Bio-Chemistry of Immunlolgy

Peptide Vaccine

Group 7

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Contents:I. Introduction

II. History

III. Vaccine preparation

IV. Example

V. Advantages and Disadvantages

VI. Reference

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IntroductionA vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active

acquired immunity to a particular disease.

A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a

disease-causing micro-organism and is often made from

weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or

one of its surface proteins.

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Contd..

The agent stimulates the body's immune system to

recognize the agent as a threat, destroy it, and keep a

record of it, so that the immune system can more easily

recognize and destroy any of these micro-organisms

that it later encounters

A Peptide vaccine is any peptide which serves to

immunize an organism against a pathogen

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Peptide vaccine are often synthetic

and mimic naturally occurring proteins from

pathogens

Peptide vaccine: has been taken to prevent diseases

such as: Hepatitis C, malaria, foot-and-mouth disease

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History

• 1963 Robert Bruce Merrifield: Synthetic Peptide

vaccine to used method Solid Phase.

Mr. Robert Bruce Merrifield

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Contd..

• 1993:Synthetic peptide vaccines fragments of

protein antigen sequences.

• 2001: about 40 human diseases are controlled by

vaccination

• 2005: Synthetic have 6 steps.

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Vaccine preparationThe development of synthetic peptide vaccine includes

the following 6 steps:

1.Selection of antigenic sequence

2.Identification of region of interest and limitations in

choice

3.Coupling of peptides to a carrier protein

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Contd..

4. Preclinical trials of selected antigens.

5. The development of the candidate vaccine and

laboratory technology for its production and elaboration

of samples for testing

6. Preclinical and clinical trials of the candidate vaccine

samples.

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Contd..

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Example

Synthetic Peptide vaccines against HCV(Hepatitis C virus)

•Hepatitis C virus show high variations Sen. When

they injected this peptide vaccines into T cells will

produce Antibodies against the virus.

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Viral-host immune interactions during HCV infection

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Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages

Production and quality control simpler

Easy to synthesize(large availability)

Allow a specific immune-monitoring of the patient

response

Allow to assess expression of targeted antigens in patient

tumor cells13

Contd..

Disadvantages

May be less immunogenic than conventional inactivated

whole-virus vaccines

Requires primary course of injections followed by boosters

Requires adjuvant

Costs

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http://www.who.int/topics/vaccines/en/

A federal government Website managed by the U.S. Department of Health

and Human Services

http://www.vaccines.gov/more_info/types/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1810383/

http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/hivaids/research/vaccines/Pages/

default.aspx

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19208455

References:

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