power plant instrumentation unit 2

8/8/2019 Power Plant Instrumentation Unit 2

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Rke t 0

1. Lhgùstehk lhktrhd hi gaek fbambr?

Lhgùstehk es tfb fenf tbgpbraturb hxematehk hi tfb lhgùste`db bdbgbkt hi a iubd wetf fbat rbdbasb.]fb lhgùste`db bdbgbkts ek lhad akm iubd hed arb lar`hk, fymrhnbk akm sudpfur. ]fb àsel bquatehks

arb as ihddhws?

L + H0 LH0 +


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sekndb hxynbk parteldb bxaltdy at tfb renft pdalb ihr lhgùstehk at renft tegb, tfbrbihrb et es kblbssary

th suppdy ghrb aer tfbk tfb tfbhrbtelad aer akm es ckhwk as bxlbss aer.

0. Aer-iubd rateh lhktrhd?

\ta`db lhgùstehk lhkmetehks rbquerb tfb renftaghukts hi iubds akm hxynbk.]fb lhgùstehk

prhmults arb fbat bkbrny, lar`hk mehxemb, watbr vaphur, ketrhnbk, akm htfbr nasbs (bxldumekn

hxynbk). Ek tfbhry tfbrb es a spbleiel aghukt hi hxynbk kbbmbm th lhgpdbtbdy ùrk a nevbk aghukt hiiubd. Ek praltelb, ùrkekn lhkmetehks arb kbvbr embad.

]fbrbihrb, ghrb aer tfak embad gust `b suppdebm th ùrk add iubd lhgpdbtbdy. ]fb aghukt hi aer ghrb

tfak tfb tfbhrbtelad rbquerbgbkt es rbibrrbm th as bxlbss aer.

Zhwbr pdakt `hedbrs khrgaddy ruk a`hut 1: th 0:pbrlbkt bxlbss aer. Katurad nas-ierbm `hedbrs gay ruk

as dhw as2pbrlbkt bxlbss aer. Zudvbrezbm lhad-ierbm `hedbrs gay ruk wetf 0:pbrlbkt bxlbss aer. Nas

turèkbs ruks vbry dbak wetf up th


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\bdbltevb ùrkbr hpbratehk es amhptbm `y shgb mbsenkbrs akm hpbratekn nrhups mbpbkmekn uphk tfb

iurkalb hutdbt tbgpbraturb rbquerbgbkt. ]fes iurtfbr lhktrhds tfb stbag tbgpbraturb ek rbfbatbrs.

Ek add tfbsb gbtfhms et fas th `b rbgbg`brbm tfat wfatbvbr es mhkb ihr rbfbatbr tbgpbraturb lhktrhd

wedd adsh aiiblt tfbsupbrfbatbr tbgpbraturb,tfb biiblt hi wfelf tfb mbsenkbrs tacb larb wfedb

mbsenkekn tfb thtad prhlbss.

>. \upbrfbatbr ]bgpbraturb Lhktrhd ek @hedbrs?

\tbag tbgpbraturb lhktrhd es larrebm hut ek add `hedbrs th nbt a lhkstakt tbgpbraturb wetfek a raknb.

Gbtfhms decb mb supbrfbatekn `y watbr ekobltehk, idub nas idhw mevbrtekn, ùrkbr tedtekn arb ibw

systbgs amhptbm. Gaek stbag akm rbfbat hutdbt tbgpbraturb arb lhktrhddbm `y tfbsb gbtfhms ek `hedbr.

Add `hedbrs usbm ihr `htf prhlbss akm phwbr nbkbratehk pdakts favb th gaektaek stbag paragbtbrs

wetfek a parteludar raknb. ]fb prbssurb akm tbgpbraturb hi stbag at supbrfbatbr akm rbfbatbr hutdbts

arb th `b gaektaekbm th alfebvb hptegug pdakt biielebkly. Ek darnb lapalety `hedbrs, ekobltehk typb

mbsupbrfbatekn es ghrb phpudar. Pbfbatbrs ek phwbr `hedbrs lak adsh `b tblfkeladdy ldasseiebm as

supbrfbatbrs3 fhwbvbr tfb typb hi lhktrhd amhptbm es gaekdy varyekn tfb fbat avaeda`db irhg tfb idub

nas semb `y `ypassekn tfb idub nas th tfb supbrfbatbr semb akm tfb ùrkbr tedt th vary tfb rameakt fbatavaedaèdety.

\upbrfbatekn systbg?

\upbrfbatbrs ek darnb lapalety `hedbrs arb hi `htf lhkvbltevb akm rameakt typb. ]fb lhkvbltevb typb

supbrfbatbrs arb pdalbm ek tfb sblhkm pass hi tfb `hedbr, akm tfbsb arb adsh laddbm dhw tbgpbraturb

supbr fbatbrs. Nbkbraddy a`hut a =: th 9: mbnrbb lbktenramb tbgpbraturb pelc up tacbs pdalb hk tfb

stbag semb ek tfes supbrfbatbr. ]fb stbag irhg tfes ghvbs th a rameakt typb supbrfbatbr laddbm tfb

pakbd hr pdatbk supbrfbatbr, akm a`hut a >: th 1:: mbnrbb lbktenramb pelcup tacb pdalb tfbrb. ]fes es

ihddhwbm `y tfb iekad supbrfbatbr, akm tfb rbgaekekn rbquerbm tbgpbraturb es pelcbm up fbrb.

Hkb fas th ukmbrstakm tfat tfb mbsenkbr lak vary tfb pelcup pattbrk mbpbkmekn uphk fes way hi

praltelb hr rbquerbgbkt. @ut ek add tfb gbtfhms amhptbm, tfb iekad tbgpbraturb gust `b wetfek a

karrhw raknb nbkbraddy pdus / gekus ievb mbnrbbs lbktenramb. ]fb supbrfbatbrs arb sh surialbm tfat,

ihr tfb mbsenk iubd hi tfb `hedbr, tfbrb wedd kht `b aky mbsupbrfbatekn rbquerbgbkt.

Mbsupbrfbatekn systbg?

]frbb gaohr systbgs arb amhptbm tfb whrdm hvbr? tfb ekobltehk typb, tfb idub nas idhw mevbrtekn typb,

akm tfb ùrkbr tedt. ]fb dast twh arb amhptbm ihr rbfbatbr stbag tbgpbraturb lhktrhd. ]fb ierst hkb es

amhptbm ihr supbrfbatbr tbgpbraturb lhktrhd. Et adsh usbm ek rbfbatbrs murekn bgbrnbklebs wfbk tfbrbes a kbbm th qubklf tfb tbgpbraturb bvbk aitbr rbalfekn tfb gaxegug hi lhktrhd hk tfb khrgad

systbg amhptbm. ]fb gatbread sbdbltehk ihr tfb supbrfbatbr `bihrb tfb ekobltehk wedd `b nrbatdy

ekidubklbm `y tfb quaktety hi ekobltehk.

Ekobltehk typb mbsupbrfbatekn?

Ek adghst add darnb lapalety `hedbrs tfbrb arb twh ekobltehk phekts prhvembm. ]fb ierst mbsupbrfbatbr es

pdalbm `btwbbk tfb dhw tbgpbraturb supbrfbatbr akm tfb pdatbk/pakbd supbrfbatbr. ]fb sblhkm hkb es

pdalbm `btwbbk tfb pdatbk/pakbd akm tfb iekad supbrfbatbr. ]fb lhktrhd es mhkb ghstdy `y tfb

mbsupbrfbatbr, akm tfb sblhkm hkb es ghrb ihr iekb tukekn, as tfb rbsphksb tegb ihr tfb ierst es dhkn. Ek`htf tfb lasbs tfb ibbm watbr es tappbm at ak apprhpreatb phekt akm ekobltbm as iekb spray tfrhunf
http://c/Users/mohit/Documents/power%20plant%20instrumentation/engineering/mechanical/articles/43654.aspxhttp://c/Users/mohit/Documents/power%20plant%20instrumentation/engineering/mechanical/articles/43654.aspxhttp://c/Users/mohit/Documents/power%20plant%20instrumentation/engineering/mechanical/articles/43654.aspxhttp://c/Users/mohit/Documents/power%20plant%20instrumentation/engineering/mechanical/articles/43654.aspx


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khzzdbs ek tfb stbag pepb hi tfb mbsupbrfbatbr. ]fb gblfakelad mbsenk aspblt ekldumbs dekbrs sh tfat

tfb tbgpbraturb meiibrbktead es kht merbltdy ibdt hk tfb prbssurb part semb hi tfb mbsupbrfbatbr.

Idub nas mevbrtekn mbsenk?

Fbrb tfb idub nas patf ek tfb sblhkm pass hi tfb `hedbr es mevembm ek twh. Hkb fhusbs tfb supbrfbatbr

akm part hi blhkhgezbr3 tfb htfbr fhusbs tfb rbfbatbr akm part hi tfb blhkhgezbr. ]fb supbrfbatbr

fbrb es tfb dhw tbgpbraturb (adsh laddbm pregary) supbrfbatbr. ]fb rbfbatbr fbrb es laddbm tfbfhrezhktad rbfbatbr akm ihrgs a lhksembra`db phrtehk hi tfb thtad rbfbatbr surialb. ]fbrb arb magpbrs

prhvembm ek tfb `htthg hi balf pass wfelf lak vary tfb idhw ek tfb sbltehk ekldumekn a ypass idhw

arba ek `btwbbk tfb twh idhw patfs. @y varyekn tfb idub nas idhw ek tfb rbfbatbr sbltehk, tfb pelcup

lak `b varebm th lhktrhd tfb iekad rbfbat stbag tbgpbraturb. Fbrb adsh tfb supbrfbatbr tbgpbraturb

lhktrhd es mhkb `y ekobltehk, fhwbvbr tfbrb wedd `b ak biiblt hk tfb fbat traksibrrbm ek tfb supbrfbatbr

sbltehk.

6. Gastbr iubd trep?

DHKY? denft hed khk rbnudatbm vadvb

FHKY? fbavy hed khk rbnudatbm vadvb

EHKY? enketehk hed khk rbnudatbm vadvb

DH]Y? denft hed trep vadvb

FH]Y? fbavy hed trep vadvb

EH]Y? enketehk hed trep vadvb


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Nbkbraddy, iurkalb hed hr aky cekm hi iubd es suslbpte`db th bxpdhsehk fazarms. Et fas `bbk bsta`desfbm

tfat tfb gaohrety hi bxpdhsehk hllurs murekn start-up, sfutmhwk akm dhw dham hpbratehks.

]fb iurkalb saibnuarm supbrveshry systbg (I\\\) es mbsenkbm th bksurb tfb bxblutehk hi a saib,

hrmbrdy hpbratekn sbqubklb ek tfb start up akm sfutmhwk hi iubd ierekn bquepgbkt.

Iukltehk hi I\\\?

1. Zrbvbkt aky iubd ierekn ukdbss a satesialthry iurkalb purnb sbqubklb fas `bbk lhgpdbtbm.

0. Zrbvbkt start-up hi ekmevemuad iubd ierekn bquepgbkt ukdbss lbrtaek pbrgessevb ektbrdhlc fas `bbk

satesiebm.


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Bxagpdb, Iurkalb prbssurb fenf hr dhw irbqubktdy fappbk wfbk bvbk uket rukàlc

6. \blhkmary aer mult prbssurb fenf.

5. ]htad Aer Idhw Dhw.

1:. Add IM Iak trep.

11. Add EM Iak trep.

5. Iurkalb prbssurb lhktrhd?

Iurkalb prbssurb lhktrhd es a iaerdy segpdb dhhp, ùt ets adsh hkb tfat fas egphrtakt saibtyegpdelatehks. ]fb Katehkad Ierb Zrhtbltehk Asshleatehk (KIZA) lhmbs, sulf as KIZA 62? @hedbr akm

Lhgùstehk \ystbgs Fazarms Lhmb, arb mbmelatbm th ierb akm iurkalb bxpdhsehk akm egpdhsehk

prhtbltehk. @bihrb yhu `bnek tukekn a `hedbr, yhu gust rbam akm ukmbrstakm tfb KIZA lhmbs tfat

appdy th yhur `hedbr.

@adaklbm mrait `hedbrs usb ekmulbm mrait (EM) iaks akm/hr tfber ekdbt magpbrs th lhktrhd `hedbr iurkalb

prbssurb. ]fb typelad lhktrhd systbg fas hkb lhktrhddbr tfat lhgparbs tfb meiibrbklb `btwbbk tfb

iurkalb prbssurb akm tfb iurkalb prbssurb sbt phekt tfat usbs a ibbm ihrwarm senkad usuaddy àsbm hk

ihrlbm mrait (IM) iak gastbr hutput. ]fb hutput irhg tfb lhktrhddbr typeladdy es ibm tfrhunf ak EM iak

gastbr lhktrhd statehk. \gaddbr ukets gay favb a sekndb EM iak, ùt darnbr ukets usuaddy favb twh hr

ghrb EM iaks. ]fb ghst E favb sbbk es benft EM iaks ihr a sekndb uket. Ek tfes lasb, tfb hutput irhg tfb

lhktrhd dhhp hr gastbr es mestreùtbm th tfb ekmevemuad iak lhktrhd statehks.

]fb KIZA adsh rbquerbs shgb ammetehkad dhnel ihr tfb iurkalb prbssurb lhktrhd dhhp th bksurb

ambquatb hpbratekn saibty garneks. ]fbrb sfhudm `b fenf akm dhw iurkalb prbssurb dhnel th `dhlc tfb

EM iak irhg eklrbasekn hr mblrbasekn spbbm, as es apprhpreatb. Ihr bxagpdb, `blausb tfes iak sulcs

idub nas hut hi tfb iurkalb, hk a fenf iurkalb prbssurb senkad tfb iak sfhudm `b `dhlcbm irhg

mblrbasekn spbbm akm hk a dhw iurkalb prbssurb senkad et sfhudm `b `dhlcbm irhg eklrbasekn spbbm.

Hk a vbry kbnatevb iurkalb prbssurb senkad, tfbrb sfhudm `b ak hvbrremb tfat ldhsbs tfb EM ekdbt

magpbr hr mblrbasbs EM iak spbbm. ]fb sbttekns hi tfbsb senkads arb mbtbrgekbm `y tfb `hedbr akm iak

suppdebr murekn tfb mbsenk hi tfb pdakt.

Adsh, hk a gaek iubd trep (GI]) tfbrb sfhudm `b GI] celcbr dhnel. Ak GI] hllurs wfbk tfb ùrkbr

gakanbgbkt systbg mbtblts a maknbrhus lhkmetehk akm sfuts mhwk tfb `hedbr `y sblurekn tfb iubd pbr

KIZA akm `hedbr gakuialturbr rbquerbgbkts. ^fbk iubd es rbghvbm, tfb idagb wetfek tfb iurkalb

lhddapsbs vehdbktdy, wfelf lak lausb a dht hi wbar akm tbar hk tfb `hedbr akm rbdatbm `hedbr bquepgbkt.

Et adsh prbsbkts tfb vbry rbad maknbr hi ak egpdhsehk. ]fb GI] celcbr sfhudm eggbmeatbdy rbmulb tfb

lhktrhd hutput th tfb iak(s) prhphrtehkad th tfb dham `bekn larrebm at tfb tegb hi tfb GI] akm tfbk

rbdbasb tfb mbvelb àlc th khrgad hpbratehk.