National Conference on e-Governance 8-9 August 2019, Shillong Meghalaya

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HEARTFELT THANKS

DARPG , MeitY, State Govt of MEGHALAYA & MATI ( ATI-Shillong)

&

DR. J. SATYANARAYANA

India Enterprise Architecture

National Conference on e-Governance

8-9th August 2019, Shillong Meghalaya

Charru Malhotra, PhD MCA, DCA, MCSD

Associate Professor (e-Governance and ICT) Coordinator (Centre of e-Governance)

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, New-Delhi

-From MIS/IT/ICT realm (MCA ,MCSD )

to the ‘real world’ (IIT-Delhi) of 600

villages of India

(2005-2009)

-NE (Sikkim, Shillong, Mizoram)

-South (TN, Kerala, K’tka)

-North (Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan)

-Centre (MP, 36garh,UP)

IT Consultancies with

International agencies

WTO, WCO, GENEVA (2018), UNCTAD (United

Nations Conference on Trade and Development),

GENEVA ( 2018)

The Swiss Embassy-India ( 2017)

The World Bank (2000 – till Now)

The Economist Intelligence Unit , HK-2017)

IIMD- International Institute for Management

Development (Lausanne, Switzerland) (2016)

ADB - Asian Development Bank (2014)

Panthéon Sorbonne, PARIS (2016,2014)

Wollongong University, AUSTRALIA ( 2011)

The Winrock International (1999)

Generated

Almost 70.5 millions

for IIPA in last 5

years

Guided

20

Mphils/PhD

28 years of

IT Journey

- 30 Papers/ chapters/

articles

- 6 handbooks

- 5 reports

- Winner of ITU Best paper

award

Central Universities - JNU,DU,

BHU,IIT-D, Rajasthan University

Central Ministries-

meity,DoPT,MHA,MEA,DST,CPW

D, DARP&G

STATE GOVTS – KARNATAKA,

HARAYANA, DELHI

INDUSTRY ASSOCIATIONS –

NASSCOM, ASSOCHAM

MEDIA/ Civil Society – The

LokSabha, DEF

National Agencies

About the Speaker

ITU Best Paper Award- 2019 at

Argentina “Ethical F/w for AI”

Demystifying EA

An enterprise

business, company, firm, or group (of any size)

provides consumers with goods and/or services.

Requires collaboration to achieve its goal or strategy

while providing the good or service as best as it can

to ensure customer satisfaction.

Any organized

Unit

Eg: Industry

Consortium

Eg: Non-Profit

Group

TRACING GENESIS OF EA

PRE EA

EARLY EA

MODERN EA

“The Open Group Architecture Framework”

plan and design IT architecture But…

Timeline of TOGAF

Early

1990s

First initiated in the 1990s as methodology for the

development of technical architecture.

TOGAF 1.0 based onTAFIM

(Technical Architecture Framework for Info Mgmt )

And then developed by The Open Group into an extensive Enterprise architecture framework.

TOGAF 7 – Technical Edition

TOGAF 8 - Enterprise Ed. ( Dec 2002)

TOGAF 8.1 (Dec 2003).

TOGAF 9 (2009)

TOGAF 9.1 (2011)

TOGAF 9.2 (2018)

A bit

later

1995

2001

2002-

03

2009

2018

TOGAF Structure

TOGAF

Introduction Architecture Development

ADM ( Architecture Development

Method ---open group Library) Guidelines and

Techniques

Architecture Content

Framework

Enterprise Continuum and Tools

TOGAF Reference

Models

Architecture Capability

Framework

EA -WorldWide

Bangladesh --National Enterprise Architecture

New Zealand Government Enterprise Architecture for (GEA-NZ) Framework

Royal Government of Bhutan---Architecture driven e-Govt

Development

MALAYSIA--GovEA Framework, Malaysian Administrative Modernization

and Management Planning Unit (MAMPU)

New Brunswick, Canada--Government Enterprise Architecture for this

Canadian Province

SINGAPORE: WOG Approach in eGovernance - 4

National Portals and about 400 Agency websites.

UNITED KINGDOM: Modernizing Government program works

across organizational boundaries

SCOTLAND: Public Value Management for seamless

and citizen-led services through partnership

CANADA: Government On-Line Initiative, aimed to bring together 170 different Government

websites

INTEGRATE ----Enterprise must collaborate across disciplines , all layers

Storing and collecting data, to provide Services GO BEYOND Tech

Requires robust technology to function properly & yet it’s principles must stay technology-agnostic. A practice of organizing logic that promotes a

robust IT infrastructure. IDENTIFY BUSINESS NEEDS- The architecture should also incorporate 21st century practices of business process management and data analytics.

REFURBISH OVERALL STRATEGY-- The goal of the comprehensive approach is to strategize with efficiency, efficacy, security, durability, and agility.

Revisiting EA’s CornerStones

OUR GOAL in INDIA

UNITY IN DIVERSITY

All to adopt a structured

and formalized approach

in developing their EA - for

ONE Govt

Experience

InDEA Principles

InDEA Reference Models

ONE Govt. EXPERIENCE

ADOPT IndEA

Documenting and sharing explicit and implicit

architecture best practices.

Providing guidance in the development of enterprise

architectures.

Capturing key elements of architecture and inter-

relationships between them.

Providing the means for architecture governance by enabling an audit process.

Enabling adoption of standards based on common

understanding.

Govt. EA Implementation in India

National Level

State Level

Panchayat Level

Organizational Level

Domain (Reusable) Level

State Bank of India

ePragati, Andhra Pradesh

Panchayat Enterprise Architecture Framework (PEAF)

GSTN, NIC, Passport Seva Kendra, UIDAI, GeM

University Enterprise Architecture Framework at NIC

State Public Service Commission Architecture Framework at NIC

Land Hub Enterprise Architecture at NIC

Not followed even in the

organizations included in

the list of TOGAF-users

provided by The Open Group.

Critical Scrutiny of TOGAF

EA practitioners report

that TOGAF can hardly

be followed step-by-step.

“TOGAF has gained

traction simply because

it’s better than doing

nothing” – Jason

Bloomberg

TOGAF's prescriptions

are vague and inarticulate

since it "states that the

ADM should be adapted

without specifying how“.

The changes in TOGAF

v9.2 does not address the

fundamental problems of

the mechanistic planning

approach advocated by

TOGAF.

TOGAF's astonishing

popularity can be

considered as purely

accidental and attributed

solely to its effective

promotion at the right

time period.

Most TOGAF

recommendations are found inapplicable.

Real examples

demonstrating the actual

practical usage of TOGAF's

recommendations are

missing.

Issues and Challenges •Differences in political ideology

•As ruling political party differs between states and nation. So some states (those belong to different ruling party)are reluctant to implement nation level schemes. • Ex: WB government reluctant to national level

scheme in the state.

•Budget and fund allocation in states

INDIA :A REALITY CHECK

Issues and Challenges • State diversity

• Different states having different challenges • Rural and Tribal regions ,Scheduled areas • low resource geographical regions (Tribal regions, cold and

hot desert regions – Ladakh & Thar region, island region - A &N, North East region)

• Lack of Basic infrastructure & e-Readiness

• Variation in Human capital in states • Lack of literacy/digital literacy (Education) • Lack of health services

INDIA :A REALITY CHECK

Integration of services • Integration of related services within each state (intrastate services)

•Integration of Inter state services

•Integration of nation and state government services

•Common Services at local level ( Municipality and Panchayat ) • Issuance of certificates (ex: birth and death certificates )

•Local level bill and taxes ( ex: water,property tax etc.)

We NEED to…

Integration of services • Integration of related services within each state (intrastate services)

• Need to Redefine measurement parameters for services as per international standards. • Waste management system being implemented in Kerala's coastal town of Alappuzha has been

recognized by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) as one of the five models across the world. However Swachh Survekshan Survey 2017 India listed Alappuzha among the worst cities in Kerala.

[http://www.firstpost.com/india/keralas-zero-waste-alappuzha-among-top-five-cities-in-un-list-to-successfully-manage-solid-waste-4236667.html ]

• Similarly cities in Sikkim state not well rated in swaach survey though it is the first 100% organic state of the country.

• Common Dashboard portal nationwide can be provided. Common services can be delivered to local area just by choosing specific state and city on the portal.

• Common digital services can be brought under concurrent list topics.

• Integration of services in Inter-state council and Zonal Councils meeting ( CMs/ Governors participate)

We NEED to…

• BEST PRACTICES- LEARN FROM EACH OTHER

• Kerala performs better in education and health sector • TN can learn from Punjab in agriculture sector

• Selection of e-Services & Development Indices used for measuring the development in states. Based on this we can determine improvement areas and need of digital services in the particular state( Raghuram Rajan Committee Report of 2013 )

https://www.mapsofindia.com/my-india/india/backward-states-in-india-in-need-of-development

• Need to adopt different agenda for backward states ( bihar, odissha,UP, jharkhand)

• Goa, Tamil Nadu and Kerala to be the most well-developed states

We Need to…

• E-Service categorization shud b as per Subject list - nation, state and

local basis.(DeCentralisation at Local level wud help more)

• Standardization of digital services required

• data protection/w implementation wud also demand more synergisation

• Initiatives

• Union Home Ministry is planning to set up an Apex coordination Centre ( for CyberSecurity) and has asked states to establish a similar mechanism in every district.

We Need to…

KEY CONCERNS

READINESS of individual government department and

agencies.

Technological Independence: creating a uniformed language for

the COLLABORATION of each department.

UPGRADING the already existing individual tools in alignment

of IndEA vision. Ex: UMANG, OpenGov, NIC

DATA SECURITY and PRIVACY of the information from cyber

threats and challenges.

We Need to Particularly for EA

Let’s RESOLVE THEM AVAILABILITY AND

ACCESSIBILITY to the users.

“Last Mile Connectivity”

ADAPTABILITY of the tools for the

government and citizen.

AFFORDABILITY – High Opex and

Capex.

ADOPTING 3-Pronged APPROACH

AFFORDABILITY

ADAPTABILITY ACCESSIBILITY

High CAPEX and OPEX

Discord of people,

processes

& technology

Last mile connectivity

One nation one platform

• Digital service standard (DSS) for interoperability.

• India Enterprise Architecture. (IndEA)

• Awareness and sensitization

• Lure VCs

• Industry incubate innovation.

• ‘Make in India’, ‘Made of India’ and ‘Made by Indians’.

• Agile policy making

• Newer collaborations.

• Partner’s willingness.

• Open government, open data.

• Cyber resilient communities.

• Digital comfort to citizens. (Citizen centric, Citizen inclusive)

AVAILABILITY

Awareness and sensitization

Agile policy making and makers

Digital comfort to citizens: Citizen centric and citizen inclusive.

Lure VCs

Digital service standard (DSS) for interoperability.

Demystifying EA

SYNERGISING ROLE OF

NATIONAL

& STATE GOVERNMENT

DEMYSTIFYING EA

Centre

Building Architectures

Designing Digital Standard

Fostering

EcoSystem

Establishing

Best Practices

Testing Pilots

Nurturing

Enablers

LET CENTRE ENSURE…

State

Contextualisation

Replication

Senstisation

Institutionalisation

Adherence

Co-Creation

Let State Undertake…

LET STATES UNDERTAKE

Developing Goals: long

term and short-term.

Country Dashboard: index-

wise, scheme wise and

portfolio wise.

Developing Tools in

alignment of IndEA vision.

Implementing domain

specific application.

Standardization of

already existing

tools.

WAY FORWARD

Let’s

Celebrate Diversity but

Usher in “ Unity in Diversity”

37

Charru Malhotra Ph.D. (IIT-Delhi,MCA, DCA, MCSD

Associate Professor (e-Governance and ICT) Coordinator (Centre of e-Governance)

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION New-Delhi

Landline: +91-11-23468393, (R) +91-11-23468593; Fax: +11-23702440 Mobile: +91-9818529298; 9318489364

Email:charrumalhotra.iipa[at]gov.in; charrumalhotra[at]gmail.com Skype: Charru.malhotra1; Web-link - http://iipa.org.in/malhotra.html

LinkedIn : https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-charru-malhotra-5894a917/ Twitter : @IIPADigiIndia

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