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Created the Carolingian Empire
Video of Charlemagne’s Crowning
Charlemagne’s
grandsons fought for
control of the
empire after his
death
In 843, they signed
the Treaty of Verdun
Divides the empire
into 3 kingdoms.
After Jesus’ death, the role of the leader of the Christian church was handed down to his apostles (closest followers) When the apostles died (mostly by persecution), bishops were appointed to lead the church. The Bishop of Rome, also known as the Pope, became head of the, now called, Roman Catholic Church.
Christianity —> Catholic Church
Structure of the Catholic Church
Priests
Bishop
Archbishop
Pope
-led local churches called parishes -met social needs of the parishes, which was the center of
village social life
led a group of parishes, or area called a bishopric
led a group of bishoprics
head of the church
Monks & Monasteries Monk: a man who separates himself from ordinary society to dedicate himself
to God. Monastery: location of life for monks
-Saint Benedict wrote a list of rules to guide a community of monks
-Each day was divided into activities, prayer, song, manual labor
-Monasteries were led by abbots, or “fathers”
-Each monastery owned land to sustain itself
-was an example of morals to the community by providing school, hospital for travelers & sick
- taught peasants trade skills like carpentry and weaving
-Center of learning -Nuns: Women began to also separate
themselves from the world to dedicate themselves to God.
Nuns lived in convents
Feudalism
-Created due to invasions and need of safety -People turn to local aristocrat, or noble, for protection Idea came from Germanic society called vassalage
-Warrior (knight) swore loyalty to leader and fought in battle -In return, leader took care of warrior’s needs
definition: political and social system that developed during the Middle Ages when royal governments were no longer able to defend their
subjects; nobles offered protection and land in return for service
