessary action from your end not to divert the proposal for other road.. Copy to:

1. Project Director,PIU, PWD, for information and necessary action.

2. SLAO, PIU, PWD for information and necessary action.

Yours faithfully,

Sd/- Sd/- Sd/- (VANLALKIANA) (LALRAMLIANA) (VL RIMAWIA) President President President Young Mizo Association Young Mizo Association Village Council/Court Chawngte Group Lungrang ‘S’ Branch Rualalung Sd/- Sd/- Sd/- (PC LALRAMNGHAKA) (LH LALRINLIANI) (C.LALROTHUAMI) Secretary President President Young Mizo Association Mizo Hmeichhe Insuihkhawm Pawl Mizo Hmeichhe Insuihkhawm Pawl Chawngte ‘L’ Branch Lungrang ‘S’ Branch Branch : Rualalung Lunglei District : Mizoram Sd/- Sd/- Sd/- (LALRINTLUANGA) (CHALMAWII) (KAPBUANGA) President President President Village Council/Court Mizo Hmeichhe Insuihkhawm Pawl Mizo Upa Pawl Chawngte L Chawngte L Rualalung Unit Sd/- Sd/- Sd/- (LALBIAKSANGA) (KV LUIMAWIA) (R.PACHHUNGA) V/President President President Mizo Upa Pawl Young Mizo Association Mizo Upa Pawl Rualalung Branch Lungrang S Sd/- Sd/- Sd/- (LH LALHMINGLIANA) (THANGHRIMA) (LALNUNSIAMI) President President President Village Council/Court Young Mizo Association Mizo Hmeichhe Insuihkhawm Pawl Lungrang S Lalnutui Branch Branch: Lalnutui



Annexure 8.1_Lungrang diversion related Mizo version



Annexure 8.2 List of participants in consultations



Annexure 15.1 Draft Estimation Market Shed Toilet and Drinking Water

Name of Works : Draft Estimation for Market Shed Construction Along with

Toilet and Drinking Water under Mizoram State Road Project II (MSRP-II) Group I Roads

S/No Description of Work Amount 1 2 3

1 Construction of bazar Shed 539,000.00

2 Construction of Public Toilet 214,000.00

3 Construction of Tuikhur 47,000.00

Total : 800,000.00

PIU, PWD, JAN/2014



Name of Works : Mizoram State Road Project II (MSRP-II), Sh : Construction of Bazar Shed

Detailed Estimate For Market Shed Sl. No

Sor. No

Description of item

No. Length Width Height Unit Quantity Rate Amount (m) (m) (m) (Rs. P) (Rs. P)

1 2.06

Earthwork in excavation over areas including disposal of excavated earth upto 50m and lift upto 1.5m disposed earth to be leveled and neatly dressed

(a) all kind of soil

1 14.30 5.00 100sqm 71.5 3833.00 2740.595

2 2.08 Excavation for Structures (Earth work in excavation of foundation trenches etc , including dressing of bottom, sides etc and disposal of surplas material wthin a lead of 30m (b) Hard soil (pick works) 8 1.5 1.5 1.8 cum 32.4 372.20 12059.28

3 4.02 Providing and laying in position cement concrete of specific grade excluding the cost of centering and shuttering

(b) PCC 1:2:4 8 1.20 1.20 0.08 cum 0.922 For flooring of Bazar Shed 1 10.00 3.20 0.10 cum 3.200 Front of Bazar shed 1 10.00 1.00 0.10 cum 1.000 Sub total = 5.122 7724.00 39559.24

4 5.01 Providing and laying in position reinforced cement concrete excluding the cost of centering and shuttering and reinforcement in all work upto plinth level (b) 1:2:4 (1cement : 2 coarse sand : 4 graded stone agregate of 20mm nominal size)

Foundation footing 8 1.20 1.20 0.20 cum 2.304 column 8 0.20 0.20 1.80 cum 0.576 Tie beams 8 3.75 0.20 0.30 cum 1.800 5 3.10 0.20 0.30 cum 0.930 Sub total = 5.610 7101.00 39836.61

5 5.03 Reinforced cement concrete works in walls, columns, etc



(b) 1:2:4 (1cement : 2 coarse

sand : 4 graded stone agregate of 20mm nominal size

column s 8 0.20 0.20 3.00 cum 0.960 7116.40 6831.74 6 5.04 Reinforced cement concrete

works in beams, suspended floor etc 1:2:4 (1cement : 2 coarse sand : 4 graded stone agregate of 20mm nominal size

Beams 8 3.75 0.20 0.30 cum 1.800 5 3.10 0.20 0.30 cum 0.930 platform 1 10.00 0.90 0.10 cum 0.900 1 6.20 0.90 0.10 cum 0.558 Sub total = 4.188 7387.20 30937.59

7 5.21 Steel reinforcemenr for RCC work including straightening, cutting and bending , placing in position and binding all complete.

(d) Hot rolled deformed bars steel provided @ 150 kg/cum

10.76 X 157.00 Kg 1689.006 82.20 138836.2

9 8 5.11 Centering and shuttering

including shrutting, proping and removal of formwork in

(c ) Column 8 4.80 1.00 sqm 38.400 506.30 19441.92 (d) Beams 16 3.75 0.85 sqm 51.000 10 3.10 0.85 sqm 26.350 Sub total = sqm 77.350 400.10 30947.74 (e) Suspended floor 1 8.25 0.90 sqm 7.425 1 6.20 0.90 sqm 5.580 sqm 13.005 536.50 6977.18

9 6.05 Half brick masonry with first class brick (b) in cement mortar 1:4

6 3.10 0.50 sqm 9.300 6 3.10 1.20 sqm 22.320 9 0.80 0.50 sqm 3.600 sqm 35.220 1007.10 35470.06 10 21.06 12 cm plaster 1:3 ( 1 cement :

3 Fine sand) Plinth of Bazar shed 2 10.00 0.30 sqm 6.000 2 3.60 0.30 sqm 2.160 Brick Walls 2 35.22 sqm 70.440 Columns 8 1.00 3.00 sqm 24.000 Platform 1 8.25 0.90 sqm 7.425 1 6.20 0.90 sqm 5.580 2 8.25 0.10 sqm 1.650



2 6.20 0.10 sqm 1.240 4 0.90 0.10 sqm 0.360 Beams 6 3.75 1.10 sqm 24.750 5 3.1 1.10 sqm 17.050 Sub total = sqm 160.655 210.00 33737.55 11 12.01 Cement concrete flooring

1:2:4 finished with floating coat of neat cement slurry 40mm thick 1 10.00 3.60 sqm 36.000

1 10.00 1.20 sqm 12.000 sqm 48.000 432.80 20774.40

12 9.08 Providing first class local

wood in truss etc including hoisting and fixing in position supplying necessary screw, pikes bolt and nuts etc and applying wood presevatives on unexposed surfaced.

Rafter 42 2.70 0.10 0.075 cum 0.851 Coller 21 2.50 0.10 0.075 cum 0.394 Purline 10 11.00 0.10 0.075 cum 0.825 Sub total =

cum 2.069 38740.9

0 80164.61 15 16.01 Providing corrugated GS

sheet roofing fixed with polymer coated J or L hooks, bolt and nuts 8mm diameter with bitumen and GI limpet washer filled with white lead including a coat of approved steel primer and two coat of approved paint excluding the cost of purline, rafter and truss (e) 0.63 mm thick with zinc coating not less than 275gm/sqm 2 11.00 2.70 sqm 59.400 432.60 25696.44

16 21.81 Finishing wall with water proofing cement paint of approved brand and manufucture and of required shade and colour on new work.

Quantity as per plastered surface Sqm 160.655 93.00 14940.92

Total Cost of Construction = Rs 538952.17

Say =

Rs 539000.00



Name of Works : Mizoram State Road Project II (MSRP-II), Sh : Construction of Public Toilet.

Detailed Estimate For Public Toilet

Sl. No

Sor. No

Description of item No. Length Width Height Unit Quantity Rate Amount

(m) (m) (m) (Rs. P) (Rs. P)

1 2.06

Earthwork in excavation over areas including disposal of excavated earth upto 50m and lift upto 1.5m disposed earth to be leveled and neatly dressed

(a) all kind of soil 1 4.50 2.50 100sqm 11.25 3833.00 431.2125 2 2.08 Excavation for Structures (Earth

work in excavation of foundation trenches etc , including dressing of bottom, sides etc and disposal of surplas material wthin a lead of 30m (b) Hard soil (pick works) 6 1 1 1.8 cum 10.8

Septic Tank 1 2.5 1.5 1.8 cum 6.75 Soak pit 1 1.3 1.3 1.3 cum 2.197 Sub total = 19.747 372.20 7349.83

3 4.02 Providing and laying in position cement concrete of specific grade excluding the cost of centering and shuttering

(b) PCC 1:2:4 Foundation base 6 1.00 1.00 0.08 cum 0.480 For flooring of Toilet 1 3.40 2.20 0.10 cum 0.748 Septic Tank 1 2.50 1.30 0.10 cum 0.325 Soak pit 1 1.20 1.20 0.10 cum 0.144 Sub total = 1.697 7724.00 13107.63

4 5.01 Providing and laying in position reinforced cement concrete excluding the cost of centering and shuttering and reinforcement in all work upto plinth level (b) 1:2:4 (1cement : 2 coarse sand : 4 graded stone agregate of 20mm nominal size)

Foundation footing 6 1.00 1.00 0.20 cum 1.200 column 6 0.20 0.20 1.20 cum 0.288 Tie beams 6 2.40 0.20 0.30 cum 0.864 Sub total = 2.352 7101.00 16701.55

5 5.03 Reinforced cement concrete works in walls, columns, etc

(b) 1:2:4 (1cement : 2 coarse sand : 4 graded stone agregate of 20mm nominal size



column s 6 0.20 0.20 2.40 cum 0.576 7116.40 4099.05

6 5.04 Reinforced cement concrete works in beams, suspended floor etc 1:2:4 (1cement : 2 coarse sand : 4 graded stone agregate of 20mm nominal size

Septic Tank cover 1 2.65 1.35 0.10 cum 0.358 Soak pit 1 1.30 1.30 0.10 cum 0.169 Sub total = 0.527 7387.20 3891.21

7 5.21 Steel reinforcemenr for RCC work including straightening, cutting and bending , placing in position and binding all complete.

(d) Hot rolled deformed bars steel provided @ 150 kg/cum 3.45 X 150.00 Kg 518.213 82.20 42597.07

8 5.11 Centering and shuttering including shrutting, proping and removal of formwork in

(c ) Column 6 3.60 0.80 sqm 17.280 506.30 8748.86 (d) Beams 6 2.40 0.80 sqm 11.520 Sub total = sqm 11.520 400.10 4609.15 (e) Suspended floor 1 2.65 1.50 sqm 3.975 1 1.30 1.30 sqm 1.690 Sub total = sqm 5.665 536.50 3039.27

9 6.05 Half brick masonry with first class brick (b) in cement mortar 1:4

7 1.40 2.40 sqm 23.520 1 0.90 1.80 sqm 1.620 sqm 25.140 1007.10 25318.49 10 21.06 12 cm plaster 1:3 ( 1 cement : 3

Fine sand) Brick Walls 2 25.14 sqm 50.280 Columns 6 0.80 3.00 sqm 14.400 Sub total = sqm 64.680 210.00 13582.80 11 12.01 Cement concrete flooring

1:2:4 finished with floating coat of neat cement slurry 40mm thick 1 3.40 2.60 sqm 8.840 432.80 3825.95

12 9.08 Providing first class local wood in truss etc including hoisting and fixing in position supplying necessary screw, pikes bolt and nuts etc and applying wood presevatives on unexposed surfaced.

Rafter 10 1.90 0.10 0.075 cum 0.143 Coller 5 1.50 0.10 0.075 cum 0.056 Purlin 6 4.20 0.10 0.075 cum 0.189 Sub total = cum 0.388 38740.90 15021.78



13 9.06 Providing first class local

wood dressed in frames of chaukat for doors and windows fixed in position 4 1.90 0.10 0.075 cum 0.057

4 1.00 0.10 0.075 cum 0.030 Sub total = 0.087 44660.30 3885.45 14 9.11 Providing first class local

wood panneled shutter for doors etc including MS Butt hinges with necessary screw etc. (b) 35mm thick 2 0.75 1.80 sqm 2.700 2515.80 6792.66

15 16.01 Providing corrugated GS sheet roofing fixed with polymer coated J or L hooks, bolt and nuts 8mm diameter with bitumen and GI limpet washer filled with white lead including a coat of approved steel primer and two coat of approved paint excluding the cost of purline, rafter and truss (e) 0.63 mm thick with zinc coating not less than 275gm/sqm 2 4.20 2.10 sqm 17.640 432.60 7631.06

16 17.01 Providing and fixing water closet squating pan (indian type W C pan) with 100mm sand cast iron P or S trap, 10 littre low level PVC flushing cistern , including flush pipe manually control divice (handle lever) conforming to IS 7231 with all fitting and fixer complete including cutting and making good the wall, floor wherever required.

(b) White Vitreaus china indian patern WC pan of size 510X305 mm with integral type foot rest. 2 Nos 2.000 4187.90 8375.80

17 17.19 Providing and fixing white vitreous china flat back or wall corner type lipped front urinal basin of 430X260X350 automatic flushing cistern with standard flush pipe and CP brass speader with brass union and GI clamp complete including painting and brackets, cutting and making good the wall, floor wherever required.

(a) one urinal basin with 5littre white P.V.C automatic flushing cistern. 2 Nos 2.000 5028.10 10056.20



18 17.49 Providing and fixing on

wall face SWRPVC soil, waste and vent pipe including jointing with rubber lubricant cement solvent complete (a) 110mm dia 10 1.80 m 18.000 383.80 6908.40

19 17.50 Providing and fixing SWRPVC plain bend of required degree (87.50o) including jointing with rubber lubricant cement solvent complete (a) 110mm dia 4 4.000 157.60 630.40

20 17.54 Providing and fixing single equal SWRPVC plain junction of required degree with access door (a) 110x110x110mm 3 3.000 269.60 808.80

21 17.56 Providing and fixing SWRPVC plain junction of required degree with access door including jointing with rubber lubricant cement solvent complete (Y-Junction) (a) 110mm Y-junction. 2 2.000 267.90 535.80

22 21.81 Finishing wall with water proofing cement paint of approved brand and manufucture and of required shade and colour on new work.

Quantity as per plastered surface Sqm 64.680 93.00 6015.24

Total Cost of Construction = Rs 213963.

68

Say =

Rs 214000.

00



Name of Works : Mizoram State Road Project II (MSRP-II): Sh Construction of Tuikhur

Detailed Estimate For P Brick Walling Tuikhur (Water Tank)

Item

No. Describtion of Item No Length Breadth Height Qnty. Unit Rate Amount

1/2.07

Earthwork in excavation in foundation trenches or drains etc. (not exceeding 1.5m in width or 10sqm on plan) including dressing of sides and ramming of bottoms, lift upto 1.5m including getting out excavated soil and disposal of surplus excavated soil as directed within a lead of 50 metres. a)Oridinary Soil

Footing 2 3.5 0.3 0.3 0.63 2 2.2 0.3 0.3 0.40 Total 1.03 m3

290.20 297.75

2/4.03

Providing and laying in position cement concrete of specified grade excluding cost of centering and shuttering - All work upto plinth level:

a)1:3:6(1 cement :3 course sand :6 stone aggregate 20mm nominal size)

Foundation 2 3.5 0.3 0.1 0.21 2 2.2 0.3 0.1 0.13

Total 0.21 m3 5968.

30 1253.34 3/5.01 Providing and laying in

position reinforced cement concrete excluding cost of centering and shuttering , finishing and reinforcement in -

a)1:2:4 (1 cement : 2 coarse sand : 4 graded stone aggregate 20mm nominal size)

Flooring 1 3.00 2.00 0.10 0.60 m3

Total 0.60 m3 7101.

00 4261.00



4/6.06 Half brick masonry with first

class brick in superstructure above plinth level upto floor V level.

(b) in cement mortar 1: 4 ( 1 cement : 4 coarse sand ) 2 3.25 1.2 7.80

2 2.05 1.2 4.92

Total 12.72 Sqm 1032.

90 13138.49 5/6.06 12mm cement plaster 1 : 4 (1

cement : 4 fine sand). 2 3.2 1.2 7.68

2 2 1.2 4.80 2 3.3 1.2 7.92 2 2.2 1.2 5.28 2 3.3 0.125 0.83 2 2.3 0.125 0.58

Total 27.08 Sqm 1032.

90 27970.93

Total : 46921.51

Say : 47000.00


mizoram state roads ii – regional transport connectivity ......8.1 letter regarding diversion at...

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