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4 May, 2004AdHoc'04 - NLC Concepts in WWI AN 1WWI – Ambient Networks

Non-Conventional and Low-Cost Wireless Access Concepts in

WWI Ambient Networks

ADHOC’04Invited presentation

Miguel Berg & Jan Markendahl, KTH/RST

This presentation has been produced in the context of the Ambient Networks Project. The Ambient Networks Project is part of the European Community's Sixth Framework Program for research and is as such funded by the European Commission. All information in this presentation is provided "as is" and no guarantee or warranty is given that the information is fit for any particular purpose. The user thereof uses the information at its sole risk and liability. For the avoidance of all doubts, the European Commission has no liability in respect of this presentation, which is merely representing the authors view.


Non-conventional Low-Cost (NLC) applications

Coverage extension in low-revenue areas

Temporary capacity increase New business

models – privately operated networks

Rapid deployment


Outline

Ambient Networks project What do we mean by “non-conventional”? Description of three non-conventional conceptsAN Multi-Radio Access Architecture Research issues

• Multihop and relaying • Network composition & AN domains • New business models & domain negotiations • Separation of control & user plane

Summary & Conclusions


The Ambient Networks Project

An integrated project co-sponsored by the European Commission under the Information Society Technology (IST) priority within the 6th Framework Programme (FP6)Aims at an innovative, industrially exploitable mobile network solution in particular for systems beyond 3G, which enables the composition of networks across business and technology boundaries in order to stimulate new business developments and growth in the wireless domainBrings together a strong industry led consortium of leading operators, vendors, SMEs, and research organisations, with the determination, skills and critical mass to create cross-industry consensus and to drive standardisation


AN Objectives

to define an affordable and scalable mobile communication network, that opens up new ways to communicate, for billions of people and devices,to facilitate "ambient networking", allowing increased competition and cooperation, enabling efficient use of resources in an environment populated by a multitude of devices, technologies and business actors,to achieve a broad industry consensus on ambient networking, creating new business opportunitiesfor mobile network service provisioning, to develop a solution that provides easy to use, richand trustworthy multimedia communication services for all.


AN Idea

Ambient Control Space

PAN

Personal

VANVehicular

HAN

Home

CAN

Community

Ambient Connectivity

2.5 G2.5 G

FixedFixed3G3G

WLANWLAN 4G4GCorporateCorporate

ServicesServicesServicesServices

Ambient Networks:- Common Control Services- Networks at the edge - Scalable auto-configuration


An Ambient Networks Domain

AmbientConnectivity

Domain Management

Mobility

Multiaccess

MediaDelivery

ContextProvisioning

Security

ConnectivityController

AmbientServiceInterface

AmbNetwork Interface(ANI)

ient AmbNetwork Interface

ient


Composed Networks

AmbientNetwork Interface

AmbientService Interface

Domain Management

Mobility

Multiaccess

MediaDelivery

ContextProvisioning

Security

AmbientConnectivity


Domain Management

Mobility

Multiaccess

MediaDelivery

ContextProvisioning

Security

AmbientConnectivity


Network A Network BNetwork

A+B

Two ANs that have composedafter negotiating over ANI

Two ANs that have composedafter negotiating over ANI


What do we include in NLC concepts?

Ownership and access dimension• Privately owned & operated access points • Public use of privately owned and deployed

networks• Access to other users’ terminals for multihop

“relay traffic”Deployment dimension

• Self-configured low-cost network deployment• Low-cost deployment of networks with wide-area

coverage• Rapid and/or temporary deployment


What do we include in NLC concepts, cont´d

Cost dimension• Low-cost solutions for mass market• High performance – low cost solutions • Business cases with “low revenue per bit”

Business model dimension• Cooperation between private & public operators• Cooperating partners/operators/providers• Public use of privately owned & operated

networks• Public use of user terminals for “relay traffic”


What do we include in NLC concepts, cont´d

General • New ways to fill in gaps where current

“conventional” technologies are less suitable for technical, practical, economical, regulatory, and political reasons

• Target special niche business models where they can offer some specific advantage possibly at a tradeoff with some disadvantage

• Target special niche networking situations• A novel way, not identified today, of integrating

with and complementing the “conventional”technologies


The three first proposed NLC concepts

Low-cost & smart coverage-extension for rapid and temporary deploymentPublic access to co-operating privately operated local access networks Wide-area high bit-rate radio operator deployed networks with fixed relays


NLC concept 1: Low-cost coverage extension

BLUE and GREEN operator want to extend coverage with a flexible, rapid and low-cost solution



Multihop using fixed relays and relaying terminals



Multihop using fixed relays and relaying terminals- Multi-operator case



Characteristics of NLC concept No 1• Low-cost solution for wide-area coverage • Rapid or temporary deployment• Low degree of existing infrastructure• Co-operation between operators and between users • Multihop techniques with high degree of

network reconfiguration



Business cases for NLC concept 1• Developing countries • Rapid roll-out for new market players• Temporary hot zones • Networks for emergency operations • Moving hot spots


NLC concept 2: Privately operated networks

Wide-area network provided by BLUE operator



Ctrl



The customer has an own access point at home

Ctrl



At home the call/session is routed through the access point

Ctrl



General case, many local access points



Mesh networks with connected local access points



Mesh networks with connected local access points- Multi-operator case



Characteristics of NLC concept 2• Privately owned & operated local networks• Reuse of existing fixed infrastructure• Low-cost local-area solution for high data rate

applications (low revenue per bit), low CAPEX• Self-deployment and configuration, low-cost operation• Multihop mesh networks



Business cases for NLC concept 2:Public and private access in • Homes• Offices• Public hot spots• Community networks


NLC concept 3: Wide-area high bit-rate access

No LOS ! Out of range !

Out of range !



MultiMulti--hop connections via Fixed Relayshop connections via Fixed Relaysto bring coverage to bring coverage ““around the corneraround the corner””



Broadband Fixed Network



Point to MultipointPoint to MultipointBroadband WirelessBroadband Wireless(e.g. IEEE 802.16a)(e.g. IEEE 802.16a)

Broadband Fixed

Network

MultiMulti--RAT APRAT AP(tandem (tandem operoper. of diff. . of diff. RATsRATs))



Characteristics of NLC concept 3• Wide-area coverage with (very) high data rates • Operator-deployed stationary networks • Low-cost wide-area solution using fixed relays• Multihop mesh networks• Multi-RAT access points (optional)



Business cases for NLC concept 3• wide-area public access in city/urban areas

(outdoor)• possible combination/extension with privately

owned local access networks for indoor coverage• co-operation between network operator and

infrastructure provider (e.g., to install AP at lampposts, traffic lights, etc.)


AN Multi-Radio Access architecture (MRA)

For new, efficient and low-cost access networks, all relevant resources must be utilisable irrespective of administrative and technical boundaries

• No single operator can provide all the resources required for the best solution to any given user demand

• Legacy and new radio interfaces have to be efficiently integratedwith self-deployed ad-hoc networks and multihop forwarding

• Current research fails to address the access problem in multi-radio/multi-operator environments

The AN MRA approach generalizes and extends current access network architectures

• Allows mixing of existing infrastructure with new components under varying business and spectrum management regimes

• Relies on Multi-Radio Resource Management (M-RRM) and Generic Link Layer (GLL)


Multi-Radio Access(MRA) architecture

Multi-standardTerminalsAd-hoc

Generic Link Layer

WCDMA NewRadioWLAN

Common RRM

GLL

NewRadio

Common RRM

GLL

WCDMAR

RM

NR GLL

NewRadio

Common RRM

RR

M N

R

RR

M W

CD

MA

NRGLL

WCDMA

IP

AN Domain 1Operator A

AN Domain 2Operator B

RRMWCDMA

RRMWLAN

RRMNR

AN Domain 3MultihopTerminal

ANI ANI

Multihop


Multihop and relaying

Multihop is an essential feature in the aforementioned NLC conceptsNLC is part of the AN MRA⇒Affects the choice of NLC concepts⇒MRA must support multihop and relaying

User terminals shall support multihop/relaying using BOTH fixed/mobile relays AND terminalsEach NLC concept shall support multiple strategies for single/multihop (e.g. two-layer AND three-layer)


Network composition & AN domains



AN domain candidates

Mobile networkOperator domain

Local APdomain

PANdomain



Public access to private Access points

Mobile networkOperator domain

Local APdomain

PANdomain


New business models & domain negotiations

Network domain of operator X

?I belong to operator YI have access rights class A,QoS profile class F and mycurrent needs is of type M




access OK, resources areAvailable => OK to connect




?

I belong to operator XI have access rights class B,QoS profile class H and mycurrent needs is of type L




X access + resources OK My own usage & battery status allows connection


Separation of control & user plane

Network domain of operator X Coverage areaof high data-rateuser data traffic(black arrows)

Coverage area of low data-ratesignalling traffic


Separation of control & user plane

Network domain of operator X Coverage areaof high data-rateuser data traffic(black arrows)

Coverage area of low data-ratesignalling traffic(Red Arrows)


Some other discussed NLC candidates - M2M type

Car to Car Communication networks • Highly flexible ad-hoc networks• High mobility, few nodes

Sensor networks (e.g. for traffic control)• Self-deployed, ad-hoc networks to organise

reporting chains (e.g. to traffic control centre)and broadcast network (to users)

• No mobility, large number of nodes


Summary

Presented the EC’s FP6 Ambient Networks project• “Network solutions for mobile and wireless systems beyond 3G”• More info at http://www.ambient-networks.org/

Described what we mean by “non-conventional”and presented three NLC concepts

• Low-cost & smart coverage-extension for rapid/ temporary deployment• Public access to co-operating privately operated local access networks • Wide-area high bit-rate radio operator deployed networks with fixed relays

Briefly described the AN MRA architecture• Foundation for the NLC concepts

Showed key research issues• Multihop and relaying • Network composition & AN domains • New business models & domain negotiations • Separation of control & user plane


Contributors to the NLC Concepts

The work on NLC concepts presented is a joint effort from partners in AN-WP2 task 5, NLC Concepts:

• Aachen UniversityIan Herwono, Stephan Göbbels, Ralf Pabst

• EricssonMikael Prytz

• KTHJan Markendahl, Miguel Berg

• NokiaOve Strandberg

• University of CantabriaRamón Agüero, Luis Muñoz, Jonny Choque


Participating Partners in Ambient Networks

Ericsson AB (project co-ordinator), Sweden Alcatel SEL AG, Germany British Telecommunications plc, UK Budapest University Of Technology And Economics, Hungary Concordia University, Canada Consorzio Ferrara Ricercha, Italy Critical Software S.A., Portugal DaimlerChrysler AG, Germany DoCoMo Communications Laboratories Europe GmbH, Germany Elisa Corporation, Finland Ericsson Eurolab Deutschland GmbH, Germany Ericsson MagyarorszagKommunikacios RenszerekK.F.T., HungaryFrance Telecom SA, France Fraunhofer Gesellschaft ZurFoerderung Der AngewandtenForschung e. V., Germany

Instituto De Engenharia De Sistemas E Computadores Do Porto, Portugal Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan, SwedenLucent Technologies Network Systems GmbH, Germany Lucent Technologies Network Systems UK Limited, UK Motorola Japan, JapanNational ICT Australia (University Of New South Wales), Australia NEC Europe ltd, UK Nokia Corporation, Finland Oy LM Ericsson AB, Finland Panasonic European Laboratories GmbH, GermanyRheinisch-WestfaelischeTechnische Hochschule Aachen, Germany Siemens AG, Germany Siemens AG Oesterreich, Austria

Siemens Mobile Communications SPA, Italy Swedish Institute Of Computer Science AB, Sweden Technical Research Centre Of Finland, Finland Technische Universitaet Berlin, Germany Telecom Italia SPA, Italy Telefonica Investigacion Y Desarrollo SA Unipersonal, Spain Telenor Communication AS, Norway TeliaSonera AB, Sweden TNO - Netherlands Organisation For Applied Scientific Research, Netherlands University Of Surrey, UK Universidad De Cantabria, Spain University College London, UK University Of Ottawa, Canada Vodafone Group Services Limited, UK

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