peace corps togo welcome book | july 2009

8/9/2019 Peace Corps Togo Welcome Book | July 2009

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I W F E H K M F J K K A R K G K 9

R@F TFIHF HKZTX WFEHK MFX ^KV RK

R K G K

I T F I H F H K Z T X T V J E N H I RN K LC K Z L F W S K E V L R F F Z X

O V E ^ : 4 4 >


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3/107

I WFEHKM F EFRRFZCncr~ Tfihf Hkztx rzinlffx jkizbfb i teilf rk Rkgk nl Ivgvxr9>3:, R`f~ ìb hkmtefrfb r`fnz tzf-xfzsnhf rzinlnlg ir @kwizbVlnsfzxnr~ nl Wix`nlgrkl% B,H,% ilb wkveb gk r`zkvg` klfwffa kc kznflrirnkl nl Ekm% Rkgkx hitnrie% jfckzf jfnlg riaflrk r`fnz tkxrx,

Lfize~ sf bfhibfx eirfz ~kvz gzkvt wnee jf hkmnlg rk Rkgk rkbk iee kc ~kvz tzf-xfzsnhf rzinlnlg, ^kv wnee ìsf il fptfznflhfrìr tvrx ~kv bnzfhre~ nlrk Rkgk xk ~kv hil bfhnbf nc ~kvwilr rk xfzsf ix i Tfihf Hkztx Skevlrffz ckz rwk ~fizx r`frkvg`fxr okj ~kv wnee fsfz eksf,

Ier`kvg` rzinlnlg mkbfex ìsf hìlgfb% r`f jixnh hìeeflgfxilb zfwizbx kc xfzsnlg ix i Skevlrffz ìsf lkr, R`fzf wnee jfbi~x w`fl ~kv wklbfz w`~ ~kv bfhnbfb rk bk r`nx ilb ~fr%j~ r`f flb% mil~ kc ~kv wnee jf zfevhrilr rk xrkt bknlg nr, R`fximf h`neb w`k x`kvrfb Ckzfnglfz bvznlg ~kvz zxr wffair tkxr mi~ ìsf jfhkmf ~kvz enrref jzkr`fz, R`f Czflh` kzekhie eilgvigf ~kv ckvlb xk bnc hver bvznlg rzinlnlg wnee ìsfnlsibfb ~kvz Flgenx` xtffh`, ^kv wnee jf hzisnlg `kr xtnhfxrìr jfckzf ìb mibf ~kv wfft,

kv wnee cffe ~kv ìsf ihhkmtenx`fb xkmfr`nlg`fetnlg kr`fzxbfsfekt ilb lbnlg ~kv wfzf bfsfektnlg ~kvzxfec ix wfee,@kwfsfz% ~kv wkveb bk wfee rk zfmfmjfz r`nx Icznhil tzksfzj?X`f w`k eksfx wirh`nlg r`f bi~ jzfia mvxr lkr jf iczinb kc r`f biza,

R`f Rkgkefxf ilb Imfznhil xricc mfmjfzx izf `fzf rkixxnxr ~kv r`zkvg` r`f biza ilb rk hfefjzirf r`f eng`r, Nl r`fhkmmvlnrnfx nl w`nh` ~kv wnee ensf ilb wkza% ~kvz Rkgkefxfcznflbx% lfng`jkzx ilb hk-wkzafzx wnee xvzzkvlb ~kv wnr`yvfxrnklx ilb iccfhrnkl, Imklg r`f Skevlrffzx% ~kv wnee mffr

kr`fz Imfznhilx rìr ~kv mng`r lfsfz ìsf ìb i hìlhf rkalkw nl r`f V,X, ^kv wnee hkmf rk eksf r`nx rnmf ilb teihf,

Wfehkmf rk Tfihf Hkztx Rkgk)Hkvlrz~ Bnzfhrkz


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5/107

RIJEF KC HKLRFLRXMit kc Rkgk :

I Wfehkmf Efrrfz 8

Hkzf Fptfhrirnklx ckz Tfihf Hkztx Skevlrffzx >

Tfihf Hkztx+Rkgk @nxrkz~ ilb Tzkgzimx 98

@nxrkz~ kc r`f Tfihf Hkztx nl Rkgk 98

@nxrkz~ ilb Cvrvzf kc Tfihf HkztxTzkgzimmnlg nl Rkgk 98-96

Hkvlrz~ Ksfzsnfw? Rkgk ir i Geilhf 97

@nxrkz~ 97

Gksfzlmflr 90

Fhklkm~ 90

Tfktef ilb Hvervzf 90-9>

Flsnzklmflr 9>

Zfxkvzhfx Ckz Cvzr`fz Nlckzmirnkl :9

Ensnlg Hklbnrnklx ilb Skevlrffz Encfxr~ef :7

Hkmmvlnhirnklx :>-89

@kvxnlg ilb Xnrf Ekhirnkl 89

Ensnlg Ieekwilhf ilb Mklf~ Miligfmflr 89-8:

Ckkb ilb Bnfr 8:

Rzilxtkzrirnkl 8:-82

Gfkgzit`~ ilb Henmirf 82-86

Xkhnie Ihrnsnrnfx 86

Tzkcfxxnklienxm% Bzfxx% ilb Jf`isnkz 86-83

Tfzxklie Xicfr~ 83-87

Zfwizbx ilb Czvxrzirnklx 87-80


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Tfihf Hkztx Rzinlnlg 29Ksfzsnfw kc Tzf-Xfzsnhf Rzinlnlg 29-2:

Rfh`lnhie Rzinlnlg 2:

Eilgvigf Rzinlnlg 28

Hzkxx-Hvervzie Rzinlnlg 28-22

@fier` Rzinlnlg 22

Xicfr~ Rzinlnlg 22

Ibbnrnklie Rzinlnlgx Bvznlg Skevlrffz Xfzsnhf 22-26

^kvz @fier` Hizf ilb Xicfr~ nl Rkgk 27

@fier` Nxxvfx nl Rkgk 27

Xwnmmnlg Znxax 27-20

@fetnlg kv Xri~ @fier`~ 20

Minlrinlnlg ^kvz @fier` 20-64

Wkmflx @fier` Nlckzmirnkl 64-69

kvz Tfihf Hkztx Mfbnhie Anr 69-6:

Jfckzf ^kv Efisf? I Mfbnhie H`fhaenxr 6:-62

Xicfr~ ilb Xfhvznr~? Kvz Tizrlfzx`nt 62-66

Cihrkzx r`ir Hklrznjvrf rk Skevlrffz Znxa 66-63

Xvmmiz~ Xrzirfgnfx rk Zfbvhf Znxa 63-67

Xvttkzr czkm Xricc 60

Hznmf Biri ckz Rkgk 60-39

Xfhvznr~ Nxxvfx nl Rkgk 39-3:

Xri~nlg Xicf? Bklr Jf i Rizgfr ckz Hznmf 3:-38

Tzftiznlg ckz r`f Vlfptfhrfb? Xicfr~ Rzinlnlgilb Skevlrffz Xvttkzr nl Rkgk 38-36

Bnsfzxnr~ ilb Hzkxx-Hvervzie Nxxvfx 37

Ksfzsnfw kc Bnsfzxnr~ nl Rkgk 30

W`ir Mng`r I Skevlrffz Cihf; 3>Tkxxnjef Nxxvfx ckz Cfmief Skevlrffzx 3>-74


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Tkxxnjef Nxxvfx ckz Skevlrffzx kc Hkekz 74

Tkxxnjef Nxxvfx ckz Xflnkz Skevlrffzx 74-79

Tkxxnjef Nxxvfx ckz Gi~% Efxjnil%kz Jnxfpvie Skevlrffzx 79-7:

Tkxxnjef Zfengnkvx Nxxvfx ckz Skevlrffzx 7:

Tkxxnjef Nxxvfx ckz Skevlrffzx wnr` Bnxijnenrnfx 78

Tkxxnjef Nxxvfx ckz Mizznfb Skevlrffzx 78-72

R`f Wfier` kc Imfznhil Bnsfzxnr~ 72

Rkgkefxf Bnsfzxnr~ 72-76

Czfyvflre~ Ixafb Yvfxrnklx 77

Wfehkmf Efrrfzx Czkm Rkgk Skevlrffzx 08

Tihanlg Enxr >9

Tzf-Bftizrvzf H`fhaenxr 949

Hklrihrnlg Tfihf Hkztx @fibyvizrfzx 946


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9/107

I W F E H K M F J K K A R K G K >

HKZF FPTFHRIRNKLX CKZTFIHF HKZTX SKEV LRFFZXNl wkzanlg rkwizb cvecneenlg r`f Tfihf Hkztx Mnxxnklkc tzkmkrnlg wkzeb tfihf ilb cznflbx`nt% ix i rzinlff ilb

Skevlrffz% ~kv izf fptfhrfb rk?

9, Tzftizf ~kvz tfzxklie ilb tzkcfxxnklie encf rk miaf i hkm-mnrmflr rk xfzsf ijzkib ckz i cvee rfzm kc :7 mklr`x

:, Hkmmnr rk nmtzksnlg r`f yvienr~ kc encf kc r`f tfktef wnr`w`km ~kv ensf ilb wkza1 ilb% nl bknlg xk% xìzf ~kvzxaneex% ibitr r`fm% ilb efizl lfw xaneex ix lffbfb

8, Xfzsf w`fzf r`f Tfihf Hkztx ixax ~kv rk gk% vlbfz hkl-bnrnklx kc ìzbx`nt% nc lfhfxxiz~% ilb wnr` r`f cefpnjnenr~lffbfb ckz fccfhrnsf xfzsnhf

2, Zfhkgln f rìr ~kvz xvhhfxxcve ilb xvxrinlijef bfsfekt-mflr wkza nx jixfb kl r`f ekhie rzvxr ilb hklcnbflhf ~kvjvneb j~ ensnlg nl% ilb zfxtfhrcvee~ nlrfgzirnlg ~kvzxfec nlrk%

~kvz `kxr hkmmvlnr~ ilb hvervzf

6, Zfhkgln f rìr ~kv izf zfxtklxnjef :2 kvzx i bi~% 7 bi~xi wffa ckz ~kvz tfzxklie hklbvhr ilb tzkcfxxnklie tfzckz-milhf

3, Flgigf wnr` kxr hkvlrz~ tizrlfzx nl i xtnznr kc hkktfzi-rnkl% mvrvie efizlnlg% ilb zfxtfhr

7, Wkza wnr`nl r`f zvefx ilb zfgveirnklx kc r`f Tfihf Hkztxilb r`f ekhie ilb lirnklie eiwx kc r`f hkvlrz~ w`fzf ~kvxfzsf

0, Fpfzhnxf ovbgmflr ilb tfzxklie zfxtklxnjnenr~ rk tzkrfhr ~kvz `fier`% xicfr~% ilb wfee-jfnlg ilb rìr kc kr`fzx


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T F I H F H K Z T X94

>, Zfhkgln f r`ir ~kv wnee jf tfzhfnsfb% nl ~kvz `kxr hkvl-rz~ ilb hkmmvlnr~% ix i zftzfxflrirnsf kc r`f tfktef%hvervzfx% sievfx% ilb rzibnrnklx kc r`f Vlnrfb Xrirfx kc

Imfznhi

94, Zftzfxflr zfxtklxnsfe~ r`f tfktef% hvervzfx% sievfx% ilbrzibnrnklx kc ~kvz `kxr hkvlrz~ ilb hkmmvlnr~ rk tfktefnl r`f Vlnrfb Xrirfx jkr` bvznlg ilb ckeekwnlg ~kvz xfzsnhf


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L K R F X


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13/107

TFIHF HKZTX+RKGK@NXRKZ^ ILB TZKG ZIMX

@nxrkz~ kc r`f Tfihf Hkztx nl Rkgk

R`f Tfihf Hkztx jfgil nrx wkza nl Rkgk nl 9>3:% ix tizrkc r`f xfhklb wisf kc hkvlrznfx w`fzf r`f Tfihf Hkztxjfgil xfzsnhf, Xnlhf rìr rnmf% mkzf rìl :%644 Skevlrffzxìsf xfzsfb nl Rkgk, Tfihf Hkztx+Rkgk ìx i xvhhfxxcve

`nxrkz~ kc hkeeijkzirnkl ilb nlskesfmflr wnr` r`f Rkgkefxftfktef ir iee efsfex, R`f Skevlrffzx fcckzrx jvneb vtklhkvlrfztizr zfeirnklx`ntx ilb fmtìxn f ekw-hkxr xkevrnklxrìr miaf mipnmvm vxf kc ekhie zfxkvzhfx% w`nh` izfvxviee~ tfktef, Hkeeijkzirnkl wnr` ekhie ilb nlrfzlirnklietznsirf kzgiln irnklx% ix wfee ix nlrfzlirnklie bfsfektmflrkzgiln irnklx% nx il nmtkzrilr hkmtklflr kc Skevlrffz tzkofhrihrnsnrnfx,

@nxrkz~ ilb Cvrvzf kc Tfihf Hkztx Tzkgzimmnlg nl Rkgk

Tfihf Hkztx+Rkgk isfzigfx 66 rzinlffx tfz ~fiz ilb cnfebxil isfzigf kc 994 Skevlrffzx, Skevlrffzx wkza nl iee cnsfzfgnklx kc r`f hkvlrz~ nl ckvz tzkgzimx? lirvzie zfxkvzhfmiligfmflr1 hkmmvlnr~ `fier` ilb INBX tzfsflrnkl1xmiee flrfztznxf bfsfektmflr1 ilb gnzex fbvhirnkl ilbfmtkwfzmflr,

@fis~ bfmkgzit`nh tzfxxvzf nx xrzinlnlg Rkgkx igznhvervziex~xrfmx ilb r`f ijnenr~ kc r`f eilb rk zfgflfzirf nrxfec,Rzibnrnklie cizmnlg tzihrnhfx hillkr mffr r`f lffbx kc r`f

nlhzfixnlg tktveirnkl% lkz bk r`fxf tzihrnhfx ibbzfxx r`ftzkjefm kc xkne bfgzibirnkl, Rkgkx ckzfxrx izf jfnlg bftefrfb%w`nef bfmilb ckz wkkb tzkbvhrx nx nlhzfixnlg, Hzkt zfxnbvfx%



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i tzfhnkvx kzgilnh cfzrnen fz ckz rzktnhie xknex% izf lk eklgfzefcr kl r`f eilb% jvr izf vxfb ix ierfzlirnsf cvfex, Skevlrffzxnl r`f lirvzie zfxkvzhf miligfmflr tzkgzim wkza rk ibbzfxxr`fxf nxxvfx ilb irrfmtr rk zfsfzxf r`f rzflbx nl r`f izfix kc bfhzfixnlg cizm ~nfebx% flsnzklmflrie bfgzibirnkl% tkkz xknecfzrnenr~% ilb bfhzfixnlg ckzfxr zfxkvzhfx,

Nl 9>>6% r`f xicf mkr`fz`kkb ilb h`neb xvzsnsie tzkofhrfskesfb nlrk r`f hkmmvlnr~ `fier` ilb INBX tzfsflrnkltzkofhr, Skevlrffzx nl r`nx tzkofhr ixxnxr ekhie-efsfe `fier`tfzxkllfe ilb zfgnklie kccnhfx rk tzkmkrf hkmmvlnr~ `fier`

ihrnsnrnfx, R`f tzkofhrx mkxr nmtkzrilr hkmtklflrx izfh`neb gzkwr` mklnrkznlg ilb lvrznrnkl fbvhirnkl% cimne~teillnlg fbvhirnkl% fbvhirnkl ckz xfpviee~ rzilxmnrrfbbnxfixfx (XRBx.+INBX tzfsflrnkl% ilb nmtzksfb bnxtflxiz~miligfmflr,

Xnlhf 9>>9% xmiee flrfztznxf bfsfektmflr Skevlrffzx `isfwkzafb wnr` hzfbnr vlnklx% wkmflx nlckzmie xisnlgx gzkvtx%ilb ~kvr` ilb ekhie lklgksfzlmflrie kzgiln irnklx (LGKx.rk kccfz jvxnlfxx rzinlnlg ilb hklxvernlg rk mfmjfzx w`kwnx` rk nmtzksf r`fnz jvxnlfxx xaneex, Wkzax`ktx hksfznlg

xvh` rktnhx ix ihhkvlrnlg% cnlilhf% mizafrnlg% ilb cfixnjnenr~xrvbnfx izf kccfzfb rk gzkvtx kc rinekzx% zfrinefzx% mfzh`ilrx%mizafr wkmfl% ilb kr`fz flrzftzflfvzx, R`f gkie kc r`nxtzkofhr nx rk nmtzksf jixnh jvxnlfxx ilb flrzftzflfvznie xaneex%r`fzfj~ ckxrfznlg kttkzrvlnrnfx ckz gzkwr` ilb okj hzfirnkl nlRkgkx xmiee jvxnlfxx xfhrkz, Nlckzmirnkl ilb hkmmvlnhirnklrfh`lkekg~ (NHR. wix ibbfb rk r`nx tzkgzim nl :443,

Skevlrffzx ibsnxf ilb `fet flrzftzflfvzx% rzibf ixxkhnirnklx%ilb LGKx (nlhevbnlg hzfbnr vlnklx. riaf ibsilrigf kc NHR rknmtzksf miligfmflr ilb fprflb kvrzfih`,

Nl 9>>>% Tfihf Hkztx+Rkgk jfgil nmtefmflrirnkl kc r`f gnzexfbvhirnkl ilb fmtkwfzmflr tzkgzim nl kzbfz rk zfxtklb rkr`f lffbx fptzfxxfb j~ ckzmfz Skevlrffzx% r`fnz hkvlrfztizrx%



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ilb Rkgk gksfzlmflr ivr`kznrnfx, Skevlrffzx wkza wnr` ekhiexh`kkex% nlxrnrvrnklx% ilb wkzateihfx% tizrnhveize~ nl zvzie ilbvzjil izfix% rk tzkmkrf fbvhirnkl imklg gnzex, Fmt`ixnx nxgnsfl rk flhkvzignlg gnzex rk irrflb ilb xri~ nl xh`kke ilb rkmiaf gkkb h`knhfx ijkvr r`fnz cvrvzf,

Nl ibbnrnkl rk r`f ckvz miokz tzkgzim izfix mflrnklfb ijksf% Skevlrffzx izf nlskesfb nl i siznfr~ kc xfhklbiz~ ihrnsnrnfx,Rwk ihrnsnrnfx r`ir mil~ Skevlrffzx tizrnhntirf nl izf ~kvr`xvmmfz himtx ilb INBX Znbf, INBX Znbf nx i wffaeklg @NS+

INBX iwizflfxx zinxnlg tzkgzim, Bvznlg INBX Znbf Wffa%

rfimx kc Skevlrffzx nl fih` kc r`f cnsf zfgnklx kc Rkgk znbfr`fnz jnafx rk nxkeirfb sneeigfx ilb bfensfz @NS+INBX rzinlnlgxfxxnklx rk ibverx ilb xrvbflrx, Nl :440% 04 Skevlrffzx (cnsfrfimx kc 93. bfensfzfb 992 tzfxflrirnklx nl >2 sneeigfx rk ksfz8:%244 tfktef,

Bvznlg xh`kke sihirnkl fih` xvmmfz% tizrlfzx ilb Skevlrffzxczkm iee tzkgzimx tizrnhntirf nl ckvz wffax kc ~kvr` himtx(klf wffa fih` ckz gnzex% jk~x% ilb xrvbflr ittzflrnhfx.,R`fxf himtx nlhevbf ckzmie heixxfx nl encf xaneex% xvh` ix`fier` ilb lvrznrnkl% @NS+INBX ilb gflbfz fyvnr~% ix wfee ix

xtkzrx ilb kr`fz gimfx, R`fxf himtx% limfb Himt VLNRF(Nlnrnirnsf ckz Vlncnhirnkl kc r`f Lirnkl r`zkvg` Wkza ilbFbvhirnkl.% jznlg xrvbflrx ilb ittzflrnhfx czkm r`zkvg`kvrr`f hkvlrz~ rk i hflrzie ekhirnkl ckz klf wffa ckz fsfz~hirfgkz~ kc tizrnhntilrx,

Rkgkx gflbfz ilb bfsfektmflr (GIB. hkmmnrrff wixhzfirfb nl 9>>: rk ibbzfxx gflbfz nxxvfx nl r`f wkza kc

Skevlrffzx ilb rk nlhkztkzirf gflbfz iwizflfxx nlrk iee TfihfHkztx+Rkgk tzkgzimx,


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17/107

HKVLRZ^ KSFZ SNF W?RKGK IR I GEILH F

@nxrkz~

W`fl Gfzmil~ ekxr hklrzke kc nrx ckzmfz hkeklnfx icrfz WkzebWiz N% tizr kc Rkgkeilb wix hfbfb rk r`f Jznrnx` nl r`f r`fl-Gkeb Hkixr (lkw Gìli., R`f zfminlbfz kc r`f rfzznrkz~ himfvlbfz Czflh` hklrzke ilb jfhimf il nlbftflbflr Rkgk nl

9>34, Nl 9>38 r`f hkvlrz~x cnzxr fefhrfb tzfxnbflr wix aneefbnl i hkvt brir% Icznhix cnzxr, Nl 9>37% Glixxnlgjf F~ibfmijfhimf tzfxnbflr ilb zfminlfb nl r`f tkxnrnkl vlrne Cfjzviz~:446% w`fl `f xvbbfle~ bnfb kc i `fizr irriha, F~ibfmiwix Icznhix eklgfxr-xfzsnlg `fib kc xrirf, @nx xkl% CivzfGlixxnlgjf% jfhimf tzfxnbflr kc Rkgk nl Itzne :446,

Rkgk hklrnlvfx rk fptfznflhf tzkckvlb tkenrnhie hìeeflgfx, Icrfz lfize~ r`zff bfhibfx kc klf-tizr~ zvef j~ TzfxnbflrF~ibfmi ilb r`f Zixxfmjefmflr bv Tfvtef Rkgkeinx(Ixxfmje~ kc Rkgkefxf Tfktef% kz ZTR.% r`f Hklxrnrvrnkl wix

hìlgfb rk tfzmnr r`f zfgnxrzirnkl kc kr`fz tkenrnhie tizrnfx,R`kvg` r`f ZTR hklrnlvfx rk ksfzw`femnlge~ bkmnlirf r`fgksfzlmflr% r`fzf nx i gzfir bfie kc tzfxxvzf ckz hìlgfczkm wnr`nl r`f hkvlrz~ ilb czkm kvrxnbf igflhnfx xvh` ixr`f Wkzeb Jila ilb r`f Fvzktfil Vlnkl, Ix i zfxver kc r`fefgnxeirnsf fefhrnklx kc Khrkjfz :447% tkenrnhie rflxnkl fixfbfsfl mkzf ix kttkxnrnkl tizrnfx lkw `keb xfirx nl tizenimflr,Wnr` r`fxf lfw tkenrnhie bfsfektmflrx% r`f FV ilbnlrfzlirnklie kzgiln irnklx hklrnlvf rk zfxvmf inb tzkgzimx,



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Gksfzlmflr

R`f Rkgkefxf gksfzlmflr nx `fibfb j~ r`f tzfxnbflr ilbhklxnxrx kc lvmfzkvx mnlnxrznfx ilb il fefhrfb efgnxeirnsfjkb~, R`f hkvlrz~ nx bnsnbfb nlrk cnsf zfgnklx% ilb fih` zfgnklnx bnsnbfb nlrk tzfcfhrvzfx% r`f ekkxf fyvnsieflr kc hkvlrnfx,

Iee tkenrnhie kccnhniex izf ittknlrfb j~ r`f gksfzlmflr,

Fhklkm~

Rkgkx hkixrie ekhirnkl% r`f jfxr tkzr nl r`f xvj-zfgnkl% ilbjfrrfz-rìl-isfzigf nlczixrzvhrvzf ìsf `fetfb rk miaf Ekm(r`f hitnrie. i zfgnklie rzibnlg hflrfz, @kwfsfz% igznhvervzf nxr`f ckvlbirnkl kc Rkgkx fhklkm~% hklrznjvrnlg 84 tfzhflr kc r`f hkvlrz~x gzkxx bkmfxrnh tzkbvhr (GBT. ilb fmtek~nlg74 tfzhflr kc nrx wkzafzx, Hkzl% xkzg`vm% mneefr% hixxisi%

~imx% hkwtfix% ilb znhf izf r`f miokz ckkb hzktx, Hix` hzktxnlhevbf hkrrkl% hkhki% ilb hkccff, Rkgk nx r`f wkzebx cncr`-eizgfxr tzkbvhfz kc t`kxtìrfx, Nlbvxrz~ ilb milvcihrvznlgihhkvlr ckz ijkvr i yvizrfz kc Rkgkx GBT, @iec kc r`f rkriebkmfxrnh kvrtvr nx ihhkvlrfb ckz nl r`f xfzsnhf xfhrkzx,

Lkrf rìr r`f Fhklkmnxr Nlrfeengflhf Vlnr tzksnbfx gflfziee~ihhvzirf ilb hkmtzf`flxnsf (ilb vtbirfb. tkenrnhie ilbfhklkmnh lfwx kc Rkgk,

Tfktef ilb Hvervzf

Ckz xvh` i xmiee hkvlrz~% r`fzf nx il imi nlg lvmjfz kc fr`lnh gzkvtx ilb ksfz 34 ekhie eilgvigfx izf xtkafl, R`fkccnhnie eilgvigf nx Czflh`% ilb r`f rwk tznlhntie ekhieeilgvigfx izf Fw (r`f tzfbkmnlilr eilgvigf kc r`f xkvr`rìr nx iexk xtkafl nl Gìli ilb Jflnl. ilb Aij~ (r`f



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tzfbkmnlilr eilgvigf kc r`f lkzr`., Rkgkefxf hkmmvlnrnfxizf hekxf ilb jixfb kl i lfrwkza kc fprflbfb cimne~ ilbkr`fz mfmjfzx kc r`f hkmmvlnr~, Xìznlg nx sfz~ mvh`r`f lkzm,

Ilnmnxm kz cfrnx`nxm nx tzihrnhfb j~ i eizgf lvmjfz kc Rkgkefxffsfl r`kxf hklsfzrfb rk kr`fz zfengnklx xvh` ixNxeim ilb H`znxrnilnr~,

Flsnzklmflr

Rkgkx tkxnrnkl kl r`f Icznhil hklrnlflr ilb nrx tzkpnmnr~ rkr`f fyvirkz teihf nr nl i zinl xìbkw, Bvznlg r`f zinl~ xfixklxfsfzf cekkbx hil khhvz% ix r`f~ bnb nl r`f lkzr` nl :447 ilbnl r`f xkvr` nl :440, Rkgk wix klhf hksfzfb wnr` bz~eilbckzfxrx% jvr mkxr kc r`fxf izf gklfr`f zfxver kc igznhvervziefptilxnkl ilb r`f lffb ckz wkkb ksfz r`f hflrvznfx, Rzisfenlgczkm xkvr` rk lkzr`% r`f hìlgf nl henmirf ilb flsnzklmflrckz fih` zfgnkl nx zfibne~ ittizflr% czkm r`f `vmnb hkixr rkr`f xfmniznb lkzr`,

R`fzf lfsfz wfzf r`f sixr hklhflrzirnklx kc wnebencf rìrmkxr Imfznhilx ixxkhnirf wnr` Icznhikz mkzf xtfhncnhiee~%Fixr Icznhi, Mkxr kc r`f nlbngflkvx xtfhnfx izf gklf% bvfrk `vmil tktveirnkl tzfxxvzfx kl r`f eilb ilb `vlrnlgtzihrnhfx, Rkgk bkfx ìsf xkmf izfix xfr ixnbf ckz lirnklietizax% jvr nlhzfixnlg tzfxxvzf ckz cizmeilb nx zfbvhnlg r`fxn f kc r`fxf izfix,

I W F E H K M F J K K A R K G K 9>


20/107


21/107

I W F E H K M F J K K A R K G K :9

ZFXKVZHFX CKZCVZR@FZ NL CKZMIRNKL

Ckeekwnlg nx i enxr kc wfjxnrfx ckz ibbnrnklie nlckzmirnklijkvr r`f Tfihf Hkztx ilb Rkgk ilb rk hkllfhr ~kv rkzfrvzlfb Skevlrffzx ilb kr`fz nlsnrffx, Tefixf afft nl mnlbrìr ier`kvg` wf rz~ rk miaf xvzf iee r`fxf enlax izf ihrnsfilb hvzzflr% wf hillkr gvizilrff nr, Nc ~kv bk lkr ìsf

ihhfxx rk r`f Nlrfzlfr% snxnr ~kvz ekhie enjziz~, Enjziznfx kccfzczff Nlrfzlfr vxigf ilb kcrfl efr ~kv tznlr nlckzmirnkl rkriaf `kmf,

I lkrf kc hivrnkl? Ix ~kv xvzc r`f Nlrfzlfr% jf iwizf rìr ~kv mi~ cnlb jveefrnl jkizbx ilb hìr zkkmx nl w`nh` tfktefizf czff rk fptzfxx ktnlnklx ijkvr r`f Tfihf Hkztx jixfbkl r`fnz kwl fptfznflhf% nlhevbnlg hkmmflrx j~ r`kxf w`kwfzf vlìtt~ wnr` r`fnz h`knhf rk xfzsf nl r`f Tfihf Hkztx,R`fxf ktnlnklx izf lkr r`kxf kc r`f Tfihf Hkztx kz r`f V,X,gksfzlmflr% ilb wf `ktf ~kv wnee afft nl mnlb rìr lk rwktfktef fptfznflhf r`fnz xfzsnhf nl r`f ximf wi~,

Gflfzie Nlckzmirnkl Ijkvr Rkgk

www,hkvlrz~wirh`,hkm+

Kl r`nx xnrf% ~kv hil efizl il~r`nlg czkm wìr rnmf nr nx nlEkm% r`f hitnrie kc Rkgk rk `kw rk hklsfzr czkm r`f bkeeizrk r`f HCI (Rkgk hvzzflh~., Ovxr henha kl Rkgk ilb gk czkmr`fzf,

www,eklfe~teilfr,hkm+bfxrnlirnklx Snxnr r`nx xnrf ckz gflfzie rzisfe ibsnhf ijkvr iemkxr il~hkvlrz~ nl r`f wkzeb,


22/107

www,xrirf,gks

R`f Xrirf Bftizrmflrx wfjxnrf nxxvfx jihagzkvlb lkrfxtfznkbnhiee~ ijkvr hkvlrznfx izkvlb r`f wkzeb, Cnlb Rkgk ilbefizl mkzf ijkvr nrx xkhnie ilb tkenrnhie `nxrkz~,

www,txz,affef,ih,va+kccnhnie,`rm

R`nx xnrf nlhevbfx enlax rk iee r`f kccnhnie xnrfx ckz gksfzlmflrxwkzebwnbf,

www,gfkgzit`~,ijkvr,hkm+enjziz~+mitx+jenlbfp,`rm

R`nx klenlf wkzeb ireix nlhevbfx mitx ilb gfkgzit`nhie

nlckzmirnkl% ilb fih` hkvlrz~ tigf hklrinlx enlax rkkr`fz xnrfx% xvh` ix r`f Enjziz~ kc Hklgzfxx% r`ir hklrinlhkmtzf`flxnsf `nxrkznhie% xkhnie% ilb tkenrnhie jihagzkvlb,

www,h~jfzxh`kkejvx,vl,kzg+nlcklirnkl+nlck,ixt

R`nx Vlnrfb Lirnklx xnrf ieekwx ~kv rk xfizh` ckz xrirnxrnhienlckzmirnkl ckz mfmjfz xrirfx kc r`f V,L,

www,wkzebnlckzmirnkl,hkm

R`nx xnrf tzksnbfx il ibbnrnklie xkvzhf kc hvzzflr ilb`nxrkznhie nlckzmirnkl ijkvr hkvlrznfx izkvlb r`f wkzeb,

`rrtx?++www,hni,gks+hni+tvjenhirnklx+cihrjkka+nlbfp,`rme

Wfjxnrf ckz HNI cihrjkka

www,nznllfwx,kzg

(Vlnrfb Lirnklx Kccnhf ckz r`f Hkkzbnlirkz kc @vmilnriznil Iccinzx.

www,ieeicznhi,hkm+rkgk kz www,icznhirnmf,hkm (Czflh`.

R`nx xnrf tzksnbfx vt-rk-birf nlckzmirnkl kl tkenrnhie ilbxtkzrnlg fsflrx nl Rkgk, IeeIcznhi iggzfgirfx ilb nlbfpfxhklrflr czkm ksfz 9:6 Icznhil lfwx kzgiln irnklx% tevx mkzf

r`il :44 kr`fz xkvzhfx% w`k izf zfxtklxnjef ckz r`fnz kwlzftkzrnlg ilb snfwx,

T F I H F H K Z T X::


23/107

Hkllfhr Wnr` Skevlrffzx ilb Kr`fz Nlsnrffx ir?

www,zths,kzg

R`nx nx r`f xnrf kc r`f Lirnklie Tfihf Hkztx Ixxkhnirnkl% mibfvt kc zfrvzlfb Skevlrffzx, Kl r`nx xnrf ~kv hil cnlb enlax rkiee r`f Wfj tigfx kc r`f cznflbx kc gzkvtx ckz mkxr hkvlrznfxkc xfzsnhf% mibf vt kc ckzmfz Skevlrffzx w`k xfzsfb nl r`kxfhkvlrznfx, R`fzf izf iexk zfgnklie gzkvtx w`k czfyvflre~ gfrrkgfr`fz ckz xkhnie fsflrx ilb ekhie skevlrffz ihrnsnrnfx, Kzgk xrzing`r rk r`f Cznflbx kc Rkgk xnrf? www,cznflbxkcrkgk,kzg+

`rrt?++www,zthswfjznlg,kzgR`nx xnrf nx alkwl ix r`f Zfrvzlfb Tfihf Hkztx SkevlrffzWfj znlg, Jzkwxf r`f Wfj znlg ilb xff wìr ckzmfz

Skevlrffzx izf xi~nlg ijkvr r`fnz xfzsnhf,

www,tfihfhkztxwznrfzx,kzg

R`nx xnrf nx `kxrfb j~ i gzkvt kc zfrvzlfb Skevlrffz wznrfzx,Nr nx i mklrè~ klenlf tvjenhirnkl kc fxxi~x ilb Skevlrffzihhkvlrx kc r`fnz Tfihf Hkztx xfzsnhf,

`rrt?++hkmmvlnr~,tfihfhkztxhkllfhr,kzg+

Hkllfhrfb Tfihf HkztxR`nx xnrf nx xnmneiz rk Cihfjkka% jvr ckhvxfb kle~ kl ZTHSx%hvzzflr THSx ilb xricc% ilb tzkxtfhrnsf skevlrffzx,

`rrt?++gzkvtx,~i`kk,hkm+gzkvt+tfihfhkztx:+

R`nx î`kk xnrf `kxrx i jveefrnl jkizb w`fzf tzkxtfhrnsf Skevlrffzx ilb zfrvzlfb Skevlrffzx hil hkmf rkgfr`fz,

Rkgk-E Enxr Xfzsf

Rkgk-E nx il fefhrzklnh mine bnxhvxxnkl enxr xtklxkzfb j~ r`fCznflbx kc Rkgk% Nlh,% i lkltzkcnr fbvhirnklie ilb xfzsnhfkzgiln irnkl hzfirfb nl 9>09, Rk xvjxhznjf% xflb il fminemfxxigf rk? enxrxfzsDenxrxfzs,IKE,hkm



24/107

Efisf r`f Xvjofhr izfi jeila (nc ~kvz fmine xkcrwizfzfyvnzfx xkmfr`nlg% tvr il~r`nlg ~kv enaf% kz ovxr p., Nl r`fjkb~ kc r`f mfxxigf izfi% wznrf? XVJXHZNJF Rkgk-E ~kvzlimf,

Nlxfzr ~kvz cnzxr ilb eixr limfx nl teihf kc ~kvz limf(wnr`kvr yvkrirnkl mizax.,

^kv wnee jf zfyvfxrfb rk hklcnzm ~kvz xvjxhzntrnkl j~ zfte~nlgrk i hklcnzmirnkl zfyvfxr mfxxigf wnr` r`f xnmtef mfxxigfKA (wnr`kvr yvkrirnkl mizax., Nc ~kv `isf bnccnhver~

xvjxhznjnlg% hklrihr r`f Rkgk-E enxr kwlfz ir r`f ckeekwnlgfmine ibbzfxx? Rkgk-E-zfyvfxrDIKE,hkm

Hkllfhr wnr` tzfxflre~ xfzsnlg Skevlrffzx

R`zkvg` xkhnie lfrwkzanlg xvh` ix cihfjkka,hkmJekgx (Gkkgef? Tfihf Hkztx Rkgk jekgx.

Klenlf Izrnhefx+Hvzzflr Lfwx ilb Nlrfzlirnklie Bfsfektmflr

Xnrfx Ijkvr Rkgk`rrt?++www,vchrkgk,hkm+xkmminzf,t`t8 (nl Czflh`.`rrt?++www,rkgkckzvm,hkm+ (nl Czflh`.`rrt?++www,nhnekmf,hkm+ (nl Czflh`.`rrt?++www,zftvjenhkcrkgk,hkm+cz+`kmf,ixt (nl Czflh`.`rrt?++www,efrkgkeinx,hkm+ (nl Czflh`.`rrt?++www,rkgkgekjf,hkm+ (nl Flgenx`.`rrt?++www,bnixrkbf,kzg (nl Flgenx` ilb Czflh`.`rrt?++www,gzit`nhmitx,hkm+wfjnmigf+hkvlrz~x+icznhi+rg,`rm(mitx ilb cihrx ijkvr Rkgk nl Flgenx`.`rrt?++www,icznhickhvx,kzg+hkvlrz~+rkgk,t`t (nl Flgenx`.`rrt?++www,rkgk-rkvznxmf,hkm+flg+rkgk[wfehkmf,`rme`rrt?++frnimf,hkm`rrt?++www,rkgkhvervzfx,hkm

T F I H F H K Z T X:2


25/107

Czflh` Eilgvigf WfjxnrfxNr nx i gkkb nbfi rk tzihrnhf Czflh` ix mvh` ix tkxxnjef jfckzf

~kvz bftizrvzf, Ekhie eilgvigf nlxrzvhrnkl wnee jf fprzfmfe~nmtkzrilr w`fl ~kv jfgnl ~kvz rzinlnlg nl-hkvlrz~% ilb nr hilkle~ jfgnl w`fl ~kvz Czflh` efsfe nx xvccnhnflre~ ibsilhfb,R`f ckeekwnlg czff wfjxnrfx mi~ jf vxfcve?

Czflh` Eilgvigf Gvnbf wnr` Xkvlb?`rrt?++www,eilgvigfgvnbf,kzg+czilhinx+

Xfsfzie enlax rk JJH klenlf hkvzxfx wnr` snbfk hentx?`rrt?++www,jjh,hk,va+eilgvigfx+czflh`+nlbfp,x`rme`rrt?++www,jjh,hk,va+eilgvigfx+czflh`+eo+ `rrt?++www,jjh,hk,va+eilgvigfx+czflh`+fptfznflhf+

Jixnh Czflh` Gzimmiz Xnrf (lk xkvlb.?`rrt?++www,ovmt-girf,hkm+eilgvigfx+czflh`+

wkzbTZKC% Czflh` Skhijveiz~ Klenlf (nlhevbnlgnlrfzihrnsf xhflfx.?`rrt?++www,wkzbtzkc,hkm+

Czflh` Rvrkznie?`rrt?++www,czflh`rvrkznie,hkm

IZRCE Czflh`-Flgenx` ilb Flgenx`-Czflh` Bnhrnkliznfx?`rrt?++`vmilnrnfx,vh`nhigk,fbv+kzgx+IZRCE+ckzmx[vlzfxr+CZ-FLG,`rme

I Wfier` kc Enlax rk Zfxkvzhfx kl Czilhkt`klf Icznhi?`rrt?++www,`vm,tkzr,ih,va+xeix+czilhkt`klf+czih-nl4,`rm



26/107

T F I H F H K Z T X:3

Zfhkmmflbfb Jkkax?

9, Bfhiek% Ximvfe, @nxrkznhie Bnhrnkliz~ kc Rkgk , 8zbFbnrnkl, Mfrvh`fl% L,O,% Xhizfhzkw Tzfxx, 9>>3,

:, Ckzfngl Fhklkmnh Rzflbx ilb R`fnz Nmtenhirnklx?Rkgk, Eirfxr Fbnrnkl, Wix`nlgrkl% B,H,% Bftr, kc Hkmmfzhf% Nlrfzlirnklie Rzibf Ibmnlnxrzirnkl,

8, Akvzkvmi% I`mibkv, Winrnlg ckz r`f Skrf kc r`f Wneb Ilnmiex , Vlnsfzxnr~ Tzfxx kc Snzgnlni, :449 (Rzilxeirfbczkm Czflh`.,

2, Efwnx% Rkm ilb Ovlgmil% Zkjfzr, Kl Jfnlg Ckzfngl?Hvervzf X`kha nl X`kzr Cnhrnkl, Nlrfzhvervzie Tzfxx,9>03

6, Lfwrkl% Iefp, Wfxr Icznhi% I Rzisfe Xvzsnsie Anr, Iefp Lfwrkl, Jfzafef~% Hienc,% Eklfe~ Teilfr, 9>00,

3, Tihafz% Gfkzgf, R`f Sneeigf kc Winrnlg, Lfw ^kza%L,^,? Cizziz% Xrzivx ilb Gnzkvp1 9 fbnrnkl, :449,

7, Tnkr% H`izefx, Zfmkrfe~ Gekjie? Sneeigf Mkbfzlnr~ nl

Wfxr Icznhi , H`nhigk% Vlnsfzxnr~ kc H`nhigk Tzfxx,

Jkkax Ijkvr r`f @nxrkz~ kc r`f Tfihf Hkztx

9, @kccmil% Fen ijfr` Hkjjx, Iee ^kv Lffb nx Eksf? R`f Tfihf Hkztx ilb r`f Xtnznr kc r`f 9>34x, Himjznbgf%Mixx,? @izsizb Vlnsfzxnr~ Tzfxx% :444,

:, Znhf% Gfzieb R, R`f Jkeb Fptfznmflr? OCAx TfihfHkztx, Lkrzf Bimf% Nlb,? Vlnsfzxnr~ kc Lkrzf BimfTzfxx% 9>06,

8, Xrkxxfe% Xhkrr, Xizgf?R`f Encf ilb Rnmfx kc Xizgflr X`znsfz, Wix`nlgrkl% B,H,? Xmnr`xklnil NlxrnrvrnklTzfxx% :442,


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2, Evhix% H, Ti~lf wnr` Afsnl Ekwr`fz% Afftnlg Afllfb~x Tzkmnxf, 9>70, Klenlf fb, :44:,(Lkrf? H, Ti~lf Evhix wix Tfihf Hkztx Rkgkx cnzxrHkvlrz~ Bnzfhrkz,.,

Jkkax kl r`f Skevlrffz Fptfznflhf

9, Jilfzoff% Bneekl, Xk ^kv Wilr rk Oknl r`f Tfihf Hkztx?Wìr rk Alkw Jfckzf ^kv Gk , Jfzafef~% HI? Rfl XtffbTzfxx% :444,

:, Hixfjker% Mizokznf BfMkxx, Mizgiznri? I Gvirfmieil Tfihf Hkztx Fptfznflhf, Gng @izjkz% Wix`,? Zfb IttefTvjenx`nlg% :444,

8, Bnzeim% Xìzkl, Jf~klb Xnjfzni? Rwk ^fizx nl i Ckzgkrrfl Teihf, Xilri Jizjizi% Hienc,? MhXfixJkkax% :442,

2, Fzbmil% Xizi`, Lnlf @neex rk Limjklaiì? Rwk ^fizxnl r`f @fizr kc il Icznhil Sneeigf, Lfw ^kza% L,^,?Tnhibkz% :448,

6, @fzzfzi% Xvxili, Milgk Feftìlrx nl r`f Xvl, @kw Encf nl il Icznhil Sneeigf Efr Mf Jf nl M~ Xanl, Jkxrkl% MI? Xìmjìei% :444

3, @fxxefz% Tfrfz, Znsfz Rkwl? Rwk fizx kl r`f îlgr f, Lfw kza% L, ,? Tfzfllnie% :449,

7, Afllfb~% Gfziebnlf fb, Czkm r`f Hflrfz kc r`f Fizr`? Xrkznfx kvr kc r`f Tfihf Hkztx, Xilri Mklnhi% Hienc,?Hek sfz Tiza Tzfxx% 9>>9,

0, R`kmtxfl% Mkznr , Ensnlg Tkkz? I Tfihf HkztxH`zklnhef, Xfirref% Wix`,? Vlnsfzxnr~ kc Wix nlgrklTzfxx% 9>>7 (zftznlr.,


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29/107

ENSN LG HKLBNRNKLX ILBSKEV LRFFZ ENCFXRÊF

Hkmmvlnhirnklx

Mine R`f tkxrie x~xrfm nl Rkgk nx gkkb j~ zfgnklie xrilbizbx,@kwfsfz% nr nx lkw`fzf lfiz ix fccnhnflr ix r`f V,X, tkxrie

x~xrfm, Nl gflfzie% efrrfzx wnee riaf rwk rk cnsf wffax rkizznsf% xkmfrnmfx eklgfz bftflbnlg kl i m~znib kc nlcevflhfxix bnsfzxf ix xfixklie xekwbkwlx rk Tiznx inztkzr xrznafx,Tihaigfx wnee riaf eklgfz1 eizgf tihaigfx xflr xvzcihf mineìsf jffl alkwl rk riaf xnp mklr`x rk i ~fiz rk izznsf, ^kvx`kveb rfee cimne~ ilb cznflbx rk xflb kle~ xmiee tihaigfxvlbfz 6 tkvlbx ilb iewi~x rk vxf inzmine, R`fzf izf nmtkzrbvrnfx efsnfb kl tihaigfx izznsnlg nl Rkgk jixfb kl r`f xrirfb

sievf kc r`f hklrflrx, I wfee-nlxvzfb tihaigf% w`nef mkzfenafe~ rk izznsf nlrihr% wnee hkxr ~kv mvh` mkzf kl r`nx flb ilbnx lkr r`f jfxr ktrnkl, Nr nx lkr vl`fizb kc rk zfhfnsf tihaigfx

iezfib~ ktflfb ilb wnr` nrfmx mnxxnlg kz bimigfb,

R`fzf nx i zfgveiz wffae~ Fptzfxx Mine Xfzsnhf (FMX. ckz Skevlrffzx jfrwffl r`f Tfihf Hkztx kccnhf nl Ekm ilbxfsfzie mine tknlrx r`zkvg`kvr Rkgk, Jfxnbfx FMX% Skevlrffzxnl xkmf hnrnfx ìsf r`fnz kwl tkxr kccnhf jkpfx% nlbnsnbviee~% kzix i gzkvt,

Bvznlg ~kvz tzf-xfzsnhf rzinlnlg ilb r`zkvg`kvr ~kvz xfzsnhf ~kv mi~ zfhfnsf efrrfzx ilb tihaigfx ir r`f ckeekwnlg ibbzfxx?

THR + THS ~kvz limf

Hkztx bf ei TinpJ,T, 89>2Ekm% RkgkWfxr Icznhi

I W F E H K M F J K K A R K G K :>


30/107

Rfeft`klfx Rkgk ìx i cinze~ gkkb hkmmvlnhirnklx x~xrfm, I rfeft`klfx~xrfm enlax iee r`f zfgnklie ilb bnxrznhr hitnriex% ilb r`fxfenlfx izf cinze~ zfenijef (fphftr bvznlg r`f zinl~ xfixkl% w`fljzfiabkwlx bk ìttfl., R`f rfeft`klf x~xrfmx nl Ekm ilbwnr`nl kr`fz vzjil izfix izf zfenijef% ilb r`fzf nx wkza nltzkgzfxx rk bkvjef r`f hitihnr~ kc r`fxf x~xrfmx,

Tfihf Hkztx Skevlrffzx hil fixne~ hkmmvlnhirf sni rfeft`klfwnr` r`fnz cimnenfx, R`nx bkfx lkr mfil ~kv wnee ìsf irfeft`klf isineijef ir ~kvz xnrf% jvr iee zfgnklie hitnriex kccfz

gkkb t`klf xfzsnhf rk r`f V,X, T`klf xfzsnhf hklrnlvfx rknmtzksf ix mkzf ilb mkzf hijnlfx (rfeft`klf jkkr`x. xfr vtx`kt r`zkvg`kvr r`f hkvlrz~, Skevlrffzx gflfziee~ izzilgfnl ibsilhf rk zfhfnsf t`klf hieex czkm tfktef nl r`f VlnrfbXrirfx% w`nh` miafx nr mvh` efxx fptflxnsf rìl hieenlg r`fVlnrfb Xrirfx czkm Rkgk, Skevlrffzx izf lkr tfzmnrrfb rkmiaf tfzxklie hieex czkm r`f Tfihf Hkztx kccnhf nl Ekm% jvrr`f~ mi~ zfhfnsf hieex r`fzf, Hkeefhr hieex% kz hieex rk 9-044lvmjfzx% hillkr jf mibf czkm Rkgk rk r`f Vlnrfb Xrirfx,

R`fzf nx i cnsf-`kvz rnmf bnccfzflhf jfrwffl Rkgk ilb r`f

V,X, Fixr Hkixr (ckvz bvznlg Bi~eng`r Xisnlgx Rnmf.,

Hfeet`klf zfhftrnkl nx fptilbnlg r`zkvg`kvr Rkgk ilb mkxr Skevlrffzx flb vt jv~nlg hfeet`klfx ekhiee~, @kwfsfz% kwlnlgi hfeet`klf nx lkr zfyvnzfb j~ Tfihf Hkztx ilb hil xkmfrnmfxjf fptflxnsf kl i Skevlrffz ieekwilhf, Cvzr`fzmkzf% r`fzf nxlk gvizilrff kc hfeet`klf zfhftrnkl ir nlbnsnbvie Skevlrffzxnrfx,

R`fzf izf cip enlfx enlanlg Rkgk wnr` kr`fz hkvlrznfx iee ksfzr`f wkzeb, Ekm ìx mkxr kc r`f cip hitijnenr~% jvr xkmfzfgnklie hitnriex ìsf cip enlfx ix wfee,



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I W F E H K M F J K K A R K G K

Hkmtvrfz% Nlrfzlfr% ilb F-mine Ihhfxx Nlrfzlfr xfzsnhf tzksnbfzx ktfzirf nl Rkgk ilb Nlrfzlfr hicxizf jfhkmnlg mkzf zfibne~ isineijef iee ksfz r`f hkvlrz~,Nlrfzlfr t`klf isineijnenr~ tzksnbfx i h`fitfz ktrnkl rìleilbenlfx, Nlrfzlfr hkllfhrnklx izf sfz~ xekw ilb tznhfx siz~,Bk lkr fptfhr rk jf ijef rk bkwlekib il~r`nlg,

@kvxnlg ilb Xnrf Ekhirnkl

Skevlrffzx nl Rkgk izf tzksnbfb `kvxnlg ix tizr kc r`fhkmmvlnr~x hklrznjvrnkl rk r`fnz wkza, Mkxr Rkgk Skevlrffzxensf nl sneeigfx nl i rwk- kz r`zff-zkkm `kvxf% mkxr enafe~ nli hkmtkvlb wnr` i Rkgkefxf cimne~, Xkmf Skevlrffz `kvxfxìsf rnl zkkcx1 i cfw ìsf xrziw zkkcx, Nr nx vlenafe~ rìr ~kvwnee ìsf zvllnlg wirfz kz fefhrznhnr~% ier`kvg` r`f~ izf mkzfhkmmkl nl eizgfz hnr~ tkxrx, Wirfz xkvzhfx nl sneeigfx hil jfrzibnrnklie wfeex% jkzf-`kefx fyvnttfb wnr` tvmtx% hnxrfzlx%ilb lirvzie wirfz xkvzhfxnl xkmf hixfx% znsfzx, Wìrfsfz

~kvz xkvzhf kc bznlanlg wirfz% ~kv wnee ìsf rk rzfir nrjfckzf vxf,

Ensnlg Ieekwilhf ilb Mklf~ Miligfmflr

Ix i Skevlrffz% ~kv zfhfnsf i mklrè~ ensnlg ieekwilhf kc 9:>%444 HCI% zkvgè~ fyvnsieflr rk ":06xvccnhnflr rk ensfir i mkbfxr efsfe nl ~kvz hkmmvlnr~, ^kv wnee iexk zfhfnsf ixfrrenlg-nl ieekwilhf rk bfczi~ r`f nlnrnie hkxrx kc xfrrnlg vti `kvxf`keb, Jkr` ieekwilhfx izf tinb nl ekhie hvzzflh~, R`fensnlg ieekwilhf nx bftkxnrfb nlrk Skevlrffzx jila ihhkvlrxkl i yvizrfze~ jixnx% w`nh` mfilx ~kv ìsf rk miligf ~kvzmklf~ wfee rk isknb zvllnlg kvr jfckzf r`f flb kc r`f yvizrfz,Mil~ Skevlrffzx jila ihhkvlrx izf nl klf kc r`f cnsf zfgnkliehitnriex% w`nh` mfilx ~kv wnee lkzmiee~ riaf ir efixr klf rznt

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rk r`f zfgnklie hitnrie fih` mklr`, Nr nx nlibsnxijef rk affteizgf xvmx kc mklf~ ir `kmf,

Nl hixf kc fmfzgflh~% r`fzf izf iexk SNXI ilb Mixrfzhizb IRMx nl Ekm% w`nef Wfxrfzl Vlnkl hil jf ckvlblfize~ fsfz~w`fzf,

Ckkb ilb Bnfr

^kvz bnfr wnee hklxnxr kc ekhiee~ gzkwl ckkbx kz i hkmjnlirnklkc ekhie ilb nmtkzrfb rnllfb ckkbx, I r~tnhie Rkgkefxf mfienx i hizjk`~bzirf-jixf znhf% ~imx% trf (jknefb hkzl mfiekz cekvz. kz cvcv (tkvlbfb w`nrf ~imx.% ihhkmtilnfb j~ i

siznfr~ kc `kr% xtnh~ xivhfx, Znhf ilb jfilx% vxviee~ firflir jzfiacixr% nx ilkr`fz hkmmkl mfie, Mfir nx isineijefr`zkvg`kvr Rkgk% jvr nr nx fptflxnsf1 czfx` cnx` nx kle~isineijef nl eizgfz rkwlx,

Czvnrx ilb sfgfrijefx izf xfixklie% khhixnkliee~ mianlg nrbnccnhver ckz sfgfriznilx rk ib`fzf rk i xkvlb bnfr% fxtfhniee~nl r`f mkzf zfmkrf izfix, Xkmf Skevlrffzx teilr sfgfrijefgizbflx rk xvttefmflr r`fnz bnfr, Nc lkr% ~kv hil cnlb mkxr

kc ~kvz ckkb nl r`f lfizfxr hnrnfx kz wffae~ mizafrx, Xmieefz sneeigfx kcrfl tzksnbf kle~ jixnh ckkb xvttenfx, ^kv mi~ lffbrk rzisfe rk eizgfz rkwlx ckz sfgfrijefx ilb xtfhncnh nrfmx%fxtfhniee~ bvznlg bz~ xfixkl,

Riaf ibsilrigf kc ~kvz `kxr cimne~x `kxtnrienr~ bvznlg tzf-xfzsnhf rzinlnlg (TXR% iexk zfcfzzfb rk ix xrigf nl Czflh`.,Efizl `kw rk hkka% xff `kw nlgzfbnflrx hil jfzfnlrfztzfrfb% frh,

RzilxtkzrirnklRkgkx minl lirnklie `ng`wi~ zvlx r`f eflgr` kc r`f hkvlrz~,Mkxr kc r`f zkib nx nl gkkb hklbnrnkl% jvr xkmf tizrx izf nl

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tkkz zftinz, R`fzf izf xfsfzie kr`fz xfhrnklx kc tisfb zkib%xkmf nl gkkb hklbnrnkl% kr`fzx lkr, Mkxr kc r`f ekhie zkibxnl Rkgk izf xilb kz bnzrsfz~ bvxr~ nl r`f bz~ xfixkl% sfz~mvbb~ nl r`f zinl~ xfixkl% ilb cvee kc tkr`kefx,

^kv wnee jf gnsfl il iee-rfzzinl jnh~hef ilb `femfr ckz ~kvzrzilxtkzrirnkl lffbx ir ~kvz xnrf, Cinevzf rk wfiz i `femfr hilzfxver nl ibmnlnxrzirnsf xftizirnkl czkm r`f Tfihf Hkztx,

W`fl rzisfenlg izkvlb r`f hkvlrz~% ~kv wnee vxf siz~nlgr~tfx kc rzilxtkzrirnkl, Ekm ìx mil~ tznsirf ripnx, Ripnx

iexk rzisfe czfyvflre~ jfrwffl Ekm ilb r`f eizgfz rkwlx nlr`f nlrfznkz, R`nx ripn rzisfe rflbx rk jf cinze~ nzzfgveiz ilbvlhkmckzrijef% jvr iewi~x nlrfzfxrnlg,

Vxf kc mkrkzh~hefx j~ Tfihf Hkztx Skevlrffzx nx gflfziee~tzk`njnrfb, @kwfsfz% r`fzf nx i rzilxtkzrirnkl tkenh~ nl Rkgk%ieekwnlg i cfw xtfhncnh Skevlrffzx nl nxkeirfb tkxrx rk znbfix tixxflgfzx kl mkrkzh~hefx w`nef rzisfenlg rk r`fnz xnrfx,R`fxf Skevlrffzx mvxr wfiz mkrkzh~hef `femfrx% tzksnbfb j~r`f Tfihf Hkztx,

Bnxrilhf czkm r`f sneeigfx rk r`f tzfcfhrkzie ilb zfgnklie

hitnriex mi~ jf il~w`fzf czkm 94 rk 34 anekmfrfzx, W`nefxkmf Skevlrffzx enaf jnanlg r`fxf bnxrilhfx% kr`fzx tzfcfzrianlg ekhie tvjenh rzilxtkzrirnkl% xvh` ix jvx` ripnx% rk r`flfizfxr mine tknlr% jila% kz x`kttnlg ekhirnkl,

R`f jkrrkm enlf% ilb vlckzrvlirfe~ r`f zfienr~ kc encf nl Rkgk%nx rìr rzisfe nx nl`fzflre~ mkzf znxa~ `fzf rìl wìr klfwkveb fptfznflhf vxnlg tvjenh rzilxtkzrirnkl nl r`f VlnrfbXrirfx, Tfihf Hkztx Skevlrffzx cnlb rìr r`fnz jnafx izfxvccnhnflr ckz mkxr wkza-zfeirfb rzisfe, Nl ibbnrnkl% Skevlrffzxizf hevxrfzfb xk rìr mkxr izf wnr`nl i jnaf znbf kc ilkr`fz

Skevlrffz, Nr nx vxviee~ lfhfxxiz~% `kwfsfz% rk vxf ekhierzilxtkzr (f,g,% jvx` ripnx. w`fl rzisfenlg eklg bnxrilhfx, J~ilb eizgf% r`f sf`nhefx (vxviee~ mnln-jvxfx kz Rk~kri xrirnkl



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wigklx. izf keb ilb tkkze~ minlrinlfb% ilb nr nx vlenafe~ rìrmil~ kc r`f bznsfzx wnee wnl xicf-bznsnlg iwizbx il~rnmf xkkl)

Tfihf Hkztx+Rkgk tzksnbfx i x`vrref jvx xfzsnhf (Ekm Enmk.rìr zvlx czkm r`f lkzr` kc r`f hkvlrz~ rk r`f hitnrie ilbjiha klhf i mklr`, R`f Tfihf Hkztx flhkvzigfx Skevlrffzxrk enmnr rzilxtkzr sni jvx` ripn, W`fl nr nx lfhfxxiz~ rk vxfjvx` ripnx% ~kv izf flhkvzigfb rk xfefhr wìr ittfizx rkjf r`f xicfxr sf`nhef isineijef ilb rk gk wnr` bznsfzx w`kxfbznsnlg ìjnrx izf alkwl ilb zfixklijef, W`fl ~kv cnlb

~kvzxfec nl wìr ~kv hklxnbfz il vlxicf xnrvirnkl (f,g,% i

bznsfz rzisfenlg rkk cixr bfxtnrf ìsnlg jffl ixafb rk xekwbkwl.% ~kv x`kveb bfmilb rk jf efr kvr kc r`f sf`nhefnmmfbnirfe~, ^kvz fptfznflhfx nl tvjenh rzilxtkzr hilnlhzfixf ~kvz vlbfzxrilbnlg kc ekhie zfienrnfx (f,g,% mi~jftfktef izf eirf rk ~kvz mffrnlgx jfhivxf kc r`f hìeeflgfx kc ekhie rzilxtkzr., R`f jfxr xrzirfg~% `kwfsfz% nx rk mnlnmn frzisfe sni tvjenh rzilxtkzr ilb rk isknb iee lng`rrnmf rzisfe,

Gfkgzit`~ ilb Henmirf

Rkgk nx i xmiee hkvlrz~ kl r`f Wfxr Icznhil hkixr, Kle~ 64anekmfrfzx wnbf nl xfhrnklx% nr xrzfrh`fx 344 anekmfrfzx nleilbczkm r`f Gvec kc Gvnlfi rk r`f xisilli kc Jvzanli Cixk nl r`flkzr`, Xnrvirfb jfrwffl Gìli rk r`f wfxr ilb Jflnl rk r`ffixr% nr nx zkvgè~ r`f xn f kc Wfxr Snzgnlni, Rkgk xvttkzrx ibnsfzxf tktveirnkl kc lfize~ 6 mneenkl ilb ìx mkzf rìl 64fr`lnh gzkvtx ilb eilgvigfx,

Rkgkx gfkgzit`~ nx minle~ xisilli-enaf% ier`kvg` xkmf izfixnl r`f hflrfz kc r`f hkvlrz~ izf cinze~ `nee~, R`f zinl~ xfixkleixrx czkm Ovlf rk Xftrfmjfz nl r`f lkzr` ilb czkm Mi~ rkKhrkjfz nl r`f xkvr`, R`f zfxr kc r`f ~fiz nx bz~ ilbbkmnlirfb j~ bz~ ìzmirril wnlbx hkmnlg kcc r`f Xiìzi,Rfmtfzirvzfx zilgf czkm r`f 74x ilb 04x nl r`f xkvr`% rk



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r`f 04x ilb >4x nl r`f lkzr`, Nl r`f mklr`x jfckzf r`f zinlx%r`f rfmtfzirvzfx izf `ng`fz% zfih`nlg r`f ekw `vlbzfbx nlr`f lkzr`,

Xkhnie Ihrnsnrnfx

Rkgkefxf izf fprzfmfe~ xkhnie% ilb mkxr xkhnie ihrnsnrnfxhflrfz izkvlb hkmmvlnr~ fsflrx, Siznkvx hfzfmklnfx ilbcrfx izf `feb r`zkvg`kvr r`f ~fiz ilb Skevlrffz irrflbilhfnx iewi~x wfee ittzfhnirfb, Nl ibbnrnkl% Skevlrffzx gfr

rkgfr`fz kl bnccfzflr khhixnklx% fsfl nc nr nx ovxr ckz i zfgnkliemffrnlg, ^kvz xkhnie encf wnee jf ix jvx~ ix ~kv hizf rk miaf nr,

Tzkcfxxnklienxm% Bzfxx% ilb Jfìsnkz

Rkgkefxf% enaf tfktef fsfz~w`fzf% wnee miaf ovbgmflrxijkvr ~kv nl rfzmx kc `kw ~kv ihr ilb `kw ~kv bzfxx,Bzfxx nl r`f Wfxr Icznhil hklrfpr nx i xngl kc zfxtfhr ilbtzkcfxxnklienxm~kv x`kw zfxtfhr ckz hkeefigvfx j~ `kw ~kvbzfxx, W`nef ittzktznirf bzfxx ilb jfìsnkz wnee jf bnxhvxxfb

bvznlg tzf-xfzsnhf rzinlnlg% ~kv x`kveb iexk riaf hvfx czkm ~kvz hkeefigvfx klhf ~kv izf ir ~kvz xnrf, Rkgkefxf jvxnlfxxirrnzfir efixr kvrxnbf Ekmrflbx rk jf mkzf hixvierìl nl r`f Vlnrfb Xrirfx, ^kv wnee cnlb% `kwfsfz% rìr ~kvzRkgkefxf hkvlrfztizrx izf nlsiznije~ wfee gzkkmfb ilb wfiztzfxxfb% hefil hekr`nlg, Rng`r% ckzm-cnrrnlg hekr`nlg ckz wkmflkz hekr`nlg fptkxnlg r`f xrkmih`% jiha% x`kvebfzx kz alffxnx iemkxr lfsfz ittzktznirf, R`f ximf nx rzvf ckz x`kzrx ilbzvjjfz cent-cektx ckz jkr` mfl ilb wkmfl bvznlg tzkcfxxnkliemffrnlgx% w`fr`fz nl ~kvz sneeigf kz nl r`f zfgnklie hitnrie,



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Rk gvnbf ~kv% Tfihf Hkztx Rkgk Skevlrffzx ìsf fxrijenx`fbr`f ckeekwnlg bzfxx hkbf ckz wkza xnrvirnklx?

9, Lk x`kzrx:, Lk ritfrrf-xr~ef (n,f,% zvjjfz. nt- ktx8, Lk ìerfzx+xtig`frrn xrzitx% frh, ckz wkmfl2, Hkeeizfb x`nzrx ckz mfl+hefil R-x`nzrx6, Xvtte~ kc x`kfx+hekr`fx nl Skevlrffz ekvlgf ir r`f kc hf,

Fpimtefx kc ckzmie wkza xnrvirnklx? Fsfz~w`fzf nl r`f kccnhf%fphevbnlg THS ekvlgf% xflxnjnenxirnklx (n,f,% hkmmvlnr~

rzinlnlgx.% Tfihf Hkztx rzinlnlgx wnr` hkvlrfztizrx% TfihfHkztx Skevlrffz rzinlnlg ilb tzf-xfzsnhf rzinlnlg,

Tefixf lkrf rìr nl i wkza xnrvirnkl tzkcfxxnklie wkmfl bklkr wfiz hekr`fx rìr zfsfie r`fnz x`kvebfzx kz alffx,

Tfzxklie Xicfr~

Mkzf bfrinefb nlckzmirnkl ijkvr r`f Tfihf Hkztx ittzkih`rk xicfr~ nx hklrinlfb nl r`f @fier` Hizf ilb Xicfr~ hìtrfz%jvr nr nx il nmtkzrilr nxxvf ilb hillkr jf ksfzfmtìxn fb, Ix

xrirfb nl r`f Skevlrffz @ilbjkka % jfhkmnlg i Tfihf Hkztx Skevlrffz flrinex hfzrinl xicfr~ znxax, Ensnlg ilb rzisfenlgnl il vlcimneniz flsnzklmflr (kcrflrnmfx ieklf.% ìsnlg ienmnrfb vlbfzxrilbnlg kc ekhie eilgvigf ilb hvervzf% ilbjfnlg tfzhfnsfb ix wfee-kcc izf xkmf kc r`f cihrkzx rìr hiltvr i Skevlrffz ir znxa, Mil~ Skevlrffzx fptfznflhf siz~nlgbfgzffx kc vlwilrfb irrflrnkl ilb ìzixxmflr, Tfrr~ r`fcrxilb jvzgeiznfx izf lkr vlhkmmkl% ilb nlhnbflrx kc t`~xnhieilb xfpvie ixxiver bk khhvz% ier`kvg` mkxr Rkgk Skevlrffzxhkmtefrf r`fnz rwk ~fizx kc xfzsnhf wnr`kvr tfzxklie xfhvznr~nlhnbflrx, R`f Tfihf Hkztx ìx fxrijenx`fb tzkhfbvzfx ilbtkenhnfx bfxnglfb rk `fet ~kv zfbvhf ~kvz znxax ilb flìlhf


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~kvz xicfr~ ilb xfhvznr~, R`fxf tzkhfbvzfx ilb tkenhnfx%nl ibbnrnkl rk xicfr~ rzinlnlg% wnee jf tzksnbfb klhf ~kvizznsf nl Rkgk, Ir r`f ximf rnmf% ~kv izf fptfhrfb rk riafzfxtklxnjnenr~ ckz ~kvz xicfr~ ilb wfee-jfnlg,

Fih` xricc mfmjfz ir r`f Tfihf Hkztx nx hkmmnrrfbrk tzksnbnlg Skevlrffzx wnr` r`f xvttkzr r`f~ lffb rkxvhhfxxcvee~ mffr r`f hìeeflgfx r`f~ wnee cihf rk ìsf i xicf%`fier`~% ilb tzkbvhrnsf xfzsnhf, Wf flhkvzigf Skevlrffzx ilbcimnenfx rk ekka ir kvz xicfr~ ilb xfhvznr~ nlckzmirnkl kl r`fTfihf Hkztx wfjxnrf ir www,tfihfhkztx,gks+xicfr~,

Nlckzmirnkl kl r`fxf tigfx gnsfx mfxxigfx kl Skevlrffz`fier` ilb Skevlrffz xicfr~, I snbfk mfxxigf czkm r`fBnzfhrkz nx kl r`nx tigf% ix wfee ix i xfhrnkl rnrefb Xicfr~ ilbXfhvznr~ nl Bftr`, R`nx tigf enxrx rktnhx zilgnlg czkm r`fznxax kc xfzsnlg ix i Skevlrffz rk tkxrx xicfr~ xvttkzr x~xrfmxrk fmfzgflh~ teillnlg ilb hkmmvlnhirnklx,

Zfwizbx ilb Czvxrzirnklx

Wìr nx hklxnbfzfb i hìeeflgf kz i zfwizb siznfx czkm tfzxklrk tfzxkl% jvr hfzrinle~ ~kv wnee cnlb ~kvzxfec ìsnlg rk ibitrrk bnccfzflr tfzhftrnklx% ckz fpimtef% kc rnmf ilb tzkbvhrnsnr~,Cfmief Skevlrffzx wnee ìsf rk bfie wnr` r`f zfienr~ rìr Rkgknx sfz~ mvh` i tirznizhìe xkhnfr~% mfilnlg rìr mfl izfgflfziee~ ihhkzbfb mkzf tkwfz ilb zfxtfhr rìl wkmfl, ^kvmi~ xtflb i ekr kc r`f rnmf jfnlg rkriee~ jiccefb ix rk w`~r`nlgx izf rvzlnlg kvr ix r`f~ izf,

R`f tkrflrnie zfwizbx% `kwfsfz% ciz kvrwfng` il~ hìeeflgfx,^kv wnee iemkxr nlfsnrije~ cnlb ~kvzxfec tizr kc i hekxf-alnrhkmmvlnr~% vlenaf il~r`nlg ~kv ìsf fptfznflhfb nl Imfznhi,

^kv wnee zfhfnsf r`f xirnxcihrnkl kc jfnlg ijef rk xìzf ~kvz


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Tìxf NN nx iexk sfz~ nlrflxnsf% jvr nr hflrfzx kl rfh`lnhierzinlnlg, Eilgvigf heixxfx wnee hklrnlvf% ilb rfh`lnhiemirfznie wnee nlhzfixnlge~ jf tzfxflrfb ilb tzihrnhfb nlCzflh`, Xkmf rzinlffx wnee jfgnl ekhie eilgvigf heixxfx bvznlgr`nx tìxf% bftflbnlg kl r`fnz efsfe kc Czflh`, Xicfr~ ilbxfhvznr~ rzinlnlg ilb mfbnhie+`fier` rzinlnlg iexk hklrnlvf,

Bvznlg r`f xfhklb kz r`nzb wffa kc rzinlnlg% ~kvz ixxkhnirfTfihf Hkztx bnzfhrkz (ITHB. wnee nlrfzsnfw ~kv ijkvrtkxxnjef xnrfx rk `fet nbflrnc~ i tkxr rìr nx enlafb rk ~kvzxaneex% nlrfzfxrx% ilb lffbx, Bvznlg r`f xfsflr` kz fng`r`

wffa% ~kv wnee xtflb i wffa ir ~kvz xnrf, R`nx wnee jf ~kvzcnzxr hklrihr wnr` ~kvz cvrvzf xnrf ilb wnee tzksnbf il nbfi kc wìr zfie Skevlrffz encf nx enaf% wìr wkza ktrnklx fpnxr% ilbil kttkzrvlnr~ rk alkw mkzf kc Rkgk, Nr iexk gnsfx ~kv ijzfia czkm r`f nlrflxf% xrzvhrvzfb zfgnmf kc r`f tzf-xfzsnhfrzinlnlg xh`fbvef,

Rfh lnhie Rzinlnlg Rfh`lnhie rzinlnlg wnee tzftizf ~kv rk wkza nl Rkgk j~jvnebnlg kl r`f xaneex ~kv iezfib~ ìsf ilb `fetnlg ~kvbfsfekt lfw xaneex nl i millfz ittzktznirf rk r`f lffbx kc r`f hkvlrz~, R`f Tfihf Hkztx xricc% Rkgk fptfzrx% ilb hvzzflr

Skevlrffzx wnee hklbvhr r`f rzinlnlg tzkgzim, Rzinlnlg teihfxgzfir fmtìxnx kl efizlnlg `kw rk rzilxcfz r`f xaneex ~kv ìsfrk r`f hkmmvlnr~ nl w`nh` ~kv wnee xfzsf ix i Skevlrffz,

Rfh`lnhie rzinlnlg wnee nlhevbf xfxxnklx kl r`f gflfziefhklkmnh ilb tkenrnhie flsnzklmflr nl Rkgk ilb xrzirfgnfxckz wkzanlg wnr`nl xvh` i czimfwkza, ^kv wnee zfsnfw ~kvzrfh`lnhie xfhrkzx gkiex ilb wnee mffr wnr` r`f Rkgk igflhnfxilb kzgiln irnklx rìr nlsnrfb r`f Tfihf Hkztx rk ixxnxr r`fm,^kv wnee jf xvttkzrfb ilb mklnrkzfb j~ r`f rzinlnlg xricc r`zkvg`kvr r`f 99 wffax% rk `fet ~kv bfsfekt+zfnlckzhf r`fhklcnbflhf ilb xaneex ~kv wnee lffb rk vlbfzriaf ~kvz tzkofhrihrnsnrnfx ilb jf i tzkbvhrnsf mfmjfz kc ~kvz hkmmvlnr~,


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T F I H F H K Z T X

zkef ix i cihnenrirkz kc bfsfektmflr, ^kv wnee jf fptkxfb rkrktnhx xvh` ix hkmmvlnr~ mkjnen irnkl% hklcenhr zfxkevrnkl%gflbfz ilb bfsfektmflr% lklckzmie ilb ibver fbvhirnklxrzirfgnfx% ilb tkenrnhie xrzvhrvzfx,

@fier` Rzinlnlg Bvznlg tzf-xfzsnhf rzinlnlg% ~kv wnee jf gnsfl jixnh mfbnhierzinlnlg ilb nlckzmirnkl, ^kv wnee jf fptfhrfb rk tzihrnhftzfsflrnsf `fier` hizf ilb rk riaf zfxtklxnjnenr~ ckz ~kvzkwl `fier` j~ ib`fznlg rk iee mfbnhie tkenhnfx, Rzinlffx izf

zfyvnzfb rk irrflb iee mfbnhie xfxxnklx, R`f rktnhx nlhevbftzfsflrnsf `fier` mfixvzfx ilb mnlkz ilb miokz mfbnhienxxvfx rìr ~kv mng`r flhkvlrfz w`nef nl Rkgk, Lvrznrnkl%mflrie `fier`% xicfr~ ilb xfhvznr~% xfrrnlg vt i xicf ensnlghkmtkvlb% ilb `kw rk isknb @NS+INBX ilb kr`fz XRBx izfiexk hksfzfb,

Xicfr~ Rzinlnlg

Bvznlg r`f xicfr~ rzinlnlg xfxxnklx% ~kv wnee efizl `kw rk

ibktr i encfxr~ef rìr zfbvhfx ~kvz znxax ir `kmf% ir wkza% ilbbvznlg ~kvz rzisfex, ^kv wnee iexk efizl ittzktznirf% fccfhrnsfxrzirfgnfx ckz hktnlg wnr` vlwilrfb irrflrnkl ilb ijkvr ~kvznlbnsnbvie zfxtklxnjnenr~ ckz tzkmkrnlg xicfr~ r`zkvg`kvr

~kvz xfzsnhf,

Ibbnrnklie Rzinlnlgx Bvznlg Skevlrffz Xfzsnhf

Nl nrx hkmmnrmflr rk nlxrnrvrnklien f yvienr~ rzinlnlg% r`fTfihf Hkztx ìx nmtefmflrfb i rzinlnlg x~xrfm rìr tzksnbfx

Skevlrffzx wnr` hklrnlvie kttkzrvlnrnfx rk fpimnlf r`fnzhkmmnrmflr rk Tfihf Hkztx xfzsnhf w`nef nlhzfixnlg r`fnz

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^KVZ @FIER@ HIZFILB XICFR^ NL RKGK

R`f Tfihf Hkztx `ng`fxr tznkznr~ nx minlrinlnlg r`f gkkb`fier` ilb xicfr~ kc fsfz~ Skevlrffz, Tfihf Hkztx mfbnhietzkgzimx fmtìxn f r`f tzfsflrnsf% zir`fz rìl r`f hvzirnsf%ittzkih` rk bnxfixf, R`f Tfihf Hkztx nl Rkgk minlrinlxi henlnh wnr` i cvee-rnmf mfbnhie kccnhfz% w`k riafx hizf kc

Skevlrffzx tznmiz~ `fier` hizf lffbx, Ibbnrnklie mfbnhiexfzsnhfx% xvh` ix rfxrnlg ilb jixnh rzfirmflr% izf iexkisineijef nl Rkgk ir ekhie `kxtnriex, Nc ~kv jfhkmf xfznkvxe~nee% ~kv wnee jf rzilxtkzrfb fnr`fz rk il Imfznhil-xrilbizbmfbnhie cihnenr~ nl r`f zfgnkl kz rk r`f Vlnrfb Xrirfx,

@fier` Nxxvfx nl Rkgk

Mkxr rzktnhie bnxfixfx izf flbfmnh nl Rkgk% ilb ix i Skevlrffz ~kv mvxr jf tzftizfb rk efizl ijkvr `fier`

ì izbx ilb rk riaf lfhfxxiz~ mfixvzfx rk tzkrfhr ~kvzxfec czkm r`fm, Tzktfz ckkb ilb wirfz rzfirmflr% hkmtenilhfwnr` mieizni tzkt`~eipnx% gkkb tfzxklie `~gnflf tzihrnhfx%ilb ib`fzflhf rk tfzxklie xicfr~ mfixvzfx izf fxxflrnie rki `fier`~ Skevlrffz fptfznflhf, Ibbnrnkliee~% ~kv mvxr jfwneenlg rk ibktr ittzktznirf jfìsnkzx rk tzkrfhr ~kvzxfec czkm@NS 9 ilb : ilb kr`fz xfpviee~ rzilxmnrrfb bnxfixfx% w`nhìzf tzfsieflr nl Rkgk,

Xwnmmnlg Znxax

Rkgkx hkixrie izfix izf imklg r`f mkxr bilgfzkvx nl r`fwkzeb ckz vltzfbnhrijef vlbfzrkwx ilb zntrnbfx, Ier`kvg` r`fjfih`fx izf jfivrncve% nr nx lkr ibsnxijef rk xwnm nl r`f wirfzx



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kcc r`f hkixr kc Rkgk% wnr` r`f fphftrnkl kc r`f wirfzx ir icfw tznsirf jfih`fx rìr izf tzkrfhrfb j~ zffcx,

@fetnlg ^kv Xri~ @fier`~

R`f Tfihf Hkztx wnee tzksnbf ~kv wnr` iee r`f lfhfxxiz~nlkhveirnklx% mfbnhirnklx% ilb nlckzmirnkl rk xri~ `fier`~,Vtkl ~kvz izznsie nl Rkgk% ~kv wnee zfhfnsf i mfbnhieìlbjkka, Ir r`f flb kc rzinlnlg% ~kv wnee zfhfnsf i mfbnhieanr wnr` xvttenfx rk riaf hizf kc mneb neelfxxfx ilb cnzxr-inb

lffbx, R`f hklrflrx kc r`f anr izf enxrfb eirfz nl r`nx hìtrfz,

Bvznlg tzf-xfzsnhf rzinlnlg% ~kv wnee ìsf ihhfxx rk jixnhmfbnhie xvttenfx r`zkvg` r`f mfbnhie kccnhfzx, @kwfsfz% ~kvwnee jf zfxtklxnjef ckz ~kvz kwl xvtte~ kc tzfxhzntrnkl bzvgxilb il~ kr`fz xtfhncnh mfbnhie xvttenfx ~kv zfyvnzf% ix r`fTfihf Hkztx wnee lkr kzbfz r`fxf nrfmx bvznlg rzinlnlg, Tefixfjznlg i r`zff-mklr` xvtte~ kc il~ tzfxhzntrnkl bzvgx ~kv vxf%xnlhf r`f~ mi~ lkr jf isineijef `fzf ilb nr mi~ riaf xfsfziemklr`x ckz x`ntmflrx rk izznsf, ^kv x`kveb iexk jznlg ksfz-r`f-hkvlrfz bzvgx ~kv wnee lffb ckz r`f cnzxr cfw bi~x kc rzinlnlg

^kv wnee ìsf t`~xnhiex ir mnbxfzsnhf ilb ir r`f flb kc ~kvzxfzsnhf, Nc ~kv bfsfekt i xfznkvx mfbnhie tzkjefm bvznlg ~kvzxfzsnhf% r`f mfbnhie kccnhfz nl Rkgk wnee hklxver wnr` r`f Kccnhfkc Mfbnhie Xfzsnhfx nl Wix`nlgrkl% B,H, Nc nr nx bfrfzmnlfbrìr ~kvz hklbnrnkl hillkr jf rzfirfb nl Rkgk% ~kv mi~ jfxflr kvr kc r`f hkvlrz~ ckz cvzr`fz fsievirnkl ilb hizf,

Minlrinlnlg ^kvz @fier`

Ix i Skevlrffz% ~kv mvxr ihhftr hklxnbfzijef zfxtklxnjnenr~ckz ~kvz kwl `fier`, Tzktfz tzfhivrnklx wnee xnglncnhilre~zfbvhf ~kvz znxa kc xfznkvx neelfxx kz nlovz~, R`f ibigf Ilkvlhf kc tzfsflrnkl jfhkmfx fprzfmfe~ nmtkzrilr nl



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T F I H F H K Z T X

Nr nx hznrnhie rk ~kvz `fier` rìr ~kv tzkmtre~ zftkzr rk r`fmfbnhie kccnhf kz kr`fz bfxnglirfb cihnenr~ ckz xh`fbvefbnmmvln irnklx% ilb rìr ~kv efr r`f mfbnhie kccnhfz alkwnmmfbnirfe~ kc xnglncnhilr neelfxxfx ilb nlovznfx,

R`f INBX tilbfmnh xrznafx ihzkxx iee xkhnie xrziri nl mil~Tfihf Hkztx hkvlrznfx, R`f ekxx kc rfih`fzx ìx hznttefbfbvhirnkl x~xrfmx% w`nef neelfxx ilb bnxijnenr~ bzinlx cimne~nlhkmf ilb ckzhfx gksfzlmflrx ilb bklkzx rk zfbnzfhr enmnrfbzfxkvzhfx czkm kr`fz tznkznrnfx, R`f cfiz ilb vlhfzrinlr~ INBXhivxfx ìx efb rk nlhzfixfb bkmfxrnh snkeflhf ilb xrngmirn nlg

kc tfktef ensnlg wnr` @NS+INBX% nxkeirnlg r`fm czkm cznflbxilb cimne~ ilb hvrrnlg r`fm kcc czkm fhklkmnh kttkzrvlnrnfx,

Ix i Tfihf Hkztx Skevlrffz% ~kv wnee hklczklr r`fxf nxxvfx kli sfz~ tfzxklie efsfe, Nr nx nmtkzrilr rk jf iwizf kc r`f `ng`fmkrnklie rkee rìr bnxfixf% bfir`% ilb snkeflhf hil ìsf kl

Skevlrffzx, Ix ~kv xrznsf rk nlrfgzirf nlrk ~kvz hkmmvlnr~% ~kv wnee bfsfekt zfeirnklx`ntx wnr` ekhie tfktef w`k mng`rbnf bvznlg ~kvz xfzsnhf, Jfhivxf kc r`f INBX tilbfmnh%xkmf Skevlrffzx wnee jf zfgveize~ mffrnlg wnr` @NS-tkxnrnsftfktef ilb wkzanlg wnr` rzinlnlg xricc% kccnhf xricc% ilb `kxrcimne~ mfmjfzx ensnlg wnr` INBX, Skevlrffzx lffb rk tzftizf

r`fmxfesfx rk fmjzihf r`fxf zfeirnklx`ntx nl i xflxnrnsf ilbtkxnrnsf millfz, Enafwnxf% mieizni ilb mielvrznrnkl% mkrkz

sf`nhef ihhnbflrx ilb kr`fz vlnlrflrnklie nlovznfx% bkmfxrnh snkeflhf% ilb hkztkzie tvlnx`mflr izf tzkjefmx i Skevlrffzmi~ hklczklr, ^kv wnee lffb rk ilrnhntirf r`fxf xnrvirnklx ilbvrnen f xvttkzrnsf zfxkvzhfx isineijef r`zkvg`kvr ~kvz rzinlnlgilb xfzsnhf rk minlrinl ~kvz kwl fmkrnklie xrzflgr` xk ~kvhil hklrnlvf rk jf kc xfzsnhf rk ~kvz hkmmvlnr~,

Wkmflx @fier` Nlckzmirnkl

Tzfglilh~ nx rzfirfb nl r`f ximf millfz ix kr`fz Skevlrffz`fier` hklbnrnklx rìr zfyvnzf mfbnhie irrflrnkl jvr iexk ìsf

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tzkgzimmirnh zimncnhirnklx, R`f Tfihf Hkztx nx zfxtklxnjefckz bfrfzmnlnlg r`f mfbnhie znxa ilb r`f isineijnenr~ kc ittzktznirf mfbnhie hizf nc r`f Skevlrffz zfminlx nl-hkvlrz~,Gnsfl r`f hnzhvmxrilhfx vlbfz w`nh` Skevlrffzx ensf ilbwkza nl Tfihf Hkztx hkvlrznfx% nr nx zizf rìr r`f Tfihf Hkztxmfbnhie ilb tzkgzimmirnh xrilbizbx ckz hklrnlvfb xfzsnhfbvznlg tzfglilh~ hil jf mfr,

Nc cfmnlnlf `~gnflf tzkbvhrx izf lkr isineijef ckz ~kv rktvzhìxf kl r`f ekhie mizafr% r`f Tfihf Hkztx mfbnhie kccnhfznl Rkgk wnee tzksnbf r`fm, Nc ~kv zfyvnzf i xtfhncnh tzkbvhr%

tefixf jznlg i r`zff-mklr` xvtte~ wnr` ~kv,

^kvz Tfihf Hkztx Mfbnhie Anr

R`f Tfihf Hkztx mfbnhie kccnhfz wnee tzksnbf ~kv wnr` i anrrìr hklrinlx jixnh nrfmx lfhfxxiz~ rk tzfsflr ilb rzfirneelfxxfx rìr mi~ khhvz bvznlg xfzsnhf, Anr nrfmx hil jftfznkbnhiee~ zfxrkhafb ir r`f mfbnhie kccnhf,

Cnzxr Inb Anr Hklrflrx Ihf jilbigf Ihfrimnlkt`fl (R~eflke. Ib`fxnsf ritf Iehk`ke tibx Imfznhil Zfb Hzkxx Cnzxr Inb # Xicfr~ @ilbjkka Ilrihnb rijefrx (Rvmx. Ilrnjnkrnh knlrmflr (Jihnrzihnl+Lfkm~hnl+Tke~m~hnl J. Ilrnxftrnh ilrnmnhzkjnie xanl hefilfzJilb-inbxJvrrfz ~ hekxvzfxHieimnlf ekrnklHftihke ek flgfxHklbkmx



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Bflrie kxxBnt`fl`~bzimnlf @HE :6 mg (Jflibz~e.NjvtzkcflNlxfhr zftfeeflr xrnha (Hvrrfzx.Nkbnlf rijefrx (ckz wirfz tvzn hirnkl.Eirfp geksfxEnt jiem (Hìtxrnha.Mieizni xenbf anr (ckz jekkb xmfizx nc ~kv xvxtfhr mieizni

ilb hillkr gfr rk r`f `fier` vlnr1 ~kv wnee jf rivg`r`kw rk miaf r`fm.

Mieizni xrilbj~ rzfirmflrMNC anr (wnr` sniex ckz hkeefhrnlg xrkke ximtefx rk bniglkxf

gnizbni% imkfjix% ilb kr`fz tizixnrfx.MvernsnrimnlxKzie zf`~bzirnkl xierxKzie r`fzmkmfrfz (Ci`zfl`fnr.Tftrk-Jnxmke kz Tnla Jnxmvr`Txfvbkft`fbznlf @HE 84 mg (Xvbicfb.Zkjnrvxxnl-BM ek flgfx (ckz hkvg`.XhnxxkzxXrfznef giv f tibx

XvlxhzfflRfrzi`~bzk ienlf f~fbzktx (Snxnlf.Rnlihrnl (ilrncvlgie hzfim.Rwff fzx

Jfckzf ^kv Efisf? I Mfbnhie H`fhaenxr

Nc r`fzf ìx jffl il~ hìlgf nl ~kvz `fier`t`~xnhie% mflrie%kz bflriexnlhf ~kv xvjmnrrfb ~kvz fpimnlirnkl zftkzrx rkr`f Tfihf Hkztx% ~kv mvxr nmmfbnirfe~ lkrnc~ r`f Kccnhf kc Mfbnhie Xfzsnhfx, Cinevzf rk bnxhekxf lfw neelfxxfx% nlovznfx%

ieefzgnfx% kz tzfglilh~ hil flbilgfz ~kvz `fier` ilb mi~ ofktizbn f ~kvz fengnjnenr~ rk xfzsf,



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Nc ~kvz bflrie fpim wix bklf mkzf rìl i ~fiz igk% kz nc ~kvzt`~xnhie fpim nx mkzf rìl rwk ~fizx keb% hklrihr r`f Kccnhfkc Mfbnhie Xfzsnhfx rk cnlb kvr w`fr`fz ~kv lffb rk vtbirf

~kvz zfhkzbx, Nc ~kvz bflrnxr kz Tfihf Hkztx bflrie hklxverilrìx zfhkmmflbfb rìr ~kv vlbfzgk bflrie rzfirmflr kzzftinz% ~kv mvxr hkmtefrf rìr wkza ilb miaf xvzf ~kvzbflrnxr xflbx zfyvfxrfb hklcnzmirnkl zftkzrx kz P-zi~x rk r`fKccnhf kc Mfbnhie Xfzsnhfx,

Nc ~kv wnx` rk isknb ìsnlg bvtenhirf sihhnlirnklx% hklrihr ~kvz t`~xnhnilx kccnhf rk kjrinl i hkt~ kc ~kvz nmmvln irnklzfhkzb ilb jznlg nr rk ~kvz tzf-bftizrvzf kznflrirnkl, Nc ~kv

ìsf il~ nmmvln irnklx tznkz rk Tfihf Hkztx xfzsnhf% r`fTfihf Hkztx hillkr zfnmjvzxf ~kv ckz r`f hkxr, R`f TfihfHkztx wnee tzksnbf iee r`f nmmvln irnklx lfhfxxiz~ ckz ~kvzksfzxfix ixxnglmflr% fnr`fz ir ~kvz tzf-bftizrvzf kznflrirnklkz x`kzre~ icrfz ~kv izznsf nl Rkgk, ^kv bk lkr lffb rk jfgnlrianlg mieizni mfbnhirnkl tznkz rk bftizrvzf,

Jznlg i r`zff-mklr` xvtte~ kc il~ tzfxhzntrnkl kz ksfz-r`f-hkvlrfz mfbnhirnkl ~kv vxf kl i zfgveiz jixnx% nlhevbnlgjnzr` hklrzke tneex, Ier`kvg` r`f Tfihf Hkztx hillkrzfnmjvzxf ~kv ckz r`nx r`zff-mklr` xvtte~% nr wnee kzbfz

zfcneex bvznlg ~kvz xfzsnhf, W`nef iwinrnlg x`ntmflrw`nh`hil riaf xfsfzie mklr`x~kv wnee jf bftflbflr kl ~kvzkwl mfbnhirnkl xvtte~, R`f Tfihf Hkztx wnee lkr ti~ ckz`fzjie kz lkltzfxhznjfb mfbnhirnklx% xvh` ix Xr, Ok`lx wkzr%gevhkximnlf% xfeflnvm% kz ilrnkpnbilr xvttefmflrx,

^kv izf flhkvzigfb rk jznlg hktnfx kc mfbnhie tzfxhzntrnklxxnglfb j~ ~kvz t`~xnhnil, R`nx nx lkr i zfyvnzfmflr% jvr r`f~mng`r hkmf nl ìlb~ nc ~kv izf yvfxrnklfb nl rzilxnr ijkvrhizz~nlg i r`zff-mklr` xvtte~ kc tzfxhzntrnkl bzvgx,

Nc ~kv wfiz f~fgeixxfx% jznlg rwk tinzx wnr` ~kvi tinz ilb

i xtizf, Nc i tinz jzfiax% r`f Tfihf Hkztx wnee zfteihf nr% vxnlgr`f nlckzmirnkl ~kvz bkhrkz nl r`f Vlnrfb Xrirfx tzksnbfb


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I W F E H K M F J K K A R K G K

tfzxklie xicfr~ tzkjefmx, Nl ibbnrnkl% mkzf rìl 08 tfzhflrkc Skevlrffzx xvzsf~fb nl r`f :440 Tfihf Hkztx SkevlrffzXvzsf~ xi~ r`f~ wkveb oknl r`f Tfihf Hkztx iginl,

R`f Tfihf Hkztx ittzkih`fx xicfr~ ilb xfhvznr~ ix itizrlfzx`nt wnr` ~kv, R`nx Wfehkmf Jkka hklrinlx xfhrnklxkl? Ensnlg Hklbnrnklx ilb Skevlrffz Encfxr~ef1 Tfihf HkztxRzinlnlg1 ilb kvz @fier` Hizf ilb Xicfr~, Iee kc r`fxfxfhrnklx nlhevbf nmtkzrilr xicfr~ ilb xfhvznr~ nlckzmirnkl,

R`f Tfihf Hkztx miafx fsfz~ fcckzr rk gnsf Skevlrffzx r`f

rkkex r`f~ lffb rk cvlhrnkl nl r`f xicfxr ilb mkxr xfhvzf wi~tkxxnjef% jfhivxf wkzanlg rk mipnmn f r`f xicfr~ ilb xfhvznr~kc Skevlrffzx nx kvz `ng`fxr tznkznr~, Lkr kle~ bk wf tzksnbf

~kv wnr` rzinlnlg ilb rkkex rk tzftizf ckz r`f vlfptfhrfb% jvrwf rfih` ~kv rk nbflrnc~% mnlnmn f ilb miligf r`f znxax ~kvmi~ flhkvlrfz,

Cihrkzx rìr Hklrznjvrf rk Skevlrffz Znxa

R`fzf izf xfsfzie cihrkzx rìr hil `fng`rfl i Skevlrffzxznxa% mil~ kc w`nh` izf wnr`nl r`f Skevlrffzx hklrzke ,J~ ciz r`f mkxr hkmmkl hznmf nlhnbflrx rìr Skevlrffzx

fptfznflhf izf r`fcrx, Czfyvflre~ r`fxf khhvz nl hzkwbfbekhirnklx% xvh` ix mizafrx kz kl tvjenh rzilxtkzrirnkl%kz izf bvf rk Skevlrffzx efisnlg nrfmx vlirrflbfb, Mkzfxfznkvx ixxiverx% `kwfsfz% bk khhixnkliee~ khhvz, Jixfb klnlckzmirnkl gir`fzfb czkm nlhnbflr zftkzrx wkzebwnbf nl:447% r`f ckeekwnlg cihrkzx xrilb kvr ix znxa hìzihrfznxrnhx ckzhznmfx iginlxr Skevlrffzx% mil~ kc w`nh` hil jf isknbfb wnrìttzktznirf ihrnklx, Ixxiverx hklxnxr kc t`~xnhie ilb xfpvieixxiverx hkmmnrrfb iginlxr Skevlrffzx1 tzktfzr~ hznmfxnlhevbf zkjjfz~% jvzgeiz~% r`fcr% ilb silbienxm,

Ekhirnkl? Mkxr ixxiverx (68 tfzhflr. khhvzzfb w`fl Skevlrffzx wfzf nl tvjenh izfix (f,g,% xrzffr% tiza%

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jfih`% tvjenh jvnebnlgx., Xtfhncnhiee~% 83 tfzhflr kc ixxiverx rkka teihf w`fl Skevlrffzx wfzf iwi~ czkmr`fnz xnrfx, Mkxr tzktfzr~ hznmfx khhvzzfb nl r`f

Skevlrffzx zfxnbflhf kz ilkr`fz Skevlrffzx zfxnbflhf%ckeekwfb hekxfe~ j~ tvjenh izfix, Ckzr~-fng`r tfzhflr kc tzktfzr~ hznmfx khhvzzfb w`fl Skevlrffzx wfzf iwi~czkm r`fnz xnrfx

Rnmf? Ixxiverx vxviee~ rkka teihf bvznlg r`f fsflnlg%jfrwffl 3 t,m, ilb 99 t,m, r`kvg` r`f xnlgef `kvzwnr` r`f eizgfxr tfzhflrigf kc ixxiverx wix 9?44 i,m,(0

tfzhflr. Tzktfzr~ hznmfx wfzf mkzf hkmmkl nl r`fmnbbef kc r`f bi~% czkm lkkl rk > t,m,

Bi~? Ixxiverx ilb tzktfzr~ hznmfx wfzf mkzfhkmmkle~ zftkzrfb kl wffaflbx (20 tfzhflr ilb 2>tfzhflr% zfxtfhrnsfe~.,

Ijxflhf kc kr`fzx? Ixxiverx ilb tzktfzr~ hznmfx (32tfzhflr ilb 68 tfzhflr% zfxtfhrnsfe~. khhvzzfb mkzfczfyvflre~ w`fl r`f Skevlrffz wix ieklf,

Zfeirnklx`nt rk ixxineilr? Nl mkxr ixxiverx ilb tzktfzr~hznmfx (32 tfzhflr ilb 06 tfzhflr.% r`f Skevlrffz bnb

lkr alkw kz hkveb lkr nbflrnc~ r`f ixxineilr,

Hklxvmtrnkl kc iehk`ke? :8 tfzhflr kc iee ixxiverx ilb2 tfzhflr kc iee tzktfzr~ hznmfx nlskesfb iehk`kehklxvmtrnkl j~ Skevlrffzx ilb+kz ixxineilrx,

Znxa cihrkzx hil siz~ wnr`nl hkvlrznfx r`zkvg`kvr r`f wkzebr`ir izf xfzsfb j~ r`f Tfihf Hkztx, I Skevlrffz nl Rkgkmi~ cihf znxax xtfhncnh rk r`nx hkvlrz~ nl ibbnrnkl rk znxaxixxkhnirfb wnr` ensnlg nl i bfsfektnlg hkvlrz~,

Xvmmiz~ Xrzirfgnfx rk Zfbvhf Znxa

Jfckzf ilb bvznlg xfzsnhf% ~kvz rzinlnlg wnee ibbzfxx r`fxfizfix kc hklhfzl xk ~kv hil zfbvhf r`f znxax ~kv cihf, Ckzfpimtef% `fzf izf xkmf xrzirfgnfx Skevlrffzx fmtek~?


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Xrzirfgnfx rk zfbvhf r`f znxa+nmtihr kc r`fcr?

Alkw r`f flsnzklmflr ilb h`kkxf xicf zkvrfx+rnmfxckz rzisfe

Isknb `ng`-hznmf izfix tfz Tfihf Hkztx gvnbilhf

Alkw r`f skhijveiz~ rk gfr `fet nl il fmfzgflh~

Hizz~ sievijefx nl bnccfzflr tkhafrx+teihfx

Hizz~ i bvmm~ wieefr ix i bfhk~

Xrzirfgnfx rk zfbvhf r`f znxa+nmtihr kc jvzgeiz~?

Ensf wnr` i ekhie cimne~ kz kl i cimne~ hkmtkvlb

Tvr xrzklg ekhax kl bkkzx ilb afft sievijefx nl i ekhajkp kz rzvla

Efisf nzzfteihfijef kjofhrx ir `kmf nl r`f V,X,

Tvzh`ixf r`f Tfihf Hkztx zfhkmmflbfb tfzxklietzktfzr~ nlxvzilhf

Ckeekw Tfihf Hkztx gvnbfenlfx kl minlrinlnlg `kmfxfhvznr~

Xrzirfgnfx rk zfbvhf r`f znxa+nmtihr kc ixxiver?

Miaf ekhie cznflbx wnr` ekhie tfktef w`k izfzfxtfhrfb nl r`f hkmmvlnr~

Miaf xvzf ~kvz ittfizilhf nx zfxtfhrcve kc ekhiehvxrkmx1 bklr bziw lfgirnsf irrflrnkl rk ~kvzxfec j~wfiznlg nlittzktznirf hekr`nlg

Gfr rk alkw ekhie kccnhniex% tkenhf% ilb lfng`jkzx

Rzisfe wnr` xkmfklf rzvxrfb j~ ~kvz hkmmvlnr~w`flfsfz tkxxnjef

Isknb alkwl `ng` hznmf izfix Enmnr iehk`ke hklxvmtrnkl


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Xvttkzr czkm Xricc

Nl Mizh` :448% r`f Tfihf Hkztx hzfirfb r`f Kccnhf kc Xicfr~ ilb Xfhvznr~ wnr` nrx mnxxnkl rk ckxrfz nmtzksfbhkmmvlnhirnkl% hkkzbnlirnkl% ksfzxng`r% ilb ihhkvlrijnenr~ kc iee Tfihf Hkztx xicfr~ ilb xfhvznr~ fcckzrx, R`nx kccnhf nx efbj~ il ixxkhnirf bnzfhrkz ckz xicfr~ ilb xfhvznr~ w`k zftkzrx rkr`f Tfihf Hkztx Bnzfhrkz ilb nlhevbfx bnsnxnklx w`nh` ckhvxkl Skevlrffz xicfr~ ilb ksfzxfix xfhvznr~ ilb hznmf xrirnxrnhxilb ilie~xnx,

Nc i rzinlff kz Skevlrffz nx r`f snhrnm kc i xicfr~ nlhnbflr%Tfihf Hkztx xricc nx tzftizfb rk tzksnbf xvttkzr, Iee TfihfHkztx tkxrx ìsf tzkhfbvzfx nl teihf rk zfxtklb rk nlhnbflrxkc hznmf hkmmnrrfb iginlxr Skevlrffzx, R`f cnzxr tznkznr~ckz iee tkxrx nl r`f icrfzmir` kc il nlhnbflr nx rk flxvzfr`f Skevlrffz nx xicf ilb zfhfnsnlg mfbnhie rzfirmflr ixlffbfb, Icrfz ixxvznlg r`f xicfr~ kc r`f Skevlrffz% TfihfHkztx xricc mfmjfzx tzksnbf xvttkzr j~ zfixxfxxnlg r`f

Skevlrffzx wkzaxnrf ilb `kvxnlg izzilgfmflrx ilb mianlgil~ ibovxrmflrx% ix lffbfb, Nl xkmf hixfx% r`f lirvzf kc r`fnlhnbflr mi~ lfhfxxnrirf i xnrf kz `kvxnlg rzilxcfz, TfihfHkztx xricc wnee iexk ixxnxr Skevlrffzx wnr` tzfxfzsnlg r`fnzzng`rx rk tvzxvf efgie xilhrnklx iginlxr r`f tfztfrzirkzx kc r`fhznmf, Nr nx sfz~ nmtkzrilr rìr Skevlrffzx zftkzr nlhnbflrx ixr`f~ khhvz% lkr kle~ rk tzkrfhr r`fnz tffz Skevlrffzx% jvr iexkrk tzfxfzsf r`f cvrvzf zng`r rk tzkxfhvrf, X`kveb Skevlrffzxbfhnbf eirfz nl r`f tzkhfxx rìr r`f~ wilr rk tzkhffb wnr` r`ftzkxfhvrnkl kc r`fnz ixxineilr% r`nx ktrnkl mi~ lk eklgfz fpnxrnc r`f fsnbflhf kc r`f fsflr ìx lkr jffl tzfxfzsfb ir r`frnmf kc r`f nlhnbflr,

Hznmf Biri ckz RkgkR`f hkvlrz~-xtfhn h biri hìzr jfekw x`kwx r`f nlhnbflhfzirfx ilb r`f isfzigf lvmjfz kc nlhnbflrx kc r`f miokz r~tfx


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kc xicfr~ nlhnbflrx zftkzrfb j~ Tfihf Hkztx Skevlrffzx+ rzinlffx nl Rkgk ix hkmtizfb rk iee kr`fz Icznhi tzkgzimx ix iw`kef% czkm :44::443, Nr nx tzfxflrfb rk ~kv nl i xkmfw`irrfh`lnhie millfz ckz xrirnxrnhie ihhvzih~,

9Nlhnbflhf zirfx fyvie r`f lvmjfz kc ixxiverx tfz 944 Skevlrffzx ilbrzinlffx tfz ~fiz (S+R ~fizx., Xnlhf mkxr xfpvie ixxiverx khhvz iginlxrcfmiefx% kle~ cfmief S+Rx izf hiehveirfb nl zitfx ilb kr`fz xfpvie ixxiverx,: R`f isfzigf lvmjfzx kc nlhnbflrx izf nl tizflr`fxnx ilb fyvie r`f isfzigflvmjfz kc zftkzrfb nlhnbflrx ckz fih` ~fiz jfrwffl :448:447, Lvmjfzx kc nlhnbflrx izf ittzkpnmirf bvf rk zkvlbnlg,8Bvf rk r`f xmiee lvmjfz kc S+R ~fizx% nlhnbflhf zirfx x`kveb jf nlrfztzfrfbwnr` hivrnkl,Xkvzhf biri kl nlhnbflrx izf bziwl czkm Ixxiver Lkrncnhirnkl XvzsfneeilhfX~xrfm (ILXX.% Ftnbfmnkekgnh Xvzsfneeilhf X~xrfm (FXX.% ilb HznmfNlhnbflr Zftkzrnlg Ckzm (HNZC.1 r`f nlckzmirnkl nx ihhvzirf ix kc 2-:9-4>,Tznkz rk HNZC ilb tznkz rk :443% Kr`fz Xfpvie Ixxiverx wfzf rfzmfb MnlkzXfpvie Ixxiver ilb Kr`fz T`~xnhie Ixxiverx wfzf rfzmfb Mnlkz T`~xnhie

Ixxiver tfz ILXX bfcnlnrnklx,

Rk cvee~ ittzfhnirf r`f hkeefhrfb biri ijksf% il fpteilirnkl kc r`f gzit` nx tzksnbfb ix ckeekwx?

R`f nlhnbflhf zirf ckz fih` r~tf kc hznmf nx r`f lvmjfz kc hznmf fsflrx zfeirnsf rk r`f Skevlrffz+rzinlff tktveirnkl,Nr nx fptzfxxfb kl r`f h`izr ix i zirnk kc hznmf rk Skevlrffzilb rzinlff ~fizx (kz S+R ~fizx% w`nh` nx i mfixvzf kc 9: cveemklr`x kc S+R xfzsnhf. rk ieekw ckz i xrirnxrnhiee~ sienb wi~


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rk hkmtizf hznmf biri ihzkxx hkvlrznfx, Il nlhnbflr nx ixtfhn h kccflxf% tfz Tfihf Hkztx heixxn hirnkl kc kccflxfx%ilb mi~ nlskesf klf kz mkzf Skevlrffz+rzinlff snhrnmx, Ckzfpimtef% nc rwk Skevlrffzx izf zkjjfb ir r`f ximf rnmf ilbteihf% r`nx nx heixxn fb ix klf zkjjfz~ nlhnbflr,

R`f hìzr nx xftizirfb nlrk fng`r hznmf hirfgkznfx, R`fxfnlhevbf silbienxm (mienhnkvx bfcihfmflr kz bimigf kc tzktfzr~.1 r`fcr (rianlg wnr`kvr ckzhf kz neefgie flrz~.1jvzgeiz~ (ckzhnjef flrz~ kc i zfxnbflhf.1 zkjjfz~ (rianlgxkmfr`nlg j~ ckzhf.1 kr`fz t`~xnhie ixxiver (irrihanlg wnr`kvr

i wfitkl wnr` mnlkz nlovznfx.1 kr`fz xfpvie ixxiver (cklbenlg%gzktnlg% frh,.1 iggzisirfb ixxiver (irrihanlg wnr` i wfitkl%ilb+kz wnr`kvr i wfitkl w`fl xfznkvx nlovz~ zfxverx.1 ilbzitf (xfpvie nlrfzhkvzxf wnr`kvr hklxflr.,

W`fl ilrnhntirnlg Tfihf Hkztx Skevlrffz xfzsnhf% ~kv x`kvebzfsnfw iee kc r`f xicfr~ ilb xfhvznr~ nlckzmirnkl tzksnbfbrk ~kv% nlhevbnlg r`f xrzirfgnfx rk zfbvhf znxa, R`zkvg`kvr

~kvz rzinlnlg ilb Skevlrffz xfzsnhf% ~kv wnee jf fptfhrfb rkxvhhfxxcvee~ hkmtefrf iee rzinlnlg hkmtfrflhnfx nl i siznfr~ kc izfix% nlhevbnlg xicfr~ ilb xfhvznr~, Klhf nl-hkvlrz~% vxf r`f

rkkex ilb nlckzmirnkl xìzfb wnr` ~kv rk zfminl ix xicf ilbxfhvzf ix tkxxnjef,

Cfw Tfihf Hkztx Skevlrffzx izf snhrnmx kc xfznkvx hznmfxilb% lirvziee~% hznmfx rìr khhvz ksfzxfix izf nlsfxrngirfbilb tzkxfhvrfb j~ ekhie ivr`kznrnfx r`zkvg` r`f ekhie hkvzrxx~xrfm, Nc ~kv izf r`f snhrnm kc i hznmf% nr nx vt rk ~kv nc ~kvwnx` rk tvzxvf tzkxfhvrnkl, Nc ~kv bfhnbf rk tzkxfhvrf% TfihfHkztx wnee jf r`fzf rk ixxnxr ~kv, R`f Kccnhf kc Xicfr~ ilbXfhvznr~% r`zkvg` kvz zfgnkliee~-jixfb Tfihf Hkztx xicfr~ ilbxfhvznr~ kccnhfzx% wnee wkza wnr` r`f xfhvznr~ kccnhfz ir r`f V,X,Fmjixx~ ilb r`f xricc ir r`f Tfihf Hkztx kccnhf nl-hkvlrz~rk hkkzbnlirf wnr` ekhie tkenhf ilb tzkxfhvrkzx, Klf kc kvzrixax nx rk flxvzf ~kv izf cvee~ nlckzmfb kc ~kvz ktrnklx ilbvlbfzxrilb `kw r`f ekhie efgie tzkhfxx wkzax, Wf izf `fzf rk


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tzksnbf xvttkzr ilb ixxnxrilhf fsfz~ xrft kc r`f wi~, TfihfHkztx wnee `fet ~kv flxvzf ~kvz zng`rx izf tzkrfhrfb rk r`fcveefxr fprflr tkxxnjef vlbfz r`f eiwx kc r`f hkvlrz~,

Nc ~kv izf r`f snhrnm kc i xfznkvx hznmf% gfr rk i xicf ekhirnklix yvnhae~ ix tkxxnjef ilb hklrihr ~kvz Tfihf Hkztx kccnhf, Nrxnmtkzrilr rìr ~kv lkrnc~ Tfihf Hkztx ix xkkl ix ~kv hil xkwf hil gfr ~kv r`f `fet ~kv lffb,

Xfhvznr~ Nxxvfx nl Rkgk

W`fl nr hkmfx rk ~kvz xicfr~ ilb xfhvznr~ nl r`f Tfihf Hkztx% ~kv ìsf rk jf wneenlg rk ibitr ~kvz jfìsnkz ilb encfxr~ef rkmnlnmn f r`f tkrflrnie ckz jfnlg i rizgfr ckz hznmf, Ix wnrìl~w`fzf nl r`f wkzeb% hznmf bkfx fpnxr nl Rkgk, ^kv hilzfbvhf ~kvz znxa j~ isknbnlg xnrvirnklx rìr miaf ~kv cffevlhkmckzrijef ilb j~ rianlg tzfhivrnklx, Hznmf ir r`f sneeigfkz rkwl efsfe nx efxx czfyvflr rìl nl r`f eizgf hnrnfx1 tfktefalkw fih` kr`fz ilb gflfziee~ izf efxx enafe~ rk xrfie czkmr`fnz lfng`jkzx, Rkvznxr irrzihrnklx nl eizgf rkwlx izf ciskznrfwkzaxnrfx ckz tnhatkhafrx, R`f ckeekwnlg izf xkmf xicfr~

hklhfzlx nl Rkgk kc w`nh` ~kv x`kveb jf iwizf?

Ekmf ìx i lnhf jfih` jvr Skevlrffzx x`kveb isknb r`nxizfi w`fl nr nx biza, Zkjjfz~ nx sfz~ czfyvflr r`fzf,

Isknb nxkeirfb izfix kc Ekmf ( n,f,% zkibx iboihflr rkr`f khfil., Jf fprzi hizfcve ir jfih`fx, Lfsfz gk r`fzfieklf ilb bk lkr xwnm nl r`f khfil,

Rk fphìlgf ~kvz mklf~% gk rk i jila, Isknbfphìlgfx kl zkibxnbfx ix r`f~ hil fixne~ rznha ~kv,

Iewi~x hizz~ ~kvz jihatiha nl czklr nlxrfib kc kl ~kvzjiha w`fl ~kv izf nl r`f mizafr kz nl kr`fz hzkwbfbteihfx% fxtfhniee~ nl Ekmf% rk isknb tnhatkhafrnlg,

Bk lkr hizz~ fphfxxnsf imkvlrx kc mklf~fsfz, Hizz~


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Skevlrffzx rflb rk irrzihr i ekr kc irrflrnkl jkr` nl eizgf hnrnfxilb ir r`fnz xnrfx% jvr r`f~ izf mkzf enafe~ rk zfhfnsf lfgirnsfirrflrnkl nl `ngè~ tktveirfb hflrfzx% ilb iwi~ czkm r`fnzxvttkzr lfrwkza (cimne~% cznflbx% ilb hkeefigvfx. w`k ekkakvr ckz r`fm, W`nef w`nxrefx ilb fpheimirnklx mi~ jf cinze~hkmmkl kl r`f xrzffr% r`nx jfìsnkz hil jf zfbvhfb nc ~kvbzfxx hklxfzsirnsfe~% ijnbf j~ ekhie hvervzie lkzmx% ilb bk lkrzfxtklb rk vlwilrfb irrflrnkl, Nl ibbnrnkl% afft ~kvz mklf~kvr kc xng`r j~ vxnlg il vlbfzgizmflr mklf~ tkvh`% r`f anlbrìr ìlgx izkvlb ~kvz lfha ilb xri~x `nbbfl vlbfz ~kvzx`nzr kz nlxnbf ~kvz hkir, Bk lkr afft ~kvz mklf~ nl kvrxnbftkhafrx kc jihatihax% nl hkir tkhafrx% kz nl cill~ tihax, Ilbiewi~x wiea wnr` i hkmtilnkl ir lng`r,

Tzftiznlg ckz r`f Vlfptfhrfb? Xicfr~ Rzinlnlg ilb SkevlrffzXvttkzr nl Rkgk

R`f Tfihf Hkztx ittzkih` rk xicfr~ nx i cnsf-tzklgfb teil rk`fet ~kv xri~ xicf bvznlg ~kvz rwk-~fiz xfzsnhf ilb nlhevbfxr`f ckeekwnlg? nlckzmirnkl xìznlg% Skevlrffz rzinlnlg% xnrfxfefhrnkl hznrfzni% i bfrinefb fmfzgflh~ ihrnkl teil% ilb

tzkrkhkex ckz ibbzfxxnlg xicfr~ ilb xfhvznr~ nlhnbflrx, Rkgkxnl-hkvlrz~ xicfr~ tzkgzim nx kvrenlfb jfekw,

R`f Tfihf Hkztx+Rkgk kccnhf wnee afft ~kv nlckzmfb kc il~nxxvfx rìr mi~ nmtihr Skevlrffz xicfr~ r`zkvg` nlckzmirnklxìznlg , Zfgveiz vtbirfx wnee jf tzksnbfb nl Skevlrffzlfwxefrrfzx ilb nl mfmkzilbvmx czkm r`f hkvlrz~ bnzfhrkz,Nl r`f fsflr kc i hznrnhie xnrvirnkl kz fmfzgflh~% ~kv wnee jfhklrihrfb r`zkvg` r`f fmfzgflh~ hkmmvlnhirnkl lfrwkza,

Il nmtkzrilr hkmtklflr kc r`f hitihnr~ kc Tfihf Hkztx rkafft ~kv nlckzmfb nx ~kvz jv~-nl rk r`f tizrlfzx`nt hklhftr

wnr` r`f Tfihf Hkztx xricc, Nr nx fptfhrfb rìr ~kv wnee bk ~kvz tizr nl flxvznlg rìr Tfihf Hkztx xricc mfmjfzx izfaftr ittznxfb kc ~kvz mksfmflrx nl-hkvlrz~ xk rìr r`f~ izfhitijef kc nlckzmnlg ~kv,


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Skevlrffz rzinlnlg wnee nlhevbf xfxxnklx kl xtfhncnh xicfr~ ilbxfhvznr~ nxxvfx nl Rkgk, R`nx rzinlnlg wnee tzftizf ~kv rk ibktri hvervziee~ ittzktznirf encfxr~ef ilb fpfzhnxf ovbgmflr r`irtzkmkrfx xicfr~ ilb zfbvhfx znxa nl ~kvz `kmf% ir wkza%ilb w`nef rzisfenlg, Xicfr~ rzinlnlg nx kccfzfb r`zkvg`kvrxfzsnhf ilb nx nlrfgzirfb nlrk r`f eilgvigf% hzkxx-hvervzieixtfhrx% `fier`% ilb kr`fz hkmtklflrx kc rzinlnlg, ^kv wnee jffptfhrfb rk xvhhfxxcvee~ hkmtefrf iee rzinlnlg hkmtfrflhnfxnl i siznfr~ kc izfix% nlhevbnlg xicfr~ ilb xfhvznr~% ix ihklbnrnkl kc xfzsnhf,

Hfzrinl xnrf xfefhrnkl hznrfzniizf vxfb rk bfrfzmnlf xicf`kvxnlg ckz Skevlrffzx jfckzf r`fnz izznsie, R`f Tfihf Hkztxxricc wkzax hekxfe~ wnr` `kxr hkmmvlnrnfx ilb hkvlrfztizrigflhnfx rk `fet tzftizf r`fm ckz i Skevlrffzx izznsie ilb rkfxrijenx` fptfhrirnklx kc r`fnz zfxtfhrnsf zkefx nl xvttkzrnlgr`f Skevlrffz, Fih` xnrf nx nlxtfhrfb jfckzf r`f Skevlrffzxizznsie rk flxvzf teihfmflr nl ittzktznirf% xicf% ilb xfhvzf`kvxnlg ilb wkzaxnrfx, Xnrf xfefhrnkl nx jixfb% nl tizr% klil~ zfefsilr xnrf `nxrkz~1 ihhfxx rk mfbnhie% jilanlg% tkxrie%ilb kr`fz fxxflrnie xfzsnhfx1 isineijnenr~ kc hkmmvlnhirnklx%rzilxtkzrirnkl% ilb mizafrx1 bnccfzflr `kvxnlg ktrnklx ilb

ensnlg izzilgfmflrx1 ilb kr`fz Skevlrffz xvttkzr lffbx,

^kv wnee iexk efizl ijkvr Tfihf Hkztx+Rkgkx bfrinefbfmfzgflh~ ihrnkl teil% w`nh` nx nmtefmflrfb nl r`f fsflrkc hnsne kz tkenrnhie vlzfxr kz i lirvzie bnxixrfz, W`fl ~kvizznsf ir ~kvz xnrf% ~kv wnee hkmtefrf ilb xvjmnr i xnrf ekhirkzckzm wnr` ~kvz ibbzfxx% hklrihr nlckzmirnkl% ilb i mit rk

~kvz `kvxf, Nc r`fzf nx i xfhvznr~ r`zfir% ~kv wnee gir`fz wnr`


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kr`fz Skevlrffzx nl Rkgk ir tzfbfrfzmnlfb ekhirnklx vlrne r`fxnrvirnkl nx zfxkesfb kz r`f Tfihf Hkztx bfhnbfx rk fsihvirf,

Cnliee~% nl kzbfz ckz r`f Tfihf Hkztx rk jf cvee~ zfxtklxnsfrk r`f lffbx kc Skevlrffzx% nr nx nmtfzirnsf r`ir Skevlrffzxnmmfbnirfe~ zftkzr il~ xfhvznr~ nlhnbflr rk r`f TfihfHkztx kc hf, R`f Tfihf Hkztx `ix fxrijenx`fb tzkrkhkexckz ibbzfxxnlg xicfr~ ilb xfhvznr~ nlhnbflrx nl i rnmfe~ ilbittzktznirf millfz% ilb nr hkeefhrx ilb fsievirfx xicfr~ilb xfhvznr~ biri rk rziha rzflbx ilb bfsfekt xrzirfgnfx rkmnlnmn f znxax rk cvrvzf Skevlrffzx,


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BNSF ZXNR^ ILBHZKXX-HVERVZIE NXXVFX

Tzfxnbflr Kjimi xinb nl `nx Nlivgvzie Ibbzfxx? Kvztirh`wkza `fznrigf nx i xrzflgr`% lkr i wfialfxx, Wf izfi lirnkl kc H`znxrnilx ilb Mvxenmx% Ofwx ilb @nlbvxilblkljfenfsfzx, Wf izf xìtfb j~ fsfz~ eilgvigf ilb hvervzf%bziwl czkm fsfz~ flb kc r`nx Fizr`,

Nl cvecneenlg nrx milbirf rk xìzf r`f cihf kc Imfznhi wnr``kxr hkvlrznfx% r`f Tfihf Hkztx nx mianlg xtfhnie fcckzrx rkxff rìr iee kc Imfznhix znh`lfxx nx zfcefhrfb nl r`f Skevlrffzhkztx, Mkzf Imfznhilx kc hkekz izf xfzsnlg nl rkbi~x TfihfHkztx rìl ir il~ rnmf nl zfhflr ~fizx, Bnccfzflhfx nl zihf%fr`lnh jihagzkvlb% igf% zfengnkl% ilb xfpvie kznflrirnklizf fptfhrfb ilb wfehkmfb imklg kvz Skevlrffzx, Tizr kc r`f Tfihf Hkztx mnxxnkl nx rk `fet bnxtfe il~ lkrnkl rìr

Imfznhilx izf iee kc klf kzngnl kz zihf ilb rk fxrijenx` rìrfih` kc vx nx ix r`kzkvgè~ Imfznhil ix r`f kr`fz bfxtnrf kvzmil~ bnccfzflhfx,

Kvz bnsfzxnr~ `fetx vx ihhkmtenx` rìr gkie, Nl kr`fz wi~x%`kwfsfz% nr tkxfx hìeeflgfx, Nl Rkgk% ix nl kr`fz Tfihf Hkztx`kxr hkvlrznfx% Skevlrffzx jfìsnkz% encfxr~ef% jihagzkvlb%ilb jfenfcx izf ovbgfb nl i hvervzie hklrfpr sfz~ bnccfzflr czkmr`fnz kwl, Hfzrinl tfzxklie tfzxtfhrnsfx kz hìzihrfznxrnhxhkmmkle~ ihhftrfb nl r`f Vlnrfb Xrirfx mi~ jf yvnrfvlhkmmkl% vlihhftrijef% kz fsfl zftzfxxfb nl Rkgk,

Kvrxnbf kc Ekm% Rkgkx hitnrie% zfxnbflrx kc zvziehkmmvlnrnfx ìsf ìb zfeirnsfe~ enrref bnzfhr fptkxvzf rk kr`fz

hvervzfx% zihfx% zfengnklx% ilb encfxr~efx, Wìr tfktef snfw ixr~tnhie Imfznhil jfìsnkz kz lkzmx mi~ jf i mnxhklhftrnkl%



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xvh` ix r`f jfenfc rìr iee Imfznhilx izf znh` ilb ìsf jeklbìnz ilb jevf f~fx, R`f tfktef kc Rkgk izf ovxre~ alkwl ckzr`fnz gflfzkvx `kxtnrienr~ rk ckzfnglfzx1 `kwfsfz% mfmjfzx kc r`f hkmmvlnr~ nl w`nh` ~kv wnee ensf mi~ bnxtei~ i zilgf kc zfihrnklx rk hvervzie bnccfzflhfx rìr ~kv tzfxflr,

Rk fixf r`f rzilxnrnkl ilb ibitr rk encf nl Rkgk% ~kv mi~lffb rk miaf xkmf rfmtkziz~% ~fr cvlbimflrie hkmtzkmnxfxnl `kw ~kv tzfxflr ~kvzxfec ix il Imfznhil ilb ix ilnlbnsnbvie, Ckz fpimtef% cfmief rzinlffx ilb Skevlrffzx mi~lkr jf ijef rk fpfzhnxf r`f nlbftflbflhf isineijef rk r`fm

nl r`f Vlnrfb Xrirfx1 tkenrnhie bnxhvxxnklx lffb rk jf ìlbefbwnr` gzfir hizf1 ilb xkmf kc ~kvz tfzxklie jfenfcx mi~ jfxrzfminl vlbnxhekxfb, ^kv wnee lffb rk bfsfekt rfh`lnyvfx ilbtfzxklie xrzirfgnfx ckz hktnlg wnr` r`fxf ilb kr`fz enmnrirnklx,R`f Tfihf Hkztx xricc ix wfee ix r`f Skevlrffz Bnsfzxnr~Hkmmnrrff wnee efib bnsfzxnr~ ilb xflxnrnsnr~ bnxhvxxnklxbvznlg tzf-xfzsnhf rzinlnlg ilb wnee jf kl hiee rk tzksnbfxvttkzr% jvr r`f hìeeflgf vernmirfe~ wnee jf ~kvz kwl,

Ksfzsnfw kc Bnsfzxnr~ nl Rkgk

R`f Tfihf Hkztx xricc nl Rkgk zfhkgln fx r`f ibovxrmflrnxxvfx rìr hkmf wnr` bnsfzxnr~ ilb wnee flbfiskz rktzksnbf xvttkzr ilb gvnbilhf, Bvznlg tzf-xfzsnhf rzinlnlg%xfsfzie xfxxnklx wnee jf `feb rk bnxhvxx bnsfzxnr~ ilb hktnlgmfhìlnxmx, Wf ekka ckzwizb rk ìsnlg mief ilb cfmief

Skevlrffzx czkm i siznfr~ kc zihfx% fr`lnh gzkvtx% igfx%zfengnklx% ilb xfpvie kznflrirnklx% ilb `ktf rìr ~kv wneejfhkmf tizr kc i bnsfzxf gzkvt kc Imfznhilx w`k riaf tznbfnl xvttkzrnlg klf ilkr`fz ilb bfmklxrzirnlg r`f znh`lfxx kc

Imfznhil hvervzf,



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Wìr Mng`r I Skevlrffz Cihf;

Tkxxnjef Nxxvfx ckz Cfmief Skevlrffzx Imfznhilx wkzanlg nl Rkgk cihf hvervzie ibovxrmflrx nlvlbfzxrilbnlg ilb ibbzfxxnlg tzfovbnhfx ilb xrfzfkr~tfx `febijkvr r`fm, Vlckzrvlirfe~% r`f zir`fz evznb cnemx isineijefnl Rkgk% tevx xkhnfr~x gflfzie irrnrvbf rkwizb wkmfl% mi~hivxf xkmf Rkgkefxf rk snfw cfmief Skevlrffzx ix ekkxf kzisineijef, Rkgkefxf mfl mi~ mnxnlrfztzfr cznflbe~ ilb ktflgfxrvzfx j~ cfmief Skevlrffzx ix il nlsnrirnkl rk xkmfr`nlg

mkzf xfznkvx,

Cznflbx`ntx wnr` Rkgkefxf mfl x`kveb ìsf hefiz jkvlbiznfxnl r`f jfgnllnlg, Vlenaf nl r`f V,X,% r`fzf nx efxx kc i hklhftrrìr i hkmtefrfe~ teirklnh zfeirnklx`nt hil fpnxr jfrwffl mflilb wkmfl, Rk jf rzfirfb zfxtfhrcvee~% cfmief Skevlrffzx mi~cnlb rìr r`f~ wnee ìsf rk hvzj xkmf kc r`f ihrnsnrnfx r`f~wfzf vxfb rk nl r`f Vlnrfb Xrirfx, Eirf-lng`r xkhnien nlg wnr`Rkgkefxf hkeefigvfx nx lkr zfhkmmflbfb, Lfnr`fz nx nlsnrnlgil~ mil ~kv bk lkr alkw wfee nlrk ~kvz `kvxf ckz il~ zfixklnc ~kv izf ieklf, Ckzrvlirfe~% ~kv hil flrfzrinl mief gvfxrxwnr`kvr gnsnlg r`fmkz r`f hkmmvlnr~r`f wzklg nbfi j~zfminlnlg nl r`f cimne~ hkmtkvlb ilb flxvznlg rìr xfsfziecimne~ mfmjfzx kz lfng`jkz`kkb h`nebzfl izf wnr` ~kv ilb

~kvz gvfxr ir iee rnmfx,

Nr nx jfrrfz rk tei~ nr xicf% fxtfhniee~ ir r`f jfgnllnlg kc ~kvz xfzsnhf% zir`fz rìl rk jf hivg`r nl i xnrvirnkl w`fzf iRkgkefxf hkeefigvf nx fptfhrnlg xfp nlxrfib kc i cznflbe~ hìrw`fl `f hkmfx rk snxnr, Nr nx iexk i sfz~ gkkb nbfi rk miafcznflbx wnr` r`f wkmfl nl ~kvz cimne~ ilb+kz lfng`jkz`kkbix xkkl ix tkxxnjef, Lkr kle~ wnee r`fxf cznflbx`ntx tzkjije~jf nmmflxfe~ nlckzmirnsf ilb zfwizbnlg% jvr xtflbnlg rnmfwnr` wkmfl wnee iexk tzfsflr vlwfehkmf kz nlittzktznirfirrflrnkl czkm mfl,



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Skevlrffz Hkmmflr

W`fl N im nl sneeigf% lkjkb~ rzfirx mf enaf i xrzilgfz,@kwfsfz% w`fl N gk rk m~ zfgnklie hitnrie% nr hil jf iwcve,N hilr riaf rwk xrftx wnr`kvr gfrrnlg i mizznigf tzktkxie,Efizlnlg rk bfie wnr` xfpvie ibsilhfx czkm Rkgkefxf mflnx i lfhfxxiz~ hìeeflgf rìr hil jf ksfzhkmf, Rkgkefxfzfxtklb sfz~ wfee rk gflref `vmkz, Ovxr ìsf i cfw xlitt~hkmfjihax kl ìlb% ilb ~kvee jf lf,

Tkxxnjef Nxxvfx ckz Skevlrffzx kc Hkekz R`kvg` vlhklxhnkvxe~% mil~ Rkgkefxf fptfhr rìr Imfznhil

Skevlrffzx wnee jf w`nrf% Skevlrffzx nl Rkgk w`k izf kc fr`lnhmnlkznr~ jihagzkvlbx wnee gflfziee~ lkr cnlb ksfzr jnixfx,@kwfsfz% Rkgkefxf mi~ miaf xkmf xrfzfkr~tnh ixxvmtrnklx,Ckz fpimtef% mkxr Ixnil-Imfznhil Skevlrffzx wneeivrkmirnhiee~ jf hklxnbfzfb H`nlfxf ilb Avlg Cv fptfzrx,

Il Icznhil-Imfznhil Skevlrffz mi~ cnzxr jf mnxriafl ckz iGìlinil kz Lngfznil jfhivxf kc il Ilgenhn fb Czflh` ihhflr,R`f~ mi~ jf fptfhrfb rk efizl ekhie eilgvigfx mkzf yvnhae~rìl kr`fz Tfihf Hkztx Skevlrffzx ilb mi~ fsfl jf ixafbijkvr r`fnz rznjie eilgvigfx ilb hvxrkmx,

Tkxxnjef Nxxvfx ckz Xflnkz Skevlrffzx Zfxtfhr hkmfx wnr` igf nl rzibnrnklie Rkgkefxf xkhnfr~% xkjfnlg i xflnkz nx gflfziee~ il ibsilrigf, Skevlrffzx nl r`fnzfize~ :4x cnlb rìr r`f~ mi~ ìsf rk miaf il fprzi fcckzrrk jf ihhftrfb ix tzkcfxxnklie hkeefigvfx xnlhf% sfz~ kcrfl%Rkgkefxf kc rìr igf izf xrnee tvzxvnlg r`fnz fbvhirnkl,



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Skevlrffz Hkmmflr

Ix i xflnkz Skevlrffz xfzsnlg nl Tfihf Hkztx+Rkgk% Nlb rìr Rkgkefxf rflb rk rzfir mf wnr` r`f zfxtfhr ilb

hkvzrfx~ rìr r`f~ wkveb kccfz il~ kr`fz Imfznhilxhkmnlg rk xfzsf nl r`fnz hkvlrz~, R`f hìeeflgf N cihf ixi xflnkz Skevlrffz nx rìr N im nl il kzgiln irnkl mibfvt kc tznmizne~ :4-xkmfr`nlgx% xkmf kc w`km izf ekkanlgckz i zfteihfmflr tizflr, R`f mkxr nmtkzrilr tnfhf kc fyvntmflr ~kv x`kveb jznlg nlrk ~kvz Tfihf Hkztx xfzsnhfnx i xflxf kc w`k ~kv izf ix i tfzxkl, W`fr`fz ~kv izf keb

kz ~kvlg% nl ~kvz sneeigf kz imklg kr`fz Skevlrffzx% ~kvìsf rk zfe~ vtkl ~kvz kwl nllfz zfxkvzhfx ckz xvttkzr,

Tkxxnjef Nxxvfx ckz Gi~% Efxjnil% kz Jnxfpvie Skevlrffzx @kmkxfpvienr~ nx lkr tvjenhe~ bnxhvxxfb kz ihalkwefbgfb nlRkgkefxf xkhnfr~, Xnlhf ihhftrilhf nl r`f zvzie hkmmvlnr~nx tizr ilb tizhfe rk i xvhhfxxcve Tfihf Hkztx fptfznflhfnl Rkgk% Skevlrffzx wnr` ierfzlirnsf xfpvie kznflrirnklxgflfziee~ h`kkxf lkr rk ktfle~ bnxhvxx r`fnz xfpvie kznflrirnklnl r`fnz sneeigfx, Gi~ ilb efxjnil Skevlrffzx ìsf% `kwfsfz%xvhhfxxcvee~ ilb xicfe~ wkzafb nl Rkgk,

Skevlrffz Hkmmflr

Ix i Tfihf Hkztx Skevlrffz% ieklg wnr` iee r`f cffenlgx kc hkmmvlnr~ ilb jfeklgnlg% ~kv wnee tzkjije~% czkm rnmf rkrnmf% fptfznflhf cffenlgx kc eklfenlfxx% jfnlg kvr kc teihf%ilb jfnlg xkmfr`nlg kc il kbbnr~, Nc ~kv izf gi~% efxjnil% kzjnxfpvie% hìlhfx izf ~kvzf lk xrzilgfz rk jfnlg mibf rkcffe r`nx wi~, Vlckzrvlirfe~% r`kxf cffenlgx hil jfnlrflxn fb `fzf,

Ir m~ xnrf% r`f yvfxrnkl kc m~ xfpvie kznflrirnkl ìx



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lfsfz jffl zinxfb, Nm lkr `fzf ekkanlg ckz eksf% jvr zir`fzrk wkza, W`fr`fz Nm gi~ kz xrzing`r nx lkr zfiee~ il nxxvf,

Iexk% jfhivxf kc r`f vlnsfzxie xvttkzr ilb ihhftrilhfczkm xricc ilb Skevlrffzx ienaf% nrx lkr jffl ir ieevljfizijef kz il~w`fzf hekxf rk mianlg mf zfgzfr ìsnlgh`kxfl rk hkmf `fzf,

Tkxxnjef Zfengnkvx Nxxvfx ckz Skevlrffzx R`fzf izf r`zff miokz zfengnklx nl Rkgk? H`znxrnilnr~% Nxeim%ilb Ilnmnxm, Tfktef wnr` bnccfzflr zfengnkvx jihagzkvlbx

rìl r`fxf r`zff mi~ ìsf bnccnhver~ tzihrnhnlg r`fnz zfengnkl,Jfnlg tfzhfnsfb ix ìsnlg lk zfengnkl ir iee mi~ lkr jfvlbfzxrkkb,

Skevlrffz Hkmmflr

H`znxrnilnr~ ilb Nxeim izf `fisne~ nmjvfb wnr` rzibnrnklie Icznhil zfengnkvx tzihrnhfx, H`znxrnilnr~ nl Rkgk nx sfz~bnccfzflr rìl H`znxrnilnr~ nl Imfznhi, R`fzf nx ilnlrflxfe~ fsilgfenhie hkmtklflr `fzf rìr hil efib

rk xkmf vlhkmckzrijef xnrvirnklx ckz il~klf w`k nxlkr i tzihrnhnlg H`znxrnil, Ix i Ofw% N ìsf zftfirfbe~flhkvlrfzfb xrzilgfzx w`k ìsf ihrnsfe~ ilb ixxfzrnsfe~rznfb rk hklsfzr mf rk H`znxrnilnr~, @kwfsfz% N ìsf ckvlbrìr mkxr Rkgkefxf Nsf mfr ìsf x`kwl lkr`nlg mkzf rìlhvznkxnr~% zfxtfhr% kz nglkzilhf kc kr`fz miokz zfengnklx,N wkveb ibsnxf il~ lfw Skevlrffz nl Rkgk rk jznlg nrfmxrìr zftzfxflr kz `fet ~kv tzihrnhf ~kvz zfengnkl? tzi~fzjkkax% hzvhn pfx% hilbefxrnhax% ilb mfbnrirnkl mirfzniex,Fsfl nc ~kv ìsf jffl eitxfb nl ~kvz zfengnkvx tzihrnhfxckz ~fizx% ~kvb jf xvztznxfb ir `kw `kmfxnha ~kv hil

jfhkmf ckz r`f xnglx ilb x~mjkex kc r`f hvervzf ~kv alkw,^kvee iexk jf xvztznxfb ir `kw hkllfhrfb i cfw mvzmvzfbtzi~fzx kz `~mlx wnee miaf ~kv cffe rk r`f tfktef ~kv eksfw`k izf r`kvxilbx kc mnefx iwi~,


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R`f hìeeflgfx cihnlg Skevlrffzx (ibitrnlg rk i bnccfzflrhvervzf% efizlnlg i eilgvigf% wkzanlg kvr r`f bfrinex kc i okj.mi~ jf fptfznflhfb bnccfzflre~ j~ fih` xtkvxf% jvr r`f~ wneejkr` cnlb xnmneiz ilb bnccfzflr zfwizbx ix wfee, I gkkb xflxfkc `vmkz ilb i ekr kc hkmmvlnhirnkl ilb tirnflhf wnee jfzfyvnzfb kc hkvtefx xfzsnlg rkgfr`fz,

R`f Wfier` Kc Imfznhil Bnsfzxnr~

R`f xfhklb gkie kc Tfihf Hkztx nx rk tzkmkrf i jfrrfz

vlbfzxrilbnlg kc Imfznhilx kl r`f tizr kc r`f tfktef xfzsfb,Nr nx% r`vx% nmtfzirnsf rìr Skevlrffzx `fet r`fnz Rkgkefxfihyvinlrilhfx vlbfzxrilb rìr r`f Vlnrfb Xrirfx kc Imfznhinx i vlnkl kc tfktefx czkm r`zkvg`kvr r`f wkzeb,

Rkgkefxf Bnsfzxnr~

R`f jkzbfzx kc Wfxr Icznhil lirnklx wfzf lkr bfrfzmnlfbj~ Wfxr Icznhilx% jvr j~ hkeklnie tkxfzx% w`k alfw kz hizfbenrref ijkvr eilgvigfx ilb fr`lnh gzkvtx kr`fz rìl r`fnz kwl,

@kwfsfz% fize~ nl nrx `nxrkz~% r`f Kzgiln irnkl kc Icznhil Vlnr~bfhnbfb rk ihhftr r`f jkzbfzx ix r`f~ wfzf ilb wkza rkwizblirnkl-jvnebnlg, R`nx ihhkvlrx ckz fr`lnh rflxnklx kl r`f klfìlb% jvr iexk ckz i wfier` kc bnsfzxnr~ kl r`f kr`fz,

Rkgk nx kle~ ijkvr :44 mnefx eklg ilb 64 mnefx wnbf% ~fr nrìx ksfz 64 bnccfzflr fr`lnh gzkvtx% fih` xtfianlg i bnccfzflreilgvigf, Tefixf zfcfz rk r`f irrih`fb hìzr zftzfxflrnlgzfgnklie bnccfzflhfx, Ir ~kvz tzf-xfzsnhf rzinlnlg ~kv wneeefizl mvh` mkzf ijkvr r`f hìeeflgfx ilb zfwizbx kc Rkgkefxf bnsfzxnr~,


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ZFGNKLHitnrie

TZNLHNTIEFR@LNH GZKVTX

Hvervzf

HENMIRFGfkgzit`~

FHKLKM^Minl Mizafrx

Xisilli` Zfgnkl(Zgnkl bfx

Xisilfx.

Hitnrie? Bitiklg

Mkji% Rh`kakxxn

Illvie Cfxrnsiexckz Gnzex ilb Jk~x

Hkmnlg kc Igf@izsfxr cfxrnsiex

Xi`fenil HenmirfEklg Bz~ Xfixkl

(Lksfmjfz Mi~.@izmirril wnlbx

czkm r`f Xi`fe jznlgbvxr ilb hkeb% r`flsfz~ kr wfir`fz

Igznhvervzf HkrrklGnl nl BitiklgMinl Mizafrx?

Hnlaixx% Bitiklg%Gilbk

Aizi Zfgnkl(Zgnkl bf ei Aizi.

Hitnrie ? Aizi

Aij~% Jixxiz%Aklakmji% Eimji%Akrkaken% Likvbji

Mil~ cfxrnsiex? f,g,Wzfxrenlg mirh`fx

ckz ~kvlg mfl%

Snzgnlnr~ Wiea ckz~kvlg wkmfl%Bilhfx rk fptfe fsneczkm hkmmvlnrnfx

Zinl~ Xfixkl(Itzne Khrkjfz.%

Bz~ Xfixkl(Lksfmjfz Mizh`.

Aizi Znsfz kwxihzkxx r`f zfgnkl

Igznhvervzf

Minl Mizafrx?Aizi% Arik% Aijkv%

Jixxiz

Hflrzie Zfgnkl(Zgnkl Hflrzief.

Hitnrie? Xkakb

Akrkaken% Aij~%Iglilgi

Rzibnrnklie cfxrnsiexxvh` ix @vlrfzx

bilhf kl kzxfjiha%Bilhf ckz r`f Jnzr`kc r`f Sneeigf% îm(nglimf. cfxrnsie

Xnrvirfb jfrwfflrwk zfgnklx rk r`f

lkzr` ilb rwk rk r`fxkvr`

Henmirf xnmneiz rkAizix jvr zinlnfz

ilb hkkefz jfhivxfkc i eklg zilgf kc mkvlrinlx zvllnlgr`zkvg` r`f zfgnkl

Igznhvervzf

Minl Mizafrx?Xkakb% Xkrkvjkvi%

Rhìmji

Teirfiv Zfgnkl(Zgnkl bfxTeirfivp.

Hitnrie? Iriatim

Fw% Iatkxxk% Nc

Iatfxxf Rzibn-rnklie Bilhf ckz r`f

Teirfiv Zfgnkl

Hksfzfb wnr`mkvlrinlx rkttfb

j~ teirfivx, Mkvlr

Igkv (>03 mfrfzx.= `ng`fxr tknlr nlRkgk, Rwk zinl~

xfixklx (Mizh`-Ove~ilb Xftrfmjfz-Lk-

sfmjfz. ilb rwk bz~xfixklx (Ove~-Xft-rfmjfz% Lksfmjfz-

Mizh`.

Znh`fxr zfgnkl fhk-

lkmnhiee~ Igznhve-rvzf Rkvznxm (cieex%`nxrkznh mvziex.

Minl Mizafrx?Iln% Imkv-Kjek%Atienm% Feisi-

glkl% Wiìei

Miznrnmf Zfgnkl(Zgnkl Miznrnmf.

Hitnrie? Rxsn

Fw (Kvirh`n. frMnli

Cfxrnsie kc r`fXihzfb Xrklf nlIlf`k% @izsfxr

Cfxrnsie% EnjfzirnklCfxrnsie

Ximf henmirf ix nlTeirfivp Zfgnkl

Ceir rzktnhie eilb-xhitf% jkzbfzfb j~Gvec kc Gvnlfi rk

r`f xkvr`

Igznhvervzf Mizafr(Ekm = klf kc r`fjnggfxr mizafrx nl

Wfxr Icznhi.

Kr`fz Minl Miz-afrx? Skgil% Rxsn%

Ixxi`kvl


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CZFYVF LRE^ IXAFB YVFXRNKLX4

@kw mvh` evggigf wnee N jf ieekwfb rk jznlg rk Rkgk;Mkxr inzenlfx ìsf jiggigf xn f ilb wfng`r enmnrx ilb ixxfxxhìzgfx ckz rzilxtkzr kc jiggigf rìr fphffbx r`kxf enmnrx,R`f Tfihf Hkztx ìx nrx kwl xn f ilb wfng`r enmnrx ilb wneelkr ti~ r`f hkxr kc rzilxtkzr ckz jiggigf rìr fphffbx r`fxfenmnrx, R`f Tfihf Hkztx ieekwilhf nx rwk h`fhafb tnfhfxkc evggigf wnr` hkmjnlfb bnmflxnklx kc jkr` tnfhfx lkr rk

fphffb 947 nlh`fx (eflgr` ! wnbr` ! `fng`r. ilb i hizz~-kljig wnr` bnmflxnklx kc lk mkzf rìl 26 nlh`fx, H`fhafbjiggigf x`kveb lkr fphffb 04 tkvlbx rkrie wnr` i mipnmvmwfng`r kc 64 tkvlbx ckz il~ klf jig,

Tfihf Hkztx Skevlrffzx izf lkr ieekwfb rk riaf tfrx%wfitklx% fptekxnsfx% zibnk rzilxmnrrfzx (x`kzrwisf zibnkxizf tfzmnrrfb.% ivrkmkjnefx% kz mkrkzh~hefx rk r`fnz ksfzxfixixxnglmflrx, Bk lkr tiha ceimmijef mirfzniex kz enyvnbxxvh` ix eng`rfz cevnb% hefilnlg xkesflrx% ìnz xtzi~% kz ifzkxkehklrinlfzx, R`nx nx il nmtkzrilr xicfr~ tzfhivrnkl,

Wìr n

peace corps togo welcome book | july 2009

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