physical & chemical parameters of the turnbow pond cody clark dylan weir jeffery johnson
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Physical & Chemical Parameters of the Turnbow Pond
Cody Clark
Dylan Weir
Jeffery Johnson
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Turnbow PondGroundwater Fed– Multiple seeps on uphill side– Stream running along south edge
Expanded a couple years ago– Most macrophytes removed– Very turbid after refill
Aeration system
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Group A • Dissolved Oxygen• Temperature• Total Phosphorus• Conductiviy• pH• Bathymetry• Irradiance• Chlorophyll ɑ
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YSI 556 Multiprobe
Measures• Dissolved Oxygen• Temperature• Conductivity• pH
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Dissolved O² & Temp
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Conductivity & pH
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Total Phosphorus
Kemmerer Sampler
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Bathymetry• Equipment
• Boat, depth finder with GPS system, and a handheld GPS.
• Process• Depth finder attached to boat maps the pond
floor• GPS collects data points as the boat moves
around the pond• Handheld GPS walked around high water mark
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Bathymetry
• Methods– Paddle around pond in a grid pattern– Establish minimum and maximum depths
for sample protocols– Walk the edge of the entire pond where the
visible high water mark resides
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Bathymetry• Data Analysis
– ArcGIS software organizes data points and renders a 3-D image of the pond shape and depth throughout
– Minimum, maximum and average depths are calculated
– Water volume is calculated from 3-D rendering and GPS points.
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Bathymetry
• Results– All data points collected
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BathymetryResults• Volume = 6297.2 M³• Area = 4679 M²
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How to Measure Irradiance• Photosynthetic Active Radiation (PAR)• Measures amount of light able to
penetrateto “X” depth
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Irradiance Profile• Zero UV penetration >1m depth• This plus turbidity creates colder
temperatures
for trout.
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What Is Chlorophyll a
• Chlorophyll is used by green plants and algae to absorb sunlight and carry out photosynthesis.
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Why Were Chlorophyll Samples taken?
• By measuring chlorophyll, you are indirectly measuring the amount of photosynthesizing plants found in a sample.
• In this case Algae• To little, not enough to support biological
communities.• To much, indicates abnormally high nutrient levels • Can result in algal blooms
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How was it Collected?
• Collected using a 2 liter Van-Dorn Sampler
• Samples were taken at 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 meters
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Turnbow Pond Chlorophyll a
• Turnbow pond is Eutrophic Like most ponds
• Highly productivity due to high nutrients,especially nitrogen and phosphorus.
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What do These Levels Mean?
• Upper water layer has 24.15 µg/L• Most Eutrophic ponds range from 20 – 56
µg/L• A Clear high mountain lakes have 0-2.6 µg/L• Levels in pond may have been much higher
in summer
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What can be done?
• Refrain from spreading fertilizers up hill of the pond
• Increase the number of Cladocera by decreasing pond pH