production of 22-24 ay m 9 1 0 2 climate responsive ... · production of climate responsive urban...

I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o n f e r e n c e

22-24

MAY 2019

ISTANBUL

TURKEY

VENUE

ISTANBUL POLICY CENTER Bankalar Caddesi, No: 2 Sabancı University

Karaköy Minerva Han 34420 Karaköy Istanbul – TURKEY

Production of

Climate Responsive

Urban Built

Environments

ABSTRACT BOOK

ISBN: 978-605-2095-57-7


22-24

MAY 2019

ISTANBUL

TURKEY

VENUE



Production of

Climate Responsive

Urban Built

Environments

ABSTRACT BOOK

PRODUCTION OF CLIMATE

RESPONSIVE URBAN BUILT

ENVIRONMENTS

22-24 MAY 2019, ISTANBUL,

TURKEY

Scientific Committee:

Professor Anlı Ataöv, Middle East Technical University Professor Fuat Keyman, Istanbul Policy Center, Sabancı University Professor Handan Türkoğlu, Istanbul Technical University Professor Georgia Butina Watson, Oxford Brookes University Professor Kristine Kern, Leibniz Institute for Research on Society and Space Professor Michael Hebbert, University College London Assoc. Professor Emma Street, University of Reading Assoc. Professor Joanne Tippett, University of Manchester Assoc. Professor Senem Aydın Düzgit, Istanbul Policy Center, Sabancı University Dr. Arjen van Nieuwenhuijzen, Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Metropolitan Solutions Dr. Cem İskender Aydın, Istanbul Policy Center, Sabancı University Dr. Ender Peker, Istanbul Policy Center, Sabancı University Dr. Ethemcan Turhan, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology Dr. Pelin Oğuz, Istanbul Policy Center, Sabancı University Dr. Pınar Ertör Akyazı, Istanbul Policy Center, Sabancı University Dr. Ümit Şahin, Istanbul Policy Center, Sabancı University

Conference Convener:

Dr. Ender Peker, Istanbul Policy Center, Sabancı University

Administrative Assistant:

Yavuzhan Danışman, Istanbul Policy Center, Sabancı University

3

1st DAY – (22 MAY 2019) ROOM

09:00 - 09:30 REGISTRATION 2nd Floor at IPC

09:30 – 10:00 WELCOMING & OPENING 2nd Floor

10:00 – 11:30

SESSION 1: THERMAL COMFORT

Moderator: Prof. Soofia Tahira Elias Özkan

Dursun, D. and Yavaş, M. Thermal Comfort Effects of New Urban Development Projects: The Case of Erzurum

Mutlu E. B.; Yılmaz, S. and Sarı, E. N. Analysis of the Effect of Building and Plant Design on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Cold Climate Areas with ENVI-met

Güler Tozluoğlu, E. and Kaya, H. S. Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Usage Characteristics in Historical and Modern Urban Squares of Istanbul, Turkey

Baş, H. and Doğrusoy, İ. T. Effects of Urban Block Typologies on Wind Flow Characteristics: The Case of Izmir, Turkey

2nd Floor

11:30 – 11:45 COFFEE BREAK

11:45 – 13:00

SESSION 2: URBAN MICRO-CLIMATE

Moderator: Prof. Soofia Tahira Elias Özkan

Bakovic, M. The Significance of Simulation Tools in Achieving Sustainable Urban Environments

Ödül, H. and Kuşçu Şimşek, Ç. Monitoring the Temporal Micro-Climatic Change in an Urban Area: The Case Study of Ümraniye District

Işık, D. and Kuşçu Şimşek, Ç. Urban Climate Change Prediction by Using Artificial Neural Networks: A Case Study of the 3rd Bosphorus Bridge

2nd Floor

13:00 – 14:15 LUNCH Top Floor

14:15 – 15:30

SESSION 3: URBAN HEAT ISLAND

Moderator: Prof. Fatih Terzi

Sakar, B. Parametric Model: A Method to Mitigate Urban Heat Island Effect in Urban Areas – An Application on the Case of Mustafa Kemal Neighborhood in Ankara

Üstün, D. D.; Sonuç, C. and Yurdanur, Ü. Impact of Vertical and Horizontal Urbanization on Urban Heat Island of Istanbul

Gürsel Dino, İ. and Akgül, M. Ç. Understanding Climate Change and Urban Heat Island Impacts on the Built Environment

2nd Floor


15:45 –17:00

SESSION 4: NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS

Moderator: Prof. Azime Tezer

Şahin Burat, E. Not Two Worlds But One: The Nature of Urban Architecture

Yepez, G.; Salmon, N.; Mejia, G.; Mejia, P.; Garófalo, G. Masache, M.; Duque, M.; Salazar, D. L. M.; Yepez, M. and Báez, A. Co-design of a Nature-Based Solutions Ecosystem for Reactivating a Peri-urban District in Quito, Ecuador

Atun-Girgin, F.; Pfeffer, K.; Sliuzas, R. and Reckien, D. NBS as a Policy and Planning Measure to Mitigate Climate Change Impacts

2nd Floor


18:00 – 19:30KEYNOTE SPEECH by PROFESSOR GERALD MILLS, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN

Urban and Global Scale Climate ScienceGround Foyer

19:30 – 20:30 WELCOMING COCKTAIL

4

2nd DAY – (23 MAY 2019) ROOM

09:45 – 10:00 REGISTRATION 2nd Floor at IPC

10:00 – 11:15

SESSION 5: URBAN DESIGN AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Moderator: Prof. Mehmet Ocakçı

Erdem, U. and Çubukçu, K. M. The Effects of Urban Morphology and Topology on Urban Heat Islands: A Spatial Regression Approach

Toparlar, Y.; Blocken, B.; Maiheu, B. and van Heijst, G. J. F. More than a green space: How much energy can an urban park save?

Topaloğlu, S. and Kayasü, S. Tamirevi: A Model Restoration Practice for Historic Houses in Mardin

2nd Floor


11:30 – 12:45

SESSION 6: URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Moderator: Prof. Arzu Kocabaş Diren

Loor, I. Informal Green Infrastructure (IGI) and the Pursuit of Climatic-Responsive Environments In Quito City

Tok, E.; Tüzün, G.; Turan-Çelik, A. and Özkök, K.M. Review of Watershed Planning Within the Framework of Climate Change Adaptation: Case Study in Maritza-Ergene River Basin

Burat, S.; Canpolat-Uğurlu, S. and Grouni, N. An Integrative Solution Proposal For Stormwater Management: Blue-Green Tosbağa Stream

2nd Floor


14:00 – 15:15

SESSION 7: PLANNING FOR RESILIENCE

Moderator: Prof. Handan Türkoğlu

Bayong, M. F. N.; Makak, S. J. and Faure, F. E. Application of Geodesign to Understand Concerted Protection Management and Resilience of the Mandji Island

Markatou, M. Re-thinking and Re-planning Urban Space Integrating Environmental Considerations

Salmon, N. and Yepez, G. Evaluating the Impact of Urban Planning Projects on Climate Change: Towards a Composite Indicator for the Context of Latin America

2nd Floor


15:30 – 16:45

SESSION 8: TRANSITION AND GOVERNANCE

Moderator: Prof. Anlı Ataöv

Velibeyoğlu, K. Transition towards Urban-Nature Dichotomy to Nature-Based Living: Lessons From Izmir

Baycan, T. and Aygün, A. Transition Towards a Post-Carbon City: Critical Impact Assessment for Istanbul

Ersoy, A. Bueren van, E. and Steen, K. Challenges of Urban Living Labs as Places for Local Innovation for Climate Responsive Cities

2nd Floor


18:00 – 19:30KEYNOTE SPEECH by PROFESSOR SIMIN DAVOUDI, NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY

Evolutionary Resilience, Relational Space and Adaptive PlanningGround Foyer

5

3rd DAY – (24 MAY 2019) ROOM

09:45 – 11:00

SESSION 9: LOCAL CONTEXTS AND CLIMATE JUSTICE

Moderator: Prof. Anlı Ataöv

Covarino, S. Density of the Habitat on the Contemporary Megacities. People, Space and Urban Future

Oğuz, Ö. D. Urban Planning and the Role of Local Governments in Turkey within the Context of European Court of Human Rights Decisions for Achieving Climate Justice

Palestino, M.F.; Berruti, G. and Quagliano, S. Exploring the Governance of Naples (Italy) through a Climate Sensitive Approach

2nd Floor


11:15 – 12:30

SESSION 10: CLIMATE CHANGE AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR

Moderator: Prof. Nuran Zeren Gülersoy

Ceylan, R. Recognizing the Spatial Pattern of Energy-Saving Behavior

Özdemir, E. E. Survey of Occupant Behavior on the Energy Use in Turkish Dwellings: Mersin Example

Açmaz-Özden, M. and Özden, A. T. Dystopian Responses to Urban Climate Change Phenomenon: The Impact of the Film Industry in Awakening Future Professionals

2nd Floor


14:15 - 14:30 WELCOMING & OPENING Netherlands Consulate

14:30 - 15:45 REUNITING ACADEMIA WITH PRACTICE (Climate responsive design projects) Netherlands Consulate

15:45 - 16:00 COFFEE BREAK

16:00 - 17:30

CLOSING PANEL (Translation of science into policy and practice)

Moderator: Dr. Ender Peker

Panelists: Prof. Anlı Ataöv, Middle East Technical University Prof. Simin Davoudi, Newcastle University Prof. Gerald Mills, University of Dublin Dr. Meltem Bayraktar, WRI Turkey | Sustainable Cities

Netherlands Consulate

17:30 CLOSING DINNER AND NETWORKING

6

Urban and Global Scale Climate Science

Abstract

Historically, the impact of cities on climates (and vice versa) has been studied from two perspectives. At the scale of individual cities, the scientific study of the urban climate is nearly 200 years old. However, significant progress has only taken place in the last about 40 years as the principles of atmospheric science have been applied, knowledge has been built through careful experimental design and descriptions of the urbanized landscape have improved. We now have a far better understanding of how cities effect climate at micro- to urban scales, and there are many models available that can simulate aspects of this urban climate effect. More recently, at the global scale, cities have been identified as major drivers of climate change and as places that are especially at risk from the projected changes, such as sea-level rise and warming temperatures. This recognition has made cities a key scale for both climate change mitigation and adaptation policies. In this talk, I will discuss the development of urban climatology and its integration with global climate science; I will draw on examples from different places to demonstrate that global climate change policies must be appropriate to the distinct character of individual cities to be effective.

Biography

Gerald Mills is a physical geographer with an interest in urban environments, especially the effects of cities on climate and vice versa. He studied Geography at UCD, Dublin (Ireland) and graduated in 1984. He completed a PhD at The Ohio State University, where he studied GIS and Climatology; his dissertation topic was on the climates of streets. He worked for 7 years in the United States, mostly in Geography at UCLA, California. He returned to Ireland and UCD in 1997 where he has remained. He teaches in the areas of quantitative methods, climatology, GIS and environmental issues. His research work since the mid-1980s has focused on urban climates using observations and modelling and on the application of urban climate knowledge to urban planning and design. Most recently, he is working with others on the WUDAPT project, which has the objective of gathering information on cities globally that can be used to support climate studies. He is a co-author of Urban Climates, which attempts to provide a modern synthesis of urban climate science. He has been a member of the International Association for Urban Climate since its formation in 2000 and has acted as editor of its newsletter and as President.

KEYNOTE SPEAKER: Professor Gerald Mills

7

KEYNOTE SPEAKER: Professor Simin Davoudi

Evolutionary Resilience, Relational Space and Adaptive Planning

Abstract

We live in a complex and uncertain world which, among other things, is faced with climate breakdown with unknown and potentially catastrophic consequences. Governing uncertainties is particularly challenging for spatial planning which is primarily a future-oriented activity. In response to this challenge, the concept of resilience has attracted a growing attention and become a keyword of our time. But, what does resilience actually mean, and how is it interpreted in policies and practices? In this talk, I unpack two fundamentally different meanings of resilience (engineering and evolutionary) and discuss how they are aligned with two different understandings of space and place (absolute and relational) and two different approaches to spatial planning (blueprint and adaptive). I would argue that the engineering interpretation of resilience is underpinned by principles that are similar to those underlying the absolute understanding of space and blueprint approaches to planning, while the evolutionary interpretation of resilience is aligned with the relational understanding of space, and the adaptive approaches to planning.

Biography

Simin Davoudi is Professor of Environment and Planning and Director of the Global Urban Research Unit (GURU) at the School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, Newcastle University, UK. She is past President of the Association of the European Schools of Planning (AESOP) and Fellow of the Royal Town Planning Institute, the Academy of Social Sciences, and the Royal Society of Arts. She has served as expert advisor for several UK government departments, EU directorate generals, UK and European research councils and national research assessment exercises. Simin has held visiting professorships at the universities of: Amsterdam and Nijmegen (Netherlands), BTH (Sweden), Tampere (Finland), Virginia Tech (USA) and RMIT (Australia) and served on several advisory councils (such as Hong Kong University, Finland Urban Academy). She is co-Editor of the Journal of Environmental Planning and Management. Her research and publications cover various aspects of urban planning, environmental governance, climate change and resilience. Selected books include: The Resilience Machine (2018 Routledge), Routledge Companion to Environmental Planning (in press), Justice and Fairness in the City (2016 Policy Press), Reconsidering Localism (2015 Routledge), Town and Country Planning in the UK (2015 Routledge), Climate Change and Sustainable Cities (Routledge 2014), Conceptions of Space and Place in Strategic Spatial Planning (Routledge 2009), Planning for Climate Change (Earthscan 2009), and Planning, Governance and Spatial Strategy in Britain (Macmillan, 2000).

8

Thermal Comfort

Thermal Comfort Effects of New Urban Development Projects:

The Case of Erzurum

The main objective of this study is to explore the consistencies between the urban patterns of new high-rise urban development projects and cold climate conditions in Erzurum. Şehristan and Yakutiye residences are very new projects in the city and conducted by the responsible municipalities. This study aims to produce thermal comfort model of these two new high-rise housing projects in the central place of Erzurum and determine the level of sensitivity of their urban design projects to climate conditions. It mainly questions whether the urban patterns in and around the housing areas eliminate the winter disturbances. And also, it questions the capability of these new urban developments about transforming outdoor space into a center of attraction. In this context, the case study was conducted in the winter period. The analysis uses the data gathered through morphology of the site, meteorological parameters and time parameters. Thermal comfort mapping can be produced within a methodology based on these three issues and will give an idea for better public space design for winter cities. For calculating the models, ENVI-met as a software designed to simulate the surface, plant and air interactions of an urban environment were used. The findings show that while Şehristan projects is not compatible with cold climate conditions and creating cold stress for the environment, Yeşil Yakutiye project has a slightly better score in terms of thermal comfort due to the more open spaces. Both of the projects are not taking advantage of the existing climate conditions and creating uncomfortable outdoor environments discouraging residents. Wide-ranging strategies are available to modify climate and urban design for winter conditions. This study demonstrates possible strategies for the urban development in cold climate regions and provides the resources for decision-makers in the planning and design process of cold climate cities.

Keywords: Thermal Comfort, Urban Design, New Projects, Erzurum

Assist. Prof. Doğan Dursun, Atatürk University

Doğan Dursun is an Assistant Professor in the Department of City and Regional Planning at Ataturk University and has been a member of the faculty of Architecture and Design since 2012. He received a B.S. degree in the same department at Gazi University and an PhD degree in City and Regional Planning Department at Middle East Technical University (METU). Prior to joining the faculty, he was a research assistant at METU from 2004 to 2011. He was the founding head of the department. His research interests in city planning are in the areas of climate sensitive urban planning and design, digital simulation and mapping of urban environment under different conditions. Mr. Dursun leads the Department of City and Regional Planning and has been the representative of the Chamber of City Planners in Erzurum.

He is the coordinator of three urban planning and design projects and author of Project books. Mr. Dursun is a member of SPO (Chamber of city planners), ISOCARP and KBAM.

E-mail: [email protected]

9

R. A. Merve Yavaş, Atatürk University

Merve Yavas is a Research Assistant in the Department of City and Regional Planning at Ataturk University and has been a member of the faculty of Architecture and Design since 2012. She received a B.S. degree in the same department at Karadeniz Technical University and a Master degree in City and Regional Planning Department at Mimar Sinan Fine Art University. Prior to joining the faculty, she worked at private planning company for one year. Her research interests in city planning are in the areas of climate sensitive urban design, digital simulation and mapping of urban environment under different conditions. Ms. Yavas is a member of SPO (Chamber of city planners).


Analysis of the Effect Of Building and Plant Design on

Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Cold Climate Areas with ENVI-met

Due to rapid population growth, open-green areas in urban spaces are gradually decreasing. In this process, cities are faced with many environmental problems, from distorted urbanization to air pollution. Apart from these reasons, most of the architectural structures and facade claddings are carried away from traditional architecture and materials without considering the climate characteristics of the city. This causes the architectural structure of the city to move away from the cultural fabric and increase energy consumption.

In this study, the relationship of thermal comfort between building and plant design in Erzurum was analyzed by ENVI-met. For this purpose, the building of the Faculty of Architecture and Design, which is a new structure, was used. Five different herbal design scenarios around the building were prepared: around the building is completely asphalt (1), around the building to be completely grass (2), around the building 140 pieces of broad-leaved trees (3), around the building with 140 pieces of coniferous trees (4), 140 broad-leaved and coniferous trees around the building (5). The measurements for the study were selected as 23 November 2017, the coldest day of November, representing the winter and the analyzes were performed at 15:00. For the current situation of the building and its 5 different scenarios, maps are created according to the average values that people will feel (Predicted Mean Vote - PMV).

When the PMV maps were examined, the best result for summer and winter months was the use of coniferous species and the scenario in which mixed plant species were used. It has been determined that the plants increase the thermal comfort especially in the places they create by cutting the wind speed in the winter months. It was emphasized that the right plant design was required to create a thermally comfortable space in urban spaces.

Keywords: Outdoor thermal comfort, ENVI-met, PMV, Erzurum

Başak Ertem Mutlu, Atatürk University

In 2012, she graduated from Bartın University, Landscape Architecture. She worked in the private sector for 2.5 years and completed her master’s degree in 2016 at the same university. In 2017, she started doctoral studies at the Atatürk University in Erzurum, in the areas of sustainable environment, smart cities, outdoor thermal comfort. In 2018, she was accepted into the Sustainable Environment and Smart Cities program, one of the 100/2000 priority areas of YÖK.


10

Prof. Sevgi Yılmaz, Atatürk University

Prof. Sevgi YILMAZ completed her university education B.Sc. degree as first distinguished student from the department of Landscape Architecture at Cukurova University in Adana, Turkey, in 1990. She has started working as research assistant at the Department of Landscape Architecture at Atatürk University in 1992. She has been working as Professor in the same department since 2012. Her research areas are landscape design, thermal comfort, landuse planning, urban termal design.

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

R.A. Elif Nur Sarı, Istanbul University

She completed her undergraduate studies at the Department of Landscape Architecture of Atatürk University in 2015 and in 2017 at the Department of City and Regional Planning. In 2015, she started her post-graduate education at the same university in the department of landscape architecture. In 2018, she started to work as a research assistant at Istanbul University.


Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Usage Characteristics in

Historical and Modern Urban Squares of Istanbul, Turkey

The use of public space has changed due to gradually increasing populations, change of user trends and presence of approaches that fail to observe thermal comfort and locality when making decisions related to open space planning and design. In this context, providing thermal comfort in open spaces appears to be a field of study that needs to be discussed. This study proposes a new approach to examine the thermal values and usage characteristic of the two city squares’ outdoor thermal comforts, located in historical and new urban patterns, in Istanbul which is located in the temperate humid climate zone of Turkey. The selection of case areas are based on the social media popularity rate, so Sultanahmet Meydanı was selected in the historical area, and Şirinevler Meydanı was selected in the modern area of Istanbul. The research method consists of microclimate and morphology analysis to define the thermal comfort values of squares, user experience analysis with social media data, and evaluation of results. The results show that the urban form, wind characteristics, the presence of vegetation, water bodies, and morphological properties of squares are effective on thermal comfort distribution in urban areas. When compared to the simulated values of historical square and modern square in summer, it is seen that historical square has lower temperatures and better thermal comfort values. The findings may contribute to a better understanding of the impacts of urban morphology, architecture and landscape characteristics on urban microclimate and user preferences. Once natural, spatial and social parameters are successfully examined and designed, open spaces will benefit from natural resources optimally, hence spatial quality will have been improved. It is therefore crucial for thermal comfort and environmental quality, consequently for users’ health and convenience that urban squares are in harmony with spatial, social and climatic characteristics of the city.

Keywords: Urban morphology; urban microclimate; data analysis; outdoor thermal comfort.

11

Ezgi Güler Tozluoğlu, Istanbul Technical University

Ezgi Güler Tozluoğlu received her MSc. degree in Urban Design in 2018 and her graduate degree in Urban and Regional Planning in 2016 from Istanbul Technical University. Her MSc. thesis titled “A Performance Analysis for Squares in Terms of Thermal Comfort Criteria and Usage-Users Relations” was founded by Scientific Research Project Coordination Unit of Istanbul Technical University and Marmara Municipalities Union. She is currently PhD candidate in Department of Urban and Regional Planning in Istanbul Technical University. She was awarded urban design and product competition projects, and her research interests include climate responsive urban planning & design, inter-disciplinary studies, data analysis and visualisations.


Assoc. Prof. Serdar Kaya, Istanbul Technical University

He is currently working as an assistant professor at Istanbul Technical University, Faculty Of Architecture, Urban and Regional Planning Department. His research mainly focuses on mathematical models and complexity theories in urban design and architecture. He has been in The Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis (CASA), UCL as affiliate academics for one year in 2008. He has graduate degrees in Urban and Regional Planning and Architecture departments, and MSc. Degree in Urban Design program at the Istanbul Technical University. He holds PhD degree in Urban and Regional Planning Program at the Istanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology with the thesis titled “A Quantitative Method Proposal for the Analysis of the Dynamic Structure of Urban Pattern”. H Serdar Kaya, who has

awards in urban design competitions and a national patented product, continues his research on mathematical models and simulation research and design projects of settlement patterns.


12

Effects of Urban Block Typologies on Wind Flow

Characteristics: The Case of Izmir, Turkey

Climate responsive urban design is neglected due to intensive urbanization, and therefore the dense urban structure reduces the continuity of wind flow and makes the urban environments unventilated. Wind is the natural phenomenon to ventilate the urban environments; however, high-speed wind flow due to the large building bodies causes pedestrian wind discomfort. This study aims to investigate the outdoor wind performance of typical urban blocks such as point, linear, V-shaped and low and high-rise. As different from the previous studies focusing on the typical urban blocks in related literature it aims to take into account both pedestrian wind comfort and urban ventilation. The Alsancak Neighborhood was chosen as the study area since it is the most enjoyable public place for urban inhabitants in the city of Izmir, Turkey. Wind observation in the area shows that high-speed wind flow especially formed around large and high-rise buildings causes pedestrian wind discomfort. Along with the pedestrian discomfort, the linear and continuous building blocks located on the seaside of the settlement obstruct the penetration of cool sea breezes into the city. Therefore, the city becomes thermally uncomfortable in summer. As a method, CFD (computational fluid dynamics) techniques were used. The results show that the point block provides the best outdoor wind performance compared to the other studied urban blocks. It was found that appropriate urban block arrangements can allow the penetration of wind flow into the urban fabric while providing pedestrian wind comfort. The findings could be generalized to enhance wind conditions in different urban settlements regardless of location and climate since the typical urban blocks were investigated in this study. Along with the theoretical contribution to the international literature, the findings can contribute to the creation of new local urban planning policies taking into account the wind phenomenon in the city of Izmir.

Keywords: Urban block, urban ventilation, pedestrian wind comfort, computational fluid dynamics (CFD).

R.A. Hakan Baş, Dokuz Eylül University

Hakan Baş is a research assistant in the Department of Architecture at the Izmir Kâtip Çelebi University where he has been a faculty member since 2014. He received his BSc in Architecture from Yıldız Technical University in 2009. He worked as an architect in Emre Arolat Architects in 2011. He received an MSc from the program of Sustainable Buildings; Performance and Design of Oxford Brookes University, UK in 2014. Since 2016, he has been conducting his Ph.D. at the Department of Architecture of the Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences of Dokuz Eylul University on the study of “A Proposal for Wind Compatible Physical Environment Design in Izmir”. He carried out the design, planning and engineering works of the Ecovillage Seferihisar in 2016. His main research interests are building energy modeling, computational fluid

dynamics, building and urban aerodynamics, parametric urban design and eco-village planning.


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İlknur Türkseven Doğrusoy received her BSc in Architecture at the Dokuz Eylül University in 1994. In 1996, she received an MSc on the study of The Effects of Glass on Building and Space Design at the Department of Architecture of the Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences of Dokuz Eylul University. In 2002 she completed her Ph.D. on the study of “The Examination of Windows/Openings As An Architectural Element, In The Context Of Human-Space Relations” at the same university. In 2012, she received the title of Associate Professor in Design. Since 2018, she has been giving lectures at Dokuz Eylul University Department of Architecture as a Professor. Her main research interests are architecture-urban-urban/public space relations, sustainable architecture and human-environment studies.

Her areas of expertise include a large number of national and international publications, papers, book chapters, scientific research projects, jury membership, peer-review, and a national design experience award.


Prof. İlknur Türkseven Doğrusoy, Dokuz Eylül University

14

Urban Micro-Climate

The significance of Simulation Tools in Achieving Sustainable

Urban Environments

Urban environments have wound up coming face to face with significant problems over recent decades as they try to accommodate exploding populations. One of these issues is creating comfortable and pleasant environment for urban dwellers. Prior to the industrial revolution, our ancestors listened to the environment and benefited from its climatic and geographical conditions. The industrial revolution paved the way for mass production, new technology, and rapid urban growth. Unfortunately, the environmental and social aspects of urbanization were, to a large extent, disregarded for the sake of economic development. Nevertheless, in the case of urbanization in developing countries, proper planning and design strategies need to be implemented in order to create pleasant, comfortable, and sustainable environments. At this point, simulation tools, especially those that are used to model urban microclimate have proven indispensable, given that they enable urban planners to better understand urban environments in terms of both present and future microclimate dynamics. Although numerous tools and indices have developed to assess this, their use is often disregarded during pre- and post- design phases due to how complex their frame of parameters tends to be. Even so, their worth should not be underestimated, and the output they provide should be used to evaluate meteorological and physical parameters.

This paper aims to put forth that a significant degree of sustainability can be achieved by implementing appropriate design strategies, and by using simulation tools in order to predict and therefore minimize potential problems. In doing so, it evaluates current simulation tools available on the market (i.e. ENVI_met, RayMan, UrbaWind, TownScope), looks at their parameters (i.e. meteorological, physical, user-related) as well as their indices (i.e. PMV, PET, UTCI, SET), all examines their level of output, all within the framework of a brief review of the literature and various case studies.

Keywords: microclimate design, simulation tools, sustainability, urban built environment

Mujesira Bakovic, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University

She obtained her Bachelor Degree from Middle East Technical University (Ankara), Department of City and Regional Planning in 2015 and M.Sc. degree from Istanbul Technical University Urban Design Program - Graduate School of Science, Engineering and Technology in 2018. She took part as a project assistant at research projects “Post-occupancy evaluation of outdoor spaces in campus buildings with spatio-temporal mapping method” and “Measuring the relationship between spatial configuration and user behavior: User-Oriented Approaches to Urban Square Design Process at the Peripheral Municipalities of Istanbul” where she had a role of collecting, analyzing and evaluating data. Currently, she is a Ph.D. Candidate at the Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, Institute of Science and Technology-Urban Planning Programme.


15

Monitoring the Temporal Micro-Climatic Change in an Urban

Area: The Case Study of Umraniye District

Istanbul has undergone significant constructional changes especially over the last 16 years due to increasing of urbanization in parallel with the increase of population, and the urban transformation studies. It is known that changes in urban surface characteristics lead to different urban climates. Hence, with these changes, the city which was surrendered to the concretion has become open to problems in terms of urban climate and the regional climate balances of the city have been disturbed. The built environment directly affects thermal comfort and human behavior. In this respect, for sustainable urban growth, the evaluation of urbanization together with climate change from past to present is also important for planning.

Ümraniye is one of the districts in which significant physical changes occurred in the last 20 years. Increasing of construction and transformations from the low-rise (2 - 4 story) to high-rise buildings are the most significant examples in the region. It was decided that the Umraniye district would be chosen as the study area based upon predicitions that these significant physical changes would cause significant climatic changes in the region.

The main aim of the study is monitoring and showing the climatic change by using satellite images with a retrospective GIS-based change detection method. The comparisons were made through Landsat thermal images during summer term between the years 2002 and 2018. The results are compared with the constructional changes that took place in the region and then statistically tested whether the expected climatic changes that have occurred against these constructional changes. The results showed that the correlations could reach up to high level when important changes occurred in the areas. Furthermore, the results revealed from this study find that while the extreme heating has arisen from the expansion of the building bases, the extreme cooling was arisen from buildings.

Keywords: Urban climate, Climatic change detection, Remote sensing, Modeling.

Assist. Prof. Çağdaş Kuşçu Şimşek, Cumhuriyet University

Halime Ödül, Cumhuriyet University

Received her bachelor’s degree (2012-2017) in Geomatic Engineering from Cumhuriyet University. Currently she is a graduate student (2017- 2019) in Geomatics Engineering at the Cumhuriyet University. Major research interests include GIS and remote sensing, urban climate, spatial analysis, environment and ecology.


Received her bachelor’s (1997-2002) and master’s (2002-2005) degrees in Geodesy and Photogrammetry from Yıldız Technical University. Earned her Ph.D. degree in Urban and Regional Planning from Yıldız Technical University in 2013. Currently works as an assistant professor in the Department of Geomatics Engineering at Cumhuriyet University and she also gives lectures in the Department of Urban and Regional Planning. Major research interests include urban climate, environment and ecology, urban planning, spatial analysis, GIS and remote sensing.


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Received her bachelor’s (1997-2002) and master’s (2002-2005) degrees in Geodesy and Photogrammetry from Yıldız Technical University. Earned her Ph.D. degree in Urban and Regional Planning from Yıldız Technical University in 2013. Currently works as an assistant professor in the Department of Geomatics Engineering at Cumhuriyet University and she also gives lectures in the Department of Urban and Regional Planning. Major research interests include urban climate, environment and ecology, urban planning, spatial analysis, GIS and remote sensing.


Urban Climate Change Prediction by Using Artificial Neural

Networks: A Case Study of the 3rd Bosphorus Bridge

Urban climate change is one of the important factors affecting human life comfort. The most important reasons for this change are the destruction of forest and green areas with the increase of impervious surfaces. Urban climate comfort is under threat due to the fact that the shift of the growth direction of Istanbul to the north. It is known that the northern forests have a cooling effect move toward the inner city. With the expansion of the city, it’s expected that this cooling effect is decreased, and also, due to the increase of impervious surfaces, more heating will occur in the city.

In this study, the considered climatic changes due to the construction of the 3rd Bosphorus Bridge, which will play an important role in the northward expansion of Istanbul, will be recreated on the meso scale and studied in order to predict artificial neural networks (ANN). The surface temperature obtained from landsat 7 and landsat 8 satellite images, normalized vegetation index (NDVI), emissivity, combined thermal effect index data and digital elevation model, distance to the coast and distance to road data were used as GIS bases. Simulation was applied in two stages. In the first simulation, the surface temperature of the year 2017 was estimated by using the years before the construction of the bridge. As a result of the simulation, the correlations between the estimated surface temperature image and the original surface temperature image were investigated and the simulation success was tested. Then the city will expand by destroying the northern forests in the region depending on the bridge.

With this study, it was revealed that the changes that the large projects planned to be done in the city and its surroundings will create in the urban climate can be predicted by using artificial neural networks by identifying the tissue images on the satellite images.

Keywords: Urban Climate, ANN Model, Remote Sensing, GIS

Derya Işık, Cumhuriyet University

Assist. Prof. Çağdaş Kuşçu Şimşek, Cumhuriyet University

Received her bachelor’s degree (2012-2017) in Geodesy and Photogrammetry from Erciyes University. Currently she is student in Geomatics Engineering at the Cumhuriyet University.

Major research interests include GIS and remote sensing, artificial neural networks, urban climate, environment and ecology.


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Urban Heat Island

R.A. Deniz Diren Üstün, Istanbul Technical University

Deniz Diren Üstün had her Bachelor’s degree in 2013 and Master’s degree in 2016 from Meteorological Engineering department at Istanbul Technical University. She currently works as a research assistant at the Meteorological Engineering department and continues her PhD program on Atmospheric Sciences. She took part of some research projects on air quality modelling and urban meteorology fields. She currently studies on urban meteorology including urban climate modelling.


Impact of Vertical and Horizontal Urbanization on Urban Heat

Island of Istanbul

For the past 50 years, the estimated urban heat island intensity in Istanbul is around 3°C during summer season as a result of replacement of green areas with the urban fabric. This situation is prominent due to horizontal and vertical urban expansion in terms of urban geometry. Horizontal expansion increases impervious surfaces and roughness while vertical expansion blocks wind corridors and prevents the urban ventilation. It is a fact that both expansion variations cause the urban heat island effect. Urban heat island issue is one of the most serious problems in megacities especially in summertime since it intensities impact of heat waves by exacerbating thermal risks for urban residents. It is important to find the effects of urban expansion on hot spots to develop efficient mitigation strategies to reduce the urban heat island. In this study, the thermodynamic micro-scale urban climate model MUKLIMO_3 is used to simulate the urban heat island effect for different urban expansion scenarios in Istanbul. Three different scenarios were created for urbanization: 2 vertical and 1 horizontal. Model’s sensitivity and the effects of scenarios on UHI over the city were presented. Our findings indicate that the horizontal expansion results in a temperature increase up to 3 °C. The effects on urban climate are not limited by the expansion regions and different degree of changes are expected to be seen over whole city. On the other hand, in vertical scenarios the temperature increase is nearly 1 °C and less, and it affects only the built up areas. However, the position of the high rise buildings changes the wind field distribution which might elevate the air pollution problem in the city. Horizontal and vertical urban expansions are not substitutions for each other but this case study is helpful to understand how these expansion scenarios contribute on the urban heat island affect.

Keywords: Urban climate, Urban Heat Island Effect, Istanbul

R.A. Cemre Sonuç, Istanbul Technical University

I am Cemre Y. Sonuç and graduated from Istanbul Technical University (ITU) as a meteorological engineer in 2014. Now, I am a current Atmospheric Sciences PhD student and research assistant of meteorological engineering department at ITU. During my graduate degree, I was more involved in modelling area and presented several conference papers. I was a part of a project of IO Environmental Solutions Company and General Directorate of Water Management about the impact of climate change on water resources. In 2015 summer, I worked at the Free University Berlin with Research Group of AG Urban Climate & Health, supervised by Prof. Sahar SODOUDI. In 2017, I successfully defended my master thesis entitled “COSMO-CLM Climate Simulations over Turkey: Performance Evaluation and Climate Projections for

The 21st Century”. Furthermore, I had been part of an EU Project, which aims investigation of local climate change in 3 cities, between 2014 and 2018.


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Prof. Yurdanur Ünal, Istanbul Technical University

Yurdanur Ünal is a Professor in the Department of Meteorological Engineering at the Istanbul Technical University where she has a faculty member since 1995. Unal completed her MSc and Ph.D. at University of California, Los Angeles in the area of Atmospheric Sciences and her undergraduate studies at Meteorological Engineering of Istanbul Technical University. Her research interests lie in the area of climate change and variability, ranging from urban to regional scales, and regional climate modeling, especially downscaling Global Climate Model simulations over Turkey for today’s conditions and for future under different emission scenarios. She completed several national and international projects and guided several undergraduate and graduate students.


Understanding Climate Change and Urban Heat Island Impacts

on the Built Environment

The residential building sector is a high-priority area in climate change and urban heat island research due to its large share of CO2 emissions, the substantial energy saving opportunities it represents, and the increasing occupant comfort expectations. In the future, a shift in building energy use from space-heating towards space-cooling is expected due to global warming. Corresponding environmental impacts will also change accordingly. Moreover, the lengthy periods of overheating will become a major challenge for the occupants of the residential buildings. Especially, the day-time occupants (those that are most exposed to overheating and those that cannot effectively take the necessary adaptive measures such as children and the elderly) will be at the highest risk.

This paper presents the simulation-based results of the climate change and urban heat island impact assessment for a typical multi-story residential building in Istanbul. First, a climate change projection based on RCP 8.5 (business as usual, representing high CO2 emissions) determined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was created for 2060 by morphing the baseline weather data. Obtained 2060 data was further morphed to include the urban heat island effects for an urban context. For building simulations, two cooling scenarios were developed representing different building usage profiles (naturally ventilated and fully air-conditioned). As building performance metrics, building heating/cooling energy demands, CO2 emissions and occupant thermal comfort were evaluated. The results show that the cooling energy demand and/or occupant comfort level will be strongly influenced by the predicted temperature increases. The results not only underline the necessity of taking adaptive measures, but also emphasize the importance of decarbonization of the electricity production in reducing the future negative impacts of climate change on the buildings. The presented results will also provide a basis for future studies on retrofit for climate change.

Keywords: climate change, urban heat island, residential buildings, building energy performance and occupant comfort

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Dr. İpek Gürsel-Dino is an architect and Associate Professor of Architecture at the Middle East Technical University Department of Architecture (METU). She completed her M.Arch degree in computational design at Carnegie Mellon University in USA (M.Arch) and her PhD in Architecture at Technische Universiteit Delft in the Netherlands. Dr. Gürsel Dino currently acts as the Director to the Graduate Program in Architecture at METU. She has led and participated in research projects in both USA and Europe, focusing on sustainability in the built environment with a strong emphasis on interdisciplinary collaboration. Her research particularly focuses on the development of computational tools and methods for building performance assessment, sustainable building design, climate change, algorithmic design

systems, building information modeling, building energy efficiency, virtual-reality in architecture and building retrofit.


Dr. Çağla Meral Akgül, is an assistant professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at Middle East Technical University (METU). She received her BSc/MSc degree in Civil Engineering (2001/2004) at METU. She also has an MSc degree in Computer Engineering (2006) at METU. She obtained her PhD in Civil and Environmental Engineering (2012) at University of California, Berkeley. She has led and participated in numerous projects with various research centers such as Argonne National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory and San Sebastian Material Physics Center. With more than 15 years of experience in development of research activities on production and characterization of sustainable construction materials, Dr. Meral Akgül has acquired a solid background in efficient utilization

of traditional and advanced materials in construction applications through training, engineering, consulting and product development activities, She authored many articles and conference papers on advanced material characterization, development of sustainable construction materials, energy-efficient buildings and life-cycle assessment.


Assoc. Prof. İpek Gürsel Dino, Middle East Technical University

Assist. Prof. Çağla Meral Akgül, Middle East Technical University

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Nature-Based Solutions

Not Two Worlds But One: the Nature of Urban Architecture

“Cosmos is the first city” wrote the Stoic philosopher Chrysippus. He claimed that all cities that are governed by law should be modeled after the cosmos. Modern cities, however, have been conceptualized and built not as a manifestation but as the antithesis of nature. To our minds, city and nature belong to two ontologically distinct categories. The former, which is an artifice, is built upon the latter, which is non-human and primeval. Assuming that city is an encroachment, issues that pertain to collective human activity are considered utterly disruptive. While the advance of recent critical scholarship in anthropology and sociology that question the culture-nature division is important, it is of little help to the environment-conscious designer. Even if designers agree that such false divisions do not hold, how this awareness translates into design is not clear. We have no resources or guides beyond the prevalent assumptions and norms, which are largely based on the split worldview. We need new or recovered perspectives to make sense of the existing order and to re-define it. Along these lines, the two basic premises of this paper are: 1) It is impossible to assume a realistic environmental stance without eliminating the dualistic understanding, and 2) Some architects, landscape architects, and urban designers have put forth creative alternatives to overcome the dichotomy. Based on these propositions, the main objective of the paper is to highlight such exemplary design attitudes and to present urban situations that acknowledge, embody, reflect, and re-animate the rhythms and elements of the natural world. It is hoped that the proposed inquiry into situations that are designed or discovered to harness the water, the sun, the earth, and the air within the social and the physical fabric of the city will offer alternative ways of positioning the human prospect in the environment.

Keywords: nature-culture split, design alternatives to city-versus-nature dichotomy, re-situating the human prospect in the environment.

Assoc. Prof. Esra Şahin Burat, Mersin University

Esra Şahin Burat is an architect, researcher, and educator. She received her Bachelor of Architecture from Middle East Technical University, Master of Architecture from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, and MS and PhD in Architecture from University of Pennsylvania. She is a recipient of the SOM Foundation’s National Travel Fellowship and ACSA Steel Design Award for Excellence among other awards. Her areas of interest include architectural theory and design, particularly theories of nature, materials, orientation, space, and representation, and the relationship between architecture and the natural/cultural environment. She participated in urban design, renovation, and archeological research projects conducted in historic sites. At present she is an Associate Professor and Chair at Mersin University Department of

Architecture and Vice President of Mersin Chamber of Architects. She is also a co-investigator of the international research project titled “Healthy Housing for the Displaced in Extreme Climates,” led by the University of Bath.


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Co-design of a nature-based solutions ecosystem for

reactivating a peri-urban district in Quito, Ecuador

Climate change is hitting Quito with a shift in average temperatures, an increase in flooding during the rainy season and stronger fires during the dry season. It also affects food production systems, water provision from the surrounding mountains, local biodiversity and generates new types of risks within the city. With 5,9 Mton of CO2 equivalent emitted in 2017, the city of Quito still has a low emission average compared to similar cities in the world. It aims, however, at reducing its emissions at a 5% annual rate until 2025. For this purpose, Quito has developed specific plans like the “Vision 2040” and the “Resilience Strategy”. It proposed in 2018 and 2019 a set of urban competitions for embodying such visions into territorial, urban and architectural realities. The present paper results from an award winning proposal to the “Mi Barrio ejemplar y sostenible” urban competition launched in 2018 and based on developing the “Vision 2040” for San Enrique de Velasco, a typical peri-urban district of Quito. This proposal was developed considering a co-design process using both traditional methodologies, like interviews and workshops with inhabitants, and innovative tools, like Unlimited Cities based on collaborative urbanism. Against a deprived and segregated district, the proposal considers using the under-development science of nature-based solutions (NBS) as a main driver for rehabilitating cohesive spirit among neighbours, developing local economy, recovering the important natural assets of the area, solving issues like storm water management and lack of comfort in public areas with ecological means and developing new landscapes. Beyond public spaces it also proposes a regulation framework for orientating private property densification towards including NBS. This proposal for San Enrique de Velasco aims at shaping new perspectives for the whole city of Quito under a resilience perspective, where NBS plays a novel major role against climate change.

Keywords: nature-based solutions, city planning, co-design, Quito

Graduated as an architect (Central University of Ecuador, 2004), Master in comfort and ambiance for architecture (University of Bordeaux, France, 2007), and PhD in sustainable urban planning (Architecture School of Bordeaux, France, 2011), she designs building projects in Ecuador and France since 2004. In 2007 she integrated the French technological centre Nobatek to develop sustainability in buildings and urban planning projects. She led during 8 years the green urban planning activity in Nobatek including both consultancy and research. In this framework she conceived and developed the NEST tool, a LCA-based impact assessment tool for urban planning. Associated professor and researcher successively in the Architecture School of Bordeaux (FR), the UDLA (EC) and PUCE (EC) universities, she actually leads the SIT (Sustainability,

Innovation and Research) research group of the architecture faculty in the PUCE Quito. In 2015 she co-founded YES Innovation in Ecuador and is co-director of the company since then.


Dr. Grace Yepez, Pontificia Universidad Catolica Del Ecuador, Yes Innovation

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Dr. Nicolas Salmon, Yes Innovation

Graduated as material engineer (ISITV, France) in 2000 and PhD in material science (Politecnico di Milano, IT; Universidad del Pais Vasco, ES) in 2005, he integrated the technological center Nobatek in France in 2005 where he worked as head of the sustainable construction technology department until 2015 developing innovative products for the construction sector and tools for the performance assessment of buildings and districts (Life Cycle Assessment, Indoor air quality, and building monitoring). During this period, he co-invented the NEST tool developed within Nobatek for the evaluation of sustainable neighborhoods projects. Settled in Quito (Ecuador) since 2015, he collaborates with the PUCE University since 2017 for master programs and research projects in sustainable architecture. He co-founded YES Innovation

in Quito in 2015, a research and sustainability oriented architecture and city planning studio, and is now fully dedicated to the development of the company in Latin America as CEO.


Gabriela Mejia, GMG Design and Construction

Architect by The Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador (2005). Magister in management of building and real estate companies by University San Francisco de Quito and by the Polytechnic University of Madrid (2012). Full-time Teacher. Coordinator of the Technology Area in the Faculty of Architecture of the Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador. Teaches in the Architectural Workshop, Building and Business Management. Founder of GMG design and construction. Actually, she collaborates as Researcher Professor of Architecture of the Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador and she is an active member of the Research Groups SIT- Sustainability, Innovation and Technology and Modern Architecture in Quito: 1965-2000.


Paco Mejia, GMG Design and Construction

Architect by Central University of Ecuador, 1985. Magister in Master heavy construction and infrastructure by Central University of Ecuador 1987. Oversight of works of GMG design and construction. Specialist in citizen participation with Municipality of Quito. Actually, he collaborates in the construction area of citizen participation workshops and construction of private works with GMG design and construction.


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Grace Garofalo, GMG Design and Construction

Micaela Duque, Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador

Architect by the Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador (2016). Experienced in design within the project of reconstruction of the campuses of the Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador in Manabí after the earthquake of April 2016.First assistant of coordination of several exhibitions like: 4 Modern Architects (November2018 – January 2019). Independent experience on construction and design. Collaboration with GMG design and construction studio. Actually working in investigation on the ongoing project: Modern Architecture in Ecuador between 1950 -1965 approved by the Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador.


Graduated as a Master of Environment specializing on Energy Efficiency from the University of Melbourne - Australia and an Electronic Engineering degree from Escuela Poliécnica del Ejército (ESPE) - Ecuador. He is a pro-active professional who promotes sustainability, has worked on several projects, designing and implementing policies and strategies for sustainable development, energy efficiency and renewable energy for buildings and industries. He has had experience in multicultural and interdisciplinary work teams in Ecuador, United States, Belgium and Australia. Ambassador for the International Living Future Institute in Ecuador. Co-founded Ecoglobal Solutions in 2016, organization whose central axis is sustainability developing solutions for the environmental challenges. He has been invited as a mentor

on Technology and Innovation events and in the development of workshops focused on promoting the SDG for entepreneurship. Associated professor and researcher at the Sustainable Architecture faculty of Universidad Regional Amazonica Ikiam (Tena) and lecturer at PUCE (Quito).


Graduated as an architect (Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, 2019). Experience in the investigation field with the Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador as an intern in the project Modern Architecture in Ecuador between 1956 and 1960 and as a formative investigator in the project Indicators to Evaluate the Sustainability of Urban Projects and Public Space in Neighborhood Scale: Case Study Llano Chico and El Carmen Bajo. Collaboration in the project Digital Rescue and Cataloging of Inedit Documentation from Primary Fonts (Documentaries and Built) corresponding to the Modern Architecture, Quito-Ecuador, between 1954-1960, sponsored by the Research Department of the Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador. Collaboration with YES Innovation in projects and competitions.


Mauricio Masache, Ecoglobal Solutions / Universidad Regional Amazonica Ikiam

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Monica Yepez, Yes Innovation

David Leonel Montoya Salazar, Universidad Central Del Ecuador

Antonio Baez, Pontificia Universidad Catolica Del Ecuador, Yes Innovation

Graduated from the Pontificia Catholic University of Ecuador in 2019, he has worked in several architectural projects, on collective participation, and research basis. In 2016, he collaborated in the making of the urban plan for the Mariscal district as host of the event UN HABITAT III, within the Metropolitan Institute of Urban Planning (IMPU). He has also collaborated on the research for “HEALTHY LIVING-EVALUATION OF HOUSING DETERIORATION”, along with the University of Ohio for the eradication of Chagas in the communities near Cariamanga in Loja-Ecuador. He was part of the OBRA STUDIO TEAM associated with the Ministry of urban development and housing in the planning for the Post-earthquake Project (2016) for the city of Pedernales, with participatory workshops were developed for the design of a number of

Architectural projects and public spaces. He is currently collaborating with professors from the Pontificia Catholic University of Ecuador in research projects focused on sustainability.


Student in urbanism and architecture at Central University of Ecuador, he was intern in “Army Corps of Engineers” in 2012 and drawing assistant in Freylance Store Design (Munich - Germany). Since March 2017 he is delegate of the French NGO “7 Billion Urbanist”. During February and April 2018 he worked as a supervisor in “Molinos de Holanda - Etapa III” and since September 2018 was team member of the awarded project in the urban competition “Mi Barrio Ejemplar y Sostenible”. Volunteer in the Architecture Bienial in Quito in 2018, he was also assistant in the structural Project “Auditorio del Colegio Mejia” the same year at Eduardo Torres office.


Graduated as an agriculture and livestock engineer (Instituto Agropecuario Superior Andino de la Escuela Politécnica del Ejercito. IASA - ESPE, Sangolquí, 2001). Master in Orientation and Counseling Process (Universita’ Sacro Cuore di Milano , 2004). In 2017 she returned to Ecuador and joined the staff of YES Innovation. She works developing projects in Urban Agriculture, Environment, Architecture and Sustainable Construction.


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NBS as a Policy and Planning Measure to Mitigate Climate

Change Impacts

Climate change is a major global challenge with impacts at multiple scales and interconnections with numerous environmental processes and factors, such as flooding, heatwaves and the security of food/water. International organizations such as the World Bank or the United Nations agree on the increasing adverse impacts of climate change on urban areas and conduct programs on mitigating effects of climate change and associated disaster risks and providing sustainable innovation actions. Conventional ‘top-down’ engineering solutions or spatial planning alone cannot ensure cities’ capacity to mitigate the impacts of climate change. Physical measures such as flood barriers or embankments, may be highly effective and efficient within their lifespan. However, they are inflexible, difficult to integrate into dense urban fabrics due to conflicting interests in property ownership, they require high maintenance and they make limited contributions to other societal challenges. Hence, alternative approaches are needed that integrate the physical, social, economic, and environmental dimensions to govern the impacts of climate change and associated societal challenges. Through a systematic literature study and policy analysis, this paper evaluates and integrates findings from selected European cases to find answers to the following questions: 1) “How can NBS, as a policy and planning measure, help to mitigate climate change impacts in urban areas?” 2) “Whether can NBS contribute to more equity and justice in cities?”, and 3) “Can NBS help to integrate the different dimensions, such as social, economic, environmental as well as the physical?” The results can inform future urban development strategies and policies with the ultimate goal of being climate resilient.

Keywords: climate change, nature-based solutions, disaster risk reduction, equity and justice in cities

Dr. Atun-Girgin is Assistant Professor Strategic Spatial Planning at ITC Faculty, in the Department of Urban and Regional Planning and Geo-Information Management, at University of Twente. She obtained her PhD in spatial planning and urban development from Politecnico di Milano in 2013. She is qualified in urban policy analysis, strategic spatial planning and societal resilience. Since 2008 she has participated in a number of EU funded projects on environmental disaster risk management and climate change adaptation. She is currently working in the Building Resilient Urban Communities Project, funded under EU Erasmus+ Program in the field of Capacity Building in Higher Education. She is the co-founder of “The Others and Disasters”, a non-profit organization established in Milan in 2016 to enhance disaster resilience of

migrants through their involvement in disaster risk reduction by providing trainings, courses and seminars.


Assist. Prof. Funda Atun-Girgin, ITC, Unversity of Twente

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Prof. Karin Pfeffer, ITC, University of Twente

Prof. Richard Sliuzas, ITC, University of Twente

Prof. Karin Pfeffer is a geographer and holding a chair in Infrastructuring Urban Futures at the Urban and Regional Planning and Geo-Information Management department at the Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation. Prior to her appointment at ITC in 2017 she worked at the Department of Human Geography, Planning and International Development Studies of the University of Amsterdam (the NL) in various positions, ranging from postdoctoral researcher to Associate Professor. She obtained her PhD in Physical Geography from Utrecht University, the Netherlands. Central to her work is the use and analysis of geographic information science technologies for investigating critical urban issues such as deprived settlements or environmental vulnerabilities. Currently, she investigates how research can

engage with, and participate in, the development of new urban planning practices and address issues of urban sustainability. Key questions are how urban governance actors develop, organize and practice access to urban infrastructure and how geo-spatial technologies can enhance the planning of and access to urban infrastructures. She has participated in NWO and EU-funded research programmes on spatial information infrastructures and spatial knowledge management. Currently she (co)leads several research projects on topics of behavioural change in energy demands, deprived settlement dynamics and creative industries in the informal economic sector.


Prof. Richard Sliuzas is Professor of Urban Planning for Disaster Risk Reduction at the Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente. He is specialised in the use of geo-spatial technologies for urban planning and management. His research focuses on the use of geo-spatial technologies in spatial planning for sustainable urban development on issues related to urban informality and the relationship between spatial planning and disasters. He is now supervising PhD students working on: integrated urban and flood modelling in Kampala and Kigali; Planning support for urban resettlement projects in Kigali, Rwanda; Risk perception and flood mitigation in Kampala; and modelling impacts of urban growth in the Nile River valley. Richard has worked in numerous international development and capacity

building projects in Africa, Asia and Latin America. From 2012-2013 he was team leader of the Integrated Flood Management in Kampala project undertaken under the UN-HABITAT Cities and Climate Change Initiative. He is currently coordinator of the Resilience and Risks Management Strategies thematic group of the Association of European Schools of Planning (AESOP) and a member of the Global Human Settlement working group (http://www.earthobservations.org/ghs.php).


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Dr. Reckien is Associate Professor Climate Change and Urban Inequalities at the Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, the Netherlands. She specializes at the interface of climate change and urban research, with the aim to contribute to justice efforts. One of her current research question is how climate change mitigation and adaptation policies affect and interact with social vulnerability, equity and justice, and how to set up adaptation and mitigation policies in order to avoid respective negative side-effects. Other research interests include method development for impact and adaptation assessments, and modelling approaches, social vulnerability, and climate change migration. Dr. Reckien is Coordinating Lead Author for “Chapter 17: Decision-making options for managing risk” of the Working Group

II Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report. She has recently been involved in the Second Assessment Report for Climate Change in Cities (ARC3.2; Eds: Rosenzweig, Solecki et al.; Cambridge University Press), for which she led the work on equity and environmental justice. She also serves on the Editorial Board of “Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews”.


Assoc. Prof. Diana Reckien, ITC, University of Twente

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Umut Erdem is a research assistant and Ph.D. student at Dokuz Eylül University, Department of City and Regional Planning, Izmir, Turkey. He received a Master degree in City Planning at the Izmir Institute of Technology and a Bachelor degree in City and Regional Planning at the Suleyman Demirel University. His research area has been so far spatial networks, economic growth, regional disparities, cities, and growth. He published several papers in international journals like Review of Urban and Regional Development Studies, Journal of Geography and Geology, Euro-American Association of Economic Development Studies.


R.A. Umut Erdem, Dokuz Eylül University

Urban Design and Energy Efficiency

The Effects of Urban Morphology and Topology on Urban Heat

Islands: A Spatial Regression Approach

Urban heat island (UHI) has recently been a hot research topic since the vast majority of the cities are hosting UHIs across the globe resulting in lower quality of life and even loss of human lives in urban areas. In a most general sense, the increasing concentration of people in urban areas creates denser urban land uses which cause pollution and congestion leading to more UHIs. In addition to the land use causal determinants of the UHIs, addressing the spatial and urban morphological determinants is also needed. Analyses based on spatial information may help in developing UHI sensitive development the strategies for the mitigation of the UHIs in urban areas. Besides, UHIs sensitive policies may also provide more resilient, and climate-friendly urban development plans with a notion of more liveable urban spaces. With this regard, this study aims at estimating the effects of spatial and morphological determinants of UHIs in a large-scale city, Izmir, Turkey by using remote-sensing based temperature data. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Spatial Durbin Model (Spatial Lag) are used to estimate Land Surface Temperature (LST) by introducing (1) Graph Theory-based accessibility indices (sinuosity, total depth, and angular segment length) and centrality measures (degree centrality, betweenness centrality, closeness centrality, and clustering coefficient) as morphological explanatory variables, (2) level land use data, and (3) road characteristics (area, length, width) as the explanatory variables. Regarding the results, this study reports quite significant findings. First, UHIs are not randomly distributed across the city, whereas, their concentrations depict place and urban morphology dependent distribution patterns. Second, the Graph Theory based urban morphology indices reveals that the higher centrality of the topology and accessibility in cities lead to more UHIs. Policy implications are discussed.

Keywords: Urban heat island, Urbanization, City-road network, City morphology, Network analysis

K. Mert Cubukcu is a Professor of City and Regional Planning at Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey. He holds a Bachelor of City Planning degree from Middle East Technical University, and a Ph.D. in City and Regional Planning from The Ohio State University. He was the runner-up for the Regional Science Association International (RSAI) Dissertation Contest. Cubukcu’s research interests include quantitative planning techniques, GIS, and spatial statistics. Cubukcu’s research has appeared in international journals including Journal of Transport Geography, Applied Geography, The Annals of Regional Science, Journal of Architectural and Planning Research, Studies in Regional and Urban Planning, and International Journal of Education Policy and Leadership. He is the author of two books and the recipient of Stollman Planning Award.


Prof. K. Mert Çubukçu, Dokuz Eylül University

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More than a Green Space: How Much Energy can an Urban Park

Save?

Today, buildings are responsible for approximately 40% of the global energy demand. Among this demand, the share of space heating is larger than the share of space cooling. However, considering the global climate change and rapid urbanization, the share of space cooling is possibly going to surpass the share of space heating within the 21st century. To counter this, engineers and designers focus on more efficient cooling systems and better building designs. An alternative way to reduce the cooling demand can be to optimize urban microclimates under which buildings operate. This can be achieved with climate responsive urban environments, such as by incorporating urban parks into urban designs. Through shading and evapotranspiration, a park can decrease air temperatures in its close vicinity; but how much of an energy saving this can lead to?

To answer this question, this study focused on the Stadspark in Antwerp, Belgium, and its surroundings up to a distance of 850 m away from the park. Computer simulations and on-site measurements were utilized for this research, focusing on July 2013. According to the simulations, the maximum park cooling effect was calculated as 3.4°C and the effect was found to be noticeable 498 m away from the park. The result of park cooling effect on building energy demand was determined numerically for a representative building. For this purpose, two microclimatic conditions were specified at a location 80 m (1) and 400 m (2) away from the park. Overall, the location close to the park had a cooler microclimate, which led to a maximum reduction in daily cooling demand by 43% for the representative building. Since the calculated park cooling does not affect only the building investigated but extends to an area of 200.000 m2, such energy savings lead to considerable decreases in carbon emissions and energy spending.

Keywords: Urban climatology; Park cooling effect; Climate adaptation; Energy demand

Dr. Yasin Toparlar (1987, Istanbul, Turkey) has graduated from Bogazici University in 2010 with a B.Sc. degree in Civil Engineering and in 2012 from Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e) with an M.Sc. degree in Building Physics and Services. In 2013, he has started his Ph.D. research in TU/e and defended his thesis (cum laude) in 2018. He has published 18 peer-reviewed international journal papers and 12 conference papers and he is currently a reviewer for eight international journals. Parallel to his own research, he has been the co-supervisor of two Ph.D. students and four M.Sc. students. In 2018, he was awarded by the Royal Institute of Engineers with the Hoogendoorn Award for Fluid Mechanics, which is given annually for the best Ph.D. thesis in the Netherlands in the field of fluid mechanics. Currently, he is a research

supervisor at TU/e and a project leader at the Dutch consultancy firm Deerns.


Dr. Yasin Toparlar, Eindhoven University of Technology

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Prof. Bert Blocken, Eindhoven University of Technology / KU Leuven

Prof. dr. ir. Bert Blocken (1974, Hasselt, Belgium) is a Civil Engineer holding a Ph.D. in Civil Engineering from KU Leuven in Belgium. He is Full Professor in the Department of the Built Environment at Eindhoven University of Technology and part-time Full Professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at KU Leuven. His main areas of expertise are urban physics, wind engineering and sports aerodynamics. He has published 171 papers in international peer-reviewed journals. He has received the 2013 Junior Award from the International Association of Wind Engineering. According to the 2016 Academic Ranking of World Universities, he is among the 150 most cited researchers world-wide in the fields of Civil Engineering and Energy Science & Engineering. He is editor of the journal Building & Environment and associate

editor of the Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics. He is currently supervising 5 senior researchers and 28 PhD students.


Dr. Bino Maiheu obtained his degree in Physics in 2001 and received a Ph.D. from the University of Ghent, Belgium in Experimental Particle Physics in 2006. After obtaining his Ph.D., he moved to London to work for 2 years as an accelerator physics research assistant at UCL. He has been at Flemish Institute for Technological Research since autumn 2008 and is now working as a scientist in the field of air quality and urban climate modeling. He is the main developer of the operational air quality mapping and statistical forecasting models ran by the Belgian Interregional Cell for the Environment. He has experience in conducting experimental urban climate measurement campaigns. He has been involved in ESA Urban Heat Islands and Urban Thermography project and in two FP7 projects on urban climatology: RAMSES

and NACLIM. He has led several urban heat island studies for the cities of Tilburg, Ghent and Antwerp.


Dr. Bino Maiheu, Flemish Institute for Technological Research

Prof. dr. ir. GertJan van Heijst is professor in fluid dynamics at Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands. His research interests include geophysical and environmental fluid mechanics, in particular vortices and turbulence in rotating and stratified flows, two-dimensional turbulence, dispersion in turbulent flows, and erosion and sedimentation processes. He has been associate editor of Physics of Fluids and of Geophysical and Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics, and currently he is co-editor-in-chief of the European Journal of Mechanics B/Fluids. He is member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (1997), member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (2010), and recipient of the Dutch Physica Award (2006). Per 1 January 2013 he serves as President of EUROMECH. Since 1991 he has been one of the local

directors of the J.M. Burgers Centre, the national Dutch research school for fluid dynamics. He became scientific director of the Burgers Centre in 2014.


Prof. GertJan van Heijst, Eindhoven University of Technology

31

Tamirevi: A Model Restoration Practice for Historic Houses in

Mardin

In today’s world, environmental awareness is as critical for the existing building stock as it is for new structures. Any intervention to the urban fabric must comprise energy-efficient technology for our long-term survival. Since historical urban landscapes constitute a significant part of the building stock, it is imperative to integrate climate-responsive systems into their conservation. Although some historical structures are already equipped with authentic, eco-friendly responses, most are not. In either case, it is essential to update historical buildings with contemporary interventions to prolong their life as well as that of their environment.

Tamirevi, a historical house in Old Mardin, is the site for a pioneer, energy-efficient conservation project. The overall mechanical system was designed as a balanced combination of historic and contemporary technologies. It will act as a model for future conservation projects in the region since part of Tamirevi was repurposed as a permanent exhibition dedicated to environmentally-conscious conservation methods.

The process for achieving a case study for sustainability in Tamirevi started with stakeholder meetings. A survey was conducted to understand the occupants’ energy consumption habits. The evaluations of these questionnaires shaped the methods and techniques used in the restoration project. This allowed Tamirevi to fulfill its primary goal of becoming a model restoration practice for historic home-owners and residents in Mardin.

The restoration of Tamirevi is one of the seven pillars of the KORU project, which is carried out by the Association for the Protection of Cultural Heritage (KMKD) to build capacity in cultural heritage protection in Turkey. This article is going to focus on the methodology and innovative interventions implemented in the Tamirevi project.

Keywords: energy efficiency, historic buildings, sustainable heritage, environmental conservation

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Süreyya Topaloğlu was born in Ankara on June 29, 1988. She graduated from Ankara Atatürk High School in 2006. She completed her undergradute studies in the Faculty of Architecture at Middle East Technical University and remained at the university for her Master of Science degree in the Department of Conservation of Cultural Heritage. She finished her master studies with her thesis entitled “Discussions on the Integration of Rural and Archaeological Landscapes in Ildır/ Erythrai” in 2016. Starting from 2011, she worked as a conservation architect in Sagalassos Archaeological Research Project in summer campaigns. She was a research and teaching assistant in the Faculty of Architecture in Istanbul Bilgi University between 2014 and 2018. Most recently, she started to work as cultural preservation manager in the

Association for the Protection of Cultural Heritage (KMKD, Kültürel Mirası Koruma Derneği).


Süreyya Topaloğlu, Kültürel Mirası Koruma Derneği

Sena Kayasü was born in Ankara in 1993. She completed her undergraduate education in the Department of Architecture at Bilkent University. She then received her Masters degree in Historic Preservation Planning at Cornell University with her thesis entitled “Conservation Plans in the Historic Urban Core of Ankara.” She has worked with the Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations (ANAMED) in 2015 and Cleveland Restoration Society (CRS) in 2017. Prior to her position as the training coordinator at Assocation for the Protection of Cultural Heritage (KMKD), she worked as a conservation architect in Ankara.


Sena Kayasü, Kültürel Mirası Koruma Derneği

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Urban infrastructure and sustainable

development

Informal Green Infrastructure (IGI) and the Pursuit of

Climatic-Responsive Environments in Quito City

Loss of green landscape to informal housing development is a classic problem in fast growing cities of developing countries, which may contribute to the pace of climate change. This situation calls for mechanisms that integrate informal settlements in efforts of mitigation and adaptation. This research develops an empirical description of the concept of informal green infrastructure (IGI), proposed as a tool to anticipate the making and unmaking of green infrastructures in informal settlements when planning for climate-responsive urban environments. Using a case study design in informal settlements of Quito, I explore how the socio-spatial constraints blend with the pursuit of human agency and the surrounding green landscapes to shape IGIs as infrastructures of everyday life. Learning from everyday practices that sustain IGIs in place may yield some implications for adaptive capacities in wider scales. Data collection involves a mix of qualitative methods. These include archives analyses, transect walks, different formats of interviews, and observations. The study identified community allotments, footpaths over neighbouring slopes and ravines, and pitches for football and volleyball as the most prevalent infrastructures that fit into the criteria of IGI. The principal findings were: (1) Community allotments constitute platforms for engendering interactional multiscale social networks of reciprocal exchange and help for women. (2) Footpaths provide connectivity to mobility infrastructures that allow dwellers reach their daily destinations. (3) Pitches enable leisure choices, income generation, and enhance collective agency in pursuing governmental interventions toward improved informal settlements. Additionally, IGIs constitute green spaces developed and maintained by users. IGIs secure their ongoing functionalities by transforming incrementally in harmony with the networks in which their users embed. Hence, for the three types in this study, IGIs’ stakeholders are actors involved in policies relevant to food retailing, urban transportation and sports practicing, which are often overlooked in the green space debates.

Keywords: Green infrastructure, informality, climate-responsive, Urban sustainability

Ignacio is a Human Geography PhD at The University of Manchester. His research interest is focused on how informality transforms cities of developing countries and how this knowledge may be integrated into urban planning and sustainable development. His current research explores how residents of informal settlements in Quito reconfigure neighbouring green landscapes for infrastructural purposes. Realising how informality produces spatial changes that are still “green” led him to develop the concept of informal green infrastructure. He has also worked in various government roles in Ecuador. As an Official at Ministry of Foreign Affairs, he engaged in the SDGs and the UN Third Conference on Finance for Development. Ignacio has also worked for the water authority and a regional energy supplier, which put him in frequent

contact with informal settlements.


Ignacio Loor, The University of Manchester

34

Review of Watershed Planning Within the Framework of Climate

Change Adaptation: Case Study in Maritza-Ergene River Basin

The administrative boundaries in traditional planning disrupt the holistic approach in the planning of natural areas. Therefore, the importance of ecological boundaries is increasing. In fact, both water and climate changes know no borders. In particular, the watershed planning should protect its cross-border property. Within the scope of regional plans and studies, watershed planning should be evaluated with quantitative inputs based on climate change. There are very few studies in the literature in this area. Research and studies in Turkey about climate change are generally on the impacts of climate change; increasing summer temperatures, decreasing winter precipitation in western provinces, loss of surface water, increased drought, soil degradation, coastal erosion and floods. It is expected that the water and soil resources, which are necessary and important for food production and assurance, will have negative effects on the development projections in rural areas.

As a result of industrialization and urbanization tendencies in the Thrace region that started with 1980s and became increasingly influential with the 1990s, there is an uncontrolled growth process that creates rapid population growth and pressure on natural areas. In other words, anthropogenic activities in the region, changing flora and fauna, drivers of global warming, have effects on natural resources significantly. Therefore, Ergene River basin needs adaption strategies for climate change to ensure sustainability. The aim of the study is to develop a framework for watershed planning integrated climate change adaptation depending on urban expansion and land use future simulation. In this context, structural / natural environmental alterations were evaluated in the basin scale and analyses were performed for the built environment and land use structure. In addition, LULC (Land Use/Land Cover) were simulated and the current environmental plan decisions such as residential, industrial, transportation-logistics and commercial land use decisions, investments and threats to the basin were assessed.

Keywords: Watershed Planning, Climate Change Adaptation, Land Use Simulations, Maritza-Ergene River Basin.

Ezgi Tok is Associate Professor in Kırklareli University, Faculty of Architecture, Urban and Regional Planning Department. She graduated from Istanbul Technical University as a Geodesy and Photogrammetry Engineer. She received her PhD in the area of Urban and Regional Planning. Her research area focuses on Remote Sensing, GIS Applications and spatial planning. She holds a list of scientific publications about her research areas.


Assoc. Prof. Ezgi Tok, Kırklareli University

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Received her bachelor’s degree in Urban and Regional Planning from Yıldız Technical University (YTU) in 1989, master’s degree from Graduate Program of Landscape Planning from YTU in 1999 and Ph.D. degree from Graduate Program of Urban Planning at YTU in 2009. The subject of the PhD thesis is “A Methodology Research on River Basin Planning and Management: Case Study Maritza-Ergene River Basin”. She works as an Assistant Professor in the Urban and Regional Planning Department of Kırklareli University.


Assist. Prof. Gül Tüzün, Kırklareli University

Aylin Çelik Turan graduated in Landscape Architecture from Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Bartın Faculty of Forestry. She received her Ph.D. degree from Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, Program of Urbanism. The subject of the PhD thesis is the carbon storage of urban and rural areas. Her research and study topics are Urban and Rural Green Space Planning and Design, Climate Change and Adaptation.


Received his bachelor’s degree in Urban and Regional Planning from Karadeniz Technical University in 2013 and master’s degree from Graduate Program of Urban Regeneration and Planning from Yıldız Technical University (YTU) in 2016. Currently a PhD student in the Graduate Program of Urban Planning at YTU. He works as a Research Assistant in the Urban and Regional Planning Department of Kırklareli University. Research interests include urban design, space syntax, urban and regional sustainability, urban conservation, and history of urbanization.


Dr. Aylin Çelik Turan, Kırklareli University

R.A. Mete Korhan Özkök, Kırklareli University

36

An Integrative Solution Proposal for Stormwater Management:

Blue-Green Tosbaga Stream

The precipitation regime throughout the world is fluctuating due to climate change, with unforeseen results beyond forecasts. Flooding, watershed overflow, and drought are some of the problems cities are facing. To alleviate the problems caused by extreme precipitation, nature-based solutions such as sustainable drainage systems and blue-green networks, to perform along with grey infrastructure, are being introduced and implemented. Retrofitting the existing structures and the cities with this infrastructure is a slow process and may produce partial solutions if the natural drainage pattern of the basin the settlements are located at is not considered. The institutional bodies responsible for development of the built environment are slow to act, and hesitant to adapt to new ways of operating and to co-operate with other responsible parties, which development of blue-green networks require.

Residents on the other hand are indifferent towards nature based solutions. Planned but undeveloped extensions of settlements provide opportunities to showcase blue-green networks in such an institutional and social environment. This paper discusses the possibility of providing sustainable drainage solutions for planned but unbuilt urban extensions. The discussion is modeled on the authors’ urban design project for the Tosbağa Stream Recreation Area Idea Competition. The objective of the competition was to design a recreation area on the two sides of a section of a stream. The competition team proposed a blue-green network that would not only provide connection with the city fabric and establish links with recreational public spaces, but also serve to improve climate responsiveness at the urban district scale. By integrating an active living infrastructure, including bicycle routes and pedestrian paths, into the system it was intended to add further benefits and potentials like improving the public health, creating comfortable and accessible public spaces and decreasing the carbon footprint of the city, just to name a few.

Keywords: stromwater management, sustainable drainage systems, green infrastructure, urban design competition

Sinan Burat received his Bachelor degree in Landscape Architecture in 1996 from Ankara University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Landscape Architecture. He received his MSc in urban design in 2000 and his PhD in City and Regional Planning in 2008. Both degrees were awarded by the Middle East Technical University, City and Regional Planning Department. Sinan Burat has worked as teaching assistant between the years 2000 and 2009 in METU. He is teaching at Mersin University, Faculty of Architecture, City and Regional Planning Department since 2009. He has been actively participating in planning studios and teaching courses on landscape architecture, urban sociology, green infrastructures and urban landscape. His fields of interest focus on man-environment relations, the idea of “nature”, health and urban

space, production of urban green spaces. He has won several awards and degrees in national urban design competitions.


Assist. Prof. Sinan Burat, Mersin University

(

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Born in 1985 in Mersin, Sema Uğurlu Canpolat graduated from Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Architecture, Architecture Department in 2018 and completed her master study at the Architectural Design Graduate Program in Istanbul Bilgi University in 2011. Between 2011 and 2014, she worked at Atelye 70 City Planning Inc. and gained experience by working on various projects with different typologies and scale. She participated in many national architectural and urban design competitions since her Bachelor studies and received two first prizes, one honorable mention and one purchasing award. She worked as a part-time lecturer in the architectural design studios at Mersin University Faculty of Architecture. She worked on architectural documentation in archaeological excavations of Soli-Pompeiopolis and of

Kelenderis ancient cities. Since 2014, she has been continuing her professional activities in Ura Architecture, which she founded in Mersin. In her designs, Sema Uğurlu Canpolat focuses on energy conscious and ecological architecture.


Sema Uğurlu Canpolat, URA Architecture

Niazi Grouni is a freelance architect based in Mersin. In 2012, he received his B.Arch diploma of Architecture and Design from the Private University of Science and arts in Aleppo, where he is originally from. After relocating to Turkey in 2013, he worked as an architect at Ünal Şahin Architects for four years. Niazi Grouni won seven prizes and awards in the architecture and urban planning competitions he entered. His product designs, such as Chair 008 and Triple Tres lamp, have been published in several media outlets. Grouni was invited as a jury member in 2018 to the basic design studio of Mersin University Architecture Department.


Niazi Grouni, Freelance

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Planning for Resillience

Application of Geodesign to Understand Concerted Protection

Management and Resilience of the Mandji Island

The overall objective of this study is to make a contribution to the resilience of Mandji Island, Ogooué maritime province in Gabon, through the implementation of a landscape project using the Geodesign method of harvesting decision, from geographic planning focused on landscape design through three-dimensional modelling, “Geodesign changes geography by design“ said Carl Steinitz. A 3D visual cartographic support with CityEngine will allow for a better landscape integration of the existing or future coastal protection schemes of the different actors projects. The present contribution makes the inventory of the vulnerability and protection of the island Mandji, object of our study, located in Gabon in Central Africa, we will work on two main sites; the Cap Lopez oil terminal area; and the Pointe Clairette urban area at Akosso Point on Port Gentil Bay. This territory whose geomorphology through its low altitude, four meters from sea level makes it subject to coastal risks such as erosion, flooding and marine submersion. We will use the concepts of coastal resilience, landscape approach, and consultation in our diagnosis of the process of protection planning the 3D mapping of infrastructures and different actors will illustrate the actions and scenarios of the future vision of this site.

The application of Geodesign to understand resilience is based on the fact that any resilient project is built on an integrated planning. Geodesign improves this approach with concertation tools which it offers so much on the spatial visualization as on the mediation between the stakeholders.

Keywords: Geodesign, coastal resilience, CityEngine, Gabon.

Fritz Bayong is a Cameroonian landscape engineer , graduated from the University of Dschang. He holds a master’s degree in Marine and Coastal Environment Management from Université Omar Bongo in Gabon. He is Cameroonian Landscape Engineers association (CALEA) Elected president from 2018.


Bayong Momha Fritz Noel, Universite Omar Bongo

Mr. Makak holds a PHD in Geography from 2014 at Université Omar Bongo. He is owner and director of GEOSPATIAL COMPANY (GEOCOM) since 11 years. The company is Esri distributor in Gabon for Geographic Informations System (GIS) Services.


Dr. Jean Sylvestre Makak, Geospatial Company

Mr. Faure holds a PhD in Geography option marine sciences from 2001 and he is director of the National Centre of Oceanographical data and informations - Centre National des Données et d’Informations Océanographiques (CNDIO).

Dr. Faure Francois Edgard, National Centre of Oceanographical Data And Informations

39

Re-thinking and Re-planning Urban Space Integrating

Environmental Considerations

The work that follows aims at evaluating the urban area of “Agios Konstantinos” in the city of Larissa to the extent that the area meets the criteria of green-sustainable design, as these criteria are included in the LEED-Neighborhood Development system methodology. The above methodology encodes the most important elements for green urban planning and provides a quantitative assessment system with key axes those of “smart location and connectivity”, “neighborhood model and plan” and “green infrastructure and buildings”. Nowadays there is an ongoing debate on urban space and its problems. All urban elements, such as those of the built-structured environment, its open-public areas and its natural elements formulate the urban plot. At the same time, human activities greatly affect both the plot and the living conditions. Environmental issues are often disregarded in urban space and its planning process and that fact has damaging effects on cities and, more general, on urban settlements.

The advantages and benefits of formally including environmental considerations in urban planning and integrating them into urban development strategies are many, as two of the most important “urban problems” are those of the gradual deterioration and degradation of the area’s microclima and the excessive consumption of energy resources. The paper that follows is focused on the environmental aspect of urban space and its planning process in a typical Greek urban area in Larissa, called “Agios Konstantinos”. The paper has two objectives: First, integrate environmental considerations in an area which is characterized by old residential buildings, lack of public and open areas, inadequate sidewalks, no green spaces and elements of both isolation and exclusion from the rest of the urban fabric. Second, make a proposal which will improve the living conditions and quality of life in the area. Both objectives will be considered based on the LEED-Neighborhood Development system methodology.

Keywords: Environmental planning, Greece, Urban Planning

Maria Markatou is an Urban Planner- Engineer and Economist. She has a 20-year academic experience, teaching courses on both Planning (Urban Planning, Territorial Governance, Green Planning and Resilience, Smart Cities) and Economics (Innovation and Entrepreneurship). Maria Markatou has a 20-year professional experience, being first a “Supervisor of public environmental studies and works” and then a “Planner- Regional Economist & Policy Analyst” at the General Directorate of Planning and Development. Since 2015, she is the Head of Urban Planning and Development at the Municipality of Larissa (Local government authority). She currently supervises three projects, the first on “economic, social and environmental urban resilience”, the second on “sustainable urban mobility” and the third on “green urban planning”.

Her research interests focus on both fields of planning (e.g. urban resilience, urban regeneration and brownfield planning, landscape planning based on cultural heritage regeneration) and economics (environmental innovation and local- urban system of innovation).


Assist. Prof. Maria Markatou, University of Thessaly

40

Evaluating the Impact of Urban Planning Projects on Climate

Change: Towards a Composite Indicator for the Context of

Latin America

Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) is a consolidated technique to evaluate the impact of industrial products against environmental criteria. Among the set of indicators usually proposed by LCA datasets and methodologies, Climate Change (CC) occupies a permanent place with the Global Warming Potential (GWP) indicator as defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). It reflects the relative effect of the main greenhouse gases on climate change considering a fixed period (100 years for example for GWP100). The LCA technique and this particular indicator were adapted to urban planning practice in 2011 through the development of the NEST tool dedicated to the evaluation of urban planning projects. Originally developed for the European context, this one is currently being adapted to the context of Latin America considering specific local challenges and locally tailored database. Key variables related to climate change for urban planning projects not only include the capacity of a project to generate or prevent Green House Gases (GHG) emissions, but also the adaptation potential for the city against risks generated by CC. Floodings and droughts, fires, food chain, water provision, biodiversity preservation, and usability of public spaces are to be considered in the impact factor evaluation as they reflect major issues generated in Latin America where 80% of the population is now located in urban areas. This paper presents the development of an indicator generated for the context of this region and based on both mitigation factors (i.e. GHG emissions) and adaptation strategies (i.e. risk management). It was experimentally applied to a peri-urban area of the city of Quito, giving new insights to planners for considering impacts of their planning scenarios.

Keywords: Urban planning, climate change, indicator, LCA

Graduated as material engineer (ISITV, France) in 2000 and PhD in material science (Politecnico di Milano, IT; Universidad del Pais Vasco, ES) in 2005, he integrated the technological center Nobatek in France in 2005 where he worked as head of the sustainable construction technology department until 2015 developing innovative products for the construction sector and tools for the performance assessment of buildings and districts (Life Cycle Assessment, Indoor air quality, and building monitoring). During this period, he co-invented the NEST tool developed within Nobatek for the evaluation of sustainable neighborhoods projects. Settled in Quito (Ecuador) since 2015, he collaborates with the PUCE University since 2017 for master programs and research projects in sustainable architecture. He co-founded YES Innovation

in Quito in 2015, a research and sustainability oriented architecture and city planning studio, and is now fully dedicated to the development of the company in Latin America as CEO.


Dr. Nicolas Salmon, Yes Innovation

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Graduated as an architect (Central University of Ecuador, 2004), Master in comfort and ambiance for architecture (University of Bordeaux, France, 2007), and PhD in sustainable urban planning (Architecture School of Bordeaux, France, 2011), she designs building projects in Ecuador and France since 2004. In 2007 she integrated the French technological centre Nobatek to develop sustainability in buildings and urban planning projects. She led during 8 years the green urban planning activity in Nobatek including both consultancy and research. In this framework she conceived and developed the NEST tool, a LCA-based impact assessment tool for urban planning. Associated professor and researcher successively in the Architecture School of Bordeaux (FR), the UDLA (EC) and PUCE (EC) universities, she actually leads the SIT (Sustainability,

Innovation and Research) research group of the architecture faculty in the PUCE Quito. In 2015 she co-founded YES Innovation in Ecuador and is co-director of the company since then.


Dr. Grace Yepez, Pontificia Universidad Catolica Del Ecuador, Yes Innovation

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Transition and Governance

Transition towards Urban-Nature Dichotomy to Nature-Based

Living: Lessons From Izmir

Izmir has a population of 4.2 million inhabitants in the western part of Turkey. Increased number of inhabitants creates pressure on environmental resources and complicates city services. Therefore, resilience thinking is needed in the future development of the Izmir city-region.

Greening urban plans and following blue & green growth strategy is Izmir’s main target in coming years. To this end, the city signed Covenant of Mayors (CoM) in 2015. As a member of CoM, Izmir completed a Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP), declared a target of cutting 20 percent CO2 emission by 2020. To align with CoM’s targets, the city has developed some actions mainly for urban transportation and environment. However, to obtain basis for climate change adaptation plan, the next target of CoM till 2030, Izmir has applied to some EU projects. The first effort was H2020 UrbanGreenUP project, started in 2017, aiming to support re-naturing urban plans through innovative nature-based solutions (NBS). As a frontrunner city, Izmir has decided to adopt this strategy into local agenda and completed Turkey’s first “Green Infrastructure Strategy” to adjust all the NBSs in a larger urban context.

The main assumption in this study is that bottom-up processes solving environmental problems at the local level have a strong transition effect in changing the local situation. Therefore, the site selection for UrbanGreenUP project has been carefully considered to cover urban-nature dichotomy. The aim was to perform ‘Proof of Concept’ (PoC) approach testing urban nature dichotomy to urban-nature continuum and eventually towards nature-based living. The paper critically reviews NBS literature and discusses PoC realisation and the role of new bottom-up practices (i.e. community-supported urban farming/bio boulevard, tactical design elements, citizen science experimentations etc.) to reach this end.

Koray Velibeyoğlu is an associate professor at the Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Izmir Institute of Technology. The main foci of his research are urban design, planning history, knowledge management, local asset-based development, nature-based solutions, urban ICT policy-making and knowledge-based development processes. Dr.Velibeyoglu is project member of recent EU-funded H2020 projects entitled “UrbanGreenUP: New Strategy for Re-Naturing Cities through Nature-Based Solutions” and “RURITAGE: Rural regeneration through systemic heritage-led strategies”.


Assoc. Prof. Koray Velibeyoğlu, Izmir Institute of Technology

43

Transition Towards A Post-Carbon City: Critical Impact

Assessment for Istanbul

‘Post-Carbon’ cities are one of the new approaches which aims to increase cities’ and regions’ resilience to today’s or future’s environmental, social and economic stresses. ‘Post-Carbon’ approach suggests solutions to climate change, environmental degradation, social inequality and economic shocks. Moreover, this approach is an opportunity to decrease the vulnerability and to increase the adaptive capacity of cities. This paper is based on a EU FP7 Project “POCACITO – Post-Carbon Cities of Tomorrow”. The objective of POCACITO is to facilitate the transition of EU cities (including the case study cities of Barcelona, Copenhagen, Malmö, Istanbul, Lisbon, Litoměřice, Milan, Turin, Rostock and Zagreb) to a forecasted sustainable or ‘post-carbon’ economic model eventually leading to an evidence-based EU 2050 post-carbon city roadmap. This paper aims to evaluate Istanbul’s transition towards a post-carbon city by critical impact assessment and to highlight a sensitivity model for the city. The sensitivity analysis has revealed the most important and critical factors/variables for the city and the degree of sensitivity of components to any stresses or changes in Istanbul. The sensitivity model highlights: i) natural disasters, education level and connectivity are the most ‘active’ factors; ii) transportation, energy efficiency, water management and carbon emission are the most ‘passive’ factors; iii) quality of life is the ‘highly critical’ factor; and iv) population, real estate market, climate change impacts, attractiveness, resilient economy, urban facilities, building density, quality of housing stock, urban sprawl/growth and citizen awareness are ‘critical factors’.

Keywords: climate change, post-carbon cities, critical impact assessment, Istanbul

Tüzin Baycan is Professor of Urban and Regional Planning at Istanbul Technical University. She is Fellow of the Academia Europaea, President of Turkish Regional Science Association and Council Member of Regional Science Association International (RSAI) and European Regional Science Association (ERSA). She has served as Panel Member of ERC Advanced Grants for Social Science and Humanities: Environment and Society; JPI Urban Europe and as external evaluator for different research programs of the EU countries. She has more than 15 years of experience in leading and participating in international (UNDP) and EU Projects (FP5, FP6, FP7). She is Editor, Associate Editor and Editorial/Advisory Board Member of many scientific journals. She has over 100 publications, including journal articles, symposium proceedings, book chapters

and books. Her main research interests cover urban and regional development and planning; environment; climate change; urban systems; sustainable development; creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship; diversity and multiculturalism.


PROF.DR.TÜZİNBAYCAN

Prof. Tüzin Baycan, Istanbul Technical University

Aysun Aygün graduated from Middle East Technical University (METU), Faculty of Architecture, Department of City and Regional Planning in 2011. She obtained her MSc degree in Istanbul Technical University (ITU), Urban Planning Program with the thesis titled ‘Climate Change and Urban Resilience: Vulnerability and Risk Assessment for Istanbul’ in 2015. She is studying her PhD in ITU, Urban and Regional Planning and working as Research Assistant. During her studies, she worked for one EU Project (FP7) as a researcher, participated 14 national and international conferences, congress and symposiums on urban and regional studies, published 3 book chapters on climate change, vulnerability and urban development policies.


R.A. Aysun Aygün, Istanbul Technical University

44

Challenges of Urban Living Labs as Places for Local

Innovation for Climate Responsive Cities

Finding new approaches to overcome complex urban problems such as climate change has always been of interest to policy-makers and academics. The changing dynamics of urban development result in the diversification of new practices during which experimentation is used to inform urban practices. Some examples include living labs, demonstrators and prototyping. Amongst these approaches, urban living labs have become a popular form of urban experimental innovation in many countries in the last decade. These urban living labs respond to the increased complexity of urban climate challenges calling for local solutions that acknowledge local conditions, politically, technically and socially. In many urban living labs, local innovations to climate problems are being developed, tried and tested and improved, leading to urban innovations ready for repetition and upscaling. The involvement and participation of local stakeholders and citizens is generally considered key to deliver solutions that are accepted and work. Even though there has been wide attention for this form of urban innovation, there has been little attention on the innovation process itself within urban living labs. In our presentation, we explore this innovation process, including the role of stakeholder and citizen participation. Based on a comparative case study of nine innovations in urban living labs in the city of Amsterdam, we analyse and discuss the claims of urban living labs with regards to innovation and citizen participation. Our cases show that there is an inherent tension between the development of innovations to be adopted elsewhere, by others, and the development of innovations that work in the particular context in which they have been developed. We argue that the process of experimentation allows different orders of learning in urban living labs. In such processes, combining mechanisms of learning and embedding is key to promoting the development of particular local climate solutions.

Keywords: Urban living labs, climate change urbanism, learning, local innovation

Assist. Prof. Aksel Ersoy, Delft University of Technology

Prof. Ellen van Bueren, Delft University of Technology

Aksel Ersoy is an Assistant Professor in Urban Development Management at the Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment Delft University of Technology. He is interested in understanding the complex relationship between social and economic transformations taking place in developing economies, metropolitan cities and the built environment.


Ellen van Bueren is professor of Urban Development Management at the Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment Delft University of Technology. She is interested in developing tangible concepts, tools and principles for an integrated area-specific approach to contemporary urban challenges.


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Kris Steen, Municipality of Kaag and Braassem, Netherlands

Kris Steen’s research focuses on sustainable urban planning and sustainable urban area development. She has experience conducting research on the potential for improvement of governance arrangements for experimental urban living labs.

E-mail: linkedin.com/in/krissteen

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Local Context and Climate Justice

Density of the Habitat on the Contemporary Megacities. People,

Space and Urban Future

Since 2008 the urban population has exceeded the rural population, this has been the first time on the history of our urbanized planet, the explosion has occurred in short time after 1950 and this phenomenon is still growing. The contemporary urbanization interested the large urban areas, where is possible to analyze the high density of habitat, are located mostly on south of Asia, where the urban population will become more than 1000 millions of people, like in China and we will see more than 400 megacities on the world, this is the dimension of our next future the explosion of the urbanization and immigration.

The vision for 2050 for the megacities will consider these are major global risk areas. Due to the highest concentration of people, high density and extreme dynamics, they are particularly prone to supply crises, social disorganization, political conflicts and natural disasters. Their vulnerability can be high. This is the setting of our future development if the urbanization will continue in this way. The high density of population in large cities and megacities affects our environmental, social and economic changes, especially the urban life, which create a new form and model of living and new attitudes of co-habitation, and which force people to adopt these new conditions of habitat.

This research focuses on the consequences and effect of the urbanization in Environmental, Social and Economic aspects. The case studies to work on the comparison between Asian Cities and African Cities. The aims are elaborate a state of the urban habitat in the high urban density areas. Is a reflexion to consider a new vision to develop a better urban future.

Keywords: Urbanization, Megacities, Population growth, Urban Habitat

Silvia Covarino, architect, specialized with a Master in Urban Planning and has a PhD in Rehabilitation and Recovery of settlements from Sapienza University of Rome. She has held numerous research and teaching positions within the key theme of urban contemporary socio-anthropological urban living, with experience of participatory planning, on issues of upgrading of settlements in different context between Europe, Center America and Mediterranean area. She has actively participated in the seminars and workshops, as speaker in conferences and elaborates documents for Seminar, some works are published. She has collaborated above all with professional architecture. Also works well for some research in urban areas. Currently, she is Assistant Professor at Girne American University in Northen Cyprus.


Assist. Prof. Silvia Covarino, Girne American University

47

Urban Planning and the Role of Local Governments in Turkey

within the Context of European Court of Human Rights

Decisions for Achieving Climate Justice

Urban planning has been a major deficiency among the cities in Turkey for decades. With the effects of increasing population and migration from country to city, the failure of urbanisation has asserted itself in the most apparent way. From the beginning of 2000s, non-planned urbanisation mainly in the industrialised cities of Turkey, has become a major problem concerning people’s daily lives. Infrastructure and transportation related complications, as well as drawbacks concerning the exercise of related social and economic rights have been arising as a result of non-planned urbanisation. The actions brought to the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) against Turkey regarding the infringement of right to the environment in the cities have a connection with urban planning, which is under the local governments’ liability. Since the case of Öneryıldız v. Turkey, local governments have not been fulfilling their obligations regarding urban planning, which is creating greater issues within the context of sustainability. Today, Turkey’s critically insufficient condition under the Paris Agreement brings more responsibilities concerning the achievement of its national targets. Apart from the construction sector which augments the emission rates also by completely disregarding the importance of urban planning, the achievement of climate justice via assertion of right to the city can be done through more inclusionary urbanisation policies of the local governments. To provide a pathway for Turkish local governments regarding the formation of sustainable cities, the cases brought to the ECHR against Turkey concerning the right to the environment will be examined from the aspect of local governments’ duties and liabilities concerning urban planning, and what can be done to improve the current situation.

Keywords: Urban Planning, ECHR, Local Governments, Climate Justice

Duygu Özge Oğuz, born in Ankara, completed her undergraduate studies in Bilkent University Faculty of Law (2010), after finishing high school at TED Ankara College and IB Programme. She achieved her LL.M. Degree on Climate Change, Energy Law and Policy with a Climate Studies Scholarship at The University of Dundee Centre for Energy, Petroleum and Mineral Law and Policy in 2013. Admitting to Ankara Bar Association in 2014, she worked in several energy companies as well as UN and EU Projects. She is currently working as a Research Assistant at Ondokuz Mayıs University, in the department of General Public Law. She is enrolled in Yıldırım Beyazıt University Public Law PhD programme since 2018.


R.A. Duygu Özge Oğuz, Ondokuz Mayıs University

48

Assoc. Prof. Maria Federica Palestino, Federico II University of Naples

Exploring the Governance of Naples (Italy) through a Climate

Sensitive Approach

Despite national governments and cities are urged to put strategies for mitigation and adaptation to climate change on their agenda, in Italy the issue of climate change struggles to get into the priorities of urban policies, and is even less present in collective imaginations and community claims.

This is due to a mix of political, social and ecological factors, including the willingness to deny strategic value to environmental policies and to invest in compensation rather than prevention of related risks. In addition, decision-makers are not prepared to manage the multilevel governance to face the environmental transition.

To the limited plans and policies for climate change management corresponds an equally mild demand for actions by ordinary citizens and the general public. Nor, on the other hand, the existing environmental movements seem to be interested in struggling for climate.

The paper argues that the scarce public perception of climate impacts on urban environments is largely due to the global rhetoric by institutions and media that has ended to de-politicize the issue, pushing it away from the public discourse. Bringing the climate back to the center means, on the contrary, sharing descriptions and actions that allow exploring climate effects in relation to local contexts and community needs.

Starting from the first results of the Occupy Climate Change research, the paper explains – with reference to the city of Naples– how climate change could work as a lever for overcoming the global rhetoric.

The current transition in Naples emphasizes how deconstructing the technocratic discourse on climate change helps enhancing sustainable development and community resilience. Situating climate change policies in the directions of both the new urban and strategic metropolitan plan is a way of promoting shared processes of spatial regeneration.

Keywords: multilevel governance, perception, public discourse, place-based regeneration

Maria Federica Palestino belongs to the staff of the Architecture PhD School and is member of the editorial board of the scientific Journal Crios of which she is co-founder. She was scientific coordinator of the national research “Stormwater Resilient Urban Open Spaces in the domain of climate change”(2011-13). Currently, as a member of the H2020 Research REPAiR, she is in charge of the governance models for the Naples case. Her primary research is focused on the strategic role of cultures, creativity and images in regeneration processes and policies. In a framework of Urban Political Ecology, her latest research projects explores the empowerment of fragile communities and places, in order to recover from socio-ecological decline. The three main research topics are: effects of culture-led regeneration processes on the

contemporary city via innovative urban images production; rehabilitation of the modern city heritage; vulnerable territories, ecological design and community resilience.


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Gilda Berruti is architect and post-doc researcher in Town and Regional Planning at the Department of Architecture, Federico II University of Naples (Italy), where she currently teaches “Introduction to urban planning”. Her research interests include: public spaces between urban form and social dimension, the social construction of urban policies and plans, the sustainable city as an aspect of the new urban question. Currently, she is focusing on the relationship between planning and urban informalities.


Simona Quagliano, architect and PhD student in urban planning at Federico II University of Naples with a thesis entitled “Cities in transition: how climate change is modifying the perception of urban spaces within institutions and society”. From 2012 she is an activist in one of the most widespread italian environmental organization called Legambiente.


Simona Quagliano, Federico II University of Naples

Assist. Prof. Gilda Berruti, Federico II University of Naples

50

Climate Change and Human Behavior

Recognizing the Spatial Pattern of Energy-Saving Behavior

Smart Cities are urban areas that use Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in order to reduce resource consumption and increase the quality of life of citizens towards sustainable urbanism. Therefore, the vision of ‘Smart City’ plays an important role in urban sustainability, the solution of social, economic and environmental problems in cities. However, the ‘smart’ part of the city does not only involve the smart technological solutions such as smart grids, smart meters or IoT devices but also includes the power of the citizens who solve their problems in the cities via smart innovation tools. In this context, this study explores the multidimensional structure of energy-saving behaviour which starts from the individual actions through interventions and feedbacks, and grows at the community level, within the two dimensions of energy efficient urban lifestyles: dwelling and urban mobility. Therefore, a web-based platform (CODALoop) has been designed to produce a ‘Decision Support System’ to increase citizen’s energy awareness which is a precursor condition of energy conservation via feedback mechanisms. The impacts of historical and comparative feedbacks on energy consumption behavior of individuals will be examined on the example of the neighborhoods of Kadikoy District. Kadikoy has been selected as a case district among 39 districts in Istanbul Metropolitan Area because of the diversified socio-economic structure, and the significant local authority attempts such as building regulations, participatory policy-making, and recycling policies to reduce the district’s carbon footprint and energy use. Finally, the study will contribute to the spatial analysis of energy consumption and energy saving data in Kadikoy, and show how individuals can change their energy consumption behaviour via smart innovation tools.

Keywords: energy consumption, energy awareness, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), spatial analysis.

Rümeysa Ceylan has received her B.Sc. degree from City and Regional Planning from YTU in 2014 with the graduation thesis and project: “Planning in Edirne City: With The Perspective of Smart Growth”. She received recognition from ESRI Turkey through Young Scholars program and came second in the competition. She also ranked second in graduation project competition organized by TUPOB. She has received M.Sc. degree from Urban Transformation and Planning Program from YTU with a thesis study on ‘Sustainable Performance Indicators of Shopping Centers in Tukey’. She is currently pursuing her Ph.D. in Urban Planning programme at YTU. She also works as a Research Assistant at the EU-ERANET Co-fund (Smart City) consortium project titled as CODALoop supported by TUBITAK. She was awarded the Routledge

Poster Prize for her poster on Dawn of Change in the International Conference ISOCARP-OAPA/53rd ISOCARP, USA. Currently, she works as a research assistant at the Department of Urban and Regional Planning at ITU.


R.A. Rümeysa Ceylan, Istanbul Technical University

51

Survey of Occupant Behavior on the Energy Use in Turkish

Dwellings: Mersin Example

Occupant behaviour is one of the major factors influencing building energy consumption and contributing to uncertainty in building energy use prediction. There is a lack of knowledge of the effect of various energy saving measures, especially because the influence of user behaviour and lifestyle has not been studies to the same extent as the technical aspects. To meet the high expectations for energy savings in the future, it is therefore important to obtain much more knowledge on the user related part of the energy consumption in order to include and affect this part of the consumption

On the other hand during the design stage, architects and engineers need to consider how the building occupants will impact final energy use. Accordingly, building designers need data, models, tools and case studies able to provide an evidence-based understanding of the human dimensions of energy use.

This paper will focus on developing a new interdisciplinary approach to the analysis and assessment of user influence on the building energy consumption. The method will be based on surveys of energy use and user behavior which will provide an opportunity to establish a knowledge and experience base for the assessment of real obtained energy savings and hence better opportunity to direct future energy policy.

In this conceptual framework, main focus of this research is to evaluate the occupant behaviour and household characteristics based on concepts such as comfort, health and energy efficiency. Scope of this research includes occupants’ quality demands of dwellings. For this reason an experimental study was conducted to analyse the effectiveness of various architectural plan types which belongs to different income groups live in Mersin. Quantitative analysis of a survey of 3 different income groups (high, medium and low income groups) and built forms of residents living in Mersin Metropolitan region was conducted to evaluate the relationship between energy consumption, occupant behaviour and architectural design. Findings showed that there is a significant relationship between residential quality, energy consumption and occupant behaviour.

Keywords: Occupant behaviour, Housing Quality, Energy Efficient Design

Elvan Elif Özdemir was born in Istanbul, Turkey, in 1978. She received the B.sc. degree in architecture from the Eastern Mediternean University and M. Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in architecture from the Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey. After her graduation from the university, she worked at Architectural firms in Ankara. In 2005, she joined the Ankara Metropolitan Municipality as an architect. Since 2014, she has been with the Department of Architecture in Mersin University as an Assistant Professor. Her areas of research interest include sustainability in architecture, energy efficient building design strategies, social sustainablity and urban form, sustainable architectural design education and biomimicry in architecture.


Assist. Prof. Elvan Elif Özdemir, Mersin University

52

Assist. Prof. Melda Açmaz Özden, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University

Utopian and Dystopian Responses to Urban Climate Change

Adaptation: The Impact of the Film Industry in Awakening

Future Professionals

Urban dystopias which reflect human concerns on deterioration of natural and built environmental conditions have been produced throughout the film industry. Some of these products present a story on an unknown future in which the human life is salved and constructed on equitable systems or faces extinction following a catastrophic event that occurred on earth. The climate change is an inspiration to movies which reflects the human concerns on the future of life on earth, especially in urban areas. It is assumed that dystopias have a great potential on people’s awareness for the future hazards and risks of natural and built environmental conditions. This study discusses the role of dystopian views especially reflected in the film industry in creating awareness and consciousness among people for the vanishing human race and urban environments. It investigates the role of dystopian movies with scenarios focused on climate change on the future professionals of urban environment and their related projects. A questionnaire has been developed and carried out among the students of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University. The focus group has been the students in the departments related to design and construction of built environment. The essential aim of the questionnaire is to understand and evaluate the fluctuation of the awareness level of the students particularly after watching the movies related to the climate change. Among the other questions, the questionnaire also asks the students if their personal and professional perspective and understanding of climate change have changed or not following their experience on climate change related fiction movies and documentaries. Finally, the research argues how the dystopian movies could be used as an effective tool to evoke professionals who work in design and construction industry to develop more sustainable and climate adaptive environmental conditions.

Keywords: dystopian movies, climate change, awareness of future professionals, built environment

Melda Açmaz Özden graduated from the Department of Landscape Architecture at Ankara University in 2003. She carried out her PhD studies in the Department of City and Regional Planning at Middle East Technical University between 2005 and 2013. Between 2009 and 2010, she conducted her PhD studies at the Department of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning at Texas A&M University in the USA as a visiting scholar. In 2014, she started working at Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University. Melda has been working as an assistant professor since 2016 at the same university. She gives lectures in Department of City and Regional Planning, Department of Landscape Architecture, and Real Estate Development Graduate Program. She conducts academic and practical studies in the areas of city planning, urban design and

landscape design. Her main interests are on livable cities, sustainable communities, green urbanism, biophilic cities, resilience and climate change.


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After receiving the bachelor’s degree from the Department of Architecture at Istanbul Technical University (İTÜ) in 1998, Ali Tolga Özden continued to the graduate studies in İTÜ between 1999 and 2004. Ali Tolga conducted PhD studies in the department of architecture at Middle East Technical University between 2004 and 2013. He participated to a certification program at Kobe University in Japan for three months period in 2009 which was granted by JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) and RCUSS (Research Center for Urban Safety and Security). Ali Tolga was a visiting scholar at HR&RC (Hazard Reduction & Recovery Center) of Texas A&M University for a 12 months period (between October 2009 and October 2010). He has been continuing his studies in the department of architecture at Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University since

2015. His main research areas are post-disaster reconstruction and adaptation, urban disaster risk reduction, climate responsive built environments, urban resiliency.


Assoc. Prof. Ali Tolga Özden, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University


22-24

MAY 2019

ISTANBUL

TURKEY

VENUE



Production of

Climate Responsive

Urban Built

Environments

ABSTRACT BOOK

ISBN: 978-605-2095-57-7

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