prelims-stages of human devt

7/28/2019 Prelims-stages of Human Devt

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STAGES OF HUMAN LIFE AND

ITS NEEDS

Franelyne P. CasugaFaculty of Pharmacy

University of Santo Tomas


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MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

INFANCY (1 month to 1 year)

Developing a sense of trust and belonging

from a relationship with mother and father

Differentiating self from environment


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INFANCY (1 month to 1 year) Learning

Eat solid food

Walk

Explore

Communicate


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TODDLER (1 to 3 years)

Developing

Will power

Independence

LearningExploring environment


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PRESCHOOL (3 to 6 years) Developing

Sexual identity

Sense of initiative


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PRESCHOOL (3 to 6 years) Developing sense of

Time

SpaceDistance


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PRESCHOOL (3 to 6 years) Developing sense of

Imagination


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SCHOOL-AGE (6 to puberty)

Developing

Sense of work

Planning and carrying out projects


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Learning

Read

Calculate


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Developing neuromuscular

coordination

Learning to control emotions


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ADOLESCENT (12 to 20 years) Developing

Physical maturity

Autonomy from home and family

Self-identity

Coping with body images


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YOUNG ADULTHOOD (18 to 40 years) Establishment of enduring close physical and

emotional relationships

Child bearing Child rearing


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YOUNG ADULTHOOD (18 to 40 years)

Establishing financial security

Community responsibility

Social interaction with peers


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MIDDLE ADULT (40 TO 65 years)

Separation from children

Establishment in a job

Adapt to aged parents


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MIDDLE ADULT (40 TO 65 years)

Adapt to physiological changes of

aging

Adjustment to altered relationship

with spouse


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OLDER ADULT (40 TO 65 years)

Acceptance of own life as valuable

and appropriate

Adaptation to reduced physical

health and strength

Possible death of spouse


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OLDER ADULT (40 TO 65 years)

Adjustment to retirement income

Development of relationship with

new family members

Adaptation to change in living

location and style


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Development proceeds in orderly andpredictable pattern

Thorough knowledge of normal behavior

is required to detect abnormalities in

development


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BEHAVIOR

An expression of complex interaction

Four fields

Motor behavior

Adaptive behaviorLanguage development

Personal social behavior


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BEHAVIOR

MOTOR BEHAVIORGROSS MOTOR

Involves posturing of the head, trunk

and extremities

Necessitates movement of all or much

of the body


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BEHAVIOR

MOTOR BEHAVIOR

FINE MOTOR

Illustrated by well-coordinated movements

of small muscles

Fingers


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BEHAVIOR

ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR

Most significant

Most closely related to intelligence

Involves

Ability to utilize and manipulate objects

Motor and sensory coordination in thesolution of practical problems

Resourcefulness in using past experience

in adjusting to new situations


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BEHAVIORLANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT

Ability to understand another person and

to be able to make oneself understoodReflex sounds and feeble gestures (3rd week)

Crying

Cooing

Babbling (3rd to 8th month)

Ma-ma, da-da

Gestures (starts at the 4th month)

Word usage


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BEHAVIOR

PERSONAL SOCIAL BEHAVIOR

Affected by environment and culture

Includes

Habits affecting feeding, bowel and

bladder control

Ability to get along with other people


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DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES

2 MONTHS Symmetrical position

Head control up to 45 from prone position

Hands no longer fisted

Change in activity when spoken to

Vocalizes (small throaty sounds)


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3 MONTHS

Moves head towards sound

Holds rattle temporarily

Alert


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4 MONTHS

Can follow moving objects with eyes

Both hands activate towards toy

Takes toy in hand to mouth


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5 MONTHS

Good head control

Laughs loudly

Reaches for objects


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DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES6 MONTHS

Sits with support

Rolls over


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7 MONTHS

Plays with rattle

Bounces

Recognizes familiar faces


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DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES8 MONTHS

Transfers objects from hand to hand

Sits without support Imitates hand movement


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9 MONTHS

Sits well

Holds bottle when feeding

Creeps


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10 MONTHS Pulls to feet

Uses thumb and index finger to hold small

objects

Understands gestures


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11 MONTHS Stands with support

Does nursery games (peek-a-boo)

Repetitive consonant sounds (mama) Two words with meaning

Responds to sound of name


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12 MONTHS Stands alone

Cruises or walks holding to furniture

Attempts to use a spoon Obeys commands or requests

Cooperates in dressing


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15 MONTHS Walks alone, crawls up stairs

Feeds self with spoon

Builds tower of 2 cubes Jargon, four to five words

Hugs parents


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18 MONTHS Seats self in childs chair

Creeps up stairs

Builds tower of 3 cubes

Imitates a vertical stroke

Plays ball

Has 10 words


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24 MONTHS Runs well

Can go up and down the stairs

Uses a fork

Combines 2 or 3 words in a sentence

Toilet-trained during the day


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2 YEARS Runs well

Can go up and down the stairs

Uses a fork

Combines 2 or 3 words in a sentence

Toilet-trained during the day


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3 YEARS Stands on one leg

Builds tower of 10 cubes

Knows sex and full name Dresses self except for buttons and tying

shoes


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3 YEARS Rides tricycle

Dresses self except for buttons and tying

shoes Counts to 3 or more


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4 YEARS Walks up and downstairs alternating feet

Imitates a cross

Recognizes 2 or more colors Cleans oneself, combs hair and brushes

teeth


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6 YEARS Can write fairly well

Draws a complete person with clothes

Adds and subtracts Distinguishes between left and right

Dresses self completely

prelims-stages of human devt

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