European SecurityEuropean Security

More efforts to ensure that peace would prevail.More efforts to ensure that peace would prevail.

The Locarno Pact (1925)The Locarno Pact (1925)

Brought an air of optimism to Western Europe. Followed by Germany’s entry into League

(1926). 1925-29 (Locarno era) is only period of stability

and hope for lasting peace during interwar period.

Series of treaties agreeing to…

Brought an air of optimism to Western Europe. Followed by Germany’s entry into League

(1926). 1925-29 (Locarno era) is only period of stability

and hope for lasting peace during interwar period.

Series of treaties agreeing to…

Britain, France, Belgium, Italy, and Germany…Britain, France, Belgium, Italy, and Germany… …agree to guarantee existing frontiers. …agree to the demilitarization of the

Rhineland.

…agree to guarantee existing frontiers. …agree to the demilitarization of the

Rhineland.

France, Germany, and Belgium…France, Germany, and Belgium…

…agree to NOT make war. Britain ends up guaranteeing the frontiers of

Europe. German fears of another occupation are

alleviated. French fear of Germany relieved, taking

pressures off relationships with Eastern Europe. Security in West, insecurity in East.

…agree to NOT make war. Britain ends up guaranteeing the frontiers of

Europe. German fears of another occupation are

alleviated. French fear of Germany relieved, taking

pressures off relationships with Eastern Europe. Security in West, insecurity in East.

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Aristide Briand, Austin Chamberlain, Gustav StresemannAristide Briand, Austin Chamberlain, Gustav Stresemann

Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928)Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928)

AKA Pact of Paris. This was a declaration of policy, not a formal

treaty. 15 nations denounced war as a method of

solving disputes. Supported by USA Signed by Germany and USSR

AKA Pact of Paris. This was a declaration of policy, not a formal

treaty. 15 nations denounced war as a method of

solving disputes. Supported by USA Signed by Germany and USSR

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DisarmamentDisarmament

It was generally agreed that the arms race was a major cause of WWI.

Paris Treaties had forced Germany and allies to disarm, and League was committed to disarmament.

In principal everyone agreed, but disarmament failed due to mistrust. Nations had not abandoned war as a means of

international diplomacy. 3 major attempts at disarmament.

It was generally agreed that the arms race was a major cause of WWI.

Paris Treaties had forced Germany and allies to disarm, and League was committed to disarmament.

In principal everyone agreed, but disarmament failed due to mistrust. Nations had not abandoned war as a means of

international diplomacy. 3 major attempts at disarmament.

Washington Conference (1921)Washington Conference (1921)

Focused on naval disarmament. Signed by US, Britain, France, Japan, and

Italy. Agreed that…

…they would not construct any new battleships for 10 years.

…naval tonnage would be reduced to an agreed upon ratio.

Lasted to 1936.

Focused on naval disarmament. Signed by US, Britain, France, Japan, and

Italy. Agreed that…

…they would not construct any new battleships for 10 years.

…naval tonnage would be reduced to an agreed upon ratio.

Lasted to 1936.

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London Conference (1930)London Conference (1930)

US, Britain, France, Japan, and Italy met to further reduce naval tonnage.

France and Italy fought and both left early. US, Britain, and Japan stayed and agreed to

further reduce all types of military ships.

US, Britain, France, Japan, and Italy met to further reduce naval tonnage.

France and Italy fought and both left early. US, Britain, and Japan stayed and agreed to

further reduce all types of military ships.

Geneva Disarmament Conference (1932)Geneva Disarmament Conference (1932) Attended by 60 nations (including US, USSR,

and Germany). They were making some progress regarding

general disarmament. Hitler came to power in 1933 and pulled

Germany out of conference and League and the talks broke down.

Attended by 60 nations (including US, USSR, and Germany).

They were making some progress regarding general disarmament.

Hitler came to power in 1933 and pulled Germany out of conference and League and the talks broke down.